NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 - BUSINESS DESCRIPTION
Intuitive Machines, Inc. (formerly known as Inflection Point Acquisition Corp. or “IPAX”), collectively with its subsidiaries (the “Company,” “IM,” “Intuitive Machines,” “we,” “us” or “our”) designs, manufactures and operates space products and services. Intuitive Machines’ near-term focus is to create and operate space systems and space infrastructure on and in the vicinity of the Moon that enable scientific and human exploration and utilization of lunar resources to support sustainable human presence on the Moon and exploration to Mars and beyond. Intuitive Machines offers its customers the flexibility needed to pioneer a thriving and diverse lunar economy designed to enable a permanent presence in lunar orbit and on the lunar surface. IM is currently headquartered in Houston, Texas.
Intuitive Machines, Inc. was a blank check company originally incorporated on January 27, 2021 as a Cayman Islands exempted company for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses. On September 24, 2021, IPAX consummated an initial public offering, after which its securities began trading on the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”).
IPAX Business Combination
On September 16, 2022, IPAX entered into a certain Business Combination Agreement (the “Business Combination Agreement”) by and between IPAX and Intuitive Machines, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (formerly, a Texas limited liability company). On February 10, 2023, as contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement and described in the section titled “The Business Combination Proposal” of the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement of IPAX, dated January 24, 2023 and filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commissions (the “SEC”) on January 24, 2023, IPAX filed a notice of deregistration with the Cayman Islands Registrar of Companies, together with the necessary accompanying documents, and filed a certificate of incorporation and certificate of corporate domestication with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, pursuant to which IPAX was domesticated and continues as a Delaware corporation, changing its name to “Intuitive Machines, Inc.”
On February 13, 2023 (the “Closing Date” or “Closing”), Intuitive Machines, Inc. and Intuitive Machines, LLC consummated the previously announced business combination (the “Business Combination”) and related transactions (the “Transactions”) contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement. As a result of the Transactions, all of the issued and outstanding common units of Intuitive Machines, LLC were converted into common stock of Intuitive Machines, Inc. using an exchange ratio of 0.5562 shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc. common stock per each unit of Intuitive Machines, LLC common unit. In addition, Intuitive Machines, LLC’s share-based compensation plan and related share-based compensation awards were exchanged or converted, as applicable, with share-based compensation awards of Intuitive Machines, Inc.
In connection with the Transactions, the Company was reorganized into an Up-C structure, in which substantially all of the assets and business of the Company are held by Intuitive Machines, LLC and continue to operate through Intuitive Machines, LLC and its subsidiaries. Intuitive Machines, Inc. is a holding company whose only material asset is its equity ownership interests of Intuitive Machines, LLC. While Intuitive Machines, LLC became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Intuitive Machines, Inc. and Intuitive Machines, Inc. was appointed as its managing member, Intuitive Machines, LLC was deemed to be the acquirer in the Business Combination for accounting purposes. Accordingly, the Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization, in which case the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company represent a continuation of the Intuitive Machines, LLC and the issuance of common stock in exchange for the net assets of Intuitive Machines, Inc. was recorded at historical cost with no recognition of goodwill or other intangible assets. Operations prior to the Business Combination are those of Intuitive Machines, LLC. In addition, the number of shares subject to, and the exercise price of, the Company’s outstanding options were adjusted to reflect the Business Combination. The treatment of the Business Combination as a reverse recapitalization was based upon the pre-merger members of Intuitive Machines, LLC holding the majority of the voting interests of Intuitive Machines, Inc., Intuitive Machines, LLC’s existing management team serving as the initial management team of Intuitive Machines, Inc., Intuitive Machines, LLC’s appointment of the majority of the initial board of directors of Intuitive Machines, Inc., and the significance of Intuitive Machines, LLC’s operations prior to the Business Combination which represent the entirety of Company’s operations.
In connection with the Business Combination, approximately $34.1 million of cash held in trust, net of redemptions by IPAX’s public shareholders, became available for use by the Company as well as proceeds received from the contemporaneous sale of preferred stock in connection with the closing of a PIPE investment (the “PIPE” investment). In addition, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement, dated September 16, 2022 (the “Cantor Purchase
Agreement”) relating to an equity facility under which shares of newly issued Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A common stock may be sold to CF Principal Investments LLC (“CFPI”), at the Company’s discretion, up to the lesser of $50.0 million and the “exchange cap” specified therein, subject to certain customary conditions and limitations set for in the Cantor Purchase Agreement. Beginning on February 14, 2023, Intuitive Machines, Inc. shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class A Common Stock”) and warrants to purchase the Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share (the “Public Warrants”) began trading on Nasdaq under the symbols, “LUNR” and “LUNRW,” respectively.
See Note 3 - Business Combination and Related Transactions for additional information.
NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
The Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim reporting and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations relating to interim financial statements. Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Intuitive Machines, the accounts of Intuitive Aviation Inc. (“IA” or “Intuitive Aviation”), a wholly owned subsidiary, Space Network Solutions, LLC (“SNS” or “Space Network Solutions”) a majority-owned subsidiary, and IX, LLC, a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which we are the primary beneficiary. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The December 31, 2022 balances reported herein are derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Intuitive Machines, LLC.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements of Intuitive Machines, LLC as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 contained in our Form 8-K/A dated March 30, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023. Management’s opinion is that all adjustments for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods have been made, and all adjustments are of a normal recurring nature or a description of the nature and amount of any adjustments other than normal recurring adjustments have been appropriately disclosed.
Emerging Growth Company
The Company is an emerging growth company (“EGC”), as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts EGCs from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company did not opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an EGC, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. The effective dates shown in this Note 2 below reflect the election to use the extended transition period.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience, other factors, including the current economic environment, and various other judgments that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. The Company adjusts such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Changes in those estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the financial statements in future reporting periods.
Segment Reporting
Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”) in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. All of the Company’s assets are maintained in the United States. The Company has determined that it operates in one operating segment and one reportable segment, as the CODM reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources and evaluating financial performance.
Concentration of Credit Risks
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. By their nature, all such financial instruments involve risks, including the credit risk of nonperformance by counterparties.
The majority of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents are held at major financial institutions. Certain account balances exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits of $250,000 per account. The Company generally does not require collateral to support the obligations of the counterparties and cash levels held at banks are more than federally insured limits. The Company limits its exposure to credit loss by maintaining its cash and cash equivalents with highly rated financial institutions. The Company has not experienced material losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents.
The Company monitors the creditworthiness of its customers to whom it grants credit terms in the normal course of its business. The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable based on known collection risks and historical experience. In circumstances where the Company is aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations to the Company (e.g., bankruptcy filings, substantial downgrading of credit ratings), the Company records a specific allowance for expected credit losses against amounts to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount it reasonably believes will be collected and revenue recognition is deferred until the amount is collected and the contract is completed. For all other customers, the Company records allowances for credit losses based on the specific analysis of the customer’s ability to pay on an as needed basis.
Major customers are defined as those individually comprising more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, there was one major customer that accounted for 74% and 78%, respectively, of the Company’s total revenue. The largest customer did not have any accounts receivable as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Two other customers accounted for 29% and 13% as of March 31, 2023, and 35% and 14% of the accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2022.
Major suppliers are defined as those individually comprising more than 10% of the annual goods or services purchased. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 the Company had two major supplier representing 63% and 11% of goods and services purchased. The largest supplier accounted for 93% of goods and services purchased for the three months ended March 31, 2022. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the largest supplier represented 6% and 21%, respectively, of the accounts payable balance.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2023 and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, and related notes were prepared on the basis of a going concern, which contemplates that the Company will be able to realize assets and discharge liabilities in the normal course of business.
As of March 31, 2023, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $46.8 million and a working capital deficit of $42.5 million. The Company has historically funded its operations through internally generated cash on hand, proceeds from sales of its capital stock including the execution of SAFE agreements, and proceeds from the issuance of bank debt. As further described in Note 1 - Business Description, on February 13, 2023, the Company received approximately $34.1 million of gross proceeds to fund operations as a result of the Business Combination with IPAX. Additionally, in connection with the Business Combination, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement relating to an equity facility under which the Company may direct the counterparty, at its discretion, to purchase up to the lesser of $50.0 million of newly issued Class A common stock and the “exchange cap” specified therein, subject to certain customary conditions and limitations set forth in the agreement. Subsequent to the Closing of the Business Combination, the Company received $12.7 million in cash associated with the termination of a forward purchase agreement and $2.2 million in cash proceeds associated with warrant exercises.
Management believes that the cash available from the consummation of the Transactions will be sufficient to fund the short-term liquidity needs and the execution of the business plan through at least the twelve-month period from the date the financial statements are issued.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers cash, time deposits and other highly liquid investments purchased with an initial maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash consists of cash not readily available for general purpose cash needs. Restricted cash relates to cash held at commercial banks to support credit accounts. Restricted cash serving as collateral will be released upon full repayment of the credit account.
Transaction Costs
Transaction costs consists of direct legal, consulting, audit and other fees related to the consummation of the Business Combination and related transactions as described further in Note 3. These costs were initially capitalized as incurred and recorded as prepaid expenses in our condensed consolidated balance sheets and totaled zero and $5.3 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Upon the completion of the Business Combination, transaction costs directly related to the issuance of shares were netted against the proceeds from the merger and recorded as an offset in additional paid-in capital upon consummation of the transactions. Total transaction costs charged to additional paid in capital were approximately $24.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Approximately, $782 thousand in transaction costs were paid by Intuitive Machines, LLC during the first quarter of 2023 and $8.1 million in transaction costs were accrued in accounts payable in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2023. The remaining difference was paid by Intuitive Machines, LLC in 2022 or by IPAX prior to the Closing of the Business Combination.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses
Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and unbilled receivable, less an allowance for any potential expected uncollectible amounts and do not bear interest. The Company estimates allowance for credit losses based on the credit worthiness of each customer, historical collections experience and other information, including the aging of the receivables. The Company writes off accounts receivable against the allowance for credit losses when a balance is unlikely to be collected.
