PetroChina Co. (PTR) has signed term contracts to buy middle
distillates from Asian refineries, secured oil storage in Singapore
and booked a supertanker to store gasoil in the Mediterranean Sea
in a move to expand its international trading presence.
Such moves mark an acceleration in PetroChina's drive for a
bigger place in the world's vital energy trading routes. Earlier
this year, it leased space to store millions of barrels of bunker
fuel in the Caribbean and in California.
Creating a global oil trading network can help China lessen its
dependence on the Middle East--which currently provides about 50%
of its crude oil--and also help it sell crude and oil products in
distant parts of the world when transport costs make it uneconomic
to bring the oil back to China, analysts say.
Storage in North America and Europe would ease concerns in China
over its energy security, especially as the bulk of its imports are
shipped through the choke point of the Strait of Malacca, near
Singapore.
PetroChina, along with its state-owned parent China National
Petroleum Corp., has contracts to build and upgrade refineries in
several countries in North America and Africa, enhancing its
potential as a regional oil marketer.
PetroChina hasn't kept its ambitions secret. Last year, China's
largest-listed oil company by capacity acquired a controlling stake
in Singapore Petroleum Co., securing access to its well-established
Asian marketing and distribution networks, and a minority stake in
Nippon Oil Corp.'s (5001.TO) Osaka refinery.
Its Asian trading teams have also been making aggressive pushes
into Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines and India. In recent
months, PetroChina has sold fuel to Bharat Petroleum Corp.
(500547.BY), Indian Oil Corp. (530965.BY), Petrolimex, Petron Corp.
(PCOR.PH) and PT Pertamina.
"They are certainly increasing their trading operations and
volume globally," said one Singapore-based trader.
A spokesman for PetroChina, which is listed in Hong Kong and
Shanghai, said the company doesn't comment on specific trading
operations.
Term Contracts In Asia
PetroChina has signed contracts to lift up to 5.4 million
barrels of gasoil and up to 9.6 million barrels of jet fuel in 2010
from South Korean, Japanese and Taiwanese refiners, according to a
trader familiar with the matter.
The cargoes will be loaded on to medium-range oil tankers, which
can hold up to 300,000 barrels each.
Given China's record output of both kerosene and diesel in
recent months, the fuel lifted via term contracts will likely be
used for overseas trading rather than for supply to China, several
Singapore-based traders said.
In 2010, PetroChina will purchase four cargoes of 10-ppm-sulfur
gasoil from Japan Energy Corp. (JD-NPM) and eight cargoes from GS
Caltex at premiums of 55 cents a barrel and $1 a barrel to
Singapore quotes, respectively.
PetroChina will also buy up to six 0.5%-sulfur gasoil cargoes
from Hyundai Oilbank Corp. at a discount of about 65 cents a barrel
to quotes.
For jet fuel supply, PetroChina will purchase 24 cargoes from GS
Caltex and eight cargoes from Taiwan's CPC Corp. at a discount of
about 60 cents a barrel to quotes.
PetroChina's 2010 term volumes come in stark contrast to 2009,
when the company had just one contract to lift eight jet fuel
cargoes from Taiwan's Formosa Petrochemical Corp. (6505.TW) at a
discount of about $1 a barrel to quotes.
Onshore, Offshore Storage
PetroChina has also been actively securing oil storage in
Singapore--Asia's largest trading hub--and in North America.
The company has access to about 220,000 cubic meters, or almost
1.4 million barrels, of onshore tanks, according to a person
familiar with the matter. In contrast, China's state-controlled
Unipec and Sinopec aren't known to have access to onshore storage
in Singapore, the person added.
PetroChina leases about 100,000 cubic meters for gasoil storage
at Universal Terminal on Jurong Island and 60,000 cubic meters of
gasoline or gasoil storage at Royal Vopak NV's (VPK.AE) Sebarok
Terminal. The company also has access to 60,000 cubic meters of
gasoline or gasoil storage at Singapore Petroleum's Pulau Sebarok
Terminal, the person said.
PetroChina has also been increasing its storage capacity
offshore. In December, the company chartered a very large crude
carrier, or VLCC, called the Athenian Success to store up to 2.2
million barrels in the Mediterranean Sea, according to shipbrokers
and traders in Singapore and London.
The newly built supertanker left a South Korean shipyard on Jan.
11, loaded a small parcel of gasoil from a regional port, and then
arrived off Malta's shores in late February, according to
shipbrokers.
PetroChina time chartered the vessel for up to nine months at a
freight rate of $36,000 a day, shipbrokers said. However, based on
the ship's draft, which can be used to measure the weight of cargo
onboard, the VLCC is still half empty, shipbrokers say.
-By Wayne Ma, Dow Jones Newswires; +65 6415 4065;
wayne.ma@dowjones.com
(Angel Gonzalez in Houston, and Reza Amanat and Sherry Su in
London contributed to this article)