Income/(loss) from operations
| | | | | | |
In RUB millions | Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2022 | 2023 | Change | 2022 | 2023 | Change |
Income/(loss) from operations | 8,746 | 11,494 | 31% | (3,688) | 13,464 | n/m |
Income from operations amounted to RUB 11.5 billion in Q2 2023 compared to RUB 8.7 billion in Q2 2022. This dynamic was mainly driven by the improved profitability of our Search and Portal and Plus and Entertainment segments.
Other income, net for Q2 2023 amounted to RUB 9,020 million, up from other loss, net of RUB 6,105 million in Q2 2022. Other income/(loss), net includes foreign exchange gains of RUB 8,954 million in Q2 2023 and foreign exchange loss of RUB 5,903 million in Q2 2022. Foreign exchange gains and losses dynamics reflect changes of USD denominated monetary assets in our Russian subsidiaries on the back of the depreciation of the Russian ruble against the US dollar by 11% during Q2 2023 and the appreciation of the Russian ruble against the US dollar by 64% during Q2 2022.
Income tax expense for Q2 2023 was RUB 4,909 million, up from RUB 3,732 million in Q2 2022. Our effective tax rate of 25.1% in Q2 2023 was lower than 31.7% in Q2 2022. The Group’s income tax expense for interim periods is determined based on the tax rate effective during that period. The major factors influencing changes effective tax rates in Q2 2023 and Q2 2022 were: differences in foreign tax rates of our subsidiaries (including reduced tax rate in certain Russian subsidiaries), deferred tax asset valuation allowances, non-deductible SBC expenses, statutory expenses not deductible for income tax purposes, tax on dividends and tax provision recognized and the effects on debt relief income exemption and permanent difference both related to restructuring of convertible debt in Q2 2022.
Net income was RUB 14.6 billion in Q2 2023, compared with RUB 8.1 billion in Q2 2022. The changes were mainly attributable to growth of operational profitability and favourable foreign exchange gains and losses dynamics described above, as well as the gain on restructuring of convertible debt in Q2 2022.
Cash provided by operating activities was RUB 13.6 billion and cash paid for property and equipment, intangible assets and assets to be leased was RUB 24.2 billion for Q2 2023.
The total number of shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2023 was 361,482,282, including 325,783,607 Class A shares, 35,698,674 Class B shares, and one Priority share and excluding 558,663 Class A shares held in treasury.
There were also employee share options outstanding to purchase up to an additional 2.9 million shares, at a weighted average exercise price of $44.32 per share, 2.2 million of which were fully vested; equity-settled share appreciation rights (SARs) for 0.1 million shares, at a weighted average measurement price of $32.85, all of which were fully vested; restricted share units (RSUs) covering 9.0 million shares, of which RSUs to acquire 6.2 million shares were fully vested; and performance share units (PSUs) for 0.2 million shares. In addition, we have outstanding awards in respect of our various Business Units, including options and synthetic options, for 4.9 million shares, 2.4 million of which were fully vested and are settled in equity of our Business Units, cash or Yandex Class A shares.
ABOUT YANDEX
Yandex (NASDAQ and MOEX: YNDX) is a technology company registered in the Netherlands that builds intelligent products and services powered by machine learning. Our goal is to help consumers and businesses better navigate the online and offline world. Since 1997, we have delivered world-class, locally relevant search and navigation products, while also expanding into mobility, e-commerce, online entertainment, cloud computing and other markets to assist millions of consumers in Russia and a number of international markets. More information on Yandex can be found at https://ir.yandex/.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This press release contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. All statements contained in this press release other than statements of historical facts, including, without limitation, statements regarding our future financial