Prepayments and Other Current Assets
Prepaid and other current assets primarily consist of prepaid service fees, security deposits and other general prepayments.
Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment, net are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Property and equipment which are not in service are classified as construction-in-process.
Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives of assets:
| | | | | | | | |
| Asset | | Useful
Life |
| Leasehold improvements | | 1 – 7 years |
| Vehicles and trailers | | 3 – 5 years |
| Computers and software | | 3 years |
| Furniture and fixtures | | 5 years |
| Machinery and equipment | | 3 – 7 years |
Expenditures for maintenance and repairs that do not extend the useful lives of property and equipment are recognized as expenses when incurred. Upon retirement or sale of assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization is written off. No material gains or losses related to the sale of assets have been recognized in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets consist of property and equipment, net, and are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of the long-lived asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by comparing the carrying value of a long-lived asset to the future undiscounted cash flows that the long-lived asset is expected to generate from use and eventual disposition. An impairment loss will be recognized if the carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. No impairment charges were recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Earn-Out Liabilities
Unvested earn out units of Intuitive Machines, LLC (“Earn Out Units”) are classified as liability transactions at initial issuance which were offset against paid-in capital as of the closing of the Business Combination. At each period end, the Earn Out Units are remeasured to their fair value with the changes during that period recognized in other income (expense) on the condensed consolidated statement of operations. Upon issuance and release of the shares after each Triggering Event (as defined in Note 3) is met, the related Earn Out Units will be remeasured to fair value at that time with the changes recognized in other income (expense), and such Earn Out Units will be reclassed to shareholders’ equity (deficit) on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of the Closing Date, the Earn Out Units had a fair value of $99.7 million. As of March 31, 2023, the Earn Out Units had a fair value of $103.4 million, with the changes in the fair value between the Closing Date and March 31, 2023 of $3.7 million recognized as change in fair value of the earn-out liability under other income (expense) within the condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31, 2023, none of the Triggering Events had occurred.
Operating Lease Liabilities and Right-of-Use Assets
We determine whether a contract is or contains a lease when we have the right to control the use of the identified asset in exchange for consideration. Lease liabilities and right-of-use assets (“ROU assets”) are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. We use our incremental borrowing rate in the calculation of present value unless the implicit rate can be readily determined, however, none of our lease liabilities were determined using implicit rates. Certain leases include provisions for the renewal or termination. We only consider fixed payments and those options that are reasonably certain to be exercised in the determination of the lease term and the initial measurement of lease liabilities and ROU assets. Expense for operating lease payments is recognized as lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We do not separate lease and non-lease components of a contract. Operating lease ROU assets are presented within Operating lease right-of-use assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. See Note 6 - Leases for further disclosures and information on leases.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, trade receivables, trade payables, amounts receivable or payable to related parties and long-term debt. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, trade payables and receivables and payables from affiliates approximates fair value because of the short-term nature of the instruments. The fair value of debt approximates its carrying value because the cost of borrowing fluctuates based upon market conditions.
We utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. We estimate fair value based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market. When considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the following fair value hierarchy distinguishes between observable and unobservable inputs, which is categorized in one of the following levels:
•Level 1: Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
•Level 2: Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable; and
•Level 3: Significant inputs to the valuation model are unobservable.
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling interests represent the portion of Intuitive Machines, LLC that Intuitive Machines, Inc. controls and consolidates but does not own. The noncontrolling interests was created as a result of the Business Combination and represents 68,150,754 common units issued by Intuitive Machines, LLC to the prior investors. As of the Close of the Business Combination, Intuitive Machines, Inc. held an 18.8% interest in Intuitive Machines, LLC, with the remaining 81.2% interest held by Intuitive Machines, LLC’s prior investors. The prior investors’ interests in Intuitive Machines, LLC represents a redeemable noncontrolling interest. At its discretion, the members have the right to exchange their common units in Intuitive Machines, LLC (along with the cancellation of the paired shares of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock in Intuitive Machines, Inc.) for either shares of Class A Common Stock of Intuitive Machines, Inc. on a one-to-one basis or cash proceeds of equal value at the time of redemption. Any redemption of Intuitive Machines, LLC common units in cash must be funded through a private or public offering of Intuitive Machines, Inc.’s Class A Common Stock and is subject to Board of Director's ("Board") approval by Intuitive Machines, Inc. As of March 31, 2023, the prior investors of Intuitive Machines, LLC hold the majority of the voting rights on Intuitive Machines, Inc.’s Board.
As the redeemable noncontrolling interests are redeemable upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within the Company’s control, we classify our redeemable noncontrolling interests as temporary equity. The redeemable noncontrolling interests were initially measured at the Intuitive Machines, LLC prior investors’ share in the net assets of the Company upon consummation of the Business Combination. Subsequent remeasurements of the Company’s redeemable noncontrolling interests are recorded as a deemed dividend each reporting period, which reduces retained earnings, if any, or additional paid-in capital of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Remeasurements of the Company’s redeemable noncontrolling interests are based on the fair value of our Class A common stock.
General and Administrative Expense
General, selling, and administrative expenses consist of human capital related expenses for employees involved in general corporate functions, including executive management and administration, accounting, finance, tax, legal, information technology, marketing, and human resources; rent relating to the Company’s office space; professional fees and other general corporate costs. Human capital expenses primarily include salaries and benefits.
Revenue Recognition
Most of our revenue are from long-term contracts associated with the engineering services for the research, design, development, manufacturing, integration and sustainment of advanced technology aerospace systems. Revenue is measured based on the amount of consideration specified in a contract with a customer. Revenue is recognized when and as our performance obligations under the terms of the contract are satisfied which generally occurs with the transfer of services to the customer. For each long-term contract, we determine the transaction price based on the consideration expected to be received. We allocate the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation to deliver a good or service, or a collection of goods and/or services, based on the relative standalone selling prices.
Contract Combination
To determine the proper revenue recognition method for contracts, we evaluate whether two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as one single contract and whether the combined or single contract should be accounted for as more than one performance obligation. This evaluation requires judgment and the decision to combine a group of contracts or separate a combined or single contract into multiple performance obligations could change the amount of revenue and profit recorded in each period. Contracts are considered to have a single performance obligation if the promise to transfer the individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contracts primarily because we provide a significant service of integrating a complex set of tasks and components into a single project or capability.
Contract Types
The Company performs work under contracts that broadly consist of fixed-price, time and materials or a combination of the two. Pricing for all customers is based on specific negotiations with each customer.
For most of our business, where performance obligations are satisfied due to the continuous transfer of control to the customer, revenue is recognized over time. Where the customer contracts with us to provide a significant service of integrating a complex set of tasks and components into a single project or capability, those contracts are accounted for as single performance obligations. We recognize revenue generally using the cost-to-cost method, based primarily on contract costs incurred to date compared to total estimated contract costs at completion. This method is deemed appropriate in measuring performance towards completion because it directly measures the value of the goods and services transferred to
the customer. Billing timetables and payment terms on our contracts vary based on a few factors, including the contract type. Typical payment terms under fixed-price contracts provide that the customer pays either performance-based payment based on the achievement of contract milestones or progress payments based on a percentage of costs we incur.
For a small portion of our business, where we have the right to consideration from the customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value received by the customer based on our performance to date, revenue is recognized when services are performed and contractually billable. Under the typical payment terms of our services contracts, amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, either at periodic intervals (e.g., weekly, biweekly, or monthly) or upon achievement of contractual milestones.
Contract Costs
Contract costs include all direct materials, labor and subcontractor costs and an allocation of indirect costs related to contract performance. Customer-furnished materials are included in both contract revenue and cost of revenue when management concludes that the company is acting as a principal rather than as an agent. Revenue for uninstalled materials is recognized when the cost is incurred and control is transferred to the customer, which revenue is recognized using the cost-to-cost method. Certain costs associated with significant long-term service arrangements are capitalized and amortized across the life of the contract. Capitalized contract costs primarily relate to prepaid pre-launch integration and engineering services and launch services subcontracted with a third-party. Pre-launch integration and engineering services and launch services are capitalized and amortized over the term of the contract on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer of the goods and services to our end customer. Project mobilization costs are generally charged to the project as incurred when they are an integrated part of the performance obligation being transferred to the client. Costs to obtain a contract are expensed as incurred unless they are expected to be recovered from the customer.
Variable Consideration
It is common for our contracts to contain variable consideration in the form of award fees, incentive fees, performance bonuses, liquidated damages or penalties that may increase or decrease the transaction price. These variable amounts generally are awarded upon achievement of certain performance metrics, program milestones or targets and can be based on customer discretion. We estimate the amount of variable consideration based on a weighted probability or the most likely amount to which we expect to be entitled. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price when it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur or when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Our estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include such amounts in the transaction price are based largely on our assessment of legal enforceability, anticipated performance, and any other information (historical, current or forecasted) that is reasonably available to us.
Contract Estimates and Modifications
Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on many of our performance obligations, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is complex and subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. As a significant change in estimated total revenue and cost could affect the profitability of our contracts, we routinely review and update our contract-related estimates through a disciplined project review process in which management reviews the progress and execution of our performance obligations and the estimate at completion. As part of this process, management reviews information including, but not limited to, outstanding contract matters, progress towards completion, program schedule and the associated changes in estimates of revenue and costs. Management must make assumptions and estimates regarding the availability and productivity of labor, the complexity of the work to be performed, the availability and cost of materials, the performance of subcontractors and the availability and timing of funding from the customer, along with other risks inherent in performing services under all contracts where we recognize revenue over time using the cost-to-cost method.
