PART I
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
Not applicable.
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION
A. Selected Financial Data
Our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2005 and 2006 have been restated to give effect to the following: (1) reclassification of
provision for inventory losses and inventory write-offs which were incorrectly presented as special charges to cost of sales, and (2) reclassification of loss on disposal of obsolete inventories which was incorrectly presented as other income
(expense) to cost of sales. Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements attached to this amended annual report provides an explanatory discussion of the restatements made.
2
The following selected consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2005 and 2006 and for the
years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included in this Amended Annual Report. The selected consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and
for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2003 have been derived from our historical consolidated financial statements, which are not included in this Amended Annual Report. You should read the selected consolidated financial data in
conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our consolidated financial statements, both of which are included in this Amended Annual Report. We restated our historical results to
reflect PSi Technologies Chengdu Company Limited or PSi China operations as discontinued operations. The summary consolidated statements of income data and summary consolidated balance sheet data are qualified in their entirety by reference to our
audited consolidated financial statements and related notes. Our audited consolidated financial statements, which have been audited by SyCip Gorres Velayo & Co. or SGV & Co., a member firm of Ernst & Young Global, are reported in U.S.
dollars and have been prepared and presented in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles or GAAP, consistently applied for all years presented.
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For the years ended December 31
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2002
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2003
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2004
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2005
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2006
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(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except
per share amounts and weighted average
number)
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Consolidated Statements of Operations:
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Revenues
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70,537
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76,933
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78,089
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72,868
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89,737
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Cost of sales
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68,750
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76,801
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77,683
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75,137
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86,048
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Gross profit (loss)
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1,787
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132
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406
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(2,269
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)
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3,689
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General and administrative
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5,820
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6,615
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7,029
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6,243
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6,930
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Special charges
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11,494
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1,263
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1,483
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1,884
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Selling and marketing
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1,145
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762
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787
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962
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669
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Research and development
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1,253
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723
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925
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1,201
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1,151
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Provision (reversal of allowance) for doubtful accounts
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6
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(85
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)
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10
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Loss from operations
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(6,431
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(19,468
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(9,598
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(12,073
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(6,955
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Interest expense and bank chargesnet
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(401
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(1,214
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(2,137
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(2,874
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(3,358
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Foreign exchange gains (losses)net
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22
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(242
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(311
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(151
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(530
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Lease income
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92
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110
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135
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Gain (loss) on disposal of property and equipment
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39
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(1
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1
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9
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(7
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Income on refund from a utility company
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227
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91
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Loss before income tax and minority interest
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(6,771
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(20,925
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(11,953
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(14,754
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(10,624
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Provision for (benefit from) income tax
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Current
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6
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2
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3
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191
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Deferred
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62
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(231
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367
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117
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Loss before minority interest
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(6,833
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(20,700
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(12,322
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(14,874
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(10,815
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Minority interest
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48
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(11
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31
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Loss from continuing operations
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(6,785
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)
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(20,711
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(12,291
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)
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(14,874
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)
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(10,816
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Loss from discontinued operations
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(2,357
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(4,876
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(785
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)
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Net Loss
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(6,785
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(20,711
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(14,648
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)
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(19,750
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(11,600
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)
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Weighted average number of common shares outstanding
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13,290
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13,290
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13,290
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13,290
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13,290
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Basic and Diluted Earnings per common share
(1)
:
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From continuing operations
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(0.51
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(1.56
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(0.92
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(1.12
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(0.81
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Net loss per common share
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(0.51
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(1.56
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(1.10
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(1.49
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(0.87
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Other Financial Data:
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Depreciation
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13,839
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15,500
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16,965
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18,128
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14,702
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Capital expenditures
(2)
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18,354
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10,177
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15,016
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4,403
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8,718
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Cash flows from/ (used in) operating activities
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1,533
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986
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8,040
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(4,214
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11,073
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Cash flows used in investing activities
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(5,870
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(5,699
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(9,047
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(1,884
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(4,947
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Cash flows from/ (used in) financing activities
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4,252
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3,950
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1,116
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6,675
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(4,488
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3
(1)
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Basic and diluted earnings per share amounts are the same because the effect of the assumed exercise of all outstanding stock options and conversion of the exchangeable note is
anti-dilutive.
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(2)
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Including cost of property and equipment amounting to $2,481 in 2006, $1,064 in 2005, $6,695 in 2004, $4,008 in 2003 and $10,894 in 2002 acquired on account through suppliers
credits and equipment acquired under capital lease arrangements.
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As of December 31,
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2002
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2003
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2004
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2005
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2006
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(In thousands of U.S. dollars)
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Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
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Cash and cash equivalents
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1,701
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936
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1,046
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1,625
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3,270
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Working capital
(1)
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(12,334
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(11,466
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(22,775
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)
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(13,032
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)
|
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(13,392
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)
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Total assets
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112,792
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89,431
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88,527
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69,531
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61,777
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Long-term debt
(2)
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3,012
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3,701
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3,074
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3,294
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7,699
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Total stockholders equity
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73,674
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56,067
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42,072
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29,363
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16,350
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(1)
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Total current assets minus total current liabilities.
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(2)
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Including current portions of long-term debt, obligations under capital lease and other long-term liabilities amounting to $2,733, $1,797, $1,201, $36, and $65 in 2002, 2003, 2004,
2005 and 2006, respectively.
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As of December 31,
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2002
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2003
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2004
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2005
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2006
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(In thousands of U.S. dollars)
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Current assets
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26,505
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19,963
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21,807
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23,878
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|
|
24,401
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Current liabilities
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38,839
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|
|
31,429
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|
|
44,582
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|
|
36,910
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|
|
37,793
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
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Working capital
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(12,334
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)
|
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(11,466
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)
|
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(22,775
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)
|
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(13,032
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)
|
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(13,392
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)
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B. Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not applicable.
C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of
Proceeds
Not applicable.
D. Risk
Factors
The risk factors below are associated with our company and our American Depositary Shares (ADSs). An investment
in our ADSs involves a high degree of risk. Before purchasing our ADSs, you should carefully consider all of the information set forth in this Annual Report on Form 20-F/A and, in particular, the risks described below. If any of the following risks
actually materialize, our business, financial condition and results of operations would likely suffer materially, the market price of our ADSs could decline, and you may lose all or part of the money you paid to buy our ADSs.
The risks and uncertainties below are not the only ones we face, but represent the risks that we believe are material. However, there may be
additional risks that we currently consider not to be material or of which we are not currently aware and these risks could have the effects set forth above.
RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS
Our customers may stop or reduce their outsourcing, which will reduce demand for our services and cause
our revenue to decrease.
We depend on the trend towards increased outsourcing of assembly and test services by integrated device
manufacturers. Integrated device manufacturers continually evaluate our services against their own in-house
4
assembly and test services and may decide to shift some or all of their outsourced assembly and test services to their internal capacity at any time. Any
shift or a slowdown in this outsourcing trend would reduce demand for our services and cause our revenue to decrease.
We depend on a small number of
customers for a significant portion of our revenues and the loss of one or more of our significant customers could reduce our profitability.
Our top five customers accounted for approximately 76% in 2002, 81% in 2003, 81% in 2004, 87% in 2005 and 91.0% in 2006 of our total revenues (including revenue generated by discontinuing operations). Infineon Technologies, Inc.
(Infineon) has been our largest customer since 2003, accounting for approximately 30%, 35% and 48% of our total revenues in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. On June 19, 2006, the Company and Infineon signed a Sales and Investment
Agreement for the supply of certain power packaging devices for a period of one year from the time that production capacity is put in place. If our relationship with Infineon were to erode, our business and results of operations would be materially
and adversely affected.
We have lost major customers in the past and could lose other major customers in the future. For example, in 2005,
Fairchild Korea Semiconductor or Fairchild Korea, terminated its relationship with us. Fairchild Korea accounted for 5.6%, 3.1% and 1.9% of our total revenues in 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. We cannot guarantee that our largest customers will
continue to book the same level of sales with us that they have in the past or will not solicit alternative suppliers. Many of our major customers operate in cyclical businesses that are also highly competitive, and their own demand and market
positions may vary considerably. Such customers have in the past and may in the future vary order levels significantly from period to period. It would be difficult for us to quickly replace a major customer that permanently discontinues or
significantly reduces its commercial relationship with us, as new customers usually require us to pass a lengthy and rigorous qualification process. Also, semiconductor companies generally rely on service providers with which they have established
relationships to meet their assembly and testing needs for existing and future applications. If any one of our key customers were to reduce its purchases significantly, any inability on our part to attract new major customers or shift our excess
production capacity to our remaining customers could materially impact our financial viability and profitability.
Most of our customers are not
obligated to purchase any minimum amount of our products or services and we do not have a significant backlog. We may not receive sufficient customer orders in the future to meet our costs and remain profitable.
Most of our customers are not obligated to purchase any minimum amount of our assembly and test services or to provide us with binding forecasts for any
period. As a result, we have no significant backlog, which makes it difficult for us to forecast our revenue for any future period. We expect that revenue in any quarter will continue to be substantially dependent on orders received during that
quarter. The level of orders we receive from our customers has varied and may continue to vary significantly from quarter to quarter. In some cases, we experienced unfilled orders as our customers encountered wafer supply constraints arising from
the time required to ramp-up their wafer fabrication facilities. We cannot assure you that any of our customers will continue to place orders with us in the future at the same levels as they have in prior periods.
We depend on our customers to provide us with a satisfactory supply of wafers, and shortages or disputes regarding the supply and quality of wafers may reduce our
ability to fill our customers orders, reduce our revenue and increase our costs.
Our operations and general competitiveness
depend on a satisfactory supply of wafers from our customers for assembly and test services. Shortages or shipments of defective wafers can result from supply chain interruptions, including disruptions from a change in manufacturing site or wafer
provider, and inferior manufacturing or design flaws. Moreover, disputes as to the origin of defects and responsibility for defective wafers or dice already built into finished products could strain our relationships with existing customers. An
insufficient supply of wafers, defective wafers, defective dice in finished products and any disputes relating
5
thereto could reduce our ability to fulfill our customers orders, decrease our revenue, increase our costs and materially impact our financial
viability and profitability.
The average selling price for electronic devices tends to decrease over the product life cycle, which may force us to
lower our prices and reduce our profitability.
The decreasing average selling price of most electronic devices places significant
pressure on the prices of the components, including semiconductors that are used in those devices. If the average selling price of electronic devices continues to decrease, the pricing pressure on our services may reduce our revenue and
significantly reduce our gross profit. Pricing pressure on our assembly and test services is likely to continue and our ability to maintain or increase our profitability will depend in large part upon our ability to:
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reduce our raw material costs;
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improve production efficiency;
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increase the number of units assembled and tested; and
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shift to higher margin test and assembly services or products.
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See Item 5Operating and Financial Review and Prospects for a discussion of the historical decline of our average selling price.
We may be unable to obtain assembly or test equipment when we need it, which will prevent us from expanding our business and increasing our revenue.
Our operations and expansion plans are highly dependent upon our ability to obtain a significant amount of capital equipment, which is manufactured by a
limited number of suppliers. In periods of high demand, the lead time from order to delivery for assembly and test equipment can be between four and six months. If we cannot obtain equipment in a timely manner, we may be unable to fill our
customers orders or accept orders from new customers, which could reduce revenue and materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may be unable to recoup the cost of significant capital expenditures made in anticipation of increased sales, which would have a negative effect on our profitability and financial viability.
We increased and plan on continuing to increase our assembly and test capacity in order to grow our business. This required and will require substantial
capital expenditures, primarily for additional assembly and test equipment, and facilities support equipment. We have already made and will continue to make these capital expenditures and we cannot assure you that our sales will increase or that our
revenues and cash flow are sufficient to cover these capital expenditures and the outcomes and results of our investments and capital expenditures may differ materially from our expectations. Our failure to increase our revenue and/or margins or
obtain additional financing following significant capital expenditures could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations, as we may not be able to offset our increased costs, cash flow requirements and related
depreciation expense.
We need a significant amount of capital to fund our capital expenditures and execute our business strategies. We may be unable to
repay short-term suppliers and bank credit facilities incurred to fund our capital expenditures program, which would have a negative effect on our operations and financial viability.
We may not have sufficient cash flow from operations or available lines of credit to pay short-term suppliers and bank credit facilities. Therefore, we
may have to raise capital by accessing external financing sources to meet such liabilities. The terms of any new funding we obtain could restrict our future operations and affect your investment in a number of ways, including, but not limited to:
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Requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of any cash flows from operations to the payment of interest and principal due to such obligations, which may reduce
funds available for other business purposes;
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6
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Requiring us to issue additional shares of our common stock or other securities, which could result in a reduction in the percentage of outstanding shares you own
in our company;
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Placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt;
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Forcing us to sell assets or terminate or suspend some of our planned expansion projects; and
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Limiting our ability to borrow additional funds because of financial and other restrictive covenants governing our debt.
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In July 2003, we issued a $4.0 million, 5-year exchangeable senior subordinated note to Merrill Lynch Global Emerging Markets Partners, LLC (Merrill
Lynch LLC), an affiliate of Merrill Lynch Global Emerging Market Partners, L.P. (Merrill Lynch), due in 2008 which bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum, net of Philippine withholding tax. The exchangeable note was issued to pay off certain
liabilities related to our capital expenditures incurred in 2002, which were due by the end of the second and third quarters of 2003 and could not be paid out of current cash flow from operations or available lines of credit. Over the course of the
first and second quarter of 2003, the Company pursued several possible avenues of financing but no such alternative could be put in place in time to pay for the liabilities. In June 2005, we issued a $7.0 million, 4-year exchangeable senior
subordinated note to Merrill Lynch LLC, due in 2009, which bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum, net of Philippine withholding tax. The proceeds of the note was used to partially finance capital expenditures related to the introduction of
the Companys Power QFN (Quad Flat No-Lead) Package and for the repayment of due and outstanding suppliers credits and capital expenditures payables. See Item 7Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsThe Merrill
Lynch Exchangeable Notes.
We have a $10 million credit facility from the Singapore Branch of Raiffeisen Zentralbank Oesterreich AG
(RZB-Austria) of which $9.7 million was outstanding as of December 31, 2006. As of December 31, 2006, we have not complied with certain financial ratio requirements under the short term credit facility from RZB-Austria. The
credit facility was for a period from 2002 and renewed every year thereafter until December 31, 2005. However, on April 4, 2006, RZB-Austria extended the credit facility granted to PSi Technologies, Inc. or PSi Technologies and PSi
Technologies Laguna, Inc. or PSi Laguna until December 31, 2006 under similar terms and conditions. On April 27, 2007, we entered into a Second Supplemental Agreement with RZB-Austria under which the credit facility was extended from
December 31, 2006 until March 31, 2008. However, RZB-Austria may cancel the credit facility anytime during the term of the loan and all amounts outstanding under the facility including accrued interest shall be immediately due and payable.
Under the agreement, RZB-Austria also agreed to delete the financial covenants section in its entirety. However, we will provide RZB-Austria with our audited financial statements within six months from the end of the calendar year and interim
financial statements within 30 days after the end of the month. We have informed RZB-Austria that we will provide our audited financial statements as of December 31, 2006 as soon as it becomes available. We have a $3 million short-term credit
facility and another $4 million letter of credit and trust receipt facility with KBC Bank N.V.Philippine Branch (KBC Bank Philippines). The short-term credit facility is secured by accounts receivable from a customer. As of
December 31, 2006, we were not in compliance with certain financial ratio requirements under the loan agreement with KBC Bank Philippines. On March 10, 2006, KBC Bank Philippines terminated its credit facility with us to be effective 60
days from that date. On May 26, 2006, KBC Bank Philippines advised us that it had ceased operations effective April 30, 2006 and that, in view of such cessation, the loan account would be assumed by its Hong Kong branch beginning
June 10, 2006. As of December 31, 2006, the aggregate amount of outstanding short term loans under these facilities was approximately $0.5 million. On January 5, 2007, we repaid the entire outstanding amount of the short-term loans
and trust receipts.
We have a $3 million revolving promissory note, including a letter of credit of up to $400,000 with Philippine
Veterans Bank (PVB) a local commercial bank. The facility is subject to annual review by PVB on or before April 11 of each year until April 11, 2010 and a 90-day availability period. As of December 31, 2006, the
outstanding loan with PVB amounted to $300,000. The outstanding loan was fully settled on January 5, 2007.
7
We cannot assure you that we will generate sufficient cash flow or that other financings will be
available in the future when needed or, if available, that they will be available on satisfactory terms. Failure to obtain any such required additional financings or generate sufficient cash flow to meet our financing obligations could have a
material adverse effect on our company. Also, we may not be able to renew our existing credit facilities nor repay these obligations when they mature. Our ability to make scheduled payments on our debt will depend on our future operating performance
and on economic, financial, competitive and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. In addition, any future borrowings we make will most likely be subject to covenants limiting our operating and financial flexibility and would require
the consent of Merrill Lynch LLC.
The recurring losses from our operations and negative net working capital position raise substantial doubt about our
ability to continue as a going concern.
We have incurred recurring losses since 2001. Our net loss for the years ended
December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 amounted to $11.6 million, $19.7 million and $14.6 million, respectively, while deficit amounted to $61.7 million as of December 31, 2006 and $50.1 million as of December 31, 2005. Further, our
negative working capital amounted to $13.4 million as of December 31, 2006 and $13.0 million as of December 31, 2005. In 2006 and 2005, we recognized provision for impairment losses on certain property, plant and equipment amounting to
$1.9 million and $4.2 million, respectively, primarily due to the net loss position from the start of commercial operations and negative projected cash flows of the China facility, decline in the recoverable value of real estate properties, low
sales volume, and idle machinery and equipment which the Company no longer uses in its operations and has zero salvage value.
The
foregoing conditions, risks and uncertainties raise substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern and could affect our ability to develop advanced technology and expanded services, compete against companies with greater
operating capacity and financial resources, increase production capacity, obtain assembly and test equipment to meet the demand for our products and services, obtain favorable terms from suppliers, and repay bank loans and obtain additional bank
credit facilities. Our continued operation as a going concern is dependent on our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations and/or seek other sources of financing; however, there are no assurances that positive operating results can
be achieved or that any additional financing or refinancing can be obtained on favorable terms, or at all. We plan to mitigate our going concern risk by engaging in cost reduction measures through plant closures, rationalizing our capital
expenditures and promoting better operating efficiencies. In addition, we plan to increase our revenue by targeting higher volume and margin sales from existing and new customers.
We are dependent on entering into financing arrangements with third parties to meet our financing obligations. For more information on these
arrangements, see Note 11 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. We need a significant amount of capital to fund our capital expenditures and execute our business strategies. We may be unable to repay short-term suppliers and bank
credit facilities incurred to fund our capital expenditures program, which would have a negative effect on our operations and financial viability as discussed in the section of this Annual Report of Form 20-F/A entitled Item
5Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsLiquidity and Capital ResourcesFinancing Activities.
In difficult market
conditions, our high fixed costs adversely impact our financial results.
We are driven to reduce prices in response to competitive
pressures and, at the same time, we are also faced with a decline in utilization rates in our plants due to decreases in demand for our power packages. Because our industry is characterized by high fixed costs, we are not always able to reduce our
total costs in line with revenue declines. Reduced average selling prices for our power packages, therefore, adversely affect our results of operations. We achieved a gross profit of $3.7 million in 2006, an improvement from a gross loss of $2.3
million in 2005 due to higher sales volume from our top five customers, favorable package mix, an increase in copper price that was passed on to our customers and a decrease in depreciation. We cannot assure you that difficult market conditions will
not affect the capacity utilization of our plants and consequently, our future gross profit margins. Further, increased competition in the power semiconductor sector may lead to further price erosion, lower revenue growth rates and lower gross
profit margins in the future.
8
We depend on a limited number of suppliers to provide us with sufficient quantities of raw materials on a timely basis
at acceptable quality levels in order to sustain our operations.
It is important to our operations and general competitiveness that we
obtain raw materials from our vendors in a timely manner, in sufficient quantities and qualities and at competitive prices. We obtain most of our critical materials from a limited group of suppliers on a purchase order basis and without the benefit
of long-term contracts. Some of our suppliers provide us with equipment and raw materials on a credit basis, with payment for such items deferred until a later date. Our failure to repay these supplier credits in a timely manner could cause our
suppliers to cease providing us with such credits or such materials. The loss of such supplier credits or materials could have an adverse impact on our business and operations, including our ability to meet our customers requirements.
Shortages occur in our essential raw materials due to interruptions or limitations in supply or increased demand in the industry. While we
believe that we have identified adequate alternative suppliers for our raw materials, any transition to a new supplier could take time, increase costs and disrupt our business. In the past, we have experienced difficulty obtaining acceptable raw
materials on a timely basis and delays in the delivery of raw materials we have ordered. We experienced delays in the delivery of lead frames from a major European supplier, due to the inability of the supplier to source copper base material on a
timely basis. As copper supply remains constrained, we may continue to occasionally experience these delays in delivery.
We may reject and
return to our suppliers those raw materials that do not meet our quality criteria. While we believe that we have identified and qualified suppliers according to specific qualification criteria, we cannot assure you that our suppliers will supply us
with raw materials that consistently meet our quality criteria. This may limit the amount of raw materials available to meet customers order requirements. Our inability to obtain satisfactory raw materials could limit our ability to fill our
customer orders and/or increase our costs relative to the revenue that we generate.
Although we work closely with our suppliers to avoid
these types of shortages, there can be no assurances that we will not encounter these problems in the future. Our quarterly and annual results of operations would be adversely affected if we are unable to obtain adequate supplies of raw materials or
equipment in a timely manner or if there were significant increases in the cost of raw materials or problems with the quality of these raw materials.
Our financial condition may be adversely affected by credit risk.
Our customers are from time to time indebted to us as a
result of transactions or contracts, as we provide our services on financing terms. We attempt to mitigate credit risk through customer diversification to minimize customer concentration and by screening our customers for creditworthiness. However,
the information provided to us by our customers may not be accurate, complete, up-to-date or properly evaluated, in which case we may be unable to properly assess our risks. Also, we cannot assure you that our policies, procedures and ability to
diversify and manage credit risk will be effective. Although none of our customers has defaulted on their payments to us due to bankruptcy, deterioration of their creditworthiness, lack of liquidity, operational failure, or other reasons, we cannot
assure you that such an event will not occur. We may suffer financially and our liquidity may be severely impaired if our customers do not pay us according to contractual terms of payment.
We may be unable to increase our production capacity to meet the demand for our products and services.
In 2006, we acquired property, plant and equipment totaling $8.7 million (including equipment acquired on account through suppliers credits of $2.5
million as of December 31, 2006) for our Taguig and Laguna manufacturing facilities. If we experience delays in the purchase and delivery of equipment needed to expand our capacity or support the expansion of capacity, we may not be able to
meet the demand for our products and services. Our inability to expand capacity could reduce our ability to meet customer needs, which may prompt our customers to place orders with our competitors.
9
The cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry and the periodic overcapacity that results from this may seriously
harm our company.
Our operations are substantially affected by market conditions in the semiconductor industry, which are highly
cyclical and, at various times, have experienced significant economic downturns characterized by reduced product demand and production overcapacity, which can result in the erosion of average selling prices.
The semiconductor industry experienced a significant downturn in 2001 and the lingering effects of that downturn adversely affected our operating results
in the succeeding years. The 2001 downturn was characterized by production overcapacity, reduced product demand, excessive inventories and rapid erosion of average selling prices. Historically, companies in the semiconductor industry have expanded
aggressively during periods of increased demand, as we and our competitors have done. As a result, periods of overcapacity in the semiconductor industry have in the past followed periods of increased demand. In addition, the markets for
semiconductors are characterized by rapid technological change, evolving industry standards, intense competition and fluctuations in end-user demand. In 2002, the market for semiconductors stabilized, registering growth in worldwide semiconductor
revenues as measured by Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA)/World Semiconductor Trade Statistics (WSTS), of 1.3% and expanded by 28.0%, 6.8% and 8.9% in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. Nonetheless, a future downturn in the semiconductor
industry could seriously harm our company. In particular, the combination of weak demand, a sharp correction of inventory by our customers and their end markets, and deterioration in economic performance, particularly in the United States, and an
increase in underutilized capacity in 2006 could seriously harm our industry and our company.
Upward changes in the price of copper, gold, crude oil
and certain other commodities used by our suppliers or by us as raw materials for our products could materially harm our business by increasing our costs.
We are particularly affected by fluctuations in the prices of commodities such as copper, nickel, aluminum, gold, silver and other metals used in our raw materials and manufacturing process, and higher energy costs.
Copper base materials that form part of our finished products are a significant component of our finished product cost. Copper prices have increased by 37% from US$4,585 per ton as of December 31, 2005 to US$6,280 per ton as of
December 31, 2006. Crude oil prices were higher by 40.5%, gold prices were higher by 25.8%, silver prices were higher by 50.9%, copper prices were higher by 37% and nickel prices were higher by 158% in 2006 as compared to 2005.
We attempt to negotiate competitive prices for raw materials with our suppliers, which helps to reduce the impact of any increases in the price of raw
materials linked to commodities. Similarly, we attempt to mitigate the impact of higher crude oil prices, which leads to higher energy and utilities expenses, through improvements in our operating efficiencies and adjustments in scheduling our
production according to forecasted loadings. We cannot assure you that the prices of these commodities will not continue to rise, or that we will be able to negotiate competitive pricing with our suppliers, or that we will be able to mitigate the
increase in our utilities expense. As a result, we may have to pass on to our customers such increases in costs. Any inability on our part to negotiate competitive pricing for raw materials as prices increase or inability on our part to mitigate the
increase in utilities expense or to pass on to our customers such higher costs could materially impact our financial viability and profitability.
Fluctuations in exchange rates could materially harm our business by increasing costs.
Approximately 99.9% of our
consolidated revenue is U.S. dollar denominated and our consolidated financial statements are prepared in U.S. dollars. The largest share of our costs is U.S. dollar denominated. Some of our raw material costs are incurred in European euro and
Japanese yen. All of our operating expenses are incurred in U.S. dollars and Philippine pesos while our capital expenditures are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars and Japanese yen. As a result, we are particularly affected by fluctuations in the
exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Philippine peso, the Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar, and the European euro and the U.S.
10
dollar. Since all of our revenues are in U.S. dollars, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly the European euro and Japanese yen,
could also increase the price we pay for equipment and raw materials, which could also increase our raw material and equipment costs.
An overall
decrease in demand for power semiconductors may significantly decrease the demand for our services and materially reduce our revenue.
We derive the majority of our revenue from assembly and/or test services for manufacturers of semiconductors used for power conversion or power management applications. Currently, many electronic devices use multiple power semiconductors,
but electronics manufacturers are aggressively seeking to decrease the number of components used in devices and simplify system design. Any significant decrease in the need for power semiconductors within electronic devices may decrease the demand
for our services and materially reduce our revenue. In addition, the economic slowdown in the technology sector and increase in overall inventory levels have caused a decrease in demand for electronic devices and semiconductors and/or, in turn, our
services. These trends could have a negative impact on our business, operating results and financial condition.
We may not be able to develop the
advanced technology and expanded services we need to maintain our competitive position and our profitability.
The semiconductor
industry is characterized by rapid technological development. We must be able to provide our customers with advanced assembly and testing capabilities and quick production time for their increasingly complex devices. In addition, we must continue to
expand our selection of packages to remain competitive. If we rely on older products, our margins and cash flow could be reduced because prices of older products tend to decrease when newer, higher performance products are introduced. Our customers
may also opt to phase out or discontinue marketing and selling these older products. Any failure on our part to advance our design and process technologies successfully and in a timely manner could materially harm our competitiveness and our
profitability.
We may not be able to compete successfully in our industry because many of our competitors are much larger in size, have greater
operating capacity and financial resources and have proven research and development and marketing capabilities.