We typically recognize changes in contract estimates on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the changes are identified. Such changes in contract estimates can result in the recognition of revenue in a current period for performance obligations which were satisfied or partially satisfied in prior period. Changes in contract estimates may also result in the reversal of previously recognized revenue if the current estimate differs from the previous estimate. If at any time the estimate of contract profitability indicates an anticipated loss on the contract, we recognize the total loss in the period it is identified.
Contracts are often modified to account for changes in contract specifications and requirements. Most of our contract modifications are for goods or services that are not distinct from existing contracts due to the significant integration provided in the context of the contract and are accounted for as if they were part of the original contract. The effect of a
contract modification on the transaction price and our measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates, is recognized as an adjustment to revenue (either as an increase in or a reduction of revenue) on a cumulative catch-up basis. We account for contract modifications prospectively when the modification results in the promise to deliver additional goods or services that are distinct and the increase in price of the contract is for the same amount as the stand-alone selling price of the additional goods or services included in the modification.
Unbilled Receivables and Deferred Revenue
Billing practices are governed by the contract terms of each project based upon costs incurred, achievement of milestones or predetermined schedules. Billings do not necessarily correlate with revenue recognized over time using the cost-to-cost method. Unbilled receivables (contract assets) include unbilled amounts typically resulting from revenue under long-term contracts when the cost-to-cost method of revenue recognition is utilized, and revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer. Deferred revenue (contract liabilities) consists of advance payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized. Our unbilled receivables and deferred revenue are reported in a net position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.
The payment terms of our contracts from time to time require the customer to make advance payments as well as interim payments as work progresses. The advance payment generally is not considered to contain a significant financing component as we expect to recognize those amounts in revenue within a year of receipt as work progresses on the related performance obligation.
Income Taxes
Intuitive Machines
Intuitive Machines, Inc. is a corporation and thus is subject to United States (“U.S.”) federal, state and local income taxes. Intuitive Machines, LLC is a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and therefore does not pay United States federal income tax. Instead, the Intuitive Machines, LLC unitholders, including Intuitive Machines, Inc., are liable for U.S. federal income tax on their respective shares of Intuitive Machines, LLC’s taxable income. Intuitive Machines, LLC is liable for income taxes in those states which tax entities classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes for the Company. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and net operating loss (“NOL”) and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in income tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. The realizability of deferred tax assets is evaluated quarterly based on a “more likely than not” standard and, to the extent this threshold is not met, a valuation allowance is recorded.
The Company follows the guidance of ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. Interest and penalties associated with tax positions are recorded in the period assessed as general and administrative expenses. The open tax years for the tax returns generally include 2019 through 2021 for state and federal reporting purposes.
Tax Receivable Agreement
In conjunction with the consummation of the Transactions, Intuitive Machines, Inc. entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement (the “TRA”) with Intuitive Machines, LLC and certain Intuitive Machines, LLC members (the “TRA Holders”). Pursuant to the TRA, Intuitive Machines, Inc. is required to pay the TRA Holders 85% of the amount of cash tax savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, and local income tax that are based on, or measured with respect to, net income or profits, and any interest related thereto that Intuitive Machines, Inc. realizes, or is deemed to realize, as a result of certain tax attributes, including (A) existing tax basis of certain assets of Intuitive Machines, LLC and its subsidiaries, (B) tax basis adjustments resulting from taxable exchanges of Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units acquired by Intuitive Machines, Inc., (C) certain tax benefits realized by Intuitive Machines, Inc. as a result of the Business Combination, and (D) tax deduction in respect of portions of certain payments made under the TRA. All such payments to the TRA Holders are the obligations of the Intuitive Machines, Inc., and not that of Intuitive Machines, LLC. As of March 31, 2023, there have been no exchanges of Intuitive Machines, LLC units for Class A common stock of the Intuitive Machines, Inc. and, accordingly, no TRA liabilities currently exist.
See Note 3 - Business Combination and Related Transactions for further description of the TRA.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share (“EPS”)
The Company reports both basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding and excludes the dilutive effect of warrants, stock options, and other types of convertible securities. Diluted earnings per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding and the dilutive effect of stock options, warrants and other types of convertible securities are included in the calculation. Dilutive securities are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation if their effect is anti-dilutive, such as in periods where a net loss has been reported.
Prior to the Business Combination, the membership structure of Intuitive Machines, LLC included membership units. In conjunction with the Closing of the Business Combination, the Company effectuated a recapitalization whereby all membership units were converted to common units of Intuitive Machines, LLC and Intuitive Machines, Inc. implemented a revised class structure including Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Class A Common Stock”) having one vote per share and economic rights, Class B Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Class B Common Stock”) having one vote per share and no economic rights, and Class C Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Class C Common Stock”) having three votes per share and no economic rights. The Company has determined that the calculation of loss per unit for periods prior to the Business Combination would not be meaningful to the users of these condensed consolidated financial statements. As a result, loss per share information has not been presented for periods prior to the Business Combination on February 13, 2023.
Share-Based Compensation
We recognize all share-based awards to employees and directors as share-based compensation expense based upon their fair values on the date of grant.
We estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense during the requisite service periods. We have estimated the fair value for each option award as of the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model considers, among other factors, the expected life of the award and the expected volatility of our share price. We recognize the share-based compensation expense over the requisite service period using the straight-line method for service condition only awards, which is generally a vesting term of five years. Forfeitures are accounted for in the period in which they occur and reverses any previously recognized compensation cost associated with forfeited awards.
Other Current Liabilities
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31,
2023 | | December 31,
2022 |
Financing obligation, current (see Note 6 - Leases) | $ | 14,582 | | | $ | 9,117 | |
| Payroll accruals | 3,158 | | | 2,117 | |
| Income tax liability | 3,210 | | | — | |
| Professional fees accruals | 956 | | | 3,677 | |
| Other accrued liabilities | 351 | | | 267 | |
| Other current liabilities | $ | 22,257 | | | $ | 15,178 | |
NOTE 3 - BUSINESS COMBINATION AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
On February 13, 2023 as contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement, Intuitive Machines, Inc. and Intuitive Machines, LLC consummated the Business Combination, whereby: (i) Intuitive Machines, LLC appointed Intuitive Machines, Inc. as its managing member; (ii) Intuitive Machines, Inc. issued to certain existing members of Intuitive Machines, LLC, 10,566 shares of Intuitive Machines Class B Common Stock having one vote per share and no economic rights, or 68,140,188 shares of Class C Common Stock having three votes per share and no economic rights, in each case, in exchange for payment from such Intuitive Machines, LLC members of a per-share price equal to the par value per share of such stock, and equal to the number of Intuitive Machines, LLC common units held by such person as of and on the
Closing Date; (iii) Intuitive Machines, Inc. contributed to Intuitive Machines, LLC an amount in cash of $8.1 million, net of transaction costs, in exchange for certain units in Intuitive Machines, LLC; and (iv) the other transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement (the “Transactions”) were consummated as further described below.
Intuitive Machines, LLC Conversion and Recapitalization
In connection with the Business Combination, Intuitive Machines, LLC changed its jurisdiction of organization from Texas to Delaware. Immediately prior to the Closing, Intuitive Machines, LLC effectuated the recapitalization whereby all outstanding equity securities of Intuitive Machines, LLC were converted into common units of Intuitive Machines, LLC (“Intuitive Machines, LLC common units”), options to purchase Intuitive Machines, LLC common units (“Intuitive Machines, LLC options”) and unvested earn out units of Intuitive Machines, LLC (“Earn Out Units”).
Consideration and Structure
As a result of the Up-C structure, the Business Combination consideration received by Intuitive Machines, LLC members consisted of securities of both Intuitive Machines, LLC having economic rights but not voting rights and Intuitive Machines, Inc. having voting rights but not economic rights equal to a value of approximately $700.0 million. In particular, the Business Combination consideration received by the Intuitive Machines, LLC members comprised of an aggregate of (a) (i) 68,155,203 Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units, (ii) 1,874,719 Intuitive Machines, LLC Options and (iii) 10,000,000 Earn Out Units and (b) (i) 15,015 shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class B Common Stock (excluding 1,873,307 shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class B Common Stock reserved for issuance upon exercise of Intuitive Machines, LLC Options) and (ii) 68,140,188 shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class C Common Stock (excluding 10,000,000 shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class C Common Stock reserved for issuance upon vesting of the Earn Out Units).
The 10,000,000 Earn Out Units received by the applicable Intuitive Machines, LLC Members are subject to vesting and will be earned, released and delivered upon satisfaction of the following milestones: (i) 2,500,000 Earn Out Units will vest if, during the Earn Out Period (as defined below), Intuitive Machines is awarded the OMES III Contract by NASA (“Triggering Event I”), (ii) 5,000,000 Earn Out Units will vest if, within the Earn Out Period, Triggering Event I occurs and the volume weighted average closing sale price of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A Common Stock equals or exceeds $15.00 per share (“Triggering Event II-A”), (iii) 7,500,000 Earn Out Units will vest if, within the Earn Out Period, Triggering Event I has not occurred and the volume weighted average closing sale price of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A Common Stock equals or exceeds $15.00 per share (“Triggering Event II-B”), and (iv) 2,500,000 Earn Out Units will vest if, within the Earn Out Period, Triggering Event III occurs the volume weighted average closing sale price of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A Common Stock equals or exceeds $17.50 per share (“Triggering Event III”), provided, that Triggering Event II-A and Triggering Event II-B may not both be achieved. “Earn Out Period” means (i) with respect to Triggering Event I, the time period beginning on September 16, 2022 and ending at 11:59 pm ET on December 31, 2023, and (ii) with respect to Triggering Event II-A, Triggering Event II-B and Triggering Event III, the time period beginning on the date that is 150 days following the Closing Date and ending on the date that is the five (5) year anniversary of the Closing Date. If a Change of Control (as defined in the Business Combination Agreement) occurs during the Earn Out Period that results in the holders of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A Common Stock receiving a per share price greater than or equal to $15.00 or $17.50, respectively, then immediately prior to the consummation of such Change of Control, to the extent not previously triggered, then Triggering Event II-A or Triggering Event II-B will be deemed to have occurred, as applicable, and the applicable Earn Out Units shall vest.
After the expiration of the applicable lock-up period, holders of certain Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units will be permitted to exchange such Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units (along with the cancellation of the paired share of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class B Common Stock or share of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class C Common Stock) for shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis pursuant to the second amended and restated limited liability company agreement of Intuitive Machines, LLC (the “Second A&R Operating Agreement”) (subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends and reclassifications) or, at the election of Intuitive Machines, Inc. (determined by a majority of the directors of Intuitive Machines, Inc. who are disinterested with respect to such determination), cash from a substantially concurrent public offering or private sale in an amount equal to the net amount, on a per share basis, of cash received as a result of such public offering or private sale.
Upon the vesting of any Earn Out Units, each of the applicable Intuitive Machines, LLC Members will be issued (i) by Intuitive Machines, LLC an equal number of Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units and (ii) by Intuitive Machines, Inc. an equal number of shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class C Common Stock, in exchange for surrender of the applicable Earn Out Units and the payment to Intuitive Machines, Inc. of a per-share price equal to the par value per share of the Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class C Common Stock. Upon the exercise of any Intuitive Machines, LLC Option, (i) Intuitive Machines, LLC will issue to the exercising holder such number of Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units to be received by such exercising holder as a result of such exercise and (ii) Intuitive Machines, Inc. will issue to the exercising holder an
equal number of shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class B Common Stock, in exchange for the payment to Intuitive Machines, Inc. of a per-share price equal to the par value per share of the Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class B Common Stock.
The Series A Investment
On September 16, 2022, concurrently with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, the Intuitive Machines, Inc. entered into a purchase agreement (the “Series A Purchase Agreement”) with Kingstown 1740 (an existing security holder of the Intuitive Machines, Inc. and an affiliate of IPAX’s sponsor, Inflection Point Holdings LLC (the “Sponsor”) and Ghaffarian Enterprises, LLC (an affiliate of Kamal Ghaffarian, an Intuitive Machines, LLC founder) (collectively, the “Series A Investors”), pursuant to which, and on the terms and subject to the conditions of which, Intuitive Machines, Inc. agreed to issue and sell to the Series A Investors (i) an aggregate of 26,000 shares of 10% Series A Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) which will be convertible into shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A common stock in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of 10% Series A Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Certificate of Designation”) and (ii) warrants to purchase 541,667 shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A Common Stock at an initial exercise price of $15.00 per share, subject to adjustment (the “Preferred Investor Warrants”).
In conjunction with the closing, the Company received proceeds of $26.0 million and issued 26,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and 541,667 Preferred Investor Warrants. The Series A Preferred Stock and Preferred Investor Warrants each represent freestanding financial instruments. The Series A Preferred Stock is not a mandatorily redeemable financial and is redeemable at the option of the Series A Investors. The Series A Preferred Stock was recorded as Series A preferred stock subject to possible redemption and classified as temporary equity pursuant to ASC 480-10-S99. The Preferred Investor Warrants were classified as equity. The $26.0 million in proceeds received were allocated to the Series A Preferred Stock and Preferred Investor Warrants based on the relative fair value of the instruments at closing.
Tax Receivable Agreement
Intuitive Machines, Inc. entered into a tax receivable agreement (the “Tax Receivable Agreement”) with Intuitive Machines, LLC and certain Intuitive Machines, LLC Members (the “TRA Holders”) at Closing. Pursuant to the TRA, Intuitive Machines, Inc. will generally be required to pay the TRA Holders 85% of the amount of the cash tax savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, and local taxes that are based on, or measured with respect to, net income or profits, and any interest related thereto that Intuitive Machines, Inc. (and applicable consolidated, unitary, or combined subsidiaries thereof, if any realizes, or is deemed to realize, as a result of certain tax attributes (the “Tax Attributes”), including:
•existing tax basis in certain assets of Intuitive Machines, LLC and certain of its direct or indirect subsidiaries, including assets that will eventually be subject to depreciation or amortization, once placed in service;
•tax basis adjustments resulting from taxable exchanges of Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units (including any such adjustments resulting from certain payments made by Intuitive Machines, Inc. under the TRA) acquired by Intuitive Machines, Inc. from a TRA Holder pursuant to the terms of the Second A&R Operating Agreement;
•certain tax benefits realized by Intuitive Machines, Inc. as a result of certain U.S. federal income tax allocations of taxable income or gain away from Intuitive Machines, Inc. and to other members of Intuitive Machines, LLC and deductions or losses to Intuitive Machines, Inc. and away from other members of Intuitive Machines, LLC, in each case as a result of the Business Combination; and
•tax deductions in respect of portions of certain payments made under the TRA.
Under the terms of the TRA, Intuitive Machines, Inc. will make payments to the TRA Holders in respect of 85% of the cash tax savings resulting from the net tax benefit of certain Tax Attributes. However, until a TRA Holder exchanges at least 5% of its Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units, Intuitive Machines, Inc. will hold such payments applicable to existing basis until the TRA Holder satisfies such threshold exchange. As of March 31, 2023, no TRA Holder had exchanged at least 5% of its Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units. Future exchanges will result in incremental tax attributes and potential cash tax savings for Intuitive Machines, Inc. Depending on Intuitive Machines, Inc.’s assessment on realizability of such Tax Attributes, the arising TRA liability will be recorded through income.
Equity Facility
On September 16, 2022, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement (the “Cantor Purchase Agreement”), dated September 16, 2022, with CF Principal Investments LLC (“CFPI”) relating to an equity facility under which shares of newly issued Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A Common Stock may be sold to CFPI by Intuitive Machines, Inc. Pursuant to the terms of the Cantor Purchase Agreement, Intuitive Machines, Inc. will have the right, but not the
obligation, from time to time at its sole discretion, until the first day of the month following the 18-month period from and after the Commencement (as defined in the Cantor Purchase Agreement), to direct CFPI to purchase up to the lesser of (i) $50.0 million of newly issued Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A Common Stock and (ii) the Exchange Cap, by delivering written notice to CFPI prior to the commencement of trading on any trading day, subject to certain customary conditions and limitations set forth in the Cantor Purchase Agreement. In connection with the execution of the Cantor Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to issue 100,000 shares (the “Commitment Shares”) of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A Common Stock to CFPI. The Company entered into a registration rights agreement with CFPI, pursuant to which it agreed to register for resale, pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, the shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class A Common Stock that are sold to CFPI under the equity facility and the Commitment Shares.
As of March 31, 2023, the Commitment Shares have not been issued and no shares of Class A Common Stock have been sold to CFPI under the Cantor Purchase Agreement.
Forward Purchase Agreements
Prior to the closing of Business Combination, the Company entered into forward purchase agreements with two separate counterparties pursuant to which each counterparty agreed to purchase 1,250,000 shares of Class A Common Stock from shareholders who had previously tendered such shares for redemption but agreed to reverse their redemption and sell such shares to the counterparties at the redemption price of approximately $10.19 per share. The Company prepaid approximately $25.5 million to the counterparties at the closing of the Business Combination to secure its purchase obligation to repurchase the 2,500,000 shares at the redemption price per share on the option expiration date that was one month after closing of the Business Combination. The forward purchase agreements were accounted for as a prepaid asset and marked to fair value through earnings each period until the agreements were terminated or expired. The Company paid transaction fees to the counterparties totaling $750 thousand which was recorded as general and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023.
On February 23, 2023, one of the counterparties exercised their right to optional early termination of the forward purchase agreement for 1,250,000 shares and returned approximately $12.7 million in cash to the Company resulting in an immaterial net loss on termination for the three months ended March 31, 2023. On March 8, 2023, the remaining forward purchase agreement expired resulting in the Company’s repurchase of 1,250,000 shares resulting in a net gain on settlement of the agreement of approximately $93 thousand recorded in other income (expense) for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The repurchased Class A shares were recorded as treasury stock upon expiration of the forward purchase agreement in the amount of $12.8 million based on a stock price of $10.26 per share on the date of repurchase.
NOTE 4 - REVENUE
Disaggregated Revenue
We disaggregate our revenue from contracts with customers by contract type. The following tables provide information about disaggregated revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | | | | 2023 | | 2022 |
| Revenue by Contract Type | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Fixed price | | | | | | | | | $ | 16,595 | | | 91 | % | | $ | 16,468 | | | 89 | % |
| Time and materials | | | | | | | | | 1,641 | | | 9 | % | | 2,003 | | | 11 | % |
| Total | | | | | | | | | $ | 18,236 | | | 100 | % | | $ | 18,471 | | | 100 | % |
Contract Assets and Liabilities
Contract assets primarily relate to deferred contract costs for subcontracted launch services, as well as work completed not yet billed for performance obligations that are satisfied over time. Deferred contract costs and unbilled receivables are recorded contract assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Contract assets related to deferred contract costs are amortized straight-line across the life of the long-term service arrangement. Contract assets related to work completed for performance obligations that are satisfied over time are transferred to receivables when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. Contract liabilities relate to billings or consideration received in advance of performance (obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer) under the contract as well as provisions for loss contracts. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when the performance obligation has been performed. Current deferred revenue and provisions for loss contracts are recorded in current contract liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Long-term deferred
revenue and provisions for loss contracts are recorded in long-term contract liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The following table presents contract assets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31,
2023 | | December 31,
2022 |
| Contract Assets | | | |
| Deferred contract costs | $ | 11,051 | | | $ | 6,633 | |
| Unbilled receivables | 655 | | | 346 | |
| Total | $ | 11,706 | | | $ | 6,979 | |
For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, amortization expense associated with deferred contract costs for subcontracted launch services is recorded in cost of revenue and was $9.9 million and $11.8 million, respectively.