The semiconductor
assembly and testing industry is highly competitive. We face substantial competition from:
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the in-house assembly and testing divisions of major integrated device manufacturers;
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other independent companies such as STATS ChipPAC Ltd., Carsem Semiconductor Co. Ltd., Greatek Electronics, Inc., AUK Corp., Enoch Semiconductor Corp., Huashan
Electronic Devices Co., GEM Services and Nantung Fujitsu, Inc. that specialize in providing assembly and test services for power semiconductors; and
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a number of large companies, such as Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Amkor Technology, Inc., ASE Test Limited, ASAT, Ltd., STATS ChipPAC Ltd., Siliconware
Precision Industries Co. Ltd., ST Assembly and Test Services Pte., Ltd., and Shinko Electric Industries Co. Ltd., that focus primarily on non-power semiconductor assembly and test services.
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These companies may be able to compete more aggressively over a longer period of time than we can due to potentially greater economies of scale, lower
costs, more efficient manufacturing processes, higher amounts of cash generated from operations and allocated to research and development and greater financial stability. A number of these companies also have established relationships with many of
our current or potential customers. We may also face increasing competition from competitors located in lower cost centers such as Vietnam and China. We cannot assure you that we will be able to compete successfully in the future against existing or
potential competitors. See Item 4Information on the CompanyBusiness OverviewCompetition.
11
We may not be able to keep or replace key executive officers and employees, which would impair our ability to
implement our business plan and continue our assembly and test processes.
We depend on our key executive officers and employees to
implement our business plan and oversee our assembly and test processes. It is difficult to attract and retain highly skilled technical, managerial and marketing personnel, and replace key personnel, as competition for qualified personnel in the
Philippines is intense. We have had significant executive turnover in the past and may experience difficulty retaining key executives in the future.
On March 31, 2007, Thelma G. Oribello, our Senior Vice President and Chief Finance Officer resigned to join her family in Jakarta, Indonesia. She was replaced by Francisco H. Suarez, Jr., formerly the Chief
Financial Officer of SPi Technologies, Inc. On October 31, 2007 Francisco H. Suarez, Jr. resigned and he was replaced by Hilarion V. Cajucom, Jr. Further, in May 2006, our Chief Technology Officer, James Knapp, resigned and he was not replaced until
April 2007, when we appointed Thomas Moersheim as our new Chief Technology Officer.
We cannot assure you that we will not lose, or that we
will be able to attract and retain, additional personnel required to successfully develop new and enhanced assembly and test services and to continue to grow and operate profitably. We maintain limited directors and officers liability insurance.
We may be unable to develop and protect the intellectual property needed to compete successfully with other assembly and test companies.
Our ability to compete successfully and achieve future growth in revenue will depend, in part, on our ability to develop and protect our
proprietary technology and the proprietary technology of our customers entrusted to us during the assembly or testing process. We cannot assure you that we will be able to develop or protect proprietary technology or that our competitors will not
develop, patent or gain access to similar know-how and technology. We cannot assure you that any confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements that we rely on to protect trade secrets and other proprietary information will be adequate to protect our
or our customers proprietary technology.
We may become subject to intellectual property rights disputes that may be costly and limit our ability
to continue our business operations as planned.
Our ability to compete successfully will depend on our ability to operate without
infringing on the proprietary rights of others and not breaching licenses granted to us. We have not established procedures to help prevent us from infringing the patented technology of our competitors or other parties. As a result, we may not be
aware of the intellectual property rights of others or familiar with the laws governing intellectual property rights in countries where our products are sold. If we become aware that third party-owned intellectual property may affect our business,
we intend to either avoid technology protected by existing patents, or to cross-license or otherwise obtain the right to use the process or package technologies we require. We believe that companies in our industry will face more frequent patent
infringement claims as the number and coverage of patents, copyrights and other third party intellectual property rights in our industry increases. In the event a valid claim is made against us, we may be required to:
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stop using critical assembly and test processes;
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cease manufacturing, using, importing or selling infringing packages;
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develop non-infringing technologies;
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acquire and pay for licenses to use the infringed technology; or
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pay substantial damages.
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We may be
required to seek licenses from or enter into agreements with third parties covering intellectual property. We cannot guarantee that any of those licenses can be obtained on acceptable terms, if at all. We may
12
also have to commence lawsuits against companies who infringe on our intellectual property rights. Those potential claims could result in substantial costs
and diversion of our resources.
Our assembly and test processes are susceptible to human error, which can reduce our productivity and harm our
operations.
Our failure to maintain high training standards and monitor our operators could result in significant operator error, which
could reduce our production yields, cause us to miss committed deliveries to our customers, erode product quality, damage our customer relationships and materially harm our business. Any lost customers, increased costs, production delays,
substantial amounts of returned goods and claims by customers resulting from human error could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may be unable to maintain the clean room environment we need for our operations, which can reduce our productivity and harm our operations.
Our assembly and test operations take place in areas where air purity, temperature and humidity are controlled. If we are unable to control our assembly
and test environment, our equipment may malfunction or our products may be defective. See Item 4Information on the CompanyBusiness OverviewQuality Management. Any prolonged interruption in our operations due to problems
in our clean room environment could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Environmental, health and safety laws
could require us to incur additional capital and operational costs.
We are subject to liabilities and compliance obligations arising
under environmental, health and safety laws. These laws impose various controls on the quality of our air and water discharges, on the storage, handling, discharge and disposal of chemicals the company uses, and on employee exposure to hazardous
substances in the workplace. Environmental, health and safety laws could require us to incur capital and operational costs to maintain compliance and could impose liability to remedy the effects of hazardous substance contamination. In July 2004,
for example, PSi Technologies Laguna received an order from local governmental authorities regarding failure to conform with certain environmental standards. We have since passed the requirements of the standards and paid the applicable penalties
and fees. See Item 4Information on the CompanyProperty, Plants and EquipmentEnvironmental Matters for more details. We cannot assure you that applicable environmental, health and safety laws will not in the future
impose the need for additional capital equipment or other process requirements upon the company, curtail its operations, or restrict its ability to expand its operations. The adoption of new environmental, health and safety laws, the failure to
comply with new or existing laws, or issues relating to hazardous substance contamination could subject the company to future material liability.
We
face numerous risks (including legal, regulatory, managerial and financial risks) as a consequence of the dissolution of PSi Chengdu, our former operating facility in China.
We opened an assembly and test facility in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, Peoples Republic of China (PRC), in 2004. We incurred $3.8 million
in capital expenditures for our new Chengdu facility on the expectation that it would reduce future production costs as a result of the relatively inexpensive labor costs in the region. We also hoped that our Chengdu facility would have created new
business and sales opportunities in China. On September 8, 2005, the representatives of the Management Committee of the Chengdu Hi-Tech Zone (CHTZ), a government entity of Chengdu City and The Management Office of Sichuan Chengdu
Export Processing Zone informed PSi Chengdu of the governments plan to convert the Southern Export Processing Zone where PSi Chengdu is located to another commercial area and the need for PSi Chengdu to relocate from the Southern Export
Processing Zone to the Western Export Processing Zone. The relocation issue, which could have further drained PSi Chengdus resources, coupled with continuous operating and cash flow losses from the start of commercial operations up to 2005,
triggered an impairment review in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets as of December 31, 2005. Management estimated that the undiscounted future cash flows to be
generated by PSi Chengdu to be negative compared with
13
the carrying amount of PSi Chengdus long-lived assets of $2.7 million. Management then estimated the fair value of those assets at negative $0.2
million using the expected cash flow approach as a measure of fair value. This resulted in write-down of the assets amounting to $2.7 million, which was included under Special charges account in the 2005 statement of operations.
On April 5, 2006, the Board of Directors of PSi Technologies and PSi Technologies China Holdings Co. Ltd. or PSi Mauritius through
its subsidiary, PSi Chengdu, informed the Management Committee of the CHTZ of its decision to close the facility in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, PRC. PSi Chengdu ceased commercial operations on April 30, 2006. As
of May
31, 2007
PSi Chengdu is in the process of completing the requirements for liquidation and dissolution. The outcome and results of the liquidation and dissolution process may differ materially from our expectations, due to a variety of legal, regulatory,
managerial and financial risks, including but not limited to:
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economic and political uncertainties in China;
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changes in, and the enforcement of, commercial laws, currency controls and exchange rate policies, import tariffs and duties, customs regulations and taxation laws
in China;
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the potential re-valuation of the Chinese Renminbi or PRC yuan;
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the Chengdu government may require PSi Chengdu to pay back the tax and duty incentives it had received since its establishment pending complete dissolution of PSi
Chengdu;
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our inability to secure and/or maintain the services of qualified personnel and/or consultants during the liquidation and dissolution process; and
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our failure to fully settle all the outstanding obligations of PSi Chengdu with its creditors and employees.
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We may be unable to maintain the non-unionized status of our workforce or limit employee turnover, which can reduce our productivity and harm our
operations.
Our ability to compete successfully will depend on our ability to keep labor costs low. We provide compensation, benefits, and
a working environment in accordance with standards mandated by Philippine law as applicable, labor regulations and codes, which has resulted in a union-free workplace. Any initiative by the workforce to unionize or the occurrence of high employee
turnover in any of our two manufacturing facilities may result in lost productivity and higher labor costs that could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We rely on income tax incentives to preserve funds allocated for specific business purposes and a loss of these tax benefits would prevent us from using funds in
accordance with our business plan.
As a result of PSi Technologies, Inc.s decision to register with the Philippine Economic Zone
Authority (PEZA) as a tax planning strategy, PSi Technologies, Inc. shall henceforth be subject to a final tax, in lieu of all taxes, computed at 5% of gross income less allowable deductions as defined in Republic Act (RA) No. 8748
of the Philippines. PSi Technologies, Inc. availed of ITH incentives amounting to $61,351 in 2006. No income tax incentives were availed by PSi Technologies, Inc. in 2005. Our Laguna facility, through PSi Laguna, Inc., however, received tax
incentives amounting to $26,346 in 2005 and $44,271 in 2006.
It may be difficult for you to enforce any judgment obtained in the United States against
us or our affiliates.
Our company is incorporated under the laws of the Philippines and substantially all of our directors and
executive officers reside outside the United States. In addition, virtually all of our assets and the assets of those persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult to effect service of process upon us
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or one of those persons in the United States to enforce any judgment obtained in U.S. courts against us or any of these persons, including judgments based
upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. securities laws. If original actions are brought in courts in jurisdictions located outside the United States, it may be difficult for investors to enforce liabilities based upon U.S. securities laws.
The Philippines is not a party to any international treaty concerning the recognition or enforcement of foreign judgments although the Philippine Rules of Court do provide that a foreign judgment may be enforced in the Philippines through an
independent action filed to enforce the judgment. A foreign judgment may not be enforced, however, if there is evidence of a lack of jurisdiction, absence of notice, collusion, fraud or clear mistake of law or fact or if it is found to be contrary
to the laws, customs or public policy of the Philippines.
RISKS RELATED TO OUR ADS
Our public shareholders may have more difficulty protecting their interests than they would as shareholders of a U.S. corporation.
Our corporate affairs are governed by our a
rticles
of incorporation and
by-laws
and by the laws governing companies incorporated in the
Philippines. Legal principles such as a
directo
rs or
officer
s duty of care and loyalty, and the fiduciary duties of controlling shareholders exist in the Philippines. However, these principles are relatively untested in
Philippine courts, and their application is uncertain in comparison to their application in U.S. courts. As a result, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in connection with actions taken by our management,
members of our
board
of
directors
or our controlling shareholders than they would as shareholders of a company incorporated in the United States.
Our existing principal shareholders own a large percentage of our voting shares and their interests may conflict with the interests of our company.
Our principal shareholders, Merrill Lynch Global Emerging Markets Partners, L.P. (Merrill Lynch) and Greathill Pte., Ltd. (Greathill), own, in the aggregate, approximately 68.5% of our
outstanding voting securities as of December 31, 2006. Greathill was a wholly-owned subsidiary of NJI NO.2 Investment Fund that was in members voluntary liquidation (NJI). However, on February 27, 2007, NJI and Primasia and
Bridge No. 1 Greater China Secondary Fund L.P. (Primasia) entered into a Sale and Purchase Agreement under which NJI transferred its entire shareholdings or 7,630,001 ordinary shares of Greathill to Primasia effective March 1,
2007. Primasia is managed by Primasia Private Equity Management, Ltd. or Primasia Equity. Acting together, or in Merrill Lynchs case, individually, our principal shareholders will be able to exercise significant influence over matters
requiring shareholder approval, including the election of directors and the approval of significant corporate transactions. See Item 10Additional InformationArticles of Incorporation and By-laws. Matters that require
shareholder approval through two-thirds vote include, among other things:
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our merger or consolidation with any other entity;
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any sale of all or substantially all of our assets; and
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the timing and payment of stock dividends if any.
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Our principal shareholders have entered into a Shareholders Agreement relating to their ownership, transfer and voting of our shares. As a result of the level of their shareholdings and the provisions of the
Shareholders Agreement, our principal shareholders will have the power to determine the election of our directors and the approval of any other action requiring the approval of our shareholders, including any amendments to our Articles of
Incorporation and By-Laws. In addition, our principal shareholders could prevent us from entering into transactions that could be beneficial to us or the holders of our ADSs.
Under the terms of the exchangeable notes issued to Merrill Lynch LLC in July 2003 and June 2005, Merrill Lynch LLC also has the right to approve a broad
range of material transactions undertaken by us or our subsidiaries. See Item 7Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsRelated TransactionsThe Merrill Lynch Exchangeable Notes.
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Your percentage ownership in our company could be diluted by the action of our principal shareholders.
Our shareholders do not have preemptive rights. Our principal shareholders have a sufficient number of votes to approve the authorization, sale and
issuance of additional shares of common stock or other securities of our company. You do not have a right to participate in any such sale or issuance and as a result your ownership interest in us could be diluted. See Item 10Additional
InformationArticles of Incorporation and By-Laws for a discussion on the rights of shareholders.
The market price for our ADSs has
fluctuated significantly in the past, and the market price of our ADSs may be lower than you expect.
Since our initial public offering
in March of 2000, the closing price of our ADSs has fluctuated significantly, ranging from a high of $25.44 per share to a low of $0.46 per share. Fluctuations in our stock price could continue. Among the factors that could affect our stock price
are:
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quarterly variations in our operating results and our lack of profitability;
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the introduction and development of new packages;
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the amount of our indebtedness;
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our ability to access additional financing on economical terms to fund capital expenditures;
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general market conditions; and
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general economic factors unrelated to our performance.
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The stock markets in general, and the markets for technology companies in particular, have experienced a high degree of volatility not necessarily related to the operating performance of particular companies. We
cannot provide assurances as to the price of our ADSs.
The market price of our ADSs could decrease as our principal shareholders sell their shares.
The market price of our ADSs could decrease if large numbers of ADSs are sold into the public market or if the public expects those
sales to occur. These sales could make it difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate. We have 13,289,525 common shares outstanding, including the common shares represented by our ADSs. The
4,025,000 common shares represented by our ADSs are freely tradeable in the public market unless purchased by our affiliates, as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act as natural persons or other entities that directly or indirectly control,
are controlled by, or are under common control with us. The remaining 9,264,525 common shares are restricted securities, as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, which means they may not be offered or sold unless pursuant to a registration
statement that has been filed and declared effective by the Commission or pursuant to an available exemption from registration under the Securities Act. These common shares may be sold in the public market in the form of ADSs, upon a deposit of such
shares with the depositary, but only if they are registered under the Securities Act or if they qualify for an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.
On June 14, 2004, JAFCO Investment (Asia Pacific), Ltd. (JAFCO), acting as investment manager for NJI No. 2 Investment Fund, or
NJI, requested that we file a registration statement covering the 1,955,741 shares held by NJI pursuant to NJIs demand registration rights under the Registration Rights Agreement described in Item 7Major Shareholders and
Related Party TransactionsRelated Party Transactions. The registration request was not ultimately pursued by NJI. Greathill, as NJIs successor in interest, continues to have the registration rights of NJI under the Registration
Rights Agreement.
On March 23, 2007 Primasia Private Equity Management Ltd, on behalf of Greathill, requested
that
Greathills 1,955,741 shares in us be converted into American Depositary Receipts. The application process is expected to commence subsequent to the filing of this Form 20-F with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or U.S. SEC.
16
Your voting rights as ADS holders are limited by the terms of the deposit agreement for the ADSs. Your ability to
participate in the management of our company is impaired relative to our common shareholders.
Holders of ADSs may exercise the voting
rights of the common shares represented by ADSs only in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement relating to the ADSs. There are practical limitations on the ability of ADS holders to exercise their voting rights due to the additional
procedural steps involved in communicating with the holders of ADSs. For example, our common shareholders receive notices of meetings directly from us and are able to exercise their voting rights by either attending the meeting in person or voting
by proxy.
ADS holders, by comparison, do not receive notices directly from us. The deposit agreement provides that upon its receipt of
notice from us of any meeting of holders of our common shares, the depositary will then mail to ADS holders as soon as practicable:
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the notice of the meeting;
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the voting instruction forms; and
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a statement explaining how instructions can be given by ADS holders.
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To exercise voting rights, ADS holders must instruct the depositary how to vote their shares. Because of this extra procedural step involving the
depositary, the process for exercising voting rights will take longer for ADS holders than for holders of our common shares. ADSs for which the depositary does not receive voting instructions will not be voted at any meeting.
Except as described in this annual report, ADS holders are not able to exercise voting rights attaching to the ADSs. Please see Item
10Additional InformationArticles of Incorporation and By-laws for additional information relating to our common shares.
Your ability
to participate in any rights offering of our company is limited, which may dilute your ownership of our company.
We may, from time to
time, distribute rights to our shareholders, including rights to acquire securities under the deposit agreement relating to the ADSs. The depositary will not offer rights to holders of our ADSs unless both the rights and the securities to which
those rights relate are either exempt from registration under the Securities Act or are registered under the provisions of the Securities Act. We are under no obligation to file a registration statement for any of those rights or underlying
securities or to cause such a registration statement to be declared effective. As a result, holders of our ADSs may be unable to participate in rights offerings by us and may experience dilution of their holdings as a result.
RISKS RELATED TO THE PHILIPPINES
Our business may be affected by
political or social or economic instability in the Philippines.
On May 10, 2004, the Philippines held a presidential election,
where the incumbent President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo successfully retained her post. Shortly after the elections, allegations of irregularities in the presidential elections, such as stolen ballots and vote buying intensified. The Philippine
Congress commenced an inquiry into a wire tapped audio tape which contains a conversation allegedly between President Arroyo and a commissioner of the Commission on Elections discussing the counting of certain votes during the last presidential
election. On June 27, 2005, President Arroyo publicly stated that she did speak to a commissioner of the Commission on Elections in order to protect her votes, but not to influence the outcome of the election. Impeachment complaints based on
allegations of culpable violation of the Constitution, graft and corruption and betrayal of public trust were filed against President Arroyo with the Philippine Congress. In 2005 and 2006, the Philippine Congress voted to reject the impeachment
complaints against President Arroyo.
17
On May 14, 2007, the Philippines held its national and local elections for the Senate and House of
Representatives. The elections resulted in victory for majority of the opposition candidates in the Senate and majority of the Administration candidates in the House of Representatives. In view thereof, any impeachment complaints against President
Arroyo will probably not succeed. However, with opposition candidates ruling the Senate, there can be no assurance that economic policies conducive to sustained economic growth will be adopted by the Philippine Congress.
Coup detat attempts against the administration of President Arroyo have been reported. On February 24, 2006, President Arroyo declared a state
of emergency allowing for warrant less arrests and a temporary take-over of privately-owned utility companies. On March 3, 2006, President Arroyo lifted the state of emergency.
The Philippine government is also facing a fiscal deficit, which it is aiming to eliminate by 2008 by implementing a number of economic reforms.
The fiscal deficit position of the Philippine government and the ongoing political uncertainty has resulted in increased concerns about
the political and economic stability of the country. There can be no assurance that the political environment in the Philippines will be stable or that the current or any future government will adopt economic policies conducive to sustained economic
growth or which do not impact adversely on the current regulatory environment for companies operating in the Philippines.
These events
have created uncertainty as to the stability of the Philippine economy. The Philippine government has implemented a number of measures designed to mitigate the effects of the regions financial crisis on the Philippine economy. The Philippine
governments stated objective has been to restore economic confidence and stability by strengthening economic fundamentals. We cannot assure you that the Philippines will not be subject to increased economic difficulties in the future or that
the current trends will significantly improve in the near future.
A continuation or worsening of the current financial and economic
conditions in the Philippines could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. In particular, our lenders could cancel our short-term credit facilities, which would limit our access to capital to finance our
operations, future expansion and development. The cancellation of such facilities or the inability to obtain sufficient capital to finance our operations could materially harm our business.
New laws and regulations, currency devaluation and political instability in the Philippines and foreign countries could make it more difficult for us to
operate successfully.
We generate a significant portion of our revenues from international markets, including customers in Southeast Asia,
the United States and Europe. All of the facilities currently used to provide our packaging services are located in the Philippines. Our future operations and earnings could be affected by new laws, new regulations, a volatile political climate, and
changes in or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations in countries where we have customers or operations. If future operations are negatively affected by these changes, our sales or profits may suffer.
We are vulnerable to natural disasters and other disruptive events.
We currently conduct our assembly and test operations at our facilities in Taguig, Metro Manila and Calamba, Laguna. Significant damage or other impediments to these facilities as a result of:
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natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods and typhoons;
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utilities outages, including power, water and industrial gases, among others;
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disruptions to our transportation network; or
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political assembly/mass actions
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could disrupt our
manufacturing operations and/or significantly increase our operating costs. To date, we have not experienced significant damage or other disruptions at our facilities as a result of these events. However, such events may occur in the future which
could have a negative impact on our business.
We maintain insurance, including business interruption insurance, against some, but not all,
of these events. We cannot assure you that our insurance will be adequate to cover any direct or indirect losses or liabilities we may suffer.
The
occurrence of natural catastrophes may materially disrupt our operations
The Philippines has experienced a number of major natural
catastrophes over the years including the typhoons, volcanic eruptions and earthquakes that may materially disrupt and adversely affect our business operations. There can be no assurance that the insurance coverage that we maintain for these risks
will adequately compensate it for all damages and economic losses resulting from natural catastrophes.
Epidemics, such as the Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome or avian influenza or other contagious diseases, may adversely affect our operations and our profitability.
Epidemics such as
the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) or a potential avian influenza pandemic could materially affect our operations and our financial health. We rely on more than 2,800 individuals located in manufacturing facilities in the
Philippines, without whom it is not possible to assemble and test the companys products. The Philippines was one among 30 countries identified by the World Health Organization wherein there were confirmed cases of SARS, although the magnitude
of the illness in the Philippines is substantially less than in other Asian countries such as China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. In 2005 and 2006, there have been no reports of SARS or avian influenza in the Philippines.
During 2004 and 2005, the Philippine Department of Health reported 25 suspected cases of meningococcemia in the northern Philippines tourist city of
Baguio, of which 8 cases of the disease have been confirmed since October 2004. The World Health Organization, in its January 12, 2005 advisory, stated that there is no need for members of the publicfrom the Philippines or from
abroadto avoid travel to Baguio.
Illness from an individual that is successively transferred to other individuals could result in a
quarantine of our Taguig or Laguna manufacturing facilities or mass absences, leading to lost productivity and revenue that could irreparably harm the company. We cannot assure you that our operations and finances will not be affected should there
be a recurrence of SARS in the Philippines, within the region or other parts of the world, or any other types of epidemics.
Terrorist attacks, such as
the attacks that occurred in New York and Washington, D.C. on September 11, 2001, and other acts of violence or war, such as the conflict in Iraq, may affect the markets on which our securities trade, the markets in which we operate, our
operations and our profitability.
Terrorist attacks and other acts of violence or war may negatively affect our operations and your
investment. There can be no assurance that there will not be further terrorist attacks against the United States, United States businesses or other countries or foreign businesses. These attacks or armed conflicts may directly impact our physical
facilities or those of our suppliers or customers. Our current facilities include administrative, sales, and
19
manufacturing facilities in the Philippines. Furthermore, these attacks may make travel and the transportation of our supplies and products more difficult
and more expensive and ultimately affect the sales of our products in the United States and overseas. The armed conflict between coalition forces led principally by the United States against armed forces in Iraq could have a further impact on our
domestic and international sales, our supply chain, our production capability and our ability to deliver product to our customers.
The
Philippines experienced terrorist incidents in the southern island of Mindanao and bombing threats within Metro Manila. We cannot assure you that political and economic instability in the Philippines or other regions of the world may not also result
and will not negatively impact our business. The consequences of any of these armed conflicts are unpredictable, and we may not be able to foresee events that could ultimately have an adverse effect on our business or your investment.
ITEM 4 INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
A. History and Development of our Company
Our legal name is PSi Technologies Holdings, Inc. We were incorporated on December 10, 1999 in the Republic of the Philippines under the Corporation
Code of the Philippines or, Batas Pambansa Blg. 68. Our current corporate form will expire on December 10, 2049 and may be extended by shareholder resolution to be approved by the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission or PSEC. Our
principal executive and registered offices are located at FTI Special Economic Zone, Electronics Avenue, Taguig City, 1604, Philippines. Our telephone number at that address is (632) 838-4966. We maintain an Internet web site at
www.psitechnologies.com. Information contained on our web site does not constitute a part of this Annual Report on Form 20-F/A. Our agent for service of process in the Unites States is Rudy Mateo, at Pacsem Technologies Inc. or Pacsem U.S., 2579
Alemany Boulevard, San Francisco, CA. Our telephone number at that address is (415) 518-5942
The following material corporate events
occurred in 2006 and the first half of 2007:
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On April 5, 2006, PSi Chengdu, the companys operating facility in Chengdu, Sichuan, China, informed the Management Committee of the Chengdu Hi-Tech Zone
of our decision to close PSi Chengdu. Commercial operations ceased by the end of April 2006, with loading from the Chengdu facility having been partially shifted to PSis facility in Laguna, Philippines. We recognized a total of US$2.7 million
in asset impairment charges in 2005, while severance and liquidation costs associated with the discontinuance of China operations amounted to US$0.8 million in 2006.
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On June 30, 2006, we notified the SEC that the December 31, 2005 Annual Report on Form 20-F would be delayed and that we expected to file the 20-F no
later than 45 days from the prescribed due date of June 30, 2006.
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On July 13, 2006, we received a Nasdaq Staff Determination Letter indicating that we failed to submit our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended
December 31, 2005 as required by Marketplace Rule 4320 (e) (12), and that our securities were, therefore, subject to delisting from the Nasdaq Capital Market pending a hearing before the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Panel.
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On July 17, 2006, we received a Nasdaq Staff Deficiency Letter indicating that we failed to comply with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing
set forth in Marketplace Rule 4320(e)(2)(E). We were provided 180 calendar days, or until January 16, 2007, to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement of $1.00 per American Depository Share of the Company for a minimum of 10
consecutive business days. If the minimum bid price requirement had not been met by January 16, 2007, Nasdaq staff would provide us with an additional 180 calendar day compliance period only if we meet certain other listing criteria.
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On July 19, 2006, we requested an oral hearing before the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Panel to appeal the Staff determination to delist our securities from
the Nasdaq Capital Market.
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On July 21, 2006, we received a notice from Nasdaq that the delisting action referenced in the Nasdaq Staff Determination Letter of July 13, 2006 has been
stayed, pending a final written decision by the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Panel.
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On July 24, 2006, the Company filed an amendment to its Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004 to reflect the following:
(a) adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. (FIN) 46(R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, (b) correction of errors with respect to the
presentation of restricted cash as a separate item in the 2004 consolidated balance sheet, (c) correction of the accounting for the change in the assumed rate at which pension benefits could be effectively settled and (d) correction for
the misclassification of certain general and administrative expenses that should be presented as cost of sales and selling and marketing expenses for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002.
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On August 16, 2006, the Company filed its Annual Report on Form 20-F/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005 and subsequently received a Nasdaq
Staff letter on August 17, 2006 indicating that the Form 20-F filing delinquency referenced in the Nasdaq Staff Determination Letter of July 13, 2006 had been cured.
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On December 12, 2006, Nasdaq Staff notified us that we had regained compliance with the minimum bid price requirement referenced in the Nasdaq Staff Deficiency
Letter of July 17, 2006.