The following table presents contract liabilities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31,
2023 | | December 31,
2022 |
| | | |
| Contract liabilities – current | | | |
| Deferred revenue | $ | 33,170 | | | $ | 39,831 | |
| Contract loss provision | 10,385 | | | 10,120 | |
| Accrued launch costs | 6,514 | | | 6,705 | |
| Total contract liabilities – current | 50,069 | | | 56,656 | |
| Contract liabilities – long-term | | | |
| | | |
| Contract loss provision | 635 | | | 2,188 | |
| Total contract liabilities – long-term | 635 | | | 2,188 | |
| Total contract liabilities | $ | 50,704 | | | $ | 58,844 | |
Revenue recognized from amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period was $15.8 million and $9.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Loss Contracts
Contract losses are a result of constraining variable consideration and estimated contract costs exceeding current contract price. The Company experiences favorable or unfavorable changes to contract losses from time to time due to changes in estimated contract costs and modifications that result in changes to contract price. In the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded $6.7 million and $2.4 million in net losses, respectively, related to contracts with customers.
As of March 31, 2023, the status of these loss contracts were as follows:
•The first contract, for lunar payload services, became a loss contract in 2019 due to the constraint of variable consideration. Variable consideration has been constrained to $0 from a total potential amount of $8.1 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, changes in estimated contract costs resulted in an additional $5.4 million and $2.4 million contract loss, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, and 2022, this contract was approximately 97% complete and 86% complete, respectively. The contract is anticipated to be 100% complete as of September 30, 2023. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the reserve for estimated contract losses recorded in contract liabilities, current in our condensed consolidated balance sheets was $0.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively.
•The second contract, for lunar payload services, became a loss contract in 2021 due to the constraint of variable consideration and estimated contract costs exceeding current contract price. Variable consideration has been constrained to $0 from a total potential amount of $7.8 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, changes in estimated contract costs resulted in an additional $0.2 million and $0 in contract loss, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, and 2022, this contract was approximately 40% complete and 10% complete, respectively. The contract is anticipated to be 100% complete as of June 30, 2024. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the reserve for estimated contract losses recorded $8.2 million and $7.7 million, respectively, contract liabilities, current and $0.6 million and $2.2 million, respectively, in contract liabilities, non-current in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
•The third contract, for lunar payload services, became a loss contract in 2022 due to the constraint of variable consideration and estimated contract costs exceeding current contract price. Variable consideration has been constrained to $0 from a total potential amount of $8.4 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, changes in estimated contract costs resulted in an additional $0.9 million and $0 contract loss, respectively. As of March 31, 2023 this contract was approximately 78% complete. This contract is anticipated to be 100% complete as of May 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the reserve for estimated contract losses recorded in contract liabilities, current in our condensed consolidated balance sheets was $1.6 million and $1.9 million, respectively.
•The remaining loss contracts are individually and collectively immaterial.
Remaining Performance Obligations
Remaining performance obligations represent the remaining transaction price of firm orders for which work has not been performed and excludes unexercised contract options. As of March 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining fixed price performance obligations was $87.0 million. The Company expects to recognize revenue on approximately 75-80% of the remaining performance obligations over the next 9 months, 20-25% in 2024 and the remaining thereafter. Remaining performance obligations do not include variable consideration that was determined to be constrained as of March 31, 2023.
For time and materials contracts, we have adopted the practical expedient that allows us to recognize revenue based on our right to invoice; therefore, we do not report unfulfilled performance obligations for time and materials agreements.
NOTE 5 - PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31,
2023 | | December 31,
2022 |
| Leasehold improvements | $ | 1,544 | | | $ | 1,544 | |
| Vehicles and trailers | 129 | | | 129 | |
| Computers and software | 1,739 | | | 1,673 | |
| Furniture and fixtures | 794 | | | 794 | |
| Machinery and equipment | 2,349 | | | 2,211 | |
| Construction in progress | 26,109 | | | 17,747 | |
| Property and equipment, gross | 32,664 | | | 24,098 | |
| Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | (3,219) | | | (2,922) | |
| Property and equipment, net | $ | 29,445 | | | $ | 21,176 | |
Total depreciation related to property and equipment for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $296 thousand and $248 thousand, respectively.
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company pledged property and equipment with net book value of approximately $28.6 million and $20.3 million, respectively, as security for its Credit Mobilization Facility with Live Oak Bank.
As of March 31, 2023, construction in progress includes $17.4 million of construction costs for a lunar operations center as further described in Note 6 - Leases as well as $7.9 million of costs associated with the fabrication of a commercial communications satellite. The Company capitalized interest in connection with construction in progress of $173 thousand and $31 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
NOTE 6 - LEASES
The Company leases real estate for office space and for administrative, research, marketing and light manufacturing operations of the lessee’s aerospace related research and development business under operating leases. There are no finance leases.
The Company has six real estate leases with lease terms ranging from 16 months to 250 months, some of which contain options to extend and some of which contain options to terminate the lease without cause at the option of lessee.
The Company’s real estate leasing agreements include terms requiring the Company to reimburse the lessor for its share of real estate taxes, insurance, operating costs and utilities which the Company accounts for as variable lease costs when incurred since the Company has elected to not separate lease and non-lease components, and hence are not included in the measurement of lease liability. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no significant variable lease costs. There are no restrictions or covenants imposed by any of the leases, and none of the Company’s leases contain material residual value guarantees.
In September 2021, the Company signed a ground lease agreement for the development of a lunar operations center that will serve as a production and testing facility of lunar lander components and other aerospace related operations. The facility is currently under construction, and the lessor will reimburse up to $40.0 million for certain costs incurred by the Company for design, construction, and development. The Company concluded that it was deemed the owner, for accounting purposes only, of the facility under build-to-suit lease accounting due to its involvement in the construction activities of the facility. Accordingly, the Company is accounting for the construction of the facility as a financing arrangement. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company has capitalized $17.4 million and $10.3 million of construction in progress, respectively, and a corresponding financing obligation of $14.6 million and $9.1 million, respectively. Upon completion of the construction project, the ground lease agreement will have an initial term of 20 years with four optional renewal periods of 5 years each. During the fourth quarter of 2022, construction was completed for a portion of the lunar operations center, and the Company took possession of the completed facility. Upon commencement of the lease, the Company determined that the facility qualified for sale and leaseback accounting, with the leaseback being classified as an operating lease. No gain or loss was recognized or deferred on the sale of the facility, as the fair value upon completion was determined to be equal to the carrying value. As of March 31, 2023, the Company recorded right-of-use assets of $3.0 million and corresponding lease liabilities of approximately $3.2 million. As of December 31, 2022, the Company recorded right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities of approximately $3.1 million.
In December 2022, the Company entered into an operating lease for additional office space. The lease commenced in January 2023 with a lease term of 8 months.
The components of total lease expense are as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | | | | 2023 | | 2022 |
| Operating lease cost | | | | | $ | 296 | | | $ | 133 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Total lease cost | | | | | $ | 296 | | | $ | 133 | |
The components of supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases are as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2023 | | 2022 |
| Cash paid (received) for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | | | |
| Cash flow from operating activities | $ | 239 | | | $ | 167 | |
| Weighted average lease term (months) | 155 | | 56 |
| Weighted average discount rate | 5.6 | % | | 6.0 | % |
The Company recorded $17.4 million and $10.3 million in property and equipment related to reimbursable leasehold improvement costs incurred as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
The operating lease ROU assets, current operating lease liabilities and non-current operating lease liabilities are disclosed in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The table below includes the estimated future undiscounted cash flows for operating leases as of March 31, 2023 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | |
| Year Ending December 31, | | Amount |
| Remainder of 2023 | | $ | 619 | |
| 2024 | | 916 | |
| 2025 | | 768 | |
| 2026 | | 706 | |
| 2027 | | 219 | |
| Thereafter | | 5,681 | |
| Total undiscounted lease payments | | $ | 8,909 | |
| Less: imputed interest | | 3,249 | |
| Present value of lease liabilities | | $ | 5,660 | |
NOTE 7 - DEBT
The following table summarizes our outstanding debt (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31,
2023 | | December 31,
2022 |
| Credit Mobilization Facility | $ | 20,000 | | | $ | 20,000 | |
| | | |
| | | |
| Less: deferred financing costs | (33) | | | (39) | |
| Less: current maturities | (16,099) | | | (16,098) | |
| Long-term debt, net of current maturities | $ | 3,868 | | | $ | 3,863 | |
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the weighted-average interest rate on short-term borrowings outstanding was 9.56% and 6.55%, respectively.
Live Oak Credit Mobilization Facility
On December 12, 2019, we entered into a loan agreement with Live Oak Banking Company which provided a $12.0 million Credit Mobilization Facility with a due date of December 12, 2022 and a $1.0 million line of credit with a due date of December 12, 2020. Both the Credit Mobilization Facility and line of credit bear interest (payable monthly) at a rate per annum equal to 6%. The Credit Mobilization Facility and line of credit are secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company. On December 8, 2020 the Company entered into a Loan Modification Agreement with Live Oak Banking Company which amended the terms of the line of credit, including decreasing the maximum principal from $1.0 million to $400 thousand, extending the maturity date from December 12, 2020 to December 10, 2021, and changing the interest rate from 6.0% to a variable interest rate at the prime rate, as published in the Wall Street Journal newspaper, plus 2.0%. On April 30, 2021, we entered into a commitment with Live Oak Banking Company which provided a $12.0 million contract mobilization credit facility with a loan maturity of November 15, 2022, which superseded the existing contract mobilization credit facility. On December 10, 2021, the line of credit expired. The Company had no balance outstanding at that time and did not renew the line of credit.
On July 14, 2022, we entered into the Second Amended and Restated Loan Agreement with Live Oak Banking Company which provided an $8.0 million mobilization credit facility with a loan maturity of July 14, 2024 and extended the maturity date of our existing $12.0 million mobilization credit facility to November 14, 2023. The $8.0 million mobilization credit facility requires early payment of principal upon the completion of certain mission milestones. If the milestones are completed, principal payments of $4.1 million and $3.9 million would be due prior to loan maturity in 2023 and 2024, respectively. The $12.0 million mobilization credit facility requires principal payments of $8.0 million on August 15, 2023 and $4.0 million on November 14, 2023. The mobilization credit facilities bear interest (payable monthly) at a rate per annum equal to the greater of (a) the prime rate, as published in the Wall Street Journal newspaper, plus 2.0% and (b) 5.0%. The mobilization credit facilities require the Company to meet certain financial and other covenants and are secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company. There was $20.0 million outstanding under the credit mobilization facilities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
NOTE 8 - INCOME TAXES
Intuitive Machines, Inc. is a corporation and thus is subject to United States (“U.S.”) federal, state and local income taxes. Intuitive Machines, LLC is a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and therefore does not pay United States federal income tax. Instead, the Intuitive Machines, LLC unitholders, including Intuitive Machines, Inc., are liable for U.S. federal income tax on their respective shares of Intuitive Machines, LLC’s taxable income. Intuitive Machines, LLC is liable for income taxes in those states which tax entities classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we recognized a combined U.S. federal and state expense/(benefit) for income taxes of $3.2 million and $0.0, respectively. The effective combined United States federal and state income tax rates were (15.9%) and 0.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. For three months ended March 31, 2023, our effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate of 21% primarily due to deferred taxes for which no benefit is being recorded and losses attributable to noncontrolling interest unitholders that are taxable on their respective share of taxable income. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, our effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate primarily due to Intuitive Machines, LLC's status as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
In conjunction with the consummation of the Transactions, Intuitive Machines, Inc. entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement (the “TRA”) with Intuitive Machines, LLC and certain Intuitive Machines, LLC members (the “TRA Holders”). Pursuant to the TRA, Intuitive Machines, Inc. is required to pay the TRA Holders 85% of the amount of cash tax savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, and local income tax that are based on, or measured with respect to, net income or profits, and any interest related thereto that Intuitive Machines, Inc. realizes, or is deemed to realize, as a result of certain tax attributes, including (A) existing tax basis of certain assets of Intuitive Machines, LLC and its subsidiaries, (B) tax basis adjustments resulting from taxable exchanges of Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units acquired by Intuitive Machines, Inc., (C) certain tax benefits realized by Intuitive Machines, Inc. as a result of the Business Combination, and (D) tax deduction in respect of portions of certain payments made under the TRA. All such payments to the TRA Holders are the obligations of the Intuitive Machines, Inc., and not that of Intuitive Machines, LLC. As of March 31, 2023, there have been no exchanges of Intuitive Machines, LLC units for Class A common stock of the Intuitive Machines, Inc. and, accordingly, no deferred tax assets subject to the TRA or TRA liabilities currently exist.
NOTE 9 - MEZZANINE EQUITY AND EQUITY
The condensed consolidated statements of shareholders’ deficit, mezzanine equity and noncontrolling interests reflect the reverse recapitalization and Business Combination as described in Note 1 - Business Description and Note 3 - Business Combination and Related Transactions. As Intuitive Machines, LLC was deemed to be the accounting acquirer in the Business Combination, all periods prior to the consummation of the Business Combination reflect the balances and activity of Intuitive Machines, LLC. The consolidated balances as of December 31, 2022 from the audited financial statements of Intuitive Machines, LLC as of that date and membership unit activity in the condensed consolidated statements of change in shareholders’ deficit, as well as mezzanine and noncontrolling interests, prior to the consummation of the Business Combination have not been retroactively adjusted.
Upon consummation of the Transactions, the Company’s capital stock consisted of (i) 8,243,750 shares of Class A Common Stock held by the Sponsor, (ii) 5,493,182 shares of Class A Common Stock issued to public shareholder, net of redemptions, (iii) 2,066,667 shares of Class A Common Stock issued as a result of the conversion of SAFE Agreements previously held by investors in Intuitive Machines, LLC, (iv) 10,566 shares of Class B Common Stock issued to Intuitive Machines, LLC Class B Unit holders, (v) 68,140,188 shares of Class C Common Stock issued to the Founders of Intuitive Machines, LLC, and (vi) 26,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued to PIPE investors. In addition, 10,000,000 Earn
Out Units were issued to the Intuitive Machines, LLC Founders representing contingently issuable shares of Class A Common Stock as further described in Note 3.
The table below reflects share information about the Company’s capital stock as of March 31, 2023.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Par Value | | Authorized | | Issued | | Treasury Stock | | Outstanding |
| Class A Common Stock | $ | 0.0001 | | | 500,000,000 | | 16,021,804 | | (1,250,000) | | 14,771,804 |
| Class B Common Stock | $ | 0.0001 | | | 100,000,000 | | 10,566 | | — | | 10,566 |
| Class C Common Stock | $ | 0.0001 | | | 100,000,000 | | 68,140,188 | | — | | 68,140,188 |
| Series A Preferred Stock | $ | 0.0001 | | | 25,000,000 | | 26,000 | | — | | 26,000 |
| Total shares as of March 31, 2023 | | | 725,000,000 | | 84,198,558 | | (1,250,000) | | 82,948,558 |
Class A Common Stock
Each holder of Class A Common Stock is entitled to one vote for each share of Class A Common Stock held of record in person or by proxy on all matters submitted to a vote of the holders of Class A Common Stock, whether voting separately as a class or otherwise. Class A Common Stock has rights to the economics of the Company and to receive dividend distributions, subject to applicable laws and the rights and preferences of holders of Series A Preferred Stock or any other series of stock having preference over or participation rights with Class A Common Stock. In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of Company, Class A Common Stock has rights to assets and funds of the Company available for distribution after making provisions for preferential and other amounts to the holders of Series A Preferred Sock or any other series of stock having preference over or participation rights with Class A Common Stock.
Class B Common Stock
Each holder of Class B Common Stock is entitled to one vote for each share of Class B Common Stock held of record in person or by proxy on all matters submitted to a vote of the holders of Class B Common Stock, whether voting separately as a class or otherwise. Class B Common Stock does not have rights to the economics of the Company nor to receive dividend distributions, except in limited circumstances. In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Company, Class B Common Stock holders are entitled to receive par value per share only. Class B Common Stock ownership is limited only to Intuitive Machines, LLC members in an amount not to exceed at any time the aggregate number of Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units held of record by such member.
Class C Common Stock
Each holder of Class C Common Stock is entitled to three votes for each share of Class C Common Stock held of record in person or by proxy on all matters submitted to a vote of the holders of Class C Common Stock, whether voting separately as a class or otherwise. Class C Common Stock does not have rights to the economics of the Company nor to receive dividend distributions, except in limited circumstances. In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Company, Class C Common Stock holders are entitled to receive par value per share only. Class C Common Stock ownership is limited only to Intuitive Machines, LLC Founders in an amount not to exceed at any time the aggregate number of Intuitive Machines, LLC Founder Common Units held of record by such founder. The Intuitive Machines, LLC Founders are Dr. Kamal Ghaffarian, Stephen A. Altemus and Timothy Crain and their permitted transferees.
Class B and C Common Stock Conversions to Class A Common Stock
After the expiration of the applicable lock-up Period, holders of certain Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units will be permitted to exchange their Intuitive Machines, LLC Common Units (along with the cancellation of the paired share of Class B Common Stock or share of Class C Common Stock) for shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis (subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends and reclassifications) or at the Company’s election (determined by a majority of our directors who are disinterested with respect to such determination), cash from a substantially concurrent public offering or private sale in an amount equal to the net amount, on a per share basis, of cash received as a result of such public offering or private sale.
Series A Preferred Stock (Mezzanine Equity)
The Series A Preferred Stock votes together with the Company’s Common Stock on an as-converted basis, except as required by law and under certain protective provisions. Each holder of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to cast the number of votes equal to the number of whole shares of Class A Common Stock into which the shares of Series A Preferred Stock are convertible. The Series A Preferred Stock pays dividends, semi-annually at the rate of 10% of the original price per share, plus the amount of previously accrued, but unpaid dividends, compounded semi-annually, and participates with our Common Stock on all other dividends. Accrued dividends may be paid (i) in cash, (ii) subject to satisfaction of certain equity conditions, in shares of Class A Common Stock or (iii) accumulated, compounded and added to the liquidation preference described below.
Upon any liquidation or deemed liquidation event, the holders of Series A Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive out of the available proceeds, before any distribution is made to holders of Common Stock or any other junior securities, an amount per share equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the Accrued Value (as defined in the Certificate of Designation) or (ii) such amount per share as would have been payable had all shares of Series A Preferred Stock been converted into Class A Common Stock immediately prior to the liquidation event.
Each share of Series A Preferred Stock will be convertible at the holder's option into shares of Class A Common Stock at an initial conversion ratio determined by dividing the Accrued Value (as defined in the Certificate of Designation) of such shares of Series A Preferred Stock by the conversion price of $12.00 per share subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms of the Certificate of Designation.
The Series A Preferred Stock shall be redeemable at the option of the holder commencing any time after the 5th year anniversary of the Closing at a price equal to the 100% of the sum of (i) original purchase price plus (ii) all accrued/declared but unpaid dividends.