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On March 13, 2007, Thelma G. Oribello, our Senior Vice President and Chief Finance Officer resigned and moved to Jakarta, Indonesia. Ms. Oribello spent
over 11 years with the Company as Chief Finance Officer. On January 16, 2007, the Company appointed Mr. Francisco H. Suarez, Jr., formerly the Chief Finance Officer of SPI Technologies, as our new Chief Finance Officer.
Mr. Suarez has over 25 years work experience specializing in corporate finance covering the Business Process Outsourcing sector including over 20 years in commercial and investment banking.
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On April 16, 2007, we appointed Mr. Thomas Moersheim as our new Chief Technology Officer. Mr. Moersheim replaced Mr. Jim Knapp who resigned on
May 31, 2006. Mr. Moersheim has over 22 years of work experience with NXP Semiconductors Philippines, Inc. formerly Philips Semiconductors Philippines, Inc), holding various executive positions in Innovation, Customer Support, and Quality
and Reliability. Prior to joining us, Mr. Moersheim was the Director for Subcontract Management Philippines of NXP Semiconductors, Industrial Strategy and Operation.
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On June 29, 2007, we filed Form 12b-25 notifying the U.S. SEC that we will file the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
no later than 15 days after June 30, 2007.
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B. Business Overview
Power Semiconductor Assembly and Test Services
We
provide comprehensive power semiconductor assembly, test and drop shipment services to meet the needs of our customers. Power semiconductors are single and multi-function semiconductor devices that regulate, control, switch and manage the electrical
power used in all electrical devices such as automotive systems, communications and networking equipment, computers and peripherals, consumer electronics, electronic office equipment and industrial products, and home appliances, among others. Power
semiconductors typically operate from 35-1200 volts.
Assembly services.
We provide a full array of assembly services for power
conversion and power management semiconductors. Assembly services refers to the process by which power semiconductors are packaged. The semiconductor package is critical to a chips performance and functionality and is the interface that allows
the semiconductor device to connect to the end product (i.e. printed circuit boards). Packaging serves to protect the chip and facilitate electrical connections and heat dissipation.
21
We work exclusively with assembly processes that use lead frames or leaded assembly, the only assembly
design that can accommodate the high voltage requirements of most power semiconductors. Power assembly differs from non-power assembly because it often requires special solder alloy die bonding machines and heavy-duty wire bonding machines. In
addition to the alloy die bonding capability, we provide our customer with an epoxy-based and eutectic die bonding capability. Equipment designed for traditional non-power wire bonding cannot accommodate the large diameter wire required for power
semiconductors. Power wire bonding equipment is also moderately more expensive than non-power wire bonding equipment, although the former has a longer useful life.
Although the outside appearance of power conversion packages has experienced minimal changes, packaging technology and know-how have continued to evolve to meet the requirements of increasingly complex semiconductors.
The chart below illustrates the major steps in the assembly and test process.
Design services
. We also offer our customers design
services to address their power packaging needs. When implementing new or custom package orders, we interact with customers early in the design process to optimize package design and ensure manufacturability. After a design is finished, we provide
quick-turn prototype services. By offering package design and prototype development, we help our customers reduce product development costs, accelerate time-to-volume production, and ensure that new designs are properly packaged at a reasonable
cost.
Test services
. We provide final test services for power semiconductors. Final test is the last stage in the back-end
semiconductor production process before shipping the completed package. We use sophisticated test equipment owned by us, as well as those consigned to us by some of our customers, to test the electrical or product application attributes of each
semiconductor.
We have the capability to test most of the power semiconductors we assemble. Outlined below is a brief description of our
test capabilities:
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Parametric Test.
Capable of testing all known discrete parameters (diodes, thyristors, bipolar transistors, MOSFETS, IGBTs) and analog voltage regulators;
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Avalanche Testing or Unclamped Inductive Load Switching Testing (UIL/ISB)
. Tests the capability of the device to handle high voltage applications such as
motors and power supplies;
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Thermal Resistance Test
. Tests the devices thermal response to detect potential assembly problems;
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Reverse Recovery Time Testing (TRR)
. Measures the time it takes for current to go to zero when switching the flow of electricity from forward to reverse.
This test measures the time it takes for the device to completely turn off;
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Q+ Testing
. A second DC test;
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Integrated Serial Testing
. Incorporates various tests into one pass or insertion;
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Package Isolation Testing
. Tests the ability of the package to withstand electricity flow from the electrical leads to the mounting surface; and
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Embossed Carrier Taping
. Process of inserting tested units into each pocket of the embossed carrier tape for automatic placement or mounting into the printed
circuit board.
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Materials management and drop shipment services
. We provide our customers with a full range of
materials procurement services and work with key raw material and equipment suppliers to ensure reliable production readiness at reasonable cost. We have installed a materials resource planning system that allows us to maximize the use of
information technology in managing inventory. We also provide packaging for shipment, including embossed carrier taping for surface-mount packages and paper-taping for standard packages. We provide drop shipment services, including the delivery of
final tested semiconductors, to our customers end-customers in most parts of the world.
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Non-Power Semiconductor Assembly and Test Services
We provide assembly, test and special process services for standard non-power semiconductors to maintain long-established customer partnerships. Non-power
integrated circuit semiconductors typically operate at lower power levels and integrate multiple functions such as processing and conveying complex information in electronic form. We have assembly lines for a number of standard non-power packages
that accommodate various customer requirements. Some of our non-power services are organized as dedicated business units such as a captive test line for various packages for Vishay Intertechnology Asia PT and Microsemi.
Packages
We offer semiconductor packages for both
power semiconductor and standard non-power semiconductor applications. Historically, our first package offerings were for standard non-power applications including metal cans for devices such as Field Effect Transistors (FETs). and
diodes. In 1994, we began offering semiconductor packages specifically for power semiconductor applications. Since 1995, we have focused primarily on providing power semiconductor assembly, test services and packaging, increasing that portion of our
business to represent approximately 96.8% of revenue in 2006. In 2004, we started offering and qualifying our Power Quad Flat No-Lead (PQFN) packages to our customers. The following table sets out for the periods indicated the percentage
of our revenue (including revenue generated by discontinuing operations) by package type:
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Years ended December 31
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2002
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2003
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2004
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2005
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2006
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Power Semiconductors
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89
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%
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94
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%
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95
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%
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97
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%
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97
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%
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Non-power Semiconductors
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11
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%
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6
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%
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5
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%
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3
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%
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3
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%
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TOTAL
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100
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%
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100
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%
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100
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%
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100
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%
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100
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%
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Power Packages and Applications
. Power semiconductors can be found in a vast array of
everyday products. We believe we offer our customers the broadest line of power semiconductor packages in the industry. Our packages offer either standard or advanced thermal and electrical characteristics to accommodate varying power semiconductor
applications. We focus our package development on producing improvements to existing customer designs and providing packages that are advanced, durable and cost effective for our customers.
Our power packages are both leaded packages and no-leaded. Leaded packages for power semiconductors product are characterized by metal leads protruding
from one or more sides of the package. The metal leads serves as the interconnect medium for the encapsulated semiconductor chip to the outside environment. When attached to a printed circuit board, the metal leads is used to integrate the
semiconductor device into the end product. We offer leaded packages that are used in traditional pin-through-hole technology and advanced surface mount technology. Our pin-through-hole packages are designed to be plugged into printed circuit boards
by soldering the leads inserted through holes on the board and are generally used for applications with high power requirements and minimal space restrictions. Our surface mount technology packages soldered on lands or pads on the surface of the
printed circuit boards and are generally used for applications with height restrictions. The Power QFN package is a quad, flat pack, no lead surface mounted package. The small size and weight along with excellent thermal (heat dissipation) and
electrical performance make the package suitable for portable handheld applications where size, weight and package performance are required.
Nearly all of our power semiconductor packages can accommodate more than one power semiconductor product application. Power semiconductors can serve a number of product applications, including input rectification, control/switching and
output regulation. Input rectification generally refers to converting alternating current(AC), to direct current(DC). Controlling or switching ON/OFF of the current/voltage entering a circuit is one of the basic functions of a discrete
semiconductor device. Finally, output regulation means maintaining the input signal at a specified value needed by the circuit.
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Outlined below is a brief description of power semiconductor products that we assemble and test:
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Diodes
. Schottky, ultra fast and general purpose (rectifiers) diodes used in high frequency circuits or switch mode power supplies.
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PowerMetal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs)
. Switching and control devices that combine fast switching, and low on-state resistance in
a cost effective design. They serve a large percentage of the need for power control devices.
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TriacsTRIACS, Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCR) and Thyristors.
Commonly used as triggering and control switching devices. They are an essential element in
the control of electrical motor speed in appliances and equipments.
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Voltage Regulators
. Often used as a voltage protection and power control device in electronic systems. A voltage regulator ensures a constant DC output
voltage regardless of changes in a range of load current and input voltage.
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Transient Voltage Suppressors (TVS)
. Control devices used to provide voltage surge protection in non-power semiconductors. This device will safely protect
sensitive equipment from sudden or abrupt changes in voltage supply that can damage the equipment or unit.
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Power Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs)
. Medium speed switches used for power supplies of a wide variety of electronic products, ranging from computer
peripherals to industrial equipment.
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Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors
(
IGBTs)
.A semiconductor device with a gate behavior similar to a MOSFET and a low on-state collector-emitter
voltage similar to a BJT.
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The following table lists the power packages we assemble and test:
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Package Type and Lead Count
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Product Application
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End Market
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SC-70
(5 leads)
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diode, small signal transistor, voltage regulator
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home appliances, office/industrial equipment, personal computers, communications equipment
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SOT-23
(3/5 leads)
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voltage regulator
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home appliances, office/industrial equipment, personal computers, communications equipment
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SOT-223
(3 leads)
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voltage regulator, bipolar, diode
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home appliances, office/industrial equipment, personal computers, communications equipment
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SOT-89
(3 leads)
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voltage regulator
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home appliances, office/industrial equipment, personal computers, communications equipment
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TO-126/SOT-32
(3 leads)
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thyristor, triacs
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home appliances
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TO-92/DO-92
(3 leads / 2 leads)
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transient suppressor, voltage regulator
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office/communications equipment
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TO-251/TO-252
(IPAK/DPAK)
(3 leads/2 and 5 leads)
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MOSFET, high power bipolar, voltage regulator, rectifier/diode, triacs
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home appliances, personal computers, lighting, automotive
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SOT-82
(3 leads)
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thyristor, triacs
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home appliances
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Package Type and Lead Count
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Product Application
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End Market
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PowerFlex
(2, 3, 5, 7 leads)
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voltage regulator
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home appliances, office/industrial equipment, personal computers, communications equipment
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Powermite
(2 and 3 leads)
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diode, rectifier, MOSFET, transient suppressor
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communications, computers, consumer electronics
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LFPAK
(4 leads)
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power transistor, thyristor, IGBT
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personal computers, office and communications equipment, automotive systems
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Power QFN
(Various pad configurations, package sizes and
no. of I/O terminals)
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diode, small signal and power transistor, thyristor, voltage regulator
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communications, computers, consumer electronics
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TO-220/DO-220
(2, 3, 5, 6, 7 leads)
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voltage regulator, MOSFET, thyristor, triacs, rectifier, diode
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automotive systems, home appliances, office/industrial, personal computers, consumer electronics
|
|
|
|
TO-263
(2, 3, 5 leads)
|
|
MOSFET, IGBT, voltage regulator, diode, rectifier, thyristors
|
|
home appliances, personal computers
|
|
|
|
TO-220 full pack or isolated
(3 leads/2
leads)
|
|
diode, rectifier, MOSFET, IGBT, thyristor, voltage regulator
|
|
home appliances, personal computers, automotive
|
|
|
|
SOT-93
(3 leads)
|
|
power transistor, thyristor, IGBT, rectifier thyristors
|
|
home appliances
|
|
|
|
TO-247
(2 and 3 leads)
|
|
MOSFET, IGBT, diode, rectifier, thyristor
|
|
home appliances, personal computers, automotive
|
|
|
|
TO-264
(2 and 3 leads)
|
|
MOSFET, IGBT, diode, rectifier, thyristor
|
|
home appliances, personal computers, lighting, automotive
|
|
|
|
SOT-227
(4 leads)
|
|
MOSFET, diode, rectifier, IGBT, power module
|
|
automotive systems, industrial equipment
|
|
|
|
Power Modules
|
|
rectifier, power transistor, thyristor, IGBT
|
|
industrial equipment, automotive systems, home appliances
|
Non-power packages and applications
. We assemble and/or test a limited number of standard
non-power semiconductor packages primarily for industrial, automotive and military use. The following table lists the non-power packages we assemble and/or test:
|
|
|
|
|
Package Type and Lead Count
|
|
Product Application
|
|
End Market
|
|
|
|
PDIP
(8, 14,
16, 24, 48, 54, 64 leads)
|
|
digital signal processor, switch, amplifier
|
|
automotive, industrial, communications equipment
|
|
|
|
SOIC
(8 leads)
|
|
Amplifier
|
|
industrial, consumer, communications equipment, computer
|
|
|
|
CERDIP
(8, 14,
16, 20, 22, 24, 28, 40 leads)
|
|
amplifier, diode array
|
|
military, industrial equipment
|
25
|
|
|
|
|
Package Type and Lead Count
|
|
Product Application
|
|
End Market
|
|
|
|
CERPACK
(3 and 40 leads)
|
|
amplifier, diode array
|
|
military, industrial equipment
|
|
|
|
Flatpack
(10, 14, 16 leads)
|
|
amplifier, diode array
|
|
military, industrial equipment
|
|
|
|
CLCC
(3 and 20 leads)
|
|
amplifier, diode array
|
|
military, industrial equipment
|
|
|
|
Metal cans
(2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10 pins)
|
|
amplifier, diode array
|
|
military, industrial equipment
|
|
|
|
Metal cans
(2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10 leads)
|
|
field effect transistor, diode, amplifier
|
|
military/commercial, automotive, communications equipment
|
Packages and processes under development.
Power semiconductor form-factor and performance
requirements continue to evolve to meet ever-increasing demands of end-market applications. We are currently developing packages and related processes to address the need for:
|
|
|
Advanced interconnect capability, e.g. aluminum ribbon bonding and heavy wire bonding for PQFN packages.
|
|
|
|
Aluminum wire to copper bonding;
|
|
|
|
Dual and multi-die packaging;
|
|
|
|
Stacked Die Power QFN products
|
|
|
|
Solder Screen printing process
|
|
|
|
Wafer back-grinding process
|
|
|
|
Packages that meet MSL 1 260°C requirements;
|
|
|
|
Environmentally friendly assembly materials and processes;
|
|
|
|
Cost effective materials.
|
We also
continue to increase our support functions for thermal and mechanical stress analysis and board level reliability characterization. We offer a full range of package functional testing and product analysis for all of our existing packages and
packages under development. We have a full service reliability laboratory that can subject assembled semiconductor products in a wide range of reliability tests.
The Semiconductor Industry and the Power Semiconductor Market
Semiconductors are critical components used in an
increasingly wide variety of applications. They are used in telecommunications and networking systems, computers and computer peripherals, consumer electronics and home appliances, electronic office equipment, automotive systems and industrial
products. According to the Semiconductor Industry Association, revenue for the worldwide semiconductor device market increased by 1.3% to $140.7 billion in 2002, 18.3% to $166.4 billion in 2003, 28.0% to $213.0 billion in 2004, 6.8% to $227.5
billion in 2005 and 8.9% to $247.7 billion in 2006, a record for semiconductor sales. Although the semiconductor industry is highly cyclical, it has grown by a compounded annual growth rate of 12.4% over the past 20 years based on SIA data. The
industrys downturns were caused by a number of factors in the past, including: overcapacity, reduced product demand due to excessive purchases in previous periods, obsolescence, the introduction of new products and technologies, reduction in
personal disposable incomes and corporate information technology budgets and other factors, increased competition and lower pricing.
The
power semiconductor market is a large and steadily growing segment of the semiconductor industry. Power semiconductors are found in virtually every electronic device as they are needed to switch electrical power
26
on and off, regulate the flow of electricity through electronic devices, and protect electronic components from surges and wear and tear. Based on year-end
SIA Blue Book Statistics, we estimate that the worldwide market for power semiconductors grew by 11.2% in 2006. Sales were $21.1 billion in 2005 and $23.5 billion in 2006. The volume shipments also increased from 312.8 billion units in 2005 and
347.6 billion units in 2006. The average selling price remained flat for the two-year period. IMS Research, a research company reveals however that the medium and long-term outlook for the market is very encouraging with Compounded Annual Growth
Rate or CAGR of 8.3% forecast for the next five (5) years.
A number of factors contributed to the size of and growth in this industry
segment. The proliferation of consumer electronic devices, wireless communications, and mobile computing are factors driving demand for new generations of power semiconductors that are smaller, lighter and more efficient. At the same time, new
automotive and industrial applications are creating demand for more powerful, intelligent and reliable power semiconductors for which miniaturization is not a critical factor. Finally, electronics manufacturers are aggressively seeking to reduce
manufacturing costs and time-to-market. These factors continue to spur demand for increasingly advanced power semiconductor solutions.
The
power semiconductor market has over time, exhibited seasonality in its billings on a quarter-over-quarter basis. Based on statistics from the SIA, growth in quarter-on-quarter billings from power semiconductors were the highest during the second and
third quarters. Growth is lower in the first quarter and typically negative in the fourth quarter. We believe that the slow first quarter start of the industry is the result of lower demand visibility at the start of the year. As visibility
increases over time, orders typically increase, prompting stronger second and third quarter sequential growth. Generally, third quarter billings are higher than fourth quarter billings as customers usually order product in the third quarter to sell
during the Christmas season. With the end of the Christmas build, industry billings typically decline during the fourth quarter.
Power
semiconductors are easily distinguished from non-power integrated circuit semiconductors. Power semiconductors typically operate at high power levels and perform a discrete function within an electronic system by converting or managing electrical
current. The capabilities of power semiconductors are defined largely by the level of power they can handle and their efficiency in converting electric current into a more useful form. In contrast, non-power integrated circuit semiconductors
typically operate at lower power levels and integrate multiple functions such as processing and conveying complex information in electronic form. The performance of non-power semiconductors is defined largely by the number of functions that can be
integrated within a fixed amount of space on a semiconductor, often referred to as circuit density. Circuit density for non-power semiconductors has increased rapidly over time as a result of improved semiconductor manufacturing and design
technology. Rapid increases in circuit densities have led to shorter product life cycles for non-power semiconductors. Power semiconductors have undergone relatively less miniaturization and integration than non-power semiconductors because power
semiconductors are required to manage and convert high levels of power, which generate significant amounts of heat. The result is that the power semiconductor market has been characterized by longer product life cycles and less severe average
selling price erosion than the market for non-power semiconductors.
Semiconductor Production Process: Front-end and Back-end
The semiconductor production process can be divided into two sequential sub-processes commonly referred to as front-end and back-end production, both of
which contain many steps. The entire process, both front-end and back-end production, is complex and requires sophisticated engineering and manufacturing expertise. The diagram below summarizes the process.
Front-end Production: Wafer Fabrication.
Front-end production refers primarily to wafer fabrication. It starts with a clean disc-shaped silicon
wafer that will ultimately become many silicon chips. First, a photomask that defines the circuit patterns for the transistors and interconnect layers is created. This mask is then laid on the clean silicon wafer and is used to map the circuit
design. Transistors and other circuit elements are then formed on the wafer through photolithography. Photolithography involves a series of steps in which a photosensitive
27
material is deposited on the wafer and exposed to light through a patterned mask; unwanted exposed material is then etched away, leaving only the desired
circuit pattern on the wafer. By stacking the various patterns, individual elements of the semiconductor chip are defined. During the final phase of the front-end production process, each individual chip on the wafer is electrically tested to
identify properly functioning chips for assembly.
Back-end Production: Assembly and Test.
Back-end production refers to the
assembly and test of individual semiconductors. The assembly process is necessary to protect the chip, facilitate its integration into electronic systems, limit electrical interference and enable the dissipation of heat from the device. Once the
front-end production process is complete, the wafer is transferred to an assembly facility, where it is sawed into individual semiconductor chips. These semiconductor chips are then individually attached by means of an alloy or an adhesive to a lead
frame, a metallic device used to connect the semiconductor to a circuit board. Leads on the lead frame are then connected by aluminum or gold wires to the input/output terminals on the semiconductor chip through the use of automated machines known
as wire bonders. Each semiconductor device is then encapsulated in a plastic molding compound or ceramic case, forming the package.
After
assembly, power semiconductors are tested for different operating specifications, including functionality, voltage, current and timing. The completed packages are then shipped to the customer or to their final end-user destination through drop
shipment.
The Trend Toward Outsourcing
In the past, most semiconductors were produced internally by independent device manufacturers, or IDMs. These IDMs designed, manufactured and assembled semiconductors specifically for their own end products.
This required IDMs to have expertise and equipment for both front-end semiconductor design and fabrication and back-end assembly and test processes.
Today, the trend is for IDMs to outsource as much of the manufacture and assembly process as possible. IDMs increasingly are focusing their efforts and resources on semiconductor design, where they can best differentiate their products from
competitors and away from the assembly and test process.
The principal economic rationale behind the semiconductor outsourcing model is
that it reduces risk for both IDMs and independent semiconductor assembly and test service providers. For IDMs, outsourcing allows them to focus on their core competency of wafer semiconductor design and fabrication, shifts manufacturing and
utilization risk to the independent service providers, reduces their capital expenditure requirements and grants them access to new package technologies. For assembly and test service providers, outsourcing supplies them with a diversified customer
base to ensure high equipment utilization rates, reduces dependence on the success of any single semiconductor offering and exposes them to the latest technologies employed by numerous leading IDMs. Additionally, outsourcing benefits both parties by
enabling assembly and test service providers to develop a core competency and efficiency beyond that which an IDM could maintain in-house.
On June 19, 2006, we entered into a Sales and Investment Agreement with Infineon Technologies Inc. for the assembly and test of certain of its packages at committed volumes at a certain level of committed prices for a period of one
year. In turn, we will make additional investments in assembly and test equipment. This trend is consistent with the general trend toward outsourcing in the power semiconductor industry. We believe that this trend towards increased outsourcing
coupled with the overall market size for power semiconductors creates opportunities for independent power semiconductor assembly and test companies.
Suppliers
We have two primary categories of suppliers: equipment suppliers and raw materials suppliers. We periodically
purchase equipment through several suppliers to meet our assembly and testing requirements. We have no binding supply agreements with any of our equipment suppliers and orders are placed on an as needed basis.
28
The principal raw materials used in our assembly process are lead frames, molding compound and
gold/aluminum wire.
The pricing of our raw materials is currently dictated by the increases in the prices of commodities, which influence
total cost. Copper for instance has significantly increased for the past 4 years. In 2004, Copper was at $3,144 per ton based on the historical London Metal Exchange. Copper was at $4,585 per ton in 2005 and $6,280 per ton in 2006. Because copper is
the biggest component of our lead frames, a pre-negotiated formula was agreed to almost all lead frame suppliers and reviews for price changes is usually done every quarter. The price of gold wire used for wire bonding changes according to the price
of gold in world commodity markets. The price of other commodities used in our raw materials and manufacturing process also changes according to the price of these commodities in world commodity markets. We negotiate with our customers to absorb the
impact of these price increases, however, such negotiations may not always be successful. In 2007, we have continued to focus on cost reduction, especially with regard to material and supplier substitution, improvement on material rejection and
freight/brokerage reduction. We review weekly the detailed plans defined to support the strategies developed to attain its cost reduction targets.
Crude oil prices were higher by 40.5%, gold prices were higher by 25.8%, silver prices were higher by 50.9%, copper prices were higher by 37%, and nickel prices were lower by 158% in 2006 as compared to 2005. We review and discuss price
changes weekly in an internal Cost Review Committee, to develop short-term and long-term strategies and action plans to manage and lower our raw materials costs. For lead frames, we review the prices on a quarterly basis due to the increasing trend
in copper prices.
Deliveries of lead frames are based on notice from the Purchasing Department. We provide suppliers with purchase order
coverage according to their lead times and also provide them with weekly forecast of demand, which becomes their reference for ordering materials and initiating production. For molding compounds and packaging materials, we have warehousing
agreements with two (2) major suppliers wherein each supplier maintains buffer stocks in the warehouse. We will only require delivery according to dice availability from customer. For spare parts we maintain six (6) major suppliers, each
under a consignment agreement.
We generally purchase raw materials based on non-binding forecasts provided by our customers. Our customers
are generally responsible for any unused raw materials that result from a forecast exceeding actual orders. We however may not be successful all the time in enforcing such requirement from our customers. We work closely with our primary raw
materials suppliers to insure that materials are available and delivered on time. We are now moving towards supplier partnership with lead frames and molding compound suppliers. Such move increases the volume leverage thus increases the total cost
advantage. We work with several mold manufacturers to produce mold tooling for the plastic packaging.
Marketing and Sales
Our marketing strategy focuses on the power semiconductor market. Our customer marketing efforts are tailored to the needs of leading manufacturers of
power semiconductors. Our strategy is to deepen relationships with our current IDM customers by providing them with base capacity versus our historical business model of providing overflow or flux capacity. By providing our customers with base
capacity, our customers are able to reduce their internal production capacities to us, thereby minimizing the volatility of our revenue and volumes.
We are developing a non-traditional market base for our existing assembly and test capabilities and capacities, by identifying and selling to companies without fabrication and/or assembly capabilities. Our current
legacy products have been in existence for over two decades. Such packages have not merely lost their upward surge in market, where prices can go at premiums, but due to their maturity, have become very low margin products. Selling to fabless
companies permits us to maintain a better price premium and somewhat cushions us from the volatility of the market. Fabless companies do not have the option of pulling-in to fill up internal capacity, and remain relatively loyal to their
outsource partners.
29
We intend to co-develop leading edge packaging and inter-connect technology with our customers to meet
their and their end customers specific power packaging needs. The Power QFN family of packages is an example of a leading-edge package. Through the intellectual property currently under development for this family of packages, we are
co-designing devices with copper clip, and solder die attach, with the goal of meeting customer electrical requirements and industry reliability standards. On November 16, 2005, we filed a U.S. patent application for a method of putting
isolated metallic interconnections onto a metallic substrate. In 2005, we qualified and produced the 3x3 Power QFN for our first customer for Power QFN. In 2006, we successfully qualified for production the 5x6 mm and 3.3 x 3.3 mm versions for the
Power QFN for our next customers.
We offer our customers the opportunity to purchase only the assembly and test services they request
without the obligation to purchase other services we offer. Our customers can also take advantage of our services on a back-end turnkey basis that includes assembly, final test and end-order fulfillment. In addition, we can work in conjunction with
our customers to design cost effective, reliable packages to accommodate new chip designs.
The small number of existing and potential
customers enables our primary market development efforts to be executed through executive-level discussions between potential customers and ourselves. We support our market development efforts with customer and product-specific technical teams
assembled to address the specific needs of each customer design and order. Our marketing initiatives include participation in trade shows, customer calls, product sampling, technical bulletins and brochures, industry publications and news releases
and a web site for general information purposes. As of December 31, 2006, we employed 14 professionals in marketing, sales and customer service.
Competition
The independent semiconductor assembly and test business is very competitive, with competition both from other
independent assembly and test businesses and the internal capacity of major IDMs. We believe our primary competition is with the internal assembly and testing departments of many of our largest customers. The outsourcing of internal capacity by
large IDMs represents our largest market opportunity. We compete to provide our customers with a lower-cost, turnkey outsourced solution to replace their internal capacity commitment. Our main independent competitors are those assembly and test
businesses primarily engaged in the manufacturing of similar packages, including:
|
|
|
Carsem Semiconductor Co., Ltd.;
|
|
|
|
Greatek Electronics Inc.;
|
|
|
|
Enoch Semiconductor Corp.;
|
|
|
|
Fastech Microassembly & Test, Inc.;
|
|
|
|
Hana Microelectronics Public Co., Ltd.;
|
|
|
|
Huashan Electronic Device Co.; and
|
We compete
indirectly with businesses that focus primarily on non-power integrated circuit semiconductor assembly and test, including:
|
|
|
Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc.;
|
|
|
|
Amkor Technology, Inc.;
|
30
|
|
|
Siliconware Precision Industries Co., Ltd.;
|
|
|
|
Orient Semiconductor Electronics ;
|
|
|
|
Shinko Electric Industries Co. Ltd.; and
|
|
|
|
Advanced Interconnect Technologies, Inc.
|
We believe the principal elements of competition in the overall independent semiconductor assembly market include technical competence, sophistication of design services, quality, time-to-market, array of assembly services, production
yields, and customer service. We believe that we compete favorably as a market leader in these areas within the independent power semiconductor assembly segment.