The Series A Preferred Stock shall be redeemable at the Company’s option commencing any time (A) after the 3rd year anniversary of the Closing at a price equal to the 115% of the Accrued Value, (B) after the 4th anniversary of the Closing at a price equal to the 110% of the Accrued Value and (C) after the 5th anniversary of the Closing at a price equal to the 100% of the Accrued Value.
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
As of March 31, 2023, the prior investors of Intuitive Machines, LLC owns 82.2% of the common units of Intuitive Machines, LLC. The prior investors of Intuitive Machines, LLC have the right to exchange their common units in Intuitive Machines, LLC (along with the cancellation of the paired shares of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock in Intuitive Machines, Inc.) for shares of Intuitive Machines, Inc.’s Class A Common Stock on a one-to-one basis or cash proceeds for an equivalent amount. The option to redeem Intuitive Machines, LLC’s common units for cash proceeds must be approved by the Board of Intuitive Machines, Inc., which as of March 31, 2023, is controlled by the prior investors. The ability to put common units is solely within the control of the holder of the redeemable noncontrolling interests. If the prior investors elect the redemption to be settled in cash, the cash used to settle the redemption must be funded through a private or public offering of Class A Common Stock and subject to the Company’s Board approval.
The financial results of Intuitive Machines, LLC and its subsidiaries are consolidated with Intuitive Machines, Inc., with the redeemable noncontrolling interests' share of our net loss separately allocated.
NOTE 10 - WARRANTS AND SAFE AGREEMENTS
Public and Private Placement Warrants
In conjunction with the closing of the Business Combination, on February 13, 2023, the Company assumed a total of 23,332,500 warrants to purchase one share of the Company’s Class A Common Stock with an exercise price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. Of the warrants, 16,487,500 Public Warrants were originally issued in the IPAX initial public offering (the “IPO”) and 6,845,000 Private Placement Warrants were originally issued in a private placement in connection with the IPO. The Company evaluated the terms of the warrants and determined they meet the criteria in ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”, to be classified in shareholders’ equity upon issuance. The warrants became exercisable 30 days after the Closing of the Business Combination, and will expire five years after the Closing of the Business Combination.
The Private Placement Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants except that the Private Warrants may not, subject to certain limited exceptions, be transferred assigned or sold by the holders until 30 days after the Closing of the Business
Combination. The Public and Private Private Warrants do not entitle the holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a shareholder of the Company prior to exercise.
Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding warrants, in whole or in part, at a price of $0.01 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days prior written notice of redemption and if, and only if, the closing price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for adjustments to the number of shares issuable upon exercise pursuant to any anti-dilution adjustments) for any 20 days within a 30-trading day period ending three business days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders. The number of Class A Common Stock issuable on exercise of each warrant will be increased in proportion to certain increases in outstanding Class A Common Stock including any share capitalization payable, sub-division of shares or other similar events.
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, 218,205 Public Warrants were exercised resulting in the issuance of an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock. The Company received cash proceeds of approximately $2.2 million and recorded a warrant receivable for approximately $267 thousand included in prepaids and other current assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2023. The warrant receivable was collected by the Company in April 2023.
Series A Preferred Warrants
In conjunction with the issuance of Series A Preferred Stock at closing of the Business Combination, the Company issued 541,667 Series A Preferred Warrants (the “Preferred Warrants”) to purchase one share of the Company’s Class A Common Stock with an exercise price of $15.00, subject to adjustment. The Company evaluated the terms of the warrants and determined they meet the criteria to be classified in shareholders’ equity upon issuance.
The Preferred Warrants were immediately exercisable upon issuance and expire five years from the closing of the Business Combination. The Preferred Warrants include customary cash and cashless exercise provisions and may be exercised on a cashless basis if, at any time after the six month anniversary of the closing, there is not an effective registration statement with respect to the Class A Common Stock. The Preferred Warrants automatically exercise on a cashless basis at expiration. Other than the exercise price, the Preferred Warrants have the same terms and conditions as the Public Warrants. The Preferred Warrants do not entitle the holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a shareholder of the Company prior to exercise.
As of March 31, 2023, there have been no exercises of the Preferred Warrants.
SAFE Agreements
Prior to closing of the Business Combination, Intuitive Machines, LLC issued six SAFE Agreements in late 2021 and early 2022. The funds received upon issuance of the SAFE Agreements were used to fund operations. Pursuant to the guidance under ASC 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity,” management determined that the SAFE Agreements should initially be recorded as liabilities at fair value and subsequently remeasured at fair value with changes recognized in earnings until conversion at a qualifying financing event or termination of the SAFE Agreements. As of December 31, 2022, the SAFE Agreements had a fair value of $18.3 million recorded as a long term liability in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
As a result of closing of the Business Combination, the SAFE Agreements were converted into 2,066,667 shares of Class A Common Stock. At closing, the fair value of the SAFE Agreements was estimated at $20.7 million resulting in a change in fair value of SAFE Agreements of approximately $2.4 million recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023.
NOTE 11 - SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
2021 Unit Option Plan
On May 25, 2021, the Intuitive Machines, LLC’s board of directors adopted, and its members approved the 2021 Unit Option Plan (the “2021 Plan”). The 2021 Plan allowed the Intuitive Machines, LLC to grant incentive unit options (“Incentive Unit Options”) to purchase Class B unit interests. Pursuant to the 2021 Plan, up to 6,125,000 shares of Class B units were reserved for issuance, upon exercise of the aforementioned Incentive Unit Options made to employees, directors and consultants.
As a result of the Business Combination discussed in Note 3 - Business Combination and Related Transactions and per the terms of the Second Amended and Restated Intuitive Machines, LLC Operating Agreement, the unexpired and unexercised outstanding Incentive Unit Options at closing, whether vested or unvested, were proportionately adjusted using a conversion ratio of 0.5562 (rounded down to the nearest whole number of options). The exercise price of each option was adjusted accordingly. Each Incentive Unit Option continues to be subject to the terms and conditions of the 2021 Plan and will be exercisable for Class B Common Units of Intuitive Machines, LLC. When an option is exercised, the participant will receive Intuitive Machines, LLC Class B Common Units as well as Intuitive Machines, Inc. Class B Common Stock on a one-for-one basis. As a result of the conversions, there was no incremental compensation cost and the terms of the outstanding options, including fair value, vesting conditions and classification, were unchanged.
As of March 31, 2023, Intuitive Machines, LLC was authorized to issue a total of 1,835,335 Class B Common Units upon exercise of the Incentive Unit Options under the 2021 Plan. The following table provides a summary of the option activity under the 2021 Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2023:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Number of
Options | | Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price | | Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(Years) | | Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(000’s) |
| Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 | 1,865,094 | | $ | 2.93 | | | 8.90 | | |
| Granted | — | | — | | | | | |
| Exercised | (11,959) | | 1.80 | | | | | |
| Forfeited | (17,800) | | 1.80 | | | | | |
| Balance as of March 31, 2023 | 1,835,335 | | $ | 2.95 | | | 8.54 | | $ | 14,509,120 | |
Exercisable as of March 31, 2023 | 553,326 | | $ | 1.80 | | | 8.21 | | $ | 5,018,458 | |
Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the exercise price of the options and the estimated fair value of the Company’s units determined by our Board of Directors for each of the respective periods.
The following table provides a summary of weighted-average grant-date fair value of unit options under the 2021 Plan:
| | | | | |
| Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value |
| Non-vested as of December 31, 2022 | $ | 1.01 | |
| Granted | — | |
| Vested | 0.30 | |
| Forfeited | 2.18 | |
| Non-vested as of March 31, 2023 | $ | 1.30 | |
Share-based compensation expense was classified in the condensed consolidated statement of operations under general and administrative expense. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had $1.8 million in estimated unrecognized share-based compensation costs related to outstanding unit options that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.93 years.
Following the consummation of the Business Combination, no new awards will be granted under the 2021 Plan.
Intuitive Machines, Inc. 2023 Long Term Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2023 Plan”)
The 2023 Plan, which became effective in conjunction with Closing of the Business Combination, provides for the award to certain directors, officers, employees, consultants and advisors of the Company of incentive and nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards as well as cash-based awards and dividend equivalents, as determined, and subject to the terms and conditions established, by the Company’s Compensation Committee. Under the 2023 Plan, a maximum of 12,706,811 shares of Class A Common Stock are authorized to be issued. As of March 31, 2023, no awards have been granted under the 2023 Plan.
NOTE 12 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The following tables summarize the fair value of assets and liabilities that are recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 at fair value on a recurring basis.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2023 |
| Frequency of
Measurement | | Total | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
| Liabilities | | | | | | | | | |
| Earn-out liabilities | Recurring | | $ | 103,385 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 103,385 | |
| Total liabilities measured at fair value | | | $ | 103,385 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 103,385 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2022 |
| Frequency of
Measurement | | Total | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
| Liabilities | | | | | | | | | |
| SAFE Agreement liabilities | Recurring | | $ | 18,314 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 18,314 | |
| Total liabilities measured at fair value | | | $ | 18,314 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 18,314 | |
The following table provides a roll-forward of the Company’s Level 3 liabilities (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Earn-out liabilities | | SAFE Agreement liabilities |
| Balance, December 31, 2022 | $ | — | | | $ | 18,314 | |
| Additions | 99,659 | | | — | |
| Change in fair value | 3,726 | | | 2,353 | |
| Converted to equity | — | | | (20,667) | |
| Balance, March 31, 2023 | $ | 103,385 | | | $ | — | |
Earn-out Liabilities
The fair value of the earn-out liabilities as of March 31, 2023 was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation approach that modeled the triggering events including the probability of the Company being awarded the OMES III Contract by NASA and the simulated stock price of the Company over the maturity dates. The significant assumptions utilized in estimating the fair value of the earn-out liabilities include: (i) Intuitive Machines stock price of $10.80; (ii) a dividend yield of 0.0%; (iii) a risk-free rate of 3.61%; and (iv) expected volatility of 100%. The probability of the Company being awarded the OMES III contract was assumed at 60%.
In conjunction with the closing of the Business Combination on February 13, 2023, the fair value of the earn-out liabilities was estimated at $99.7 million. The significant assumptions utilized in estimating the fair value of the earn-out liabilities include: (i) Intuitive Machines stock price of $10.42; (ii) a dividend yield of 0.0%; (iii) a risk-free rate of 3.93%; and (iv) expected volatility of 100%. The probability of the Company being awarded the OMES III contract was assumed at 60%.
SAFE Agreements
Prior to the Business Combination described in Notes 1 and 3, the fair value of the SAFE Agreements under the equity financing scenario were estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation approach. The fair value of the SAFE Agreements under the liquidity event and dissolution event scenarios were estimated based on the present value of the purchase amount.
The unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s SAFE Agreements are the probabilities of future scenarios, volatility, discount rate and risk-free rate.
As of December 31, 2022, the probability of an equity financing was 45.0%, the probability of a liquidity event was 50.0% and the probability of a dissolution event was 5.0% As of December 31, 2022, the volatility utilized in the Monte Carlo simulation is 65.0%. The value under the liquidity event and dissolution event scenarios is based on the present value of the purchase amount. The present value factors are estimated based on a 18.7% discount rate based on venture capital rates of return for December 31, 2022. The periods in which the scenarios are expected to occur for the equity financing, liquidity event, and dissolution events are 0.5 year, 1 year, and 2 years, respectively as of December 31, 2022.
In conjunction with the closing of the Business Combination on February 13, 2023, the fair value of the SAFE Agreements was estimated at $20.7 million. The fair value was estimated using the 2,066,667 shares of Class A Common Stock issued to the SAFE investors at the Closing Date using the issuance price of $10.00 per share.
NOTE 13 - NET LOSS PER SHARE
Basic net loss per share of Class A Common Stock is computed by dividing net loss attributable to the Company during the period from February 13, 2023, or the Closing Date, to March 31, 2023 by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding for the same period.
Diluted net loss per share of Class A Common Stock is computed dividing net loss attributable to the Company, adjusted for the assumed exchange of all potentially dilutive securities, by the weighted average number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding during the same period adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive shares using the treasury stock method. Diluted net loss per share for all period presented is the same as basic net loss per share as the inclusion of the potentially issuable shares would be anti-dilutive.
Prior to the Business Combination, the membership structure of Intuitive Machines, LLC included membership units. In conjunction with the closing of the Business Combination, the Company effectuated a recapitalization whereby all membership units were converted to common units of Intuitive Machines, LLC and Intuitive Machines, Inc. implemented a revised class structure including Class A Common Stock having one vote per share and economic rights, Class B Common Stock having one vote per share and no economic rights, and Class C Common Stock having three votes per share and no economic rights. Shares of the Company’s Class B and Class C Common Stock do not participate in the earnings or losses of the Company and are therefore not participating securities. The Company has determined that the calculation of loss per unit for periods prior to the Business Combination would not be meaningful to the users of these condensed consolidated financial statements. Therefore, net loss per share information has not been presented for periods prior to the Business Combination on February 13, 2023. The basic and diluted net loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2023 represent only the period of February 13, 2023 to March 31, 2023.
The following table presents the computation of the basic and diluted loss per share of Class A common stock for the period of February 13, 2023 (the Closing Date) to March 31, 2023 (in thousands, except share data):
| | | | | | | |
| | | |
| Numerator | | | |
| Net loss for the period from February 13, 2023 through March 31, 2023 | | | $ | (17,696) | |
| Less: Net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests for the period from February 13, 2023 through March 31, 2023 | | | (8,336) | |
| Net loss for the period from February 13, 2023 through March 31, 2023 attributable to the Company | | | (9,360) | |
| Less: Cumulative preferred dividends | | | (328) | |
| Net loss for the period from February 13, 2023 through March 31, 2023 attributable to Class A common shareholders | | | $ | (9,688) | |
| Denominator | | | |
| Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding | | | 15,224,378 |
| Loss per share of Class A common stock - basic and diluted | | | $ | (0.64) | |
The following table summarizes the Company’s potentially dilutive securities that were excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share as their effect would be anti-dilutive or because of unsatisfied contingent issuance conditions.
| | | | | | | | |
| | Shares of
Class A Common Stock |
| Public Warrants | | 16,269,295 |
| Private Placement Warrants | | 6,845,000 |
| Series A Preferred Stock | | 2,193,973 |
| Series A Preferred Warrants | | 541,667 |
| Earn Out Units | | 10,000,000 |
| Stock Options under 2021 Plan | | 1,835,335 |
NOTE 14 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, the Company is a party to various lawsuits, claims and other legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company applies accounting for contingencies to determine when and how much to accrue for and disclose related to legal and other contingencies. Accordingly, the Company discloses contingencies deemed to be reasonably possible and accrues loss contingencies when, in consultation with legal advisors, it is concluded that a loss is probable and reasonably estimable. While the resolution of these legal proceedings and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes the outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
NOTE 15 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Intuitive Machines, Intuitive Aviation, and Space Network Solutions (“SNS”) have entered into recurring transaction agreements with certain related parties, including sales agreements and loan agreements.
Axiom Space, Inc.
For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had $0.1 million and $1.1 million, respectively, in revenue from Axiom Space, Inc. (“Axiom”) related to engineering services. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were $0.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively, of affiliate accounts receivable related to Axiom. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the affiliate accounts receivable balances were fully reserved. Kamal Ghaffarian, the Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors and one of the co-founders of Intuitive Machines, LLC is a co-founder and current member of management at Axiom. Revenue related to Axiom are incurred in the normal course of business and amounts are settled under normal business terms.
IBX, LLC
For three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had $0.5 million and $0.5 million, respectively, in expenses with IBX, LLC (“IBX”) related to management fees. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were $0.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of affiliate accounts payable related to IBX expenses. Kamal Ghaffarian is a member of Management at Intuitive Machines and a member of Management at IBX. Expenses related to IBX are incurred in the normal course of business and amounts are settled under normal business terms.
KBR, Inc.
On November 12, 2020, KBR, Inc. (“KBR”) made an initial capital contribution in SNS resulting in a 10% ownership of SNS, which was previously a wholly owned subsidiary of Intuitive Machines, LLC. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had $0.6 million and $0.4 million, respectively, in affiliate revenue from KBR related to engineering services. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there was $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively, of affiliate accounts receivable related to KBR revenue. Revenue related to KBR are incurred in the normal course of business and amounts are settled under normal business terms.
X-energy, LLC
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of affiliate accounts payable related to X-energy, LLC (“X-energy”) expenses. Expenses related to X-energy are incurred in the normal course of business and amounts are settled under normal business terms.
Penumbra, LLC
For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had nil and $0.1 million, respectively, in expenses with Penumbra, LLC (“Penumbra”) related to license fees. Certain members of executive management at Intuitive Machines have an ownership interest in Penumbra. Expenses related to Penumbra are incurred in the normal course of business.
NOTE 16 - VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITY
The Company determines whether joint ventures in which it has invested meet the criteria of a variable interest entity or “VIE” at the start of each new venture and when a reconsideration event has occurred. A VIE is a legal entity that satisfies any of the following characteristics: (a) the legal entity does not have sufficient equity investment at risk; (b) the equity investors at risk as a group, lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest; or (c) the legal entity is structured with disproportionate voting rights.
The Company consolidates a VIE if it is determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
IX, LLC Joint Venture
The Company participates in the IX, LLC joint venture (“IX LLC JV”) with X-energy, a nuclear reactor and fuel design engineering company, developing high-temperature gas cooled nuclear reactors and fuel to power them. We hold a 51% interest in the IX LLC JV and X-energy holds a 49% interest. Kamal Ghaffarian is also the co-founder and current member of management of X-energy. Intuitive Machines and X-energy are common controlled entities. We have determined that IX, LLC JV is a variable interest entity and Intuitive Machines is the primary beneficiary because it is most closely associated with the activities of the joint venture. Therefore, we consolidate this VIE for financial reporting purposes.
The IX LLC JV was formed to pursue nuclear space propulsion and surface power systems in support of future space exploration goals. In the third quarter of 2022, the IX LLC JV received an award from Battelle Energy Alliance (“BEA”) to design a fission surface power system that can operate on the surface of the Moon to support sustained lunar presence and exploration of Mars. As of March 31, 2023, the IX LLC JV had total assets and total liabilities of $2.4 million and total assets and total liabilities of $1.3 million as of December 31, 2022, associated with project execution activities subcontracted to the IX LLC JV partners and other third parties.
NOTE 17 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
In April 2023, NASA awarded the Omnibus Multidiscipline Engineering Services (“OMES”) III contract to Space & Technology Solutions, the DBA for Space Networks Solutions LLC, a joint venture led by Intuitive Machines with KBR. OMES III is a cost-plus-fixed-fee indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity contract meant to support work related to the Joint Polar Satellite System, NASA’s Exploration and In-space Services. The OMES III contract award is currently under protest.
In connection with the OMES III contract award, Triggering Event I under the Earn Out Units vested resulting in the release of 2,500,000 Class C Common Stock to the applicable Intuitive Machines, LLC Members resulting in a reduction to the earn-out liabilities and increase to shareholders’ deficit. See Note 3 - Business Combination and Related Transactions for additional information.
In April 2023, 1,183,901 Public Warrants were exercised resulting in the issuance of an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock generating cash proceeds of approximately $13.6 million for the Company.