Our customers typically rely on at least two independent providers of assembly and test services. Independent providers of semiconductor assembly and test services must pass lengthy and rigorous qualification
processes that can take up to three to six months for a typical leaded package. In addition, customers incur substantial costs in qualifying each new provider of semiconductor assembly and test services. Due to these factors and the heightened
time-to-market demands of semiconductor end-users, semiconductor manufacturers incur significant costs in switching assemblers and are often reluctant to change or add assemblers.
Many of our primary independent competitors have significant assembly capacity, financial resources, research and development operations, marketing and
other capabilities, and have been operating for some time. Many of these companies also have established relationships with the same semiconductor companies, which are our current or potential customers.
Government Regulations
No local legislation has been
passed which specifically regulates the semiconductor industry in the Philippines. However, we are subject to laws of general application in the Philippines, including the Corporation Code, the Local Government Code, the Tariff and Customs Code, the
Securities Regulation Code, the National Internal Revenue Code, laws on environmental matters (see Property, Plant and EquipmentEnvironmental Matters), the Special Economic Zone Act of 1995 (R.A. No. 7916), rules and
regulations issued by the Philippine SEC, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (Philippine Central Bank), the Board of Investments, the Bureau of Internal Revenue, the Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA), the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources, and other government agencies.
Our Approach and Strategy
We are a leading independent provider of power semiconductor assembly and test services to the power semiconductor market. We provide comprehensive assembly and test services to a diverse customer base which includes
most of the major power semiconductor manufacturers in the world. Our top five power semiconductor customers represented 91.2% of our revenues in 2006:
|
|
|
Infineon Technologies, Inc;
|
|
|
|
Semiconductor Components Industries, Ltd. (ON Semiconductor);
|
|
|
|
Philips Semiconductor Philippines, Inc. and
|
|
|
|
Power Integration, Inc.
|
31
We provide our customers with a broad array of packages and services designed specifically for power
semiconductors. We use our expertise in power assembly and test to benefit our customers and collaborate with them to design new power packages to address their enhanced thermal and electrical product performance requirements. We believe our focused
assembly and test expertise in the power semiconductor segment, our broad package offerings and our turnkey service capability makes us a preferred service provider for outsourced assembly and test services in the power semiconductor market.
We benefit from our location in the Philippines. In addition to being a low cost manufacturing center, the Philippines has become a hub
for semiconductor assembly and test manufacturing services. Several major semiconductor manufacturers have located assembly and test facilities in the Philippines, including Intel, Fairchild Semiconductor, ON Semiconductor, Philips and Texas
Instruments, as well as a number of independent assembly and test companies. We benefit from this concentration of assembly and test business in the Philippines because it has created a pool of professionals trained in assembly and test services and
a community of businesses focused on packaging technology.
Our Customers
We provide power and non-power semiconductor assembly and test services to over 20 customers. Our power semiconductor customers include most of the major
power semiconductor companies in the world.
Our top five customers accounted for approximately 81% in 2004, 87% in 2005 and 91.0% in 2006
of total revenue (including revenue generated by discontinuing operations). Our largest customer accounted for approximately 30% in 2004, 34% in 2005 and 48% in 2006. The following table sets forth the Companys top five customers as a
percentage of revenue for the years 2004, 2005 and 2006:
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage to
Total Revenue
|
2006
|
|
|
Infineon Technologies, Inc.
|
|
47.7
|
Spett.le ST Microeletronics
|
|
17.8
|
Semiconductor Component Industries, Inc.
|
|
13.8
|
NXP Semiconductors (formerly Philips Semiconductors)
|
|
8.1
|
Power Integration, Inc.
|
|
3.6
|
Total
|
|
91.0
|
2005
|
|
|
Infineon Technologies, Inc.
|
|
34.5
|
Philips Semiconductor
|
|
17.3
|
Spett.le STMicroelectronics
|
|
16.2
|
Semiconductor Components Industries, Ltd.
|
|
13.7
|
Texas Instruments, Inc.
|
|
5.0
|
Total
|
|
86.7
|
2004
|
|
|
Infineon Technologies, Inc.
|
|
30.2
|
Spett.le STMicroelectronics
|
|
17.5
|
Semiconductor Components Industries, Ltd.
|
|
13.7
|
Philips Semiconductor
|
|
10.5
|
Texas Instruments, Inc.
|
|
9.0
|
Total
|
|
80.9
|
32
The table below sets forth our significant power and non-power customers ranked in terms of our revenues
for the year ended December 31, 2006:
|
|
|
Power Services
|
|
Non-Power Services
|
Infineon Technologies, Inc.
|
|
Vishay Intertechnology Asia PT
|
Spett.le STMicroelectronics
|
|
Texas Instruments Phils., Inc.
|
Semiconductor Components Industries, Ltd.
|
|
Microsemi Corp
|
Philips Semiconductors Philippines, Inc.
|
|
|
Power Integration, Inc.
|
|
|
Texas Instruments, Inc. (USA)
|
|
|
Vishay Intertechnology Asia PT
|
|
|
Microsemi Corp Integrated Products
|
|
|
Bourns Limited
|
|
|
The following table sets forth our revenues (including revenue generated by discontinuing
operations) by geographic region (customer domicile):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Geographic Region
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
United States
|
|
30.7
|
%
|
|
25.2
|
%
|
|
22.4
|
%
|
Europe
|
|
61.7
|
%
|
|
69.7
|
%
|
|
71.6
|
%
|
Asia
|
|
7.6
|
%
|
|
5.1
|
%
|
|
6.0
|
%
|
Our customers generally do not place their purchase orders far in advance. As a result, we do not
typically operate with any significant backlog. Eleven of our customers have placed equipment on consignment with us in our facilities. We are also contractually obligated to make capacity available to selected customers.
Customer Support
We interact very closely with our
customers throughout the qualification stage and production process. We assign a customer service professional to coordinate with the account team composed of package development, process engineering, manufacturing and customer service and logistics
support. We also provide immediate technical assistance during the development stage, and detailed electronic information of important indices relevant to the performance of our customers products once in full production.
Quality Management
We are committed to delivering
defect-free products and timely services to the utmost satisfaction of our customers with the goal of continuously improving quality, service efficiency, cost and technology, while ensuring product safety and the well being of our employees,
customers, users and the environment. We believe quality is the responsibility of each individual employee in the Company. Quality ownership is implemented through Total Control Methodology (TCM), a discipline approach benchmark from Motorola in the
early years of PSi. We have implemented and count Advanced Product Quality Planning and Control Plan, Potential Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Poka Yoke, seven Quality Tools, 8D and Smart PSM as among our quality control, monitoring and
solving tools and techniques. We believe that our corporate-wide commitment to quality and our total quality management system are key elements of our semiconductor assembly and test operations. As of December 31, 2006, we employed 39
professionals, engineers, technicians and other personnel dedicated solely to quality control (30 in the Taguig facility, 9 in the Laguna facility).
Our facilities in Taguig and Laguna are ISO 9001/2000 certified. The Taguig and Laguna sites are also ISO14001 and TS16949 certified. We are the first Philippine company to be given the TS16949 (1999 version)
certification in the Philippines. Our Laguna facility is a Bosch-certified site, with a rating of A. ISO 9002 is a worldwide manufacturing quality certification program regarding industrial quality systems that is administered by a third
party certifying body, in our case TUV Product Service, under the auspices of the Independent
33
Standards Organization. ISO14001 is an Environmental Management System Certification. TS 16949 is the Quality Management System for Automotive devices. It is
the international version of QS 9000 (manufacturing certification program used mainly by American car manufacturers) and harmonizes the QS 9000 requirements with other requirements generally used by European car manufacturers.
Our Taguig facility is listed in Mil-PRF-38535 programs of the United States Defense Supply Center Columbus (US DSCC). Certification through these
programs is required in order to supply products for U.S. military defense use. In January 2005, our Taguig facility was awarded the ANSI ESD S2020 Certification, a standard that provides administrative, technical requirements and guidance for
establishing, implementing, and maintaining an ESD Control Program to protect electrical or electronic parts, assemblies and equipment susceptible to ESD damage from Human Body Model (HBM) discharges greater than or equal to 100 volts. We are also
certified by Infineon, ON Semiconductor, Texas Instruments, Philips and ST through their supplier development programs.
Certain of our
products have passed the rigorous Moisture Sensitivity Level 1 tests, a standard traceable to JEDEC (formerly known as Joint Electron Device Engineering Councila semiconductor engineering standardization body of the Electronic Industries
Alliance, a trade association that represents all areas of the electronics industry) J-STD-020B requirements, and Underwriters Laboratory for Industrial Safety. The MSLs are expressed in numbers, with the MSL number increasing with the
vulnerability of the package to moisture. MSL 1 corresponds to packages that are not sensitive to moisture ingression even at an ambient condition of 100% Relative Humidity.
In September 2004, our Taguig facility was the first Philippine-based company awarded the Asia Pacific Quality Award (Best of its Class Distinction). In
2002, we were awarded the Philippine Quality Award (Level II) for Proficiency in Quality Management. The Philippine Quality Award is the Philippine equivalent of the U.S. Malcolm Baldridge Award, which is considered to be one of the most prestigious
national awards.
Insurance
We
maintain insurance policies (Industrial All Risks [IAR]) covering some types of losses, including losses due to business interruption and losses due to fire, typhoon, flood and earthquake, which we consider to be adequate. Our insurance policies
cover our buildings, machinery and equipment as well as the machinery and equipment of our customers. Significant damage to our production facilities, whether as a result of fire or other causes, would have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations. Other coverage includes marine open and marine inland policies, which includes all importations of various goods and raw materials as well as transfer of goods from one location to another. We also have
coverage for all company owned transportation equipment. Business travel insurance is also in place whenever key personnel leave for travel, whether local or international. However, we are not insured against the loss of any of our key personnel. In
addition, we maintain insurance policies covering directors and officers liability, and entity coverage relating to securities related claims.
C.
Organizational Structure
In December 1999, we completed a corporate reorganization to provide us with enough shares to list on the
Nasdaq as part of our ADS offering in March, 2000. This reorganization entailed two steps: (i) our organizationthat is, the organization of PSi Technologies Holdings, Inc.as a Philippine corporation and (ii) the exchange by the
shareholders of PSi Technologies, Inc., our principal operating subsidiary, of their common and preferred shares of PSi Technologies, Inc. for common shares of PSi Technologies Holdings, Inc., with the exception of specific nominee director
qualifying shares. See Item 7Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.
Subsequent to the signing of an
Investment Cooperation Agreement with the Chengdu Hi-Tech Zone in the PRC, our principal operating subsidiary incorporated PSi Technologies China Holdings Co. Ltd., a Mauritius
34
registered company, on December 22, 2003 as a holding company for the China operating company. PSi Technologies China Holdings Co. Ltd., then
incorporated PSi Technologies Chengdu Co. Ltd., a PRC registered company, on January 15, 2004. PSi Chengdu is the Companys operating subsidiary in China.
On April 5, 2006, we informed the Management Committee of the Chengdu Hi-Tech Zone of our decision to close PSis facility in Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Commercial operations of PSi Chengdu ceased on
April 30, 2006, with loading from the Chengdu facility partially shifting to PSis facility in Laguna, Philippines. PSi Chengdu is currently in the process of liquidation and dissolution.
The following chart shows our corporate structure as of December 31, 2006.
D. Property, Plants and Equipment
Facilities and Real Property
Our headquarters, administrative offices and principal assembly and operations are
located at our Taguig facility in Metro Manila, Philippines. We have a second operational assembly operation at our Laguna facility located approximately 30 miles south of Manila. Another assembly operation at our facility in Chengdu City, Sichuan
Province, PRC ceased operations effective April 30, 2006. Our Philippine-based operations are close to major Asian semiconductor foundries and provide easy air, land and sea access and rapid customs processing and shipment.
We have occupied our Taguig facility since 1988. Our Taguig facility is housed in a series of structures totaling 19,264.1 square meters or 207,282
square feet, on a site consisting of approximately 25,650.1 square meters or 275,995 square feet. There are 6,780.5 square meters, or 72,958 square feet, dedicated to assembly and test operations. This facility is designed to accommodate 1,282.4
square meters, or 13,798 square feet, of test space and 5,498.1 square meters, or 59,159.7 square feet, of assembly space. PSi owns the leasehold improvements. Food Terminal Inc., a wholly owned government entity, leases the property to us.
Additional land and buildings within the zone were sub-leased to us from Tierra Factors Corporation, an independent third party, which in turn leased the land from Food Terminal Inc. The land lease arrangement with Food Terminal Inc. and sub-lease
arrangement with Tierra Factors Corporation, both of which expired in 2004, was consolidated into a single lease arrangement with Food Terminal Inc. in June 2005 and is scheduled to expire in August 2020. In 2001, we also leased an adjacent
warehouse that now serves as our second Annex facility in Taguig. This is under a lease agreement with Food Terminal Inc. and will expire in 2015. As of May 17, 2004 and subject to terms and conditions, our Taguig facility is registered under
R.A. No. 7916, otherwise known as the Special Economic Zone Act of 1995, which created the Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA).
35
We have occupied our Laguna facility since September 1999. The building is approximately 5,897 square
meters, or 63,452 square feet, with 3,832.9 square meters, or 41,242.3 square feet, dedicated to assembly and test operations, and located on 8,612 square meters, or 92,655 square feet, of land. This facility is designed to accommodate 742.4 square
meters, or 7,988 square feet, of test space and 3,093.5 square meters, or 33,286 square feet, of assembly space. We lease the land and building under an eight-year lease from RBF Development Corporation, an independent third party. During the term
of our lease, we have an option to purchase the building and, subject to foreign ownership restrictions under the Philippine Constitution, we also have an option to purchase the land.
We had a third facility which we acquired through our subsidiary, Pacsem Realty, Inc. at a site near our existing facility in Laguna where construction
of the building shell was completed in 2001. We deferred its activation due to the effects of the downturn of the semiconductor industry and the recent registration of our Taguig facility under the PEZA. In light of this and the establishment of a
new facility in China, we entered into a contract on January 28, 2005 to sell our unutilized third site in Laguna to an unrelated Philippine corporation in the business of commercial and industrial property development and leasing, for $2.5
million, with $1.0 million payable upon signing and the balance payable every 6 months in 6 equal payments through January 2008. On June 28, 2006, Pacsem Realty, Inc. entered into a Deed of Absolute Sale with IGC Realty for the sale of Pacsem
Realtys 35,033 square meter unutilized property amounting to $1.3 million payable in full upon the execution of the contract. In accordance with the impairment review done in 2004 and 2005, which includes a company-wide evaluation of
underutilized and/or unutilized assets and appraisal of the real properties, we took an asset impairment charge of $1.3 million in 2004, and $1.4 million in 2005 against its carrying cost.
PSi Technologies, Inc. signed an Investment Cooperation Agreement with the Chengdu Hi-Tech Zone (CHTZ) on December 7, 2003. As part of the
agreement, PSi Technologies, Inc. leased for a period of three years with option to purchase within the three years, two (2) pre-fabricated buildings for the purpose of providing assembly and test services in the Sichuan Chengdu Export
Processing Zone, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Peoples Republic of China. Each building has a covered area of approximately 2,592 square meters sited on approximately 4,117.5 square meters of land. A formal lease agreement was signed with
the Sichuan Chengdu Export Processing Zone Investment Development Co. Ltd., a corporation of the CHTZ, on January 19, 2004. On April 5, 2006, we informed the Management Committee of the Chengdu Hi-Tech Zone of our decision to close the
facility in Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Commercial operations of PSi Chengdu ceased on April 30, 2006. PSi Chengdu is currently in the process of liquidation and dissolution.
Equipment
We depend on a limited number of manufacturers for the assembly and test equipment
we use in our assembly and testing process. In periods of high demand, the lead times from order to delivery of our assembly and test equipment can be as long as four to six months. We work closely with our major equipment suppliers to ensure that
equipment is delivered on time and such equipment meets our performance specifications.
The primary equipment used in providing our
assembly and test services includes wire bonders, mold systems, plating and singulation systems, marking systems, testers and handlers. Wire bonders are used to attach the silicon-based chip to the lead frames using gold or aluminum wire. The
majority of our wire bonders are designed for aluminum wire used specifically in power semiconductor assembly. The mold systems are used to encapsulate each semiconductor using a molding compound. Plating systems are used to cover the leads and
heat-sink with solder alloy materials to provide good soldering. Singulation systems are used to segregate encapsulated and plated semiconductors attached in strips into individual units. Marking systems are used to imprint an alphanumeric
identifier on the package. Testers and handlers are used to test the electrical and thermal characteristics of the product.
36
The following table lists the major assembly and test equipment by type, number in use and the principal
supplier or manufacturer of the equipment we use:
|
|
|
|
|
Type of Equipment
|
|
Number in Use
|
|
Supplier/Manufacturer
|
Wire bonders
|
|
1 unit triple head (PSi-owned) 131 units Dual Head (74 units PSi-owned) 176 units Single Head (166 units PSi-owned)
|
|
Delvo Orthodyne ASM K&S
Samsung Kaijo
|
Die bonders
|
|
173 units (127 units PSi-owned)
|
|
Esec ASM Swissline ITEC
|
Integrated DA-WB
|
|
6 units (PSi-owned)
|
|
Shinkawa
|
Clip Bonders
|
|
3 units (1 unit PSi-owned)
|
|
Esec Swissline
|
Mold systems
|
|
|
|
|
mold presses
|
|
86 units (62 units PSi-owned)
|
|
Fusei Fujiwa Kras
|
mold tools
|
|
180 units (125 units PSi-owned)
|
|
CPC Micron Hanmi SWM
Kras Top-A KMC
|
auto mold system
|
|
14 units (10 units PSi-owned)
|
|
TOWA Boschman FICO
|
Plating systems
|
|
16 units (12 units PSi-owned)
|
|
MECO CEM HBS Compal
|
Semi-auto and full-auto trim/form/singulation systems
|
|
171 units (119 units PSi-owned)
|
|
Samil Kras Triad Hanmi KMC
Micron Yamada Top-A Towa
WKT
|
Testers
|
|
299 units (188 units PSi-owned)
|
|
Tesec Lorlin LTX CATS
Statec ITEC
|
Test handlers
|
|
217 units (139 units PSi-owned)
|
|
Tesec MCT Ismeca ITML
KEC/Taesuk Sessco Spartan
Wintech
|
Environmental Matters
Our operations are subject to regulatory requirements and potential liabilities arising under Philippine laws and regulations governing among other things, air emissions, wastewater discharge, waste storage, treatment
and disposal, and remediation of releases of hazardous materials and wastes. We are also compliant to international agreements covering environmental issues like the Geneva Convention, Basel Convention, Kyoto Protocol and the requirements of the
European Union on banned and regulated substances, such as Restriction on Hazardous Substance or RoHS. Our Taguig and Laguna Facilities are ISO14001 certified and have been awarded the Certificate of Green Partnership by Sony.
The Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) and Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) are government-implementing and regulating bodies that oversee air
emissions, hazardous waste management and wastewater discharges. The Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI) and the Philippine National Police (PNP) both government-implementing bodies, provide our respective licenses for radioactive materials
and use of nitric acid. Permits on pollution control or emission source installations and on transportation of wastes are being issued by the EMB of the National Capital Region (NCR) while the LLDA issues our wastewater effluent discharge permit.
In July 2004, PSi Technologies Laguna received an Ex-Parte Order No. PH-04-09-166 from the LLDA for failure to conform to the Effluent
Standard for Class C Waters in terms of pH, Total Settleable Solids (TSS), Biological Oxygen Demand, and lead for our Taguig facility. This order required PSi to pay a penalty of Php1,000 per day from July 2004 to March 2006. In March 2006, PSi
passed the requirements of the effluent standards. We have paid the corresponding penalties, including the environmental users fee, thereby satisfying the requirements for the dismissal of the case and obtaining the release of the discharge permit
covering May 2006 to April 2007. Our Laguna facility is fully compliant with all the government environment standards and regulatory requirements. The plant has programs on waste minimization, toxic and hazardous waste management and air and water
management. To ensure that we are meeting the governments waste water standards, we constructed a waste water treatment plant in October 2005. The plant was commissioned in February 2006.
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ITEM 5 OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
Executive Overview
The following discussion and analysis summarizes the significant factors affecting our results of operations and financial condition during the fiscal
years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Item 18 of this Annual Report on Form 20-F/A. This discussion contains
forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed here. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include those discussed in Item 3Key
InformationRisk Factors as well as those discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 20-F/A. Our audited consolidated financial statements are reported in U.S. dollars, our functional and reporting currency and prepared
in conformity with U.S. GAAP.
We are a leading independent provider of assembly and test services to the power semiconductor market.
We provide comprehensive package design, assembly and test services for power semiconductors used in telecommunications and networking systems, computers and computer peripherals, consumer electronics, electronic office equipment, automotive systems
and industrial products. We provide these assembly and test services to vertically-integrated semiconductor device manufacturers and semiconductor companies which do not have their own assembly and test facilities. Our customer base includes the
majority of the major power semiconductor manufacturers in the world. We also provide assembly and test services for specialized non-power semiconductor packages used for industrial, automotive, military and computer peripheral applications. We
generate all of our revenue through the power and non-power semiconductor assembly and test services we provide to our customers.
As a
percentage of our revenue, revenue from power-related assembly and test services was approximately 95% in 2004, 97% in 2005 and 97% in 2006. We intend to continue focusing on power-related services in the future as this distinguishes us from our
competitors, as we provide one of the broadest arrays of power packages within the industry and gain specialized expertise in the assembly and test of power semiconductors. For these reasons, we believe our focus will improve our product mix and
lead to increased revenue in this area.
Semiconductor Industry Impact
Market conditions in the semiconductor industry as a whole and, increasingly, the power semiconductor market segment substantially affect our business. According to various reports of the SIA, the worldwide
semiconductor market grew by 1.3% to $140.7 billion in 2002, by 20.3% to $ 166.4 billion in 2003, by 28.0% to $213.0 billion in 2004, by 6.8% to $227.5 billion in 2005 and by 8.9% to $247.7 billion in 2006. The power semiconductor market, a subset
of the overall semiconductor market grew by 5.4% to $15.9 billion in 2002, by 11.7% to $17.8 billion in 2003, by 19.3% to $21.2 billion in 2004, was flat at $21.1 billion in 2005 and grew by 11.4% to $23.5 billion in 2006. Based on available
research data from Bain & Company and the World Semiconductor Trade Statistics, the assembly and test market segment represents approximately 30% of total power semiconductor billings, or $8.4 billion in 2006 and our addressable market is
approximately 18% of the power assembly and test market. The addressable market, approximately $675 million, is the portion outsourced to third party assembly and test providers such as our company. Our revenues including revenues generated from
discontinued operations grew by 32% to $70.5 million in 2002, by 9% to $76.9 million in 2003, by 2.9% to $79.1 million in 2004, by 1.5% to $80.3 million in 2005 and by 14.6% to $92.1 million in 2006.
The semiconductor industry is highly cyclical. Although the semiconductor industry has grown overall since 1993, there were downturns in 1996, 1998 and
2001, which continued through 2002 due to pricing pressures. The 32% decline in 2001 was the worst downturn in the industrys history and, according to industry experts, is largely attributable to overcapacity, reduced product demand, excessive
inventory stockpiles, increased competition and lower pricing. We, however, managed this pricing erosion by implementing cost reduction measures in our production lines starting in 2001 and by focusing on the power semiconductor market, which,
historically, has experienced longer product life cycles, and less average selling price erosion than the market for non-power integrated circuit semiconductors.
38
Capacity Utilization
Our results of operations are affected by the capital-intensive nature of our business. A significant portion of our costs, principally relating to assembly and test equipment, are fixed. Increases or decreases in
capacity utilization rates can have a significant effect on our gross profit margin and profitability since the unit cost of our services generally decreases as fixed costs, such as equipment depreciation expense, are spread over a larger number of
units. Depreciation expense as a percentage of cost of sales was 20.2% in 2004, 22.2% in 2005 and 16.5% in 2006. In 2006, the decrease in depreciation was primarily due to the decrease in depreciable fixed assets, as a portion of our fixed assets
were fully depreciated by the end of 2005 and the first quarter of 2006.
Pricing
Our results of operations also are affected by decreases in the average selling price of our semiconductor device packages. The erosion of the average
selling price generally has been less severe in the power semiconductor market than the non-power integrated circuit semiconductor market. We attempt to offset these decreases in average selling price by developing and marketing larger and
higher-priced packages and services, taking advantage of economies of scale and higher productivity resulting from higher volumes, and developing and implementing other cost reduction strategies. We believe these strategies will allow us to obtain
higher margins on our device packages, which should, in turn, help to mitigate selling price erosion. In the past, we have successfully negotiated volume discounts on raw materials as our production volumes have increased. We also operate captive
assembly and test lines for three of our customers using equipment consigned to us by those customers. These arrangements tend to reduce our fixed costs and provide us with improved margins and profitability as a result of lower equipment
depreciation expenses since the customer owns the equipment lines. The increase in raw materials costs has allowed us to negotiate and pass selective increases in average selling prices to some of our customers in 2006.
We do not charge a standard or uniform fee per semiconductor assembled and tested. The selling price of our semiconductor device packages is determined
by the materials used and the complexity of the device in terms of assembly and test operations. As the prices of different device packages vary, the mix of packages produced and the contractual arrangements with the customers also affect revenue
and profitability.
Busniness Blueprint Initiative
In 2005, we undertook the following measures to address profitability: (i) organizational changes at the executive level, (ii) closure of our U.S. marketing and purchasing offices and (iii) selective
increases in average selling prices.
In 2006, we embarked on a Blueprint initiative led by our Chief Operating Officer to increase
profitability. The Blueprint included the following initiatives:
|
a.
|
Adoption of measures to lower the variability of customer loadings through consolidation of plant sites and allow better fixed cost recovery and optimize capacity utilization of
remaining sites;
|
|
b.
|
Development of new captive businesses such as the Sales and Investment agreement with a major customer with committed volume, higher selling price and underutilization charges in
case of shortfall versus commitments;
|
|
c.
|
Management of customer and package mix towards higher average selling price and better margin packages;
|
|
d.
|
Reduction of operating costs and overheads such as closure of US Purchasing and Marketing offices and streamlining of the whole supply chain and key organizational changes;
|
|
e.
|
Improvement of productivity, manufacturing efficiency and equipment capabilities through the introduction and launching of continuous improvement circles;
|
39
|
f.
|
Approval of capital expenditures that meet certain financial criteria;
|
|
g.
|
Development of partnerships with suppliers and customers for access to and use of intellectual property, production equipment and materials at beneficial terms and conditions;
|
|
h.
|
Establishment of additional credit facilities with other banks and financial institutions;
|
|
i.
|
Disposal of impaired assets to recover value.
|
For 2007,
we are undertaking the following additional measures to address profitability: (i) improving sales growth, (ii) improvement of productivity, manufacturing efficiency and equipment capabilities and (iii) management of customer and
package mix towards higher average selling prices and better margin packages.
The RZB loan facility with us and PSi Techologies Laguna was
renewed for another 15 months from January 1, 2007 until March 31, 2008 under terms and conditions similar to the credit facility granted in 2006 except for the deletion of the financial covenants section and the uncommitted and
discretionary nature of the facility.
On April 19, 2006, PVB extended a revolving promissory note line amounting to US$3.0 million
including availability of a letter of credit up to US$450,000. The facility is subject to annual review by the bank up to April 11, 2010 and a 90-day availability period. The Revolving Promissory Note Line Agreement was subsequently signed on
July 13, 2006. At present, we are negotiating with PVB for an increase in the revolving promissory note line from $3.0 million to $5.0 million.
Organization and Facilities
We conduct our operations almost exclusively in the Philippines through several subsidiaries.
PSi Technologies, Inc. is our principal operating subsidiary and operates our main assembly and test facility located in Taguig, Metro Manila. We commenced commercial operations at our Taguig facility in 1988. PSi Technologies Laguna, Inc., our
other operating subsidiary and a wholly owned subsidiary of PSi Technologies, Inc., operates our second assembly and test facility located in Calamba, Laguna. We commenced commercial operations at our Laguna facility in late 1999, and expanded its
capacity during 2000. PSi Technologies Chengdu Co. Ltd., our other operating subsidiary and a wholly owned subsidiary of PSi Technologies China Holdings Co. Ltd. (a Mauritius company), operated PSi Chengdu, our assembly and test facility in Chengdu,
Sichuan Province, PRC. On April 5, 2006, PSi Chengdu informed the Management Committee of the Chengdu Hi-Tech Zone of our decision to close PSi Chengdu. Commercial operations at PSi Chengdu ceased on April 30, 2006.
We entered into a contract on January 28, 2005 to sell our unutilized third site in Laguna to an unrelated Philippine corporation in the business of
commercial and industrial property development and leasing, for $2.5 million, with $1.0 million payable upon signing and the balance payable every six months in six equal payments through January 2008. Additionally, on June 28, 2006, Pacsem
Realty entered into a Deed of Absolute Sale for the disposal of another unutilized land for $1.3 million payable upon the execution of the contract. In accordance with the impairment review performed in 2004 and 2005, which included a company-wide
evaluation of underutilized and/or unutilized assets, a detailed update of operating and cash flow projections, and appraisal of the real properties located in the third facility, and given the contract to sell our unutilized third site in Laguna on
January 28, 2005 and the Memorandum of Understanding for the sale of Pacsem Realtys unutilized land in 2006, we took an asset impairment charge of $1.3 million in 2004 and $1.4 million in 2005 against the carrying cost of such properties.
In 2007, we will allocate and concentrate our production of power packages in accordance with the competitive position of each facility.
Pacsem Technologies, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of PSi Technologies, Inc., is a California-based corporation that conducts our marketing activities in the United States. In addition, we previously had a marketing office in Tempe,
Arizona; and a sales and marketing office in Tokyo, Japan under a sales and marketing agreement dated September 18, 2001 with Tokai Bussan Co. Ltd. of Japan. The sales and marketing
40
agreement was terminated on April 1, 2005. However, Tokai currently serves as our agent for selected Japanese customers. Because of the organizational
changes implemented in 2005, we have closed our California and Arizona offices effective January 31, 2006.
As part of our strategy to
provide assembly and test services in China, PSi Technologies signed an agreement with the Chengdu Hi-Tech Zone (CDHZ) to lease for a period of three years with an option to purchase within three years, two (2) pre-fabricated buildings for the
purpose of providing assembly and test services in the Chengdu Sichuan Export Processing Zone, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, PRC. Each building has a covered area of approximately 2,592 square meters sited on approximately 4,117.5 square meters of
land. We signed a lease agreement with the Sichuan Chengdu Export Processing Zone Investment Development Co. Ltd., a corporation of the CDHZ, on January 19, 2004. This agreement expired on December 7, 2006. PSi Chengdu incurred losses in
2004 and 2005 amounting to $2.4 million and $4.9 million, respectively. Because of this, we have recognized total impairment charges of $2.7 million in 2005. In 2006, PSi Chengdu incurred losses amounting to $0.8 million. PSi Chengdu is currently in
the process of liquidation and dissolution.
On January 14, 2004, we signed a long-term supply agreement with Philips Semiconductors
to provide outsourced power semiconductor assembly and test services through PSi Chengdu. The products to be packaged and tested for Philips are bipolar power products ranging from epitaxial diodes, deflection transistors, damper diodes, triacs and
thyristors. The end applications for these products are consumer electronic devices, white goods, lighting, power supplies and industrials for the international and China markets. Due to the closure of PSi Chengdu, the long-term supply agreement
with Philips was terminated on September 27, 2006. We did not incur any cash cost or penalties in relation to the termination.
A
chart of our manufacturing facilities is provided below:
Manufacturing Sites
|
|
|
Site 1 (Operational)
Food Terminal Inc.
Special Economic Zone
Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines
Operated by:
PSi Technologies, Inc.
|
|
Site 2 (Operational)
Carmelrey Industrial Park II
Barangay Tulo, Laguna, Philippines
Operated by:
PSi Technologies Laguna, Inc.
|
Currency Considerations
We use the U.S. dollar as our functional currency because all our revenue and a large proportion of our costs are denominated in U.S. dollars. Accordingly, monetary assets and liabilities denominated in Philippine
pesos, Chinese renminbi and other foreign currencies have been translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates at the relevant balance sheet date. Non-monetary items are translated at historical rates. We also experience foreign currency
exchange gains and losses arising from transactions in currencies other than our functional currency. For example, some of our labor costs are denominated in Philippine pesos and Chinese renminbi and a small amount of our equipment and raw material
costs are denominated in Japanese yen. Gains and losses from those foreign currency transactions are also credited or charged to current operations. In addition, we benefit from a number of tax incentives available in the Philippines. See
Liquidity and Capital ResourcesSpecial Tax Status.
41
2006 Highlights
Highlights for 2006 are:
Manufacturing
. We continued to focus on improving all aspects of our manufacturing operations, including the substitution of lower cost raw materials and supplies, reduction in packaging costs and improvements to production processes. Our
consolidated cost of sales increased by $10.9 million or 14.5% from $75.1 million in 2005 to $86.0 million in 2006. The increase was primarily due to increases in raw materials, labor, and utilities due to improvement in sales performance. The
increase in raw materials, labor and utilities was partially offset by the decrease in depreciation. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased from 103.1% in 2005 to 95.9% in 2006 due to favorable package mix, increase in copper price was
passed on to our customers and a decrease in depreciation. As a result, we achieved consolidated gross profit of $3.7 million in 2006 from consolidated a gross loss of $2.3 million in 2005. Raw materials increased from $32.1 million in 2005 to $40.8
million in 2006 due to increase in sales volume from our top five customers. Raw materials as a percentage of revenue in 2006 slightly increased from 44.0% in 2005 and 45.5% in 2006 since a majority of the cost of copper increases in 2006 were
passed on to our customers. Labor costs increased from $9.7 million in 2005 to $11.8 million in 2006 primarily due to increases in overtime and retirement benefits and the continued appreciation of the Philippine peso versus the U.S. dollar.
Utilities increased from $5.6 million in 2005 to $6.5 million in 2006 due to an increase in electricity consumption owing to the increase in sales volume from our top five customers and the continued appreciation of the Philippine peso versus the
U.S. dollar. Utilities as a percentage of revenue was 7.3% in 2006 and 7.6% in 2005. Depreciation decreased by 15.0% from $16.7 million in 2005 to $14.2 million in 2006 primarily due to a decrease in depreciable assets, as certain fixed assets were
fully depreciated or impaired by the end of 2005 and the first quarter of 2006. Depreciation as a percentage of sales was 22.9% in 2005 and 15.8% in 2006.
Marketing.
We conducted a package portfolio review to determine additional measures to improve the overall profitability of loss-making and marginal packages, versus our available production capacities
and core competencies from 2004 through 2006. We then adjusted our marketing strategies to target higher margin and average selling price packages and non-IDM customers, and allocated capacities and priorities accordingly. We initiated discussions
with our customers to institute selective increases in average selling prices, to offset the increase in raw materials expenses arising from higher commodity prices. These discussions resulted in price increases during the first half of 2005 and in
2006. We decided to concentrate all demand for Philippine based assembly and test services in our two operational facilities in the Philippines.
We reorganized our sales and marketing organization as a means to diversify our customer base and manage business relationships for consistent profitability and market share growth.
Financing.
In 2006, we incurred $8.7 million in capital expenditures. Of the total, $2.5 million in capital expenditures was funded through
suppliers credits. We financed such capital expenditure from funds generated from operations, suppliers credits and from the increased trade payable and financing facility from the Singapore Branch of Raiffeisen Zentralbank Osterreich AG
(RZB-Austria). On December 27, 2004, RZB-Austria extended the maturity of the facility to December 31, 2005 and waived all financial covenant breaches based on the June 30, 2004 U.S. GAAP unaudited consolidated financial statements
subject to the condition that we are required to remedy the loan covenant breaches as of December 31, 2004 and that if breaches are still continuing, RZB-Austria will without prejudice to any of its rights under the Facility and Supplemental
Agreements require our shareholders to infuse such additional capital into the company to cure the breaches. On July 13, 2005, RZB-Austria waived all the breaches based on the U.S. GAAP unaudited consolidated financial statements as of
December 31, 2004 and confirmed that the next test of covenants will be based on the next U.S. GAAP audited consolidated financial statements of PSi Holdings as of and for the year ended December 31, 2005. On April 17, 2006, PSi
Technologies and PSi Technologies Laguna Inc. signed an extension of the US$10 million Revolving Loan Facility with RZB-Austria which extended the loan facility until December 31, 2006. The extension was subject to a payment by PSi Technologies
of an extension fee of $25,000, duly notarized Secretarys Certificate confirming that Board Resolution for continuation of facilities up to December 31, 2006 has been duly passed
42
and evidence of extension of the process agent appointment received by RZB-Austria on January 21, 2006. All of these were subsequently complied with by
the Company. As of December 31, 2006, we had not complied with certain financial ratio requirements under the short-term credit facility from RZB-Austria. On April 27, 2007, we entered into a Second Supplemental Agreement with RZB-Austria
where the credit facility with RZB-Austria was extended from December 31, 2006 until March 31, 2008. However, RZB-Austria may cancel the credit facility anytime during the term of the loan and all amounts outstanding under the facility
including accrued interest shall be immediately due and payable. Under the agreement, RZB-Austria also agreed to remove the financial covenants previously required of us. Our total loan balance under this credit facility was $9.7 million as of
December 31, 2006.
We also obtained a revolving promissory note of $3 million including the availability of a letter of credit up to
$450,000 with Philippine Veterans Bank (PVB). The facility was signed on July 13, 2006 and is subject to annual review by PVB up to April 11, 2010 and a 90-day availability period. The outstanding loan as of December 31, 2006 with PVB
amounting to $300,000 was fully paid by the Company on January 5, 2007.
2007 Outlook
We intend to strengthen our position as a leading global provider of assembly and test services targeted specifically at the power semiconductor market in
the following ways:
Focus on the Power Semiconductor Market and Capitalize on the Trend Toward Outsourcing
We intend to continue to focus our expertise on the power semiconductor market, which is expected to grow by 8.3% compounded annually from 2006 to 2011,
according to SIA Statistics. We intend to further expand our business by capitalizing on the accelerating trend toward outsourcing in that market. The power semiconductor manufacturing services market is large and under-penetrated by independent
assembly and test service providers. A number of our current customers already have indicated their intention to outsource an increasing portion of their semiconductor manufacturing needs to independent manufacturing service providers. We believe
that our established, strategic customer relationships provide us with a competitive advantage in capturing these outsourcing opportunities.
Strengthen and Expand Our Strategic Customer Relationships
We intend to strengthen our existing relationships with our key strategic
customers to win an increasing percentage of their back-end production business, as we transform our business model from a provider of overflow capacity to a provider of base capacity. Our major IDM customers in-house assembly and test
capacity represents both our largest competition and our best opportunity for incremental growth. We intend to capture our key customers outsourced assembly and test business by working closely with them to meet their product performance
requirements, offering them the broadest array of power packages and services in the industry, and aggressively managing our supplier relationships and the manufacturing process to reduce costs. In addition, as a result of the industry downturn in
2001, it appears that some of our customers intend to consign or sell their manufacturing assets to a third party assembly and test provider as a strategy for reducing their cost structures and capital costs, without reducing assembly and test
capacities; and focus on wafer semiconductor manufacturing while outsourcing their assembly and test requirements to independent third-party providers to reduce capital expenditures. On June 19, 2006, we entered into a Sales and Investment
Agreement with Infineon Technologies, Malaysia for a guaranteed loading of certain packages for one year coupled with price increases and underutilization charges in cases of shortfall in orders. In turn, the Company invested approximately $4.2
million in capital investment associated with such expansion.
Enhance Our Power Assembly and Test Technology and Design Services
We intend to continue to develop our power semiconductor assembly and test technology and design services to meet our customers needs. The Power
Quad Flat No lead or QFN family of packages is an example
43
of a leading-edge package. We coordinate our development efforts with our customers to ensure that our packages and
services meet their power design specifications and increase the efficiency of our research and development efforts. Intellectual property currently under development for the Power QFN family of packages include co-designing devices with copper clip
and solder die attach. We believe these advanced interconnect technologies and materials can be used to improve the performance of legacy packages. On November 16, 2005, we filed a U.S. patent application for a method of putting isolated
metallic interconnections onto a metallic substrate. The patent application is currently pending.
We have hired and will continue to hire
research and development professionals trained in semiconductor manufacturing. We expect that these employees will strengthen our design capability, particularly in thermal modeling and product applications. We intend to collaborate with our
principal equipment and material suppliers to develop and access technical research.
Build Additional Assembly and Test Capacity and Consolidate
Sites to Optimize Productivity and Efficiency.
We intend to respond to the growth in power semiconductor demand, and the increasing
requirements of our customers, by expanding our assembly and test capacity. We will consolidate our manufacturing sites to derive greater economies of scale. We closed our China operations in April 2006, which resulted in a strategic shift in
volumes to our Laguna facility as well as a reduction of overall overhead costs.
Expand into New Geographic Markets and Maintain Diversified
Global Customer Base
We are in the process of expanding into new geographic markets while maintaining a diversified customer base. We
believe the Japanese and Taiwanese markets complement our existing customer base and represent a significant outsourcing opportunity for power semiconductor assembly and testing services. Of the top ten power semiconductor makers in the world, four
are Japanese companies. Additionally, Taiwan is among the largest producers of power semiconductor used especially for its domestic market and the China market. Our efforts in Japan and Taiwan will complement our efforts in Europe, the United States
and elsewhere in Asia where we have built a balanced customer list of top-tier power semiconductor manufacturing companies.
We are in the
process of developing and continuing to develop a non-traditional market base for our existing assembly and test capabilities and capacities, by identifying and selling to fabless or assembly-less companies. Our current legacy products have been in
existence for over two decades. Such packages have not merely lost their upward surge market, where prices can go at premiums, but due to their maturity, have become very low margin products. Selling to fabless companies permits us to maintain a
better price premium and somewhat cushions us from the volatility of the market. Fabless companies do not have the option of pulling-in to fill up internal capacity, and remain relatively loyal to their outsource partners.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our discussion and
analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, we
evaluate our estimates, including those related to depreciation, impairment losses, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventories, income taxes, retirement benefits, share based compensation, contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on
historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent
from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
44
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates
used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Depreciation and Amortization
We use our business judgment when determining expected useful lives of fixed assets. Asset useful lives of three to eight years, depending on the nature
of the assets, are based on historical experience and future expectations. The useful lives and depreciation method are reviewed periodically to ensure that the periods and method of depreciation are consistent with the expected pattern of economic
benefits from items of property, plant and equipment. We routinely review the remaining estimated useful lives of the machinery, equipment and accessories to determine if such lives should be adjusted due to the likelihood of technological
obsolescence arising from changes in production techniques or in market demand for the use of its machinery, equipment and accessories. However, due to the nature of our operations, which may include sudden changes in demand in the end markets, and
due to the fact that certain equipment and machinery is dedicated to specific customers, we may not be able to accurately anticipate declines in the utility of our machinery, equipment and accessories.
No depreciation is provided on property, plant and equipment under construction or awaiting qualification or technical completion.
When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain
or loss is credited or charged to current operations.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
We review long-lived assets with finite lives for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may
not be recoverable in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the impairment or Disposal of Long-lived assets. We assess fair value of the assets based on the discounted future cash flow such assets are expected to generate.
We also recognize
an impairment loss when estimated undiscounted future cash flow expected to result from the use of the asset plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset, if any, are less than the carrying value of the asset. When
an impairment is identified, we reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flow approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values. In 2006, we performed a review to identify
equipment with low utilization rates, packages with low margins, and technologies that were not part of our core competency, as candidates for impairment, given the existence of events or changes in circumstances that indicate the carrying amount of
an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to discounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. The discounted future net cash flows
and fair value of assets are subject to change depending on the actual sales, margins, and salvage value of the impaired assets that may be realized by us in the future. Based on the review of the long-lived assets, we recognized asset impairment
losses amounting to $350,840 since the carrying value of the group of assets exceeded its fair value by $350,840. The determination of fair value was based on the expected cash flow approach using an effective interest rate of 7.719%, determined
based on 4.719% yield rates on 4-year Republic of the Philippines (ROP) bonds as quoted by the Bureau of Treasury as of December 31, 2006, plus a 3% risk premium. Also in 2006, we recognized an additional impairment loss amounting to $1.5
million. This represents the net book value of certain machinery and equipment which we no longer use in operations and, based on our assessment, has zero salvage value.
Revenue Recognition
The Company has three primary revenue streams related to the assembly and test
of semiconductor products used for power conversion or power management applications: assembly-only, testing-only, and assembly and testing. Revenue from assembly only and test-only services is recognized upon the completion of the related service
which coincides with the shipment of packaged semiconductors to the customers. For arrangements involving both assembly and test services, revenue is recognized upon the completion of test services which
45
coincides with the shipment of the packaged semiconductors to the customers. We do not take ownership of customer-supplied semiconductor raw materials. Title
and risk of loss remain with the customers for these materials at all times. Accordingly, the cost of the customer-supplied materials is not included in the consolidated financial statements. Such policies are consistent with the provisions of the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commissions Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements, which supersedes SAB No. 101. SAB No. 104 requires that the following four criteria must
be met before revenue can be recognized: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; (3) the fee is fixed and determinable; and (4) collectibility is reasonably
assured.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts at a level that management considers adequate to provide for potential uncollectibility of our trade accounts receivables. Management, on the basis of factors that affect the collectibility of
the accounts, evaluates the level of this allowance. A review of the age and status of the receivables, designed to identify accounts to be provided with allowance, is made by management on a continuing basis. If the financial condition of our
customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional bad debt expenses may be incurred.
Inventory
Valuation
We write down inventory for estimated obsolescence or non-moving inventory equal to the difference between the cost of
inventory and the estimated market value based on assumptions about future demand and market conditions less costs to dispose. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory allowances may be
required.
Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets
We provide valuation allowance on deferred tax assets equivalent to an amount we believe is realizable in the future. While we have considered future taxable income, income tax holiday incentives and ongoing prudent
and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, in the event we were to determine that we would be able to realize deferred tax assets in the future in excess of the net recorded amount, decrease in the
valuation allowance on deferred tax asset would increase income in the period such determination was made. Likewise, should we determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax asset in the future, increase to the
valuation allowance on deferred tax asset would be charged to income in the period such determination was made.
In May 2004, the area
where the facilities of PSi Technologies are located was declared as a special economic export zone entitled to tax incentives. All of its operations which have previously been subject to an income tax of 32% shall be taxed at 5% of gross income.
Gross income is defined as net sales less cost of sales. Consequently, certain deferred tax benefits shall no longer be deductible items. The deferred tax assets have been reduced to the extent that such will not be of benefit to PSi Technologies.
In 2006, we were in a tax income position that resulted in the recognition of income tax expense amounting to $191,033. We provided a 100%
valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets as we do not expect to realize tax benefits from such deferred tax assets given our recurring losses.
Pension Cost and Other Retirement Benefits
The determination of our obligation and cost for retirement benefits is
dependent on the selection of certain assumptions determined by the management and used by the actuary in calculating such amounts. Those assumptions are described in Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements, and include, among other things,
discount rate, expected rate of return on plan assets and rate of future salary increase. The discount rate is an important assumption that is subject to annual evaluation. In evaluating the discount rate for 2006, management determined the rate of
high quality, risk-free Philippine government bonds with maturities matching the
46
anticipated benefit payment steam arriving at a rate of 6.1% in 2006. This rate is significantly lower than the 10.1% used in 2005 due to the comparable
yield decline for long-term Philippine government bonds of approximately 4% as indicated by the MART1 benchmark rate for pricing Philippine peso-denominated government securities. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable and appropriate,
significant differences in actual experience or significant changes in the assumptions may materially affect our retirement obligations. The accrued benefit cost as at December 31, 2006 and 2005 amounted to $3.2 million and $1.0 million,
respectively. The Company adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement No. 158 (SFAS No. 158),
Employers Accounting for Defined Benefit
Pension and Other Postretirement Plans
and initially applied those to the funded status of the defined benefit pension plans as of December 31, 2006. The initial recognition of the funded status of our defined benefit pension plans resulted
in a decrease in stockholders equity of $1.6 million. SFAS No. 158 did not have an effect on the Companys consolidated financial condition at December 31, 2005 or 2004.
Share-based Payment
We award bonuses to directors,
officers and employees in the form of share options, from time to time, on a discretionary basis. The options are subject to certain service vesting conditions. We apply FASB Statement No. 123 (revised 2004),
Share-Based Payment
(SFAS
No. 123(R)), which began January 1, 2006. SFAS No. 123(R) requires that all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employees stock options, be measured at grant-date fair value and expensed over the service period
(generally the vesting period). As discussed in Note 18 to the financial statements, we use the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which requires various assumptions to calculate the value of options at date of grant which include expected
volatility, risk-free rate, dividend yield, expected term, among others. SFAS No. 123(R) requires us to estimate expected forfeitures at the grant date and recognize compensation expense only for those awards expected to vest. Forfeitures
are estimated based on historical experience and are periodically reviewed. While management believes that its assumptions are reasonable and appropriate, significant difference in actual experience or significant changes in the assumptions may
materially affect our stock compensation expense.
We recognize stock compensation expense of $159,013, and $653,207 in 2006 and 2004,
respectively (see Note 18), The Company recognized a reversal of stock compensation expense amounting to $82,068 in 2005 because of forfeitures.
Contingencies
We are subject to certain legal proceedings, lawsuits and other claims. We assess the likelihood of any
adverse judgment or outcome related to these matters, as well as potential ranges of probable losses. Our determination of the amount of reserves required, if any, for these contingencies is based on a careful analysis of each individual issue,
evaluating the extent of our liabilities under each of the cases on a gross basis, before consideration of any possible insurance claims or settlements. We record provisions in our consolidated financial statements for pending litigation when we
determine that an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Where the loss contingency is considered reasonably possible, the information is disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial
statements.
47
A. Results of Operations
Our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2005 and 2006 have been restated to give effect to the following: (1) reclassification of provision for inventory losses and inventory write-offs which were
incorrectly presented as special charges to cost of sales and (2) reclassification of loss on disposal of obsolete inventories which was incorrectly presented as other income (expense) to cost of sales. Note 3 to our consolidated financial
statements attached to this amended annual report provides an explanatory discussion of the restatements made.
The following table
presents selected operating data as a percentage of revenue for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
Revenue
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
Cost of sales
|
|
99.5
|
|
|
103.1
|
|
|
95.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit (loss)
|
|
0.5
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
Operating expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
9.0
|
|
|
8.6
|
|
|
7.7
|
|
Special charges
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
Selling and marketing
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
|
0.7
|
|
Research and development
|
|
1.2
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
Reversal of allowance for doubtful accounts
|
|
|
|
|
(0.1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
12.8
|
|
|
13.5
|
|
|
11.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from operations
|
|
(12.3
|
)
|
|
(16.6
|
)
|
|
(7.7
|
)
|
Other income (expenses)net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest and bank chargesnet
|
|
(2.7
|
)
|
|
(3.9
|
)
|
|
(3.7
|
)
|
Foreign exchange gains (losses)
|
|
(0.4
|
)
|
|
(0.2
|
)
|
|
(0.6
|
)
|
Lease income
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
Income on refund from a utility company
|
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
|
0.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other income (expenses)
|
|
(3.0
|
)
|
|
(3.6
|
)
|
|
(4.1
|
)
|
Loss before income tax and minority interest
|
|
(15.3
|
)
|
|
(20.2
|
)
|
|
(11.8
|
)
|
Provision for income tax
|
|
0.5
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing operations
|
|
(15.8
|
)
|
|
(20.4
|
)
|
|
(12.0
|
)
|
Loss from discontinued operations
|
|
(3.0
|
)
|
|
(6.7
|
)
|
|
(0.9
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
(18.8
|
)%
|
|
(27.1
|
)%
|
|
(12.9
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year to Year Comparison for Years Ended 2004 to 2005 and 2005 to 2006
Revenues and Gross Margins
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
(Thousands of dollars)
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
%
change
from
2003
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
%
change
from
2004
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
%
change
from
2005
|
|
Revenue
|
|
78,089
|
|
|
1.5
|
%
|
|
72,868
|
|
|
(6.7
|
)%
|
|
89,737
|
|
|
23.2
|
%
|
Cost of sales
|
|
77,683
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
75,137
|
|
|
(3.3
|
)
|
|
86,048
|
|
|
14.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit (loss)
|
|
406
|
|
|
207.6
|
%
|
|
(2,269
|
)
|
|
(658.9
|
)%
|
|
3,689
|
|
|
262.6
|
%
|
Gross profit (loss) percentage
|
|
0.5
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
(3.1
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
4.1
|
%
|
|
|
|
2006 versus 2005
. Revenues increased by $16.9 million, or 23.2%, to $89.7 million in
2006 from $72.9 million in 2005. The increase is principally driven by the increase in sales volume from our top five customers and a shift towards packages with a higher selling price. The sales volume of our top five customers increased by 15.2%
from 0.99 million units in 2005 to 1.140 million units in 2006. The increase was partially offset by the decrease in sales volume of other customers.
48
By geographical market, sales to our customers in the United States decreased by 0.9% to $
20.1 million in 2006 from $20.3 million in 2005, due primarily to a sales reduction from Texas Instruments Inc. by $1.9 million as a result of reduced demand. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in Semiconductor Components
Industries, Ltd. revenue by $1.5 million. Sales to our European customers increased by 38.1% to $67.0 million in 2006 from $48.5 million in 2005 primarily due to an $18.0 million increase in sales from Infineon Technologies, Inc and Spett.le
STMicroelectronics. Sales to our customers in Asia decreased by 35.2% to $2.6 million in 2006, from $4.1 million in 2005, due primarily to the reduction in sales to Vishay Intertechnology Asia, PTE. The geographical distribution of our revenue is
classified according to the domicile of our customers, and not according to the actual locations where the end products are finally assembled, marketed and sold.
Cost of sales includes cost of raw materials used to assemble our packages, depreciation of assembly, test, facilities and facilities support equipment, labor and attributed overhead. Cost of sales increased by 14.5%,
or equivalent to $10.9 million, from $75.1 million in 2005 to $86.0 million in 2006. The increase was primarily due to increases in cost of raw materials, labor, and utilities due to an improvement in overall sales. The increase in raw materials,
labor and utilities was partially offset by the decrease in depreciation. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased from 103.1% in 2005 to 95.9% in 2006 due to an improvement in package mix, increase in copper price was passed on to our
customers and a decrease in depreciation. Cost of raw materials increased from $32.1 million in 2005 to $40.8 million in 2006 due to increase in sales volume of our top five customers by 13.2%. Raw materials as a percentage of revenue slightly
increased from 44.0% in 2005 and 45.5% in 2006 since majority of the copper increases in 2006 were passed on to our customers. Labor costs increased from $9.7 million in 2005 to $11.8 million in 2006 primarily due to increases in overtime and
retirement benefits and and continued appreciation of the Philippine peso versus the U.S. dollar. Utilities costs increased from $5.6 million to $6.6 million due to an increase in electricity consumption owing to the increase in sales volume from
our top five customers and the continued appreciation of the Philippine peso versus the U.S. dollar. Utilities as a percentage of revenue was 7.3% in 2006 and 7.6% in 2005. Depreciation decreased by 15.0% from $16.7 million in 2005 to $14.2 million
in 2006, primarily due to the decrease in depreciable assets in 2006 as certain fixed assets were fully depreciated in 2005 and the first quarter of 2006. Depreciation as a percentage of sales was 22.9% in 2005 and 15.8% in 2006.
We achieved a gross profit of $3.7 million in 2006, an improvement from a gross loss of $2.3 million in 2005 due to higher sales volume from our top five
customers, favorable package mix, an increase in copper price
that
was passed on to our customers and a decrease in depreciation.
2005 versus 2004
.
Revenues decreased by $5.2 million, or 6.7%, to $72.9 million in 2005 from $78.1 million in 2004, primarily due to the 5.9% decrease in sales volume. By geographical market, sales to our customers in
the United States decreased by 16.5% to $20.3 million in 2005 from $24.2 million in 2004, due primarily to the reduction in sales to Texas Instruments Inc. by $3.1 million as a result of reduced end demand and their decision to outsource to
other subcontractors in Asia. Sales to our European customers increased by 1.6% to $48.5 million in 2005, from $47.8 million in 2004, primarily due to an increase in sales to Infineon Technologies, Inc. Sales to our customers in Asia decreased by
32.8% to $4.1 million in 2005, from $6.0 million in 2004, due primarily to the reduction in sales to Fairchild Korea Semiconductor by $1.0 million and Vishay Intertechnology Asia, PTE by $0.7 million. The geographical distribution of our revenue is
classified according to the domicile of our customers, and not according to the actual locations where the end products are finally assembled, marketed and sold.
Cost of sales includes raw materials used to assemble our packages, depreciation of assembly, test, facilities and facilities support equipment, labor and attributed overhead. Cost of sales decreased by 3.3% to $75.1
million in 2005 from $77.7 million in 2004, primarily due to decrease in raw materials arising from a drop in sales volume. The decrease in raw materials was partially offset by the increases in depreciation, utilities and provision for inventory
losses. Depreciation increased by by 6.1% from $15.7 million in 2004 to $16.7 million in 2005. Depreciation as a percentage of sales was 20.1% in 2004 and 22.9% in 2005. Utilities increased by 15.3% primarily due to the increase in the utility rate
from average rate of Php5.14 per kilowatt hour in 2004 to Php6.54 per kilowatt hour in 2005. Provision for inventory losses amounted to $0.5 million in 2005. No provision for inventory losses was recognized in 2004. As a result, we incurred a gross
loss of $2.3 million in 2005 from a gross profit of $0.4 million in 2004.
49
Operating Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
(Thousands of dollars)
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
%
change
from
2003
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
%
change
from
2004
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
%
change
from
2005
|
|
General and Administrative
|
|
7,029
|
|
|
6.3
|
%
|
|
6,243
|
|
|
(11.2
|
)%
|
|
6,930
|
|
|
11.0
|
%
|
Special Charges
|
|
1,263
|
|
|
(89.0
|
)
|
|
1,483
|
|
|
17.4
|
|
|
1,884
|
|
|
27.0
|
|
Selling and Marketing
|
|
787
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
|
962
|
|
|
22.3
|
|
|
669
|
|
|
(30.4
|
)
|
Provision for (Reversal of) doubtful accounts
|
|
|
|
|
(100.0
|
)
|
|
(85
|
)
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
111.8
|
|
Research and Development
|
|
925
|
|
|
27.9
|
|
|
1,201
|
|
|
29.9
|
|
|
1,151
|
|
|
(4.2
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Operating Expenses
|
|
10,004
|
|
|
(49.0
|
)%
|
|
9,804
|
|
|
2.0
|
%
|
|
10,644
|
|
|
8.6
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage of Net Sales (%)
|
|
12.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
13.5
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
11.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative (G&A) expenses consist of salaries and benefits for administrative personnel, depreciation of office furniture and
equipment, outside services and professional fees, office utilities, supplies, expenses for investor relations activities, directors fees and stock compensation costs resulting from the grant of employee stock options.
2006 versus 2005.
G&A expenses increased by 11.0% from $6.2 million in 2005 to $6.9 million in 2006. The increase was primarily due to
the increase in professional fees brought about in part by the restatement of financial statements. The increase was partially offset by the decreases in depreciation, insurance and retirement cost.
2005 versus 2004
. G&A expenses decreased by 11.2% from $7.0 million in 2004 to $6.2 million in 2005, due to the decrease in
depreciation for building and leasehold improvements and insurance. Likewise, there was a reversal of recognized stock compensation expense of $0.08 million in 2005 as a result of the expiration of the 5-year stock option plan granted to certain
officers of the company, compared to stock compensation expense of $0.6 million in 2004.
Special Charges
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
(Thousands of dollars)
|
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
2006
|
Impairment losses on property, plant and equipment
|
|
$
|
1,263
|
|
$
|
1,483
|
|
$
|
1,884
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 versus 2005.
Our recurring losses since 2001 triggered an impairment review in
accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005. Based on the review of the long-lived assets, we recognized asset impairment losses amounting to
$423,385 since the carrying value of the group of assets exceeded its fair value by that amount. The determination of fair value was based on the expected cash flow approach using an effective interest rate of 7.719%, based on 4.719% yield rates on
4-year Republic of the Philippines (ROP) bonds as quoted by the Philippine Bureau of Treasury or BTr as of December 31,2006, plus a 3% risk premium. Also in 2006, we recognized an additional impairment loss amounting to $1.5 million. This
represents the net book value of certain machinery and equipment which we no longer use in our operations and, based on our assessment, has no salvage value.
50
2005 versus 2004
. We review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. We determine whether or not the assets are recoverable based on estimated discounted future cash flows to be generated by the assets. Recoverability of assets to be
held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to discounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. The discounted future net cash flows and fair value of assets are subject to change depending on
the actual sales, margins, and salvage value of the impaired assets that may be realized by us in the future. On January 28, 2005, Pacsem Realty and PSi Laguna entered into separate Contracts to Sell with ILO for the sale of (a) land
including parcel of land for which Pacsem Realty has made a deposit of $393,750, recorded under Other Noncurrent Assets account in the consolidated balance sheet and (b) building and land improvements (Site 3) for a total
consideration of $350,000 and $2.2 million, respectively. The determination of fair value as of December 31, 2004 was based on the expected proceeds as stated in the Contracts to Sell, net of discount. The expected proceeds were discounted
using an effective interest rate of 15% determined based on 12% yield rate on ROP bonds as quoted by the Bureau of Treasury as of January 28, 2005, plus 3% risk-free premium. The book value of the Site 3 building and improvements as of
December 31, 2004 exceeded the fair value by $1.3 million, as such, the Company recognized an impairment loss of $1.3 million in 2004 and included under Special charges account in the 2004 consolidated statement of operations.
We continue to evaluate all options possible with regard to the use or disposal of these equipment and properties.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Sales and marketing
expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits for sales and marketing personnel, expenses associated with our overseas marketing offices in California, Arizona and Tokyo, promotion, travel, and communication costs.
2006 versus 2005
. Sales and marketing expenses decreased by 30.4% from $962 thousand in 2005 to $669 thousand in 2006, due primarily to the
closure of our U.S. purchasing and marketing office in January 2006.
2005 versus 2004
. Sales and marketing expenses
increased 22.3% from $787 thousand in 2004 to $962 thousand in 2005, due primarily to increased sales and marketing activities. Sales and marketing expenses, as a percentage of revenues, increased from 1.0% in 2004 to 1.3% in 2005 primarily due to
the promotion of our Power QFN family of packages and increase in salaries expenses. On April 1, 2005, we terminated the sales and marketing agreement with Tokai. However, Tokai currently serves as our agent for selected Japanese customers.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses consisted of the salaries and benefits for process and package engineering personnel and the cost of materials used in developing and qualifying new packages for our customers, depreciation on and
maintenance of research equipment and allocable portions of facility costs.
2006 versus 2005
. Research and development
expenses decreased by 4.2% from $1.20 million in 2005 to $1.15 million in 2006 due primarily to the resignation of our Chief Technology Officer on May 31, 2006.
2005 versus 2004
. Research and development expenses increased by 29.9% from $0.9 million to $1.2 million in 2005 due to the development of derivative intellectual property related to the development and
introduction of the Power QFN family of packages as well as new qualifications performed during the year.
51
Loss from Continuing Operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
(Thousands of dollars)
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
%
change
from
2003
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
%
change
from
2004
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
%
change
from
2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
78,089
|
|
|
1.5
|
%
|
|
72,868
|
|
|
(6.7
|
)%
|
|
89,737
|
|
|
23.2
|
%
|
Cost of Sales
|
|
77,683
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
75,137
|
|
|
(3.3
|
)
|
|
86,048
|
|
|
14.5
|
|
Operating Expenses
|
|
10,004
|
|
|
(49.0
|
)
|
|
9,804
|
|
|
(2.0
|
)
|
|
10,644
|
|
|
8.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from Continuing Operations
|
|
(9,598
|
)
|
|
(50.7
|
)%
|
|
(12,073
|
)
|
|
25.8
|
%
|
|
(6,955
|
)
|
|
(42.4
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 versus 2005
. Loss from continuing operations decreased by 42.4% from $12.1
million in 2005 to $6.9 million in 2006, primarily due to the increase in gross profit by $6.0 million, from a gross loss of $2.3 million in 2005 to gross profit of $3.7 million in 2006. The increase in our gross profit is a result of the increase
in sales volume of our top five customers, favorable package mix, increase in copper price that was passed on to our customers and a decrease in depreciation. The increase in gross profit was partially offset by the increase in operating expenses by
8.6%. As a percentage of revenue, loss from continuing operations decreased from 16.6% in 2005 to 7.7% in 2006.
2005 versus
2004
. Loss from continuing operations increased by 25.8% from $9.6 million in 2004 to $12.1 million in 2005, primarily due to a decrease in gross profit by $2.7 million brought about by the decrease in sales volume coupled with increases in
depreciation and utilities. As a percentage of revenue, loss from continuing operations increased from 12.3% in 2004 to 16.6% in 2005.
Net Interest and
Bank Charges
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
(Thousands of dollars)
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
%
change
from
2003
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
%
change
from
2004
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
%
change
from
2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense, bank and financing charges
|
|
(2,150
|
)
|
|
59.7
|
%
|
|
(3,029
|
)
|
|
40.9
|
%
|
|
(3,518
|
)
|
|
16.1
|
%
|
Interest income
|
|
14
|
|
|
(89.7
|
)
|
|
156
|
|
|
1040.0
|
|
|
160
|
|
|
2.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest and bank chargesNet
|
|
(2,136
|
)
|
|
76.0
|
%
|
|
(2,873
|
)
|
|
34.5
|
%
|
|
(3,358
|
)
|
|
16.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 versus 2005.
Net interest expense increased by 16.8% from $2.9 million in 2005
to $3.4 million in 2006. In 2005, interest expense, bank and financing charges included interest expense and debt discount amortization for the portion of the year subsequent to the issuance of the $7 million exchangeable senior subordinated note
issued in June 2005 to Merrill Lynch LLC and the anti-dilution adjustment for the $4 million senior subordinated exchangeable note issued in July 2003 to Merrill Lynch LLC, whereas 2006 included a full year interest expense and debt discount
amortization of the 2003 and 2005 exchangeable notes.
2005 versus 2004
. Net interest expense increased by
34.5% from $2.1 million in 2004 compared to $2.9 million in 2005. The increase was primarily due to the interest expense and deferred financing charges related to the $7.0 million exchangeable senior subordinated note issued in June 2005 to Merrill
Lynch LLC.
Net Foreign Exchange Losses
Net foreign exchange gains or losses result from movements in the exchange rates of foreign currencies between the date a monetary asset or liability arises and the balance sheet date or the date of settlement.
52
2006 versus 2005
. We recognized a net foreign exchange loss of $530,334 in 2006 compared to
net foreign exchange loss of $150,628 in 2005, principally due to the effect of settlement and restatement of transactions and balances denominated in Philippine peso, Japanese yen and European euro into U.S. dollars. In 2006, the Philippine peso
and European euro appreciated relative to the U.S dollar while the Japanese yen depreciated relative to the U.S. dollar.
2005 versus
2004
. We recognized a net foreign exchange loss of $150,628 in 2005 compared to net foreign exchange loss of $310,832 in 2004, principally due to the effect of settlement and restatement of transactions and balances denominated in Japanese
yen, European euro, Chinese renminbi and Philippine peso into U.S. dollars. In 2005, the Philippine peso appreciated relative to the U.S dollar while Japanese yen and European euro depreciated relative to the U.S. dollar. The Chinese renminbi
fluctuated in a narrow trading band vis-à-vis the U.S. dollar.
Provision for Income Tax
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended
(Thousands of dollars)
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
%
change
from
2003
|
|
|
2005
|
|
%
change
from
2004
|
|
|
2006
|
|
%
change
from
2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for income tax
|
|
369
|
|
(263.8
|
)%
|
|
120
|
|
(67.3
|
)%
|
|
191
|
|
58.5
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 versus 2005.
We recognized a provision for income tax of $191,033 in 2006
compared to provision for income tax of $120,488 in 2005. In 2005, there was a reversal of deferred tax asset amounted to $117,392 because we were incurring continuing losses. In 2006, we were in a tax income position that resulted in the
recognition of income tax expense amounting to $191,033, No deferred asset was recognized in 2006.
2005 versus
2004
.
We recognized provision for income tax of $120,488 in 2005 compared to provision for income tax of $368,768 in 2004.
Results of
Discontinued Operations
On September 8, 2005, the representatives of the Management Committee of the CHTZ, and the Management
Office of Sichuan Chengdu Export Processing Zone informed PSi Chengdu of the governments plan to convert the Southern Export Processing Zone where PSi Chengdu is located into a commercial area and the need for PSi Chengdu to
relocate from the Southern Export Processing Zone to the Western Export Processing Zone. The relocation issue which could have further drained PSi Chengdus resources, coupled with continuous operating and cash flow losses from the start
of commercial operations up to 2005, triggered an impairment review in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets as of December 31, 2005. Management estimated that the
undiscounted future cash flows to be generated by PSi Chengdu to be negative compared with the carrying amount of PSi Chengdus long-lived assets of $2.7 million. The fair value of those assets determined using the expected cash
flow approached was $0.2 less than the book value of such assets. Consequently, we write-down the carrying value of such assets amounting to $2.7 million in 2005.
On April 5, 2006, the Board of Directors (BOD) of PSi Technologies and PSi Mauritius through its subsidiary, PSi Chengdu, informed the Management Committee of the CHTZ of its decision to close the
facility in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, PRC. PSi Chengdu ceased commercial operations on April 30, 2006. We restated our historical results to reflect the closure of PSi China operations as a discontinued operation. In connection with
the disposition of PSi China operations, we recorded, in 2006, $386,384 in severance and other exit costs. As of July 13, 2007, PSi Chengdu is in the process of completing the requirements for liquidation and dissolution.
53
A summary of the results from discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2006 is as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended December 31
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2004
|
|
Net sales
|
|
$
|
2,354,739
|
|
|
$
|
7,473,187
|
|
|
1,049,972
|
|
Gross profit (loss)
|
|
|
129,030
|
|
|
|
(202,137
|
)
|
|
(1,268,624
|
)
|
Operating loss from discontinued operations
|
|
|
(861,551
|
)
|
|
|
(4,854,268
|
)
|
|
(2,343,165
|
)
|
Other income (expense)
|
|
|
76,690
|
|
|
|
(21,693
|
)
|
|
(13,808
|
)
|
Net loss from discontinued operations
|
|
|
(784,861
|
)
|
|
|
(4,875,961
|
)
|
|
(2,356,973
|
)
|
B. Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity
In 2006, we funded our operations and capital expenditures primarily through cash from
operations (including receivables collections), short-term loans, and short-term supplier credits. As of December 31, 2006, we had $24.4 million in current assets, of which $3.4 million are in the form of cash, $14.6 million in trade and other
receivables, and $5.9 million in inventories. We used funds supplied by our banks to acquire certain inventories, which are held under a trust arrangement with the banks. These arrangements are evidenced by trust receipts and we are
accountable to our banks until the amounts supplied under the trust arrangements have been repaid.
Operating Activities
In 2006, net cash provided by operating activities amounted to $11.1 million, while in 2005, cash flows used in operating activities amounted to $4.2
million. The net cash generated in 2006 was primarily accounted for by the net loss after adjusting non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization, impairment losses, provision for inventory obsolescence, provision for deferred income tax,
retirement benefit, unrealized foreign exchange losses, and decrease in inventories, and offset by the increase in trade and other payables and decrease in trade and other receivables. The net cash used in 2005 was primarily accounted for by the net
loss after adjusting for non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization, impairment losses, provision for inventory obsolescence, provision for deferred income tax, retirement benefit, unrealized foreign exchange losses, and decrease in
inventories, and offset by the increase in trade and other receivables and decrease in trade and other payables. The proceeds of the $7.0 million exchangeable note raised on June 2, 2005 was partly used to pay a certain portion of these
accounts payable to our suppliers.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities totaled $4.9 million in 2006 compared to $1.9 million in 2005. In 2006, these investments consisted mainly of acquisition of additional assembly and test equipment and facilities
involving the increase in the production capacity and facilities support equipment for Taguig and Laguna. As of December 31, 2006, we had outstanding equipment purchased through suppliers credits amounting to $2.5 million.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing
activities totaled $4.5 million in 2006. In 2005, net cash provided by financing activities totaled $6.7 million. In 2006, the net cash used in financing activities was due to our payment of trust receipts payable and short term loans to KBC N.V. -
Philippine Branch and KBC N.V. - Hong Kong Branch (See Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements). This was offset by the proceeds from short-term loans from PVB-Philippines in 2006. In 2005, cash from financing activities was primarily
generated from the proceeds of the $7.0 million exchangeable note, and a decrease in restricted cash offset by payments of short term loans and obligations under capital leases and payments. As of December 31, 2006, we had $10.5 million in
short-term loans and $39,998 in trust receipts payable.
54
On June 2, 2005, we issued a $7.0 million 4-year exchangeable senior subordinated note due in 2009
which bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum, net of Philippine withholding taxes, to Merrill Lynch LLC. The Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, comprised of three non-management, independent directors not affiliated with Merrill
Lynch, negotiated and approved the terms of the note. The proceeds of the note were used to partially finance capital expenditures related to the introduction of our Power QFN (Quad Flat No-Lead) Package and for the repayment of due and outstanding
suppliers credits and capital expenditures payables. See Item 7Major Shareholder and Related party TransactionsThe Merrill Lynch Exchangeable Notes.
In 2003, we entered into an agreement to restructure the outstanding liability to a customer. Instead of a final balloon payment in December 2003, the
restructuring allowed us to pay down the liability on a monthly basis at an amount dependent on the loading of the customer, with final payment in August 2005. The entire liability was fully settled in 2005.
Cash flows from discontinued operations are reported together with cash flows from continuing operations in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Net
cash provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities from discontinued operations for the three years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2004
|
|
Net cash used in operating activities
|
|
$
|
(1,779,406
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1,580,962
|
)
|
|
$
|
(763,843
|
)
|
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
|
|
|
86,304
|
|
|
|
(318,058
|
)
|
|
|
(3,287,455
|
)
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
1,583,043
|
|
|
|
1,785,425
|
|
|
|
4,357,318
|
|
The PSi Chengdu operations have been incurring cash losses ever since it started operations in
2004. Our discontinued operations will result in positive impact on future liquidity and capital resources. Total cash flow from discontinued operations amounted to ($110,059), ($113,595) and $306,020 in 2006, 2005 and 2004.
See Item 5Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations.
Capital Expenditures
We incurred a capital expenditure of $8.7 million in 2006 which principally
relates to the acquisition of machinery and equipment for our production requirements. The majority of such capital expenditure relate to our expansion project, which involves the increase in the production capacity of our manufacture of power
semiconductor devices.
We believe that net cash generated from operations and additional debt together with cash in bank and credit
facilities, will be sufficient to meet our working capital and outstanding obligations to our equipment suppliers for the next 12 months. On April 19, 2006, Philippine Veterans Bank (PVB) extended a revolving promissory note line amounting to
$3.0 million including availability of a letter of credit up to $450,000. The facility is subject to annual review by PVB up to April 11, 2010 and a 90-day availability period. The Revolving Promissory Note Line Agreement was subsequently
signed on July 13, 2006. We are negotiating with PVB for an increase in its revolving promissory note line from $3 million to $5 million.
Capital
Resources
Our continued operations as a going concern is dependent on our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations
and/or seek other sources of financing; however there is no assurance that positive operating results can be achieved nor that any additional financing or refinancing can be obtained on favorable terms, if at all. To address the foregoing, we are
undertaking the following:
|
a.
|
Adoption of measures to lower the variability of customer loadings through consolidation of plant sites and allow better fixed cost recovery and optimize capacity utilization of
remaining sites;
|
55
|
b.
|
Development of new captive businesses such as the sales and investment agreement with a major customer with committed volume, higher selling price and underutilization charges in
case of shortfall versus commitments;
|
|
c.
|
Management of customer and package mix towards higher average selling price and better margin packages;
|
|
d.
|
Reduction of operating costs and overheads;
|
|
e.
|
Improvement of productivity, manufacturing efficiency and equipment capabilities through introduction and launching of continuous improvement circles;
|
|
f.
|
Approval of capital expenditures that meet certain financial criteria;
|
|
g.
|
Development of partnerships with suppliers and customers for access to and use of intellectual property, production equipment and materials at beneficial terms and conditions; and
|
|
h.
|
Establishment of additional credit facilities with other banks and financial institutions.
|
We have credit facilities with various banks and financial institutions. These credit facilities are short-term in nature and can be terminated anytime.
We continue to explore various financing options with various banks and financing institutions. We may not be successful in negotiating and closing any of these financing options. These credit facilities are discussed below.
We have a $10 million credit facility from the Singapore Branch of Raiffeisen Zentralbank Oesterreich AG (RZB-Austria) which is available to PSi
Technologies and PSi Laguna of which $9.7 million was outstanding as of December 31, 2006. As of December 31, 2006, we had not complied with certain financial ratio requirements under the short-term credit facility from RZB-Austria. The
credit facility was initially for a period beginning in 2002 and renewed every year thereafter until December 31, 2005. However, on April 1, 2006, RZB-Austria extended the credit facility granted to PSi Technologies and PSi Laguna until
December 31, 2006. On April 27, 2007, we signed with RZB-Austria a Second Supplemental Agreement under which the credit facility was extended from December 31, 2006 until March 31, 2008. However, RZB-Austria may cancel the credit
facility anytime during the term of the loan and all amounts outstanding under the facility including accrued interest shall be immediately due and payable. Under the agreement, RZB-Austria also agreed to remove the financial covenants previously
required of us.
We also have a $3 million short-term credit facility with KBC Bank N.V.Philippine Branch of which $2 million was
outstanding as of December 31, 2005 and another $4 million letter of credit and trust receipt facility of which $3.3 million is outstanding as of December 31, 2005. The short term credit facility was secured by accounts receivable from a
customer (see Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). As of December 31, 2005, PSi Holdings and PSi Technologies have not complied with certain financial ratio requirements under the Loan Agreement with KBC Bank N.V.Philippine
Branch. On March 10, 2006, KBC Bank N.V.Philippine Branch informed us that it is terminating the credit facility it extended to the Company effective May 9, 2006. On May 26, 2006, KBC Bank N.V. Philippine Branch advised
the Company that the KBC Bank N.V.Philippine Branch ceased operations effective April 30, 2006 and that in view of such cessation, the loan account will be assumed by KBC Bank N.V.Hong Kong Branch starting June 10, 2006. The
loan agreement, including the deed of assignment of receivables and other agreements related thereto, remains in full force and effect after the transfer of the booking of the loan, but KBC Bank N.V.Hong Kong Branch agreed to assume all the
rights and obligations of KBC Bank N.V.Philippine Branch thereunder. As of December 31, 2006, the outstanding short term loans amounted to $524,742.85. We paid the outstanding short term loans in full on January 5, 2007.
The facility we currently have with PVB is subject to annual review by PVB up to April 11, 2010 and a 90-day availability period. As of
December 31, 2006, the outstanding short term loans due to PVB amounted to $0.3 million.
56
Special Tax Status
We have benefited from tax incentives available in the Philippines. Our Taguig facility was registered under R.A. No. 7916, otherwise known as the Special Economic Zone Act of 1995, which created the Philippine
Economic Zone Authority. As of May 17, 2004, we became subject to a special tax rate of 5% of gross income derived from the sale of products produced at that facility, in lieu of all national and local taxes after the expiration of the income
tax holiday period. Income that is not related to our core activities such as lease income, gains from sale of assets or other activities that are not registered with PEZA are subject to income tax of 35%, effective November 1, 2005.
Because we export all our products, we are subject to zero percent value added tax (VAT), in the Philippines. Ordinarily, a 12% VAT is
imposed on the sale of goods and services in the Philippines.
With respect to our import of machinery and equipment, we are able to
convert the VAT paid on the importation into tax credit certificates. These tax credit certificates can be used as payment for import VAT and customs duties where so permitted by the Philippine Bureau of Customs on other imports. Likewise, we also
have tax credit certificates from the Bureau of Internal Revenue which arise from a refund of VAT paid on purchases of raw materials and supplies prior to being PEZA registered. These tax credits can be used to pay income tax and documents stamp tax
but not for withholding taxes. They can also be sold for cash at a discount to other importers who are permitted to use them if so permitted by the Bureau of Customs and the Bureau of Internal Revenue, respectively. These tax credit certificates
were all re-validated and or extended in compliance with memoranda issued from the Bureau of Internal Revenue. As of December 31, 2006, we have tax credit certificates of $72,617. These amounts are included in other current assets account as of
December 31, 2006.
In addition, the legislation grants the following fiscal incentives for new projects of non-pioneering status:
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tax and duty-free importation of capital equipment, raw materials and spare parts, which eliminates VAT and negates the need to convert VAT paid on importation into
tax credit certificates;
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an income tax holiday for new, expansion or additional projects which we may register with PEZA; and
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a special tax rate of 5% on gross income derived from the sale of products produced at that facility, in lieu of all national and local taxes after the expiration
of the income tax holiday period.
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Our Laguna facility is also registered under R.A. No. 7916, which grants the
following fiscal incentives:
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|
tax and duty-free importation of capital equipment, raw materials and spare parts, which eliminates VAT and negates the need to convert VAT paid on importation into
tax credit certificates;
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an income tax holiday for new, expansion or additional projects which we may register with PEZA; and
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a special tax rate of 5% on gross income derived from the sale of products produced at that facility, in lieu of all national and local taxes after the expiration
of the income tax holiday period.
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Our Chengdu Facility is entitled to the following fiscal incentives:
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a tax incentive period commencing from the time operational profit is realized, and 15% income tax rate for the third to fifth years with option to extend by
another three years subject to ratification by PRC tax authorities;
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after the tax incentive period is finished, a 15% income tax rate is levied if we export over 70% of our yearly products. For an exporting company already on a 15%
tax rate, the income tax to be levied is 10%;
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exemption from customs duties and VAT payments for imported machinery, equipments, construction materials, moulds, spare parts, raw materials, packing materials,
components and units;
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57
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bonded warehouse facility, including refund of VAT on purchase of items produce and made in the Peoples Republic of China such as machinery, equipment,
construction materials, raw materials, packaging materials, moulds and spare parts;
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tax rebate of 13% on the cost of electricity, water and gas consumed for the manufacture of products for export;
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power subsidy of 10% based on the actual power consumption expense for a period of five years, and 5% for another five years thereafter; and
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a reduction in social benefit and social securities rate to 24.6% from 37%;
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PSi Chengdu ceased commercial operations on April 30, 2006 and is in the process of liquidation and dissolution. As a result, PSi Chengdu was able
to obtain clearances from State Tax Department and Chengdu Local Tax Department on January 24, 2007 and April 5, 2007, respectively. PSi Chengdu did not receive any tax assessments from State Tax Dapartment and Chengdu Local Tax
Department.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In February 2006, FASB issued SFAS No. 155,
Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments
(SFAS No. 155), which amends SFAS No. 133,
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and
Hedging Activities
(SFAS No. 133) and SFAS No. 140,
Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities
(SFAS No. 140). SFAS No. 155 simplifies the
accounting for certain derivatives embedded in other financial instruments by allowing them to be accounted for as a whole if the holder elects to account for the whole instrument on a fair value basis. SFAS No. 155 also clarifies and amends
certain other provisions of SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 140. SFAS No. 155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired, issued or subject to a re-measurement event occurring in fiscal years beginning after September 15,
2006. Earlier adoption is permitted, provided the company has not yet issued financial statements, including for interim periods, for that fiscal year. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 155 will have a material impact on our
consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In June 2006, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue
06-03
How Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities Should Be Presented in the Income Statement (That Is, Gross Versus Net Presentation)
(Issue 06-03). Under Issue 06-03, a company must disclose its
accounting policy regarding the gross or net presentation of certain taxes. If taxes included in gross revenues are significant, a company must disclose the amount of such taxes for each period for which an income statement is presented (i.e., both
interim and annual periods). Taxes within the scope of this Issue are those that are imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction. Taxes assessed on an entitys activities over a period of time, such as gross receipts
taxes, are not within the scope of the issue. Issue 06-03 is effective for the first annual or interim reporting period beginning after December 15, 2006. We do not expect the adoption of Issue 06-03 will have a material impact on our
consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In July 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48,
Accounting for Uncertainty
in Income Taxesan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109
(FIN 48), which clarifies the accounting and disclosure for uncertainty in income tax positions, as defined. FIN 48 seeks to reduce the diversity in practice
associated with certain aspects of the recognition and measurement related to accounting for income taxes. FIN 48 requires that we recognize in our consolidated financial statements, the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than
not of being sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. The provisions of FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, and disclosures. This
interpretation is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006, with the cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle recorded as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. We are currently in the
process of determining the impact of the adoption of this interpretation in our consolidated financial statements.
58
The FASB has issued SFAS No. 157,
Fair Value Measurements
(SFAS No. 157),
which provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. The standard also responds to investors requests for more information about (1) the extent to which companies measure assets and liabilities at fair value,
(2) the information used to measure fair value, and (3) the effect that fair value measurements have on earnings. SFAS No. 157 will apply whenever another standard requires (or permits) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair
value. The standard does not expand the use of fair value to any new circumstances. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal
years. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (SFAS No. 159). SFAS No. 159 permits
entities to choose, at specified election dates, to measure eligible items at fair value (the fair value option). Unrealized gains and losses on instruments for which the Fair Value Option has been elected are reported in earnings at
each subsequent reporting period. SFAS No. 159 will be effective on April 1, 2008. We are currently studying the guidelines of SFAS No. 159 and have not yet determined the expected impact of the implementation of this pronouncement on
our financial position, cash flows and results of operations.
C. Research and Development, Patents and Licenses
Research and Development
We are increasing our
research and development efforts on developing packages and assembly platforms that will meet the growing needs of our customer base. We offered a fully qualified QFN assembly line that will produce a wide variety of packages ranging from a 3 x 3 to
a 7 x 7 package with differing interconnect options for the power semiconductor market. The interconnect options include copper clip, and solder die attach. We believe that these interconnect options will allow us to improve product performance
through lower parasitic resistance and inductance to meet the higher package performance goals of our customers. We further believe that Power QFN packages are the fastest growing power package in the industry. This packaging platform addresses our
customers need for shortest time-to-market with a new package.
We now have in place a Lead (Pb)-free process particularly in package
lead plating and dipping, in keeping with the industrys objective to minimize and eliminate substances/components in the package harmful to the environment. Another focus in our materials development activities is the identification of
alternative materials that will improve the cost of our packages.
As of December 31, 2006 we employed 34 professionals dedicated to
research and development. Our management and other operational personnel are also involved in research and development activities. We spent a total of $1,008,075 in 2004, $1,241,508 in 2005 and $1,150,922 in 2006 on research and development.
Patents and Licenses
On November 27, 2004, we signed a broad, multi-year patent license agreement with Amkor
Technology, Inc. that grants us rights under Amkor Technology Inc.s portfolio of patents relating to
Micro
LeadFrame
®
technology,
Micro
LeadFrame
®
packages and QFN packages, and grants Amkor access to the intellectual property being developed by PSi related to its Power QFN
technology.
On June 8 and November 16, 2005, we filed our first two patent applications with the U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office, for a plastic integrated circuit package, lead frame and method for use in making the package (stud bump flip chip method of manufacture for a QFN Package) and method of putting isolated metallic interconnections onto a metallic
substrate, respectively. Both patent applications are currently pending. Our focus on the needs of our customers and the growing demands for innovation in the industry has defined our role
59
as one of the leaders in the industry. We depend in part on our ability to develop and protect our intellectual property and the intellectual property which
our customers shared with us, and our ability to apply that know-how to improve our customers packaging design and implementation.
We believe that our continued success depends in a large part on the technological skills of our employees and their ability to continue to innovate.
D. Trend Information
The Philippine economic downturn that began with the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 to 1999 the
downturn in the semiconductor industry in 2000 and the U.S. economic downturn that began in 2001 has made it more difficult for us to access adequate financing for our capital expenditures and to access such financing on attractive terms.
According to statistics from the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (Central Bank of the Philippines), the non-performing loan ratio of the
Philippine banking sector has increased from 2.8% in 1996 to 14.9% in 2002, owing to the lingering effects of the Asian financial crisis. This has increased the reluctance of the Philippine Banking sector to extend credit facilities to corporations
in general, and more especially for corporations with recent history of net losses. Similarly, the U.S. economic and semiconductor industry downturns that began in 2000 and resulted in the more than 77% decline in the technology heavy Nasdaq stock
market index from its peak in February 2000 to the indexs low of 2002 has limited funding options for companies in the semiconductor industry.
Due to the above factors, we have relied principally on supplier credits extended by our equipment suppliers to fund our capital expenditures program, and secondarily, to the extent available at the time of such
equipment purchases, on cash generated from operations and other financing activities.
Please see the discussion of the trends we have
identified regarding our business in Item 5A. through Item 5C. above.
E. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.
We have not entered into any significant transactions, arrangements or other relationships with unconsolidated, limited purpose entities.
F. Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations.
The following table aggregates, as of December 31, 2006, our known contractual obligations and commitments.
Payments Due by Period
(U.S. dollars)
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Contractual Obligations
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Total
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Less than 1
Year
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1-3 Years
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3-5 Years
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More than
5 Years
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Loans payable (1)
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10,524,742
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10,524,742
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Operating lease obligations (2)
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9,048,932
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917,035
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1,211,700
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1,229,565
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5,690,632
|
Merrill Lynch Exchangeable Notesincludes amount representing accrued interest on exchangeable notes converted to principal of $1.9
million and discount of $8.5 million (3)
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12,992,090
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|
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|
12,992,090
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|
|
(1)
|
Loans payable consist of outstanding liability to RZB-Austria amounting to $9.7 million, to KBC Bank N.V. Philippine Branch amounting to $0.5 million and PVB-Philippines
amounting to $0.3 million. See Notes 4, 9 and 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
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60
(2)
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Operating lease obligations include the lease of land and building in Taguig and Laguna.
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(3)
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On July 3, 2003, PSi Technologies, Inc., our principal operating subsidiary, issued to a Merrill Lynch LLC a $4.0 million 5-year exchangeable senior subordinated note. The
proceeds of the note were used to pay liabilities related to certain capital expenditures which came due in 2003. See Item 7Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsThe Merrill Lynch Exchangeable Notes for a summary
of terms. The note matures on June 1, 2008. The note bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum, net of Philippine withholding tax payable semi-annually in arrears. Interest on the note is payable in cash or, under certain circumstances, in
our common shares. We are not permitted to prepay the note in whole or in part. The note is exchangeable by Merrill Lynch LLC at any time into our common stock at a price of $1.15 per share. The initial exchange price was $1.47 per share, but was
reduced to $1.15 per share due to the fact that we did not meet certain performance targets for the third and fourth quarters of 2003 as provided for in the note. If, at any time after July 3, 2006, our publicly-traded ADS (i) shall have
traded at an average closing price of at least $3.00 per ADS for a 30-consecutive trading day period and (ii) the daily average trading volume of the ADS, for such period was equal to at least 33.33% of the number of shares into which the note
is exchangeable, we may then notify Merrill Lynch LLC of our intent to redeem the note. The note will then be redeemed unless Merrill Lynch LLC exercises its right to exchange or assign the note. The note is unsecured and subordinated in right of
payment to all of our obligations comprising senior credit facility, amounts of the then outstanding indebtedness to ON and any other permitted indebtedness the terms of which expressly provide it is senior in right of payment to the note.
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On June 2, 2005, PSi Technologies, Inc., our principal operating subsidiary, issued to a Merrill Lynch LLC a $7.0
million 4-year exchangeable senior subordinated note. We intend to use the proceeds of the note to partially finance capital expenditures related to the introduction of our Power QFN (Quad Flat No-Lead) Package and for the repayment of due and
outstanding suppliers credits and capital expenditures payables. See Item 7Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsThe Merrill Lynch Exchangeable Notes for a summary of terms. The exchangeable note accrues
interest at a rate of 10% per annum, net of Philippine withholding tax, and payable semi-annually in arrears. Interest on the note is payable in cash or, under certain circumstances, in our common shares. We are not permitted to prepay the note
in whole or in part. The note will be exchangeable by Merrill Lynch LLC at any time into our common stock at a price of $1.00 per share. The note exercise price may be further reduced to $0.90 per share or $0.80 per share, in the event we do not
meet certain performance targets for the fourth quarter of 2005 and first quarter of 2006 as provided for in the note. If, at any time after three years from issuance, our publicly-traded ADS (i) shall have traded at an average closing price of
at least $2.00 per ADS for a 30-consecutive trading day period and (ii) the daily average trading volume of the ADS, for such period was equal to at least 33.33% of the number of shares into which the note is exchangeable, then we may notify
Merrill Lynch LLC that we intend to redeem the note. The note will then be redeemed unless Merrill Lynch exercises its right to exchange or assign the note. The note is unsecured and subordinated in right of payment to all of our obligations
comprising senior credit facility, amounts of the then outstanding indebtedness to the following: RZB-Austria through a Revolving Facility Agreement dated September 24, 2003, KBC Bank N.V. Philippine Branch through a Short-term Advances
Credit Facility dated September 30, 2004 and LC/TR Credit Facility dated October 30, 2002, Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company through an Import LC/TR Credit Facility, Bank of Commerce through an Import LC/TR Credit Facility dated
April 16, 2003 and any other permitted indebtedness the terms of which expressly provide it is senior in right of payment to the note. The issuance of 2005 Note also triggered the anti-dilution adjustment. This resulted in a conversion reset of
the 2003 Note from the lowest exercise price, which was already set at $1.15 ( since the EBITDA target for the three months ended December 31, 2003 was not met), to $1.06. This resulted in an additional embedded beneficial conversion feature on
the 2003 Note amounting to $606,282.
As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the 2003 and 2005 Exchangeable Notes have a carrying amount of
$4.5 million (net of debt discount of $8.5 million) and $2.5 million (net of debt discount of $9.3 million), respectively. Upon redemption or conversion of the Exchangeable Notes prior to June 1, 2008 (for the 2003 Note) and June 1, 2009
(for the 2005 Note), any remaining unamortized discount will be charged to operations in the year of redemption or conversion. The embedded beneficial conversion feature recognized
61
as additional paid-in capital amounted to $7.0 million for the 2005 Note and $2.8 million (inclusive of the adjustment to the embedded beneficial conversion
of $606,282 resulting from the anti-dilution adjustment triggered by the issuance of the 2005 Note) for 2003 Note as of December 31, 2005.
In 2006, 2005 and 2004, we recognized debt discount amortization of $0.9 million, $0.8 million and $0.7 million, respectively, and these are presented as Interest and bank charges account in the consolidated statements of
income.
On June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2006 in accordance with the terms of Exchangeable Notes, PSi Technologies formally
informed Merrill Lynch that the outstanding accrued interest on the Exchangeable Notes as of said dates amounting to $589,210 and $618,671, respectively, will not be settled through payment but will be converted to principal amount of the
Exchangeable Notes.
ITEM 6 DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
A. Directors and Senior Management
As of May 31, 2007, our directors and executive officers are as follows:
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Name
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Age
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Position
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Directors
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Arthur J. Young, Jr. (1)
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50
|
|
Director and Chairman of the Board
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Mandakini Puri
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47
|
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Director
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Brian A. Renaud (1)(2)
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43
|
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Director
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Gordon J. Stevenson (3)
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|
54
|
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Director
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Roberto F. de Ocampo (4)(5)
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61
|
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Director
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Romeo L. Bernardo (4)
|
|
52
|
|
Director
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Patchara Samalapa (6)(2)
|
|
36
|
|
Director
|
|
|
|
Executive Officers
|
|
|
|
|
Arthur J. Young, Jr.
|
|
50
|
|
President & Chief Executive Officer
|
Gordon J. Stevenson
|
|
54
|
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Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
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Francisco H. Suarez, Jr.
|
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47
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Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
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Thomas Moersheim
|
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51
|
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Chief Technology Officer
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Helen G. Tiu
|
|
46
|
|
Corporate Secretary
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Hernanie S. Torres
|
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46
|
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Managing Director, Taguig Facility
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Gil Setijono Gilarsi
|
|
45
|
|
Director for Business Development, Vice President for Business Excellence
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Fernando Silva
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39
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Managing Director, Laguna Facility
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Hilario Romil A. Acosta Jr.
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37
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Director for Supply Chain
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Jun Santiago (7)
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45
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Director for Human Resources Development
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(1)
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Member of the Compensation Committee
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(2)
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Member of the Budget Committee
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(3)
|
Elected September 2005 replacing William John Meder
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(4)
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Member of the Audit Committee
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(5)
|
Chairman of the Audit Committee
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(6)
|
Elected April 2004 replacing Sung Ming Cho of Merrill Lynch. Mr. Samalapa qualified for board membership in accordance with the Corporation Code of the Philippines on
October 22, 2004.
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(7)
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Resigned effective July 6, 2007.
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Since the last
annual stockholders meeting and through June 2007, the Board of Directors had three meetings The average attendance by directors at Board of Directors meetings they were scheduled to attend was 85.7%
.
The members of the Board of Directors listed above were elected to the board during the annual stockholders meeting on October 25, 2006.
62
All directors are elected annually by our shareholders. Interim vacancies may be filled by our board of
directors. Our executive officers do not serve fixed terms of office and are appointed by and serve at the discretion of the board of directors. The following sets out biographical information on our directors and executive officers.
Arthur J. Young, Jr.
Mr. Young is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of PSi Technologies Holdings, Inc. and PSi Technologies, Inc. He has
been with us since 1988 and was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer of PSi Technologies Holdings, Inc. on February 4, 2000. Prior to working with us, Mr. Young founded and managed a diversified transportation business in
Vancouver, Canada. Mr. Young received a bachelors degree in Political Science from the University of British Columbia in Canada.
Mandakini Puri
Ms. Puri is a Managing Director in Merrill Lynchs Global Private Equity Division and has been with Merrill Lynch since 1986. Ms. Puri has a Bachelor of Arts degree from Delhi University, India and an
MBA from the University of Pennsylvania.
Brian A. Renaud
Mr. Renaud is a Managing Director in Merrill Lynchs Global
Private Equity Division. He has been with Merrill Lynch since 1990. He also serves as a director on the board of Wendeng Tianrun Crankshaft Co., Ltd. Mr. Renaud received a Bachelor of Science degree from Georgetown University and an MBA from
Harvard University.
Patchara Samalapa
Mr. Samalapa is an Associate in Merrill Lynchs Global Private Equity Division. He
has been with Merrill Lynch since 1996. Mr. Samalapa received a Bachelor of Science degree in Industrial Management from Carnegie Mellon University and an MBA from Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Gordon J. Stevenson
Mr. Stevenson is our Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President. He is an accomplished operations and
turnaround specialist with over 30 years experience in the semiconductor and manufacturing industries at companies such as GI Microelectronics and Royal Philips Electronics.
Roberto F. de Ocampo,
Dr. de Ocampo was previously the President of the Asian Institute of Management (AIM), one of the leading international
business and management graduate schools based in Manila. He is currently a member of the AIM Board of Trustees and is Chairman of the Board of Advisors of the AIM-RFO Center for Public Finance and Regional Economic Cooperation. He served as
Secretary of Finance of the Republic of the Philippines from 1994 to 1998 during the presidency of Fidel V. Ramos, and was previously Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Development Bank of the Philippines during the presidency of Cory
Aquino. Dr. de Ocampo graduated from De La Salle College and Ateneo University in Manila, received an MBA from the University of Michigan, holds a post-graduate diploma from the London School of Economics, and has four doctorate degrees
(Honoris Causa). He is the recipient of many international awards including Finance Minister of the Year, Philippine Legion of Honor, ADFIAP Man of the Year, Chevalier of the Legion of Honor of France, and the 2006 Asian HRD Award for Outstanding
Contribution to Society.
Romeo L. Bernardo
Mr. Bernardo is President of Lazaro Bernardo Tiu & Associates, Inc., a
financial advisory firm and serves as GlobalSource economist in the Philippines. Mr. Bernardo currently sits on the Board of Directors of Globe Telecom, Bank of the Philippine Islands, East Asia Power Resources, Inc., National Re-Insurance
Corporation, RFM Corporation, PHINMA, Ayala Life Assurance, Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) Inc., and is Chairman of Ayala Life Fixed Income Fund (ALFM) Peso Dollar and Euro Bond Funds and the Philippine Stock Index Fund.
Mr. Bernardo was an alternate director of the Asian Development Bank from 1997 to 1998 and Finance Undersecretary for International Finance, Privatization & Treasury Operations of the Department of Finance of the Republic of the
Philippines from 1990 to 1996. Mr. Bernardo received a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Economics from the University of the Philippines and a Masters in Development Economics degree from Williams College.
Francisco H. Suarez, Jr.
Mr. Suarez is our Chief Finance Officer and Treasurer effective January 16, 2007. Previously,
Mr. Suarez was the Chief Finance Officer of SPI Technologies, Inc. Mr. Suarez was also
63
formerly the Director for Corporate Finance at Asian Alliance Investment Corp., an investment bank. He was also formerly an Assistant Vice President of the
Merchant Banking Division at the Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company and First Vice President for Corporate Finance of First Metro Investment Corporation. Mr. Suarez graduated from De La Salle University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in
Applied Economics.
Helen G. Tiu
Ms. Tiu is the Corporate Secretary of PSi Technologies Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries of
Aboitiz Transport System (ATSC) Corporation and of several other Philippine companies. She is a Managing Director of Lazaro Bernardo Tiu & Associates, Inc., a consultancy firm, and practices law at H.G. Tiu Law Offices. Ms. Tiu was a
partner at SGV & Co from 1994 to 1996, Head Executive Assistant at the Office of the Secretary, Department of Energy in the Philippines from 1993 to 1994, and a director of Petron Corporation from 1993 to 1994 and of Goodyear Corporation in
1994. She is a certified public accountant and a member of the Philippine Bar. She received a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration and Accountancy (cum laude), a Bachelor of Laws from the University of the Philippines and a Master of Laws
degree from Harvard University.
Additional Executive Officers of PSi Technologies, Inc.
The following sets out biographical information for additional executive officers of our principal operating subsidiary, PSi Technologies.
Thomas Moersheim
Mr. Moersheim is our Chief Technology Officer. He joined us in April 2007. Mr. Moersheim has over 22 years of work
experience with NXP Semiconductors (formerly Philips Semiconductors), holding various executive positions in Innovation, Customer Support and Quality and Reliability. Prior to joining us, Mr. Moersheim was the Director for Subcontract
Management Philippines of NXP Semiconductors, Industrial Strategy and Operation.
Gil Setijono Gilarsi
Mr. Gilarsi is our Vice
President for Business Development and Business Excellence. He joined us in April 2005. Mr. Gilarsi has 20 years experience in many different areas of operations and general management. Prior to joining PSi, he was the Deputy General Manager of
Philips Plant in Surabaya, Indonesiaone of the largest and the most complex lighting plants worldwide. His last role with Philips was Business Excellence Director of Philips Lighting Electronics ASIA PACIFIC. Mr. Gilarsi received a
Bachelor of Science degree in chemical engineering from Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Indonesia.
Hernanie S.
Torres
Mr. Torres is our Managing Director for Taguig Operations. He joined us in March 2005 as Manufacturing Director and was appointed to his present position in September 2005. Mr. Torres has over 17 years of experience in the
semiconductor industry. Prior to joining the company, he was the Operations Director of International Rectifier, External Assembly Operations and also worked with several other companies, including Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Malaysia, Amkor
Technology Philippines, Inc. and Integrated Microelectronics, Inc. Mr. Torres received his Bachelor of Science degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Mapua Institute of Technology in Manila and earned MBA units from De La
Salle University in Manila.
Hilario Romil A. Acosta Jr
.Mr. Acosta is our Director for Supply Chain. He joined us in March
2006. Mr. Acosta has 15 years of experience in different areas of supply chain management. Before joining PSi, he was the head for Strategic Procurement and Traffic of Globe Telecoms, Inc. He also worked in various areas in Supply Chain for
companies such as Bayan Trade, Caltex Phils., Zuellig Pharma Corp., Dutch Boy Phils.,Inc. and Coca-Cola Bottlers Phils. Mr. Acosta is certified as a Certified Purchasing Manager (CPM) by the Institute for Supply Management (ISM) in the U.S. He
holds a Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering from Far Eastern University and an MBA from De la Salle University in Manila.
Fernando
SilvaMr. Silva is the new Managing Director of PSi Technologies Laguna, Inc. He joined us on November 27, 2006. Mr. Silva worked for over 15 years with Integrated Microelectronics, Inc. in variety of roles, including
Manufacturing Supervisor, Division Manager, and Business Unit Group Head.
64
Except as otherwise noted, there is no relationship between any of our directors or executive officers
and any other director or executive officer.
We have entered into a non-competition agreement with our Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer, Arthur J. Young, Jr., which provides, among other things, that if Mr. Young is no longer employed with us, he will not render services related to packaging and testing of power semiconductors to other companies for one or two years
from the date of his departure, depending on the circumstances of his departure.
See Item 7Major Shareholders and Related
Party TransactionsShareholders Agreement and Registration Rights Agreement regarding the right of certain of our shareholders to appoint members of our board of directors.
B. Compensation
We paid an aggregate amount of
$43,162 to members of our board of directors as reimbursement for costs and expenses incurred in connection with attending meetings of the board of directors and its committees in 2006.
We paid an aggregate amount of $475,896 in compensation to our top 11 officers in 2006. We provide daily transportation to and from work to these
executives and housing for the Managing Director of our Laguna facility. We gave $369,209 in bonuses to our executive officers and directors in 2006.
In July 2005, we hired a Chief Operating Officer and are committed in the future to pay such COO a minimum of $300,000 in the form of bonuses and 500,000 options.
On February 2, 2004, we issued 121,000 options to purchase shares of our common stock to 24 of our executives and officers at an exercise price of
$3.25 per share. We are likewise committed to issue an additional 500,000 shares to our Chief Operating Officer subject to certain terms. The vesting period and term of those options are consistent with the terms of our stock option plan as
described in Item 6Share OwnershipPSi Stock Option Plan. There was no outstanding loans to key executives as of December 31, 2005 and 2006. Non-executive directors receive per diem compensation for their attendance at
each board meeting. Directors are reimbursed for reasonable expenses incurred for attendance of meetings of the board and its committees. Directors may also receive additional compensation for serving on board committees and/or performing additional
or special duties at the request of the Board.
We have a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan covering substantially all of our
regular employees in the Philippines. Retirement costs are based on amounts computed by an independent actuary. In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 158, which requires the recognition
of the funded status of a defined benefit pension plan (other than a multi-employer plan) as an asset or liability in the statement of financial position and the recognition of changes in the funded status through comprehensive income in the year in
which such changes occur. We adopted the recognition provisions of SFAS No. 158 and initially applied those to the funded status of the defined benefit pension plans as of December 31, 2006. We measure the pension benefit liabilities using
the Projected Unit Credit Actuarial Cost Method in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 158. The initial recognition of the funded status of our defined benefit pension plans resulted in a decrease in stockholders equity of $1.5
million, which was net of a deferred tax benefit of $83,027.
SFAS No. 158 also requires that the funded status of a plan be measured
as of the date of the year-end statement of financial position. We currently measure the funded status as of the balance sheet date. Accordingly, the adoption of the measurement provisions of SFAS No. 158 will have no impact on our financial
statements (see Note 18 of the consolidated financial statements for further discussion). As of December 31, 2006, the fair value of the retirement plan assets amounted to $46,898.
We expect to make cash contributions amounting to $50,000 to our pension plan in 2007.
65
As of December 31, 2006, we have an unrecognized transition obligation and unrecognized actuarial
loss amounting to $2,845 and $2,052,391, respectively. The amortization of actuarial loss for each of the seven (average expected future service years of plan members) succeeding years amounts to $247,412.
C. Board Practices
The following table sets forth
the term of office for the members of our board of directors as of July 13, 2007.
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|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Commencement of First Term
|
|
Expiration of
Current Term
1
|
Arthur J. Young, Jr.
|
|
December 1999
|
|
June 30, 2007
|
Mandakini Puri
|
|
October 2001
|
|
June 30, 2007
|
Brian A. Renaud
|
|
December 1999
|
|
June 30, 2007
|
Gordon J. Stevenson
|
|
September 2005
|
|
June 30, 2007
|
Patchara Samalapa
|
|
April 2004
|
|
June 30, 2007
|
Roberto F. de Ocampo
|
|
March 2000
|
|
June 30, 2007
|
Romeo L. Bernardo
|
|
February 2000
|
|
June 30, 2007
|
1
|
The term of office of our board members will expire at the next annual
stockholders meeting. Our by-laws provide that the annual stockholders meeting shall take place on any day in June. Pursuant to the holdover provisions of the Philippine Corporation Code, if the annual stockholders meeting as
provided in the by laws is postponed, the term of office of our board members is automatically extended to the date on which the next annual stockholders meeting actually takes place.
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We do not have directors service contracts or other agreements that provide for benefits on termination of employment.
Committees of Our Board of Directors
Our board of
directors has an audit committee, a budget committee and a compensation committee.
The audit committee is currently comprised of two
independent directors. As of May 31, 2007, Messrs. de Ocampo and Bernardo served on the audit committee, with Mr. de Ocampo as Chairman. A vacancy on the audit committee was created following the resignation of Mr. Ramon del Rosario,
Jr. on February 14, 2007. The board of directors had determined that Mr. del Rosario qualified as an audit committee financial expert, and Mr. del Rosario has yet to be replaced on the audit committee. We are actively engaged in
recruiting a financial expert to fill the current vacancy on the audit committee.
In response to the corporate governance reforms dictated
by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, our Board of Directors adopted the current audit committee charter on April 23, 2003. The audit committee charter sets forth the enhanced responsibilities of the audit committee relating to oversight of
(1) the integrity of our financial statements, (2) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (3) the qualifications and independence of our independent auditors, and (4) the performance of our internal audit
function.
The audit committee charter reflects the audit committees responsibilities in terms of, among other things,
(1) pre-approval of audit and non-audit services provided by the independent accountant, (2) pre-approval of related party transactions, (3) establishing procedures relating to the anonymous submission of concerns regarding
questionable accounting or auditing matters and internal controls, and (4) direct responsibility for the hiring, retention, evaluation, and termination of our independent accountant. The new audit committee charter also provides the audit
committee with the authority and sufficient funding to retain independent counsel or any other advisors that it determines to be necessary to carry out its duties.
66
On November 6, 2006 the Business Control Department reporting to the audit committee was created to
provide annually an assessment on the adequacy and effectiveness of our processes for controlling activities and managing risks, report significant issues related to the processes for controlling our activities, to provide information periodically
on the status and results of the annual audit plan and coordinate and provide insight of other control and monitoring functions.
The
budget committee is responsible for (1) reviewing and recommending to the board of directors for approval of PSis operating budget, (2) comparing the budget to actual performance, (3) reviewing past capital expenditure decisions
relative to expected versus actual performance, and (4) approving specific capital expenditures projects and requests. As of December 31, 2005, the members of the budget committee are Messrs. Brian Renaud and Patchara Samalapa.
The compensation committee is responsible for establishing remuneration levels for some of our officers and performs certain functions under our
employee benefit programs. As of May 31, 2007, the members of the compensation committee are Mr. Arthur J. Young, Jr. and Mr. Brian Renaud.
Nasdaq Requirements
In general, corporate governance principles for Philippine companies are set forth in the Corporation
Code of the Philippines. Corporate governance principles under provisions of Philippine law may differ in significant ways from corporate governance standards for U.S. Nasdaq-listed companies. Under the latest amendment to the NASD Marketplace Rule
4350(a)(1), foreign private issuers are permitted to follow certain home country corporate governance practices in lieu of the requirements of Rule 4350. Pursuant to the amendment, foreign private issuers must disclose alternative home country
practices they follow.
Under Philippine law, we are not required to solicit shareholder approval of the issuance of our stock in
connection with related party acquisitions in which we may issue 20% or more of our outstanding shares or below market issuances of 20% or more of our outstanding shares to any person. In accordance with Rule 4350(a)(1), our Philippine counsel has
issued a written statement to Nasdaq certifying that our corporate governance practices are not prohibited by, and are consistent with, Philippine law and practice.
D. Employees
We actively recruit to attract the highest quality personnel in our region. Our
employees are not covered by any collective bargaining arrangements. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good. The following table sets forth the total number of employees, as of December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Headcount
|
|
2004
|
|
2005
|
|
2006
|
Operations
|
|
2,243
|
|
2,169
|
|
1,796
|
Engineering
|
|
524
|
|
522
|
|
470
|
Quality
|
|
434
|
|
403
|
|
321
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Sales/ Marketing/ Customer Service
|
|
20
|
|
17
|
|
11
|
General, Administrative/ Executive and Non-Operations
|
|
354
|
|
309
|
|
242
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL
|
|
3,575
|
|
3,420
|
|
2,840
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The total number of employees decreased by 580 from 3,420 in 2005 to 2,840 in 2006 due to the
closure of PSi Chengdu in 2005.
67
E. Share Ownership
The following table sets forth the number of shares and options owned by our directors, officers and members of management. Our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Arthur J. Young, Jr. owns,
directly and indirectly, 164,907 shares or 1.24% of our shares. The following directors and officers also own shares of the Company or options on such shares as of December 31, 2006:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Name
|
|
Number of
Common
Shares
Owned
|
|
Percentage
of Total
Outstanding
Common
Shares
|
|
|
Number of
Common
Shares
Underlying
Stock Options
|
|
Exercise
Price
|
|
Expiration
Date (2)
|
Arthur J. Young Jr. (1)
|
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164,907
|
|
1.24
|
%
|
|
457,600
40,000
|
|
$
$
|
13.30
3.25
|
|
|
Brian Renaud (1)
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mandakini Puri (1)
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patchara Samalapa (1)
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Romeo L. Bernardo
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Roberto F. de Ocampo
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gordon Stevenson
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
500,000
|
|
$
|
3.00
|
|
|
Thelma G. Oribello
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25,000
5,000
|
|
$
$
|
13.30
3.25
|
|
|
Chato C. Montemayor
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,000
|
|
$
|
3.25
|
|
|
(1)
|
These individuals are employees or nominees of Merrill Lynch, our controlling shareholder. See Item 7Major Shareholder and Related Party Transactions regarding
Merrill Lynchs share ownership.
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(2)
|
Pursuant to our stock option plan, options expire no later than three years after they vest and have a maximum term of ten years.
|
PSi Stock Option Plan
Pursuant to our stock
option plan, options may be granted to certain of our directors, officers and employees for the purchase of up to an aggregate of 741,162 common shares. On June 2, 2005, we increased the total number of options that may be distributed under the
plan to 1,241,162 options pursuant to a board resolution adopted in connection with the hiring of the new Chief Operating Officer. As of December 31, 2006, there were 971,513 options outstanding, a decrease of 16,000 options from 987,513
options outstanding as of the end of December 31, 2005 due to forfeitures.
In general, our stock option plan requires that options
vest not more than ten years from the date of grant and that options expire not more than three years after the vesting date. The plan is administered by the compensation committee of our board of directors which determines the number of common
shares subject to each option granted and the related purchase price and option period. Upon the voluntary termination of employment by an option holder or termination of an option holder for cause, any options granted under our stock option plan to
the option holder (whether or not vested) will terminate, unless otherwise authorized by the compensation committee. If termination was due to retirement, disability or involuntary separation other than for cause, the option holder or his successors
have the remainder of the applicable term to exercise the option holders vested options. If termination was due to death, vested options may be exercised for the remainder of their term. Options granted are non-transferable except by will or
as otherwise authorized by the compensation committee.
Upon the occurrence of any change in our capital structure, including any merger,
liquidation, reorganization or recapitalization, or any other event affecting our shares, our compensation committee may
68
make adjustments to our stock option plan and any outstanding grants, as it may deem necessary or appropriate. Unless terminated earlier by our board, our
stock option plan will terminate on February 4, 2010, the 10-year anniversary of the approval of the stock option plan by our board and shareholders.
We recognized share compensation expense for options granted to employees under our stock option plan. Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123(R) which revises SFAS No. 123 and supersedes APB
No. 25. SFAS No. 123(R) requires that all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employees stock options, be measured at fair value and expensed over the service period (vesting period). Upon adoption, we transitioned to
SFAS No. 123(R) using the modified prospective method, whereby compensation cost under SFAS No. 123(R) is recognized beginning January 1, 2006 and thereafter, with prior periods stock-based compensation for option still
determined pursuant to APB No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees with pro forma disclosure provided as if SFAS No. 123 had been applied. Prior to adoption of SFAS 123(R), the Company applied the intrinsic value
method under the provisions of APB Opinion No. 25 and related interpretations in accounting for its stock option plans. See Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements. We recognized a compensation cost of $159,013 in 2006 which was
included under the Administrative expense account in the 2006 consolidated statement of operations. The compensation cost to be recognized in 2007 and 2008 amounts to $15,852 and $7,045, respectively.
ITEM 7 MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
A. Major Shareholders
The following table describes as of May 31, 2007, information regarding those shareholders of our company that we have ascertained from recent
public filings beneficially own 5.0% or more of either class of our capital stock. As of May 31, 2007, we had 13,289,525 issued and outstanding common shares. None of our major shareholders have different voting rights.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Holders
|
|
Number of
Common
Shares
Beneficially
Owned
|
|
Percentage
Beneficially
Owned
|
|
Merrill Lynch Global Emerging Markets Partners, L.P. (1)
|
|
7,141,624
|
|
53.7
|
%
|
Greathill Pte., Ltd. (2)
|
|
1,955,741
|
|
14.7
|
%
|
Austin W. Marxe and David M. Greenhouse (3)
|
|
1,375,167
|
|
10.3
|
%
|
(1)
|
Merrill Lynch Global Emerging Markets Partners, L.P. is a private investment fund.
|
(2)
|
Greathill Pte. Ltd. was a wholly owned subsidiary of NJI No. 2 Investment Fund, a private investment fund in members voluntary liquidation. However, on February 27,
2007, NJI and Primasia and Bridge No. 1 Greater China Secondary Fund L.P. (Primasia) entered into a Sales and Purchase Agreement under which NJI transferred its entire shareholdings of 7,630,001 ordinary shares of Greathill to
Primasia effective March 1, 2007. Primasia is managed by the Primasia Private Equity Management, Ltd.
|
(3)
|
Austin W. Marxe and David M. Greenhouse are the controlling principals of AWM Investment Company, Inc. (AWM). AWM serves as the general partner of MGP Advisers Limited
Partnership (MGP), the general partner of and investment adviser to Special Situations Cayman Fund L.P. (Cayman), Special Situations Fund III, L.P. (SSF3) and Special Situations Fund III QP, L.P.
(SSFQP). Cayman owns 345,466 of the Companys ADS, while SSF3 owns 90,582 of the Companys ADS, and SSFQP owns 939,119 of the Companys ADS. Based on February 14, 2007 SEC Form 13G/A Filing.
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On May 2001, Merrill Lynch increased its ownership in the Company by acquiring 4,580,910 shares from RFM Corporation, representing approximately 34%
of our then outstanding common stock. Merrill Lynch currently owns 7,141,624 shares representing an ownership of 53.7%. Pursuant to the terms of the exchangeable senior subordinated note issued to Merrill Lynch LLC in July 2003, Merrill Lynchs
and its affiliates ( together,
69
the ML Group) equity stake in the Company, on an as exchanged basis, would increase to 63.3% or by an additional 3,478,261 shares. The issuance of the
exchangeable senior subordinated note to Merrill Lynch LLC in June 2005 at a net consideration price less than the current market price as defined in the Exchange Agreement dated July 3, 2003, will, upon issuance, result in an additional
291,482 shares issuable to Merrill Lynch under the 2003 Note, increasing the ML Group s equity stake in the Company, on an as exchanged basis, to 64.0%. Pursuant to the terms of the 2005 Note, Merrill Lynchs equity stake in the Company,
on an as exchanged basis at a Note Exercise Price of $1.00 per share, would increase to 74.4% or by an additional 7,000,000 shares. The number of shares into which the 2005 Note is exchangeable is subject to further change under the following
conditions as provided in the Exchange Agreement:
1. if our EBITDA for the three-month period ending December 31, 2005
is less than $5.5 million, then the Note Exercise Price shall be reduced to $0.90 per share. ML Groups stake in the Company, on an as exchanged basis would increase to 75.2% or by an additional 7,777,778 shares; and
2. if our EBITDA for the three-month period ending March 31, 2006 is less than
$6.7 million, then the Note Exercise Price shall be reduced to (A) $0.80 per share, if the Note Exercise Price was reduced pursuant to clause (1) above and, (B) $0.90 per share, if the Note Exercise Price was not reduced pursuant to
clause (1) above. If the Note Exercise Price were reduced to $0.80 per share, ML Groups stake in the Company, on an as exchanged basis would increase to 76.2% or by an additional 8,750,000 shares.
Our EBITDA for the three-month period ended December 31, 2005 was less than $5.5 million and for the three-month period ended March 31, 2006
was less than $6.7 million. As of December 31, 2005, the Exchangeable Note exercise price was reduced to $0.80 per share.
EBITDA as
defined in the Exchange Agreement, refers to earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, gain/loss realized in connection with the sale of any assets or disposition of any securities, other than those included in
cash flow from operations, extraordinary or non-recurring gain/loss and non-cash extraordinary gain/loss.
We are required to pay interest
on the unpaid principal amount of the Notes at 10% per annum payable semi-annually Under certain circumstances, we may elect to pay all or a portion of such interest by adding it to the principal amount of the Notes. All accrued interest on the
2005 Exchangeable Note in 2006 amounting to $0.8 million was added to the principal amount of the Exchangeable Note.
Except as provided
for in the Shareholders Agreement and Merrill Lynch LLCs Exchangeable Senior Subordinated Note, the Companys major shareholders do not have different voting rights than the Companys other shareholders. See Item
7Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsRelated Party Transactions for a discussion of the terms of the Shareholders Agreement and Merrill Lynch LLCs Exchangeable Senior Subordinated Note.
The Companys eight Filipino shareholders own a total of 2,255 shares of the Company. Foreign nationals own the balance of 13,287,270 shares.
The Company is controlled by Merrill Lynch Global Emerging Markets Partners, L.P (Merrill Lynch). Merrill Lynch owns approximately 53.7%
(subject to increase as discussed herein), as of December 31, 2006, of the common shares and controls the same percentage of the voting power of the Company.
We are not aware of any arrangement that may at a subsequent date result in a change of control of us.
70
B. Related Party Transactions
Shareholders Agreement and Registration Rights Agreement
Shareholders Agreement.
On May 29, 2001,
we, our principal operating subsidiary, PSi Technologies, Inc., Merrill Lynch, JAFCO Investment (Asia Pacific) Ltd. (which we call JAFCO), acting as Investment Manager of NJI No. 2 Investment Fund, and Arthur Young, Jr. entered into a
Shareholders Agreement relating to their ownership, transfer and voting of our common shares. Under the Shareholders Agreement, all common shares owned by Merrill Lynch, JAFCO and Arthur Young, Jr. are subject to resale restrictions.
Under certain circumstances, each of Merrill Lynch and JAFCO has a right of first refusal to purchase (except in the case of permitted transfers such as transfers to an affiliate), and a tag-along right to sell, when JAFCO or Merrill Lynch, as the
case may be, elects to transfer its shares. On July 18, 2005, NJI No. 2 Investment Fund (in members voluntary liquidation) transferred to its wholly owned subsidiary, Greathill Pte. Ltd. (Greathill), a Singaporean company, all of its
1,955,741 shares of the company. Furthermore, on December 28, 2005, JAFCO, acting as investment manager of NJI No. 2 Investment Fund (in members voluntary liquidation) and Greathill signed a Deed of Adherence and Assumption
(Deed of Adherence and Assumption) under which JAFCO acting as investment manager of NJI No. 2 Investment Fund (in members voluntary liquidation) assigned to Greathill, and Greathill accepted and assumed, all of JAFCOs
rights, benefits and interest as well as burdens, obligations and liabilities under the Shareholders Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. The provision of the Deed of Adherence and Assumption were concurred in by us and by Merrill
Lynch on March 14, 2006. On February 27, 2007, NJI and Primasia and Bridge No. 1 Greater China Secondary Fund L.P. (Primasia) entered into a Sale and Purchase Agreement under which NJI transferred its entire shareholdings
or 7,630,001 ordinary shares of Greathill to Primasia effective March 1, 2007. Primasia is managed by Primasia Private Equity Management, Ltd.
As a result of its shareholdings, and in accordance with the Shareholders Agreement, Merrill Lynch may appoint and remove a majority of our board of directors and the board of directors of our principal operating subsidiary, PSi
Technologies, Inc. Our board consists of nine directors. Under the Shareholders Agreement as amended by the Deed of Adherence and Assumption, Merrill Lynch and Greathill have agreed, subject to certain conditions, that they will vote to ensure
that our board of directors will be comprised of:
|
|
|
five directors nominated by Merrill Lynch, if requested (currently Ms. Puri, Mr. Renaud, and Mr. Samalapa serve as the Merrill Lynch nominees);
|
|
|
|
one director nominated by Greathill, if requested (currently Greathill has no nominees serving on the board of directors); and
|
|
|
|
three independent directors as defined under the Nasdaq Rules.
|
We and our subsidiaries have agreed to indemnify and hold harmless each member of our board of directors and each member of our subsidiaries board of directors to the fullest extent permitted under applicable
law.
As a result of their shareholdings and related rights to representation on our board, Merrill Lynch and JAFCOs
successor-in-interest, Greathill may prevent us from taking certain actions as set forth in the shareholders agreement. See Item 10Additional InformationArticles of Incorporation and By-lawsMatters Requiring Shareholder
Approval. As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 20-F/A, purchasers of our ADSs owned in the aggregate 30. 3% of our share capital. You may not be in a position to exercise any significant control or influence over the business and
affairs of our company or any of our subsidiaries. In addition, without the consent of Merrill Lynch and Greathill, acting through directors nominated by them or through their vote as shareholders, no amendments to any of our organizational
documents or those of our subsidiaries may be made nor may we sell all or part of our shares or material assets or those of our subsidiaries.
The Shareholders Agreement also prohibits us from taking any action that would cause taxable gain to be recognized by any partner of Merrill Lynch under Section 367 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the
Code, or under a gain recognition agreement filed by a partner of Merrill Lynch pursuant to U.S. Treasury Regulation Section 1.367(a)-8.
71
Registration Rights Agreement
. We, Merrill Lynch and Greathill are parties to the Registration
Rights Agreement dated May 29, 2001 as amended by the Deed of Adherence and Assumption, that grants Merrill Lynch and Greathill certain registration rights. Each of Merrill Lynch and Greathill has an option to cause us to effect up to three
registrations of the shares owned by it, its affiliates and transferees. If one party exercises its registration rights, the other parties having registration rights may elect to include their shares in the registered offering. The registration
rights agreement also provides that if we register any equity securities for a primary or secondary offering, we must permit each of Merrill Lynch and Greathill, and anyone to whom they have transferred shares in a private placement, to include
their shares in the offering.
On June 14, 2004, JAFCO Investment (Asia Pacific), Ltd., acting as investment manager for NJI
No. 2 Investment Fund, or NJI, requested that we file a registration statement covering the 1,955,741 shares held by NJI pursuant to NJIs rights under the Registration Rights Agreement described in Item 7Major
Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsRelated Party Transactions. The registration request was not ultimately pursued by JAFCO.
On March 23, 2007, Primasia Private Equity Management Ltd on behalf of Greathill requested that Greathill s 1,955,741 shares in us converted into American Depositary Receipts. The application process is expected to commence
subsequent to the filing of this Form 20-F/A with the SEC.
Additional Undertakings.
We have agreed to comply with other covenants
set forth in the shareholders agreement and the registration rights agreement as the same have been amended by the Deed of Adherence and Assumption. Among other things, we have agreed to indemnify, hold harmless against and pay on behalf of or
reimburse any losses which Merrill Lynch or Greathill may suffer or become subject to as a result of breaches by us of the agreements, misrepresentations by us, or causes of action arising out of or in connection with our operations.
The Merrill Lynch Exchangeable Notes
We issued to
Merrill Lynch LLC, an affiliate of Merrill Lynch, exchangeable senior subordinated notes in July 2003 and June 2005, respectively.
July 2003 Note
In 2003, management approached our majority shareholder, Merrill Lynch about a possible capital
infusion. On June 25, 2003, our shareholders approved the transaction at a special meeting of our shareholders. The audit committee of our board of directors, comprised of three non-management, independent directors not affiliated with Merrill
Lynch, negotiated and approved the terms of the note. On July 3, 2003, we issued to a Merrill Lynch affiliate a $4 million exchangeable senior subordinated note.
The proceeds of the note were used to pay liabilities related to certain capital expenditures which became due in 2003. The note was issued by PSi Technologies, Inc., our principal operating subsidiary, and matures on
June 1, 2008. The note accrues interest at a rate of 10% per annum, net of Philippine withholding tax, payable semi-annually in arrears. Interest on the note is payable in cash or, under certain circumstances, in our common shares.
We are not permitted to prepay the note in whole or in part. Merrill Lynch LLC may exchange the note at any time for our common shares at
a price of $1.15 per share, for up to 3,478,261 of our common shares. The initial exchange price was $1.47 per share, which was reduced due to the fact that we did not meet certain performance targets for the third and fourth quarters of 2003 as
provided for in the note. If at any time after July 3, 2006, our publicly-traded ADSs (i) trade at an average closing price of at least $3.00 per ADS for a 30-consecutive trading day period and (ii) the daily average trading volume of
the ADSs for such period is equal to at least 33.33% of the number of shares into which the note is exchangeable, then we may notify Merrill Lynch LLC that we desire to redeem the note.
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The note is unsecured and subordinated in right of payment to our senior credit facility and any other
permitted indebtedness which, pursuant to its terms, is senior in right of payment to the note.
Pursuant to the terms of the note and the
issuance of the 2005 Note at a net consideration price less than the current market price, Merrill Lynchs equity stake in the Company, on an as exchanged basis, increased from approximately 53.7% to 64.0%, or an ownership of 10,911,367 shares
out of fully diluted shares, on an exchanged basis, of 17,059,268 shares. If interest on the exchangeable note is paid in the form of common shares, Merrill Lynchs equity stake in us could further increase.
We are required to pay interest on the unpaid principal amount of the Notes at 10% per annum payable semi-annually. Under certain circumstances, we
may elect to pay all or a portion of such interest by adding it to the principal amount of the Notes. All accrued interest on the 2003 Exchangeable Note in 2006 amounting to $0.4 million was added to the principal amount of the Exchangeable Note.
Under the term of the note, we may not take certain actions without the prior written consent of Merrill Lynch LLC, including but not
limited to:
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enter into a merger or business combination with any other person or entity, including any joint venture arrangements;
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enter into any transaction with any affiliate other than Merrill Lynch or its affiliates, except upon fair and reasonable terms;
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sell or dispose of any of our or our subsidiaries material assets worth more than 5% of our book value;
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declare or pay any dividend or make any distribution on or with respect to any of our capital stock;
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purchase, redeem, or otherwise acquire any shares of our or our subsidiaries capital stock;
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make any voluntary or optional principal payment, or voluntary or optional redemption, repurchase or retirement, of certain of our indebtedness;
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make certain investments;
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create, incur or assume certain indebtedness.
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We have also agreed to comply with other covenants set forth in the note and the related exchange and purchase agreements. Among other things, we have agreed to indemnify Merrill Lynch LLC and its related parties for
losses caused by any breach of the representations and warranties provided by us, and to deliver to Merrill Lynch LLC certain financial statements, reports and notices and any other such information reasonably requested by Merrill Lynch.
June 2005 Note
In light of
our need for cash resources, management approached our majority shareholder, Merrill Lynch, about a possible capital infusion. The Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, comprised of three non-management, independent directors not affiliated
with Merrill Lynch, negotiated and approved the terms of the note. On June 2, 2005, our Board of Directors approved the transaction, and we issued to a Merrill Lynch LLC, affiliate a $7.0 million exchangeable senior subordinated note. No
stockholder approval was secured for the June 2005 Note, consistent with Philippine Law and NASD Marketplace Rule 4350(a)(1), where Foreign Private Issuers are permitted to follow certain home country corporate governance practices in lieu of
the requirements of Rule 4350.
The proceeds of the note was used for the repayment of due and outstanding suppliers credits and
capital expenditures payables, which cannot be paid out of current cash flows or from available lines of credit, and to
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partially finance capital expenditures of ours and our subsidiaries and affiliates. The note was issued by PSi Technologies, Inc., our principal operating
subsidiary, and matures on June 1, 2009. The note accrues interest at a rate of 10% per annum, net of Philippine withholding tax, payable semi-annually in arrears. Interest on the note is payable in cash or, under certain circumstances, in
our common shares.
We are not permitted to prepay the note in whole or in part. Merrill Lynch LLC may exchange the note at any time for
our common shares at a price of $1.00 per share, for up to 7,000,000 of our common shares. The number of shares for which the Note is exchangeable and consequently ML Groups equity stake in the Company, is subject to further change under the
following conditions as provided in the Exchange Agreement:
1. if our EBITDA for the three-month period ending
December 31, 2005 is less than $5.5 million, then the Note Exercise Price shall be reduced to $0.90 per share. ML Groups stake in us, on an as exchanged basis would increase to 75.2% or by an additional 7,777,778 shares above the
17,059,268 shares on a fully diluted basis assuming the exchange of note to shares pursuant to the terms of the July 2003 note; and
2. if our EBITDA for the three-month period ending March 31, 2006 is less than $6.7 million, then the Note Exercise Price shall be reduced to (A) $0.80 per share, if the Note Exercise Price was reduced pursuant to clause
(1) above and, (B) $0.90 per share, if the Note Exercise Price was not reduced pursuant to clause (1) above. If the Note Exercise Price were reduced to $0.80 per share, ML Groups stake in us, on an as exchanged basis would
increase to 76.2% or by an additional 8,750,000 shares above the 17,059,268 shares on a fully diluted basis assuming the exchange of note to shares pursuant to the terms of the July 2003 note.
Our EBITDA for the three-month period ended December 31, 2005 was less than $5.5 million and for the three month ended March 31, 2006 was less than $6.7
million. As of December 31, 2005, the Exchangeable Note exercise price was reduced to $0.80 per share.
If interest on the
exchangeable note is paid in the form of common shares, ML Groups equity stake in us could further increase. We are required to pay interest on the unpaid principal amount of the Notes at 10% per annum payable semi-annually. Under certain
circumstances, we may elect to pay all or a portion of such interest by adding it to the principal amount of the Notes. All accrued interest on the 2005 Exchangeable Note in 2006 amounting to $0.8 million was added to the principal amount of the
Exchangeable Note.
If at any time after June 2, 2008, (i) our publicly-traded ADSs trade at an average closing price of at least
$2.00 per ADS for a 30-consecutive trading day period and (ii) the daily average trading volume of the ADSs for such period is equal to at least 33.33% of the number of shares into which the note is exchangeable, then we may notify Merrill
Lynch LLC that we desire to redeem the note.
The note is unsecured and subordinated in right of payment to all of our obligations
comprising senior credit facility, amounts of the then outstanding indebtedness to Raiffeisen Zentralbank Osterreich AG (RZB-Austria) through a Revolving Facility Agreement dated September 24, 2002, KBC Bank N.V.Philippine Branch through
a Short-term Advances Credit Facility dated September 30, 2004 and LC/TR Credit Facility dated October 30, 2002, Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company through an Import LC/TR Credit Facility, Bank of Commerce through an Import LC/TR Credit
Facility dated April 16, 2003 and any other permitted indebtedness the terms of which expressly provide it is senior in right of payment to the note.
Under the term of the note, we may not take certain actions without the prior written consent of Merrill Lynch LLC, including but not limited to:
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enter into a merger or business combination with any other person or entity, including any joint venture arrangements;
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enter into any transaction with any affiliate other than Merrill Lynch or its affiliates, except upon fair and reasonable terms;
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sell or dispose of any of our or our subsidiaries material assets worth more than 5% of our book value;
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declare or pay any dividend or make any distribution on or with respect to any of our capital stock;
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purchase, redeem, or otherwise acquire any shares of our or our subsidiaries capital stock;
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make any voluntary or optional principal payment, or voluntary or optional redemption, repurchase or retirement, of certain of our indebtedness;
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make certain investments;
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create, incur or assume certain indebtedness.
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We have also agreed to comply with other covenants set forth in the note and the related exchange and purchase agreements. Among other things, we have agreed to indemnify Merrill Lynch LLC and its related parties for
losses caused by any breach of the representations and warranties provided by us, and to deliver to Merrill Lynch LLC certain financial statements, reports and notices and any other such information reasonably requested by Merrill Lynch LLC.
C. Interests of Experts and Counsel
Not applicable.
ITEM 8 FINANCIAL INFORMATION
A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
See Item 18Financial Statements and the financial statements referred to therein.
Legal Proceedings
1. IPO Litigation
In September 2001, two substantially identical class action complaints alleging violations of the federal securities laws were filed in the United States
District Court for the Southern District of New York (the District Court) naming as defendants, in the aggregate, PSi Technologies Holdings, Inc. (the Company), certain of its current or former officers and directors, and
certain underwriters of its Initial Public Offering (IPO). Similar complaints have been filed against over 300 other issuers that issued IPOs between 1998 and 2000. All such actions were consolidated into a single coordinated proceeding
(the IPO Allocation Litigations). A consolidated amended complaint was filed on April 19, 2002. The amended complaint alleges, among other things, that the underwriters of our IPO violated the securities laws by failing to disclose
certain alleged compensation arrangements (such as undisclosed commissions or stock stabilization practices) in the offerings registration statement and engaged in manipulative practices to artificially inflate the price of the Companys
stock in the IPOs after market. The Company, together with certain of its officers and directors, and underwriters of the IPO, are named in the amended complaint pursuant to Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, and Section 10(b)
and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on the basis of an alleged failure to disclose the underwriters alleged compensation arrangements and manipulative practices. The complaint seeks unspecified damages. On July 1, 2002,
the underwriter defendants in the consolidated actions moved to dismiss all of the IPO Allocation Litigations, including the action involving the Company. On July 15, 2002, the Company, along with other issuer defendants in the coordinated
cases, also moved to dismiss the litigation. As a result of the judges decision on February 19, 2003 to grant, in part, the issuer defendants motion to dismiss, the Rule 10b-5 claims against the Company and its officers and
directors named as defendants were dismissed. The Section 11 claims remained.
In July 2003, a committee of the Companys Board
of Directors (the Committee) conditionally approved a proposed partial settlement with the plaintiffs in this matter. The settlement would provide, among other things, a
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release of the Company and of the individual defendants for the conduct alleged in the action. Under the partial settlement, the Company would undertake
other responsibilities, including agreeing to assign away, not assert, or release certain potential claims the Company may have against its underwriters. Any direct financial impact of the proposed settlement is for the account of the Companys
insurance carriers. The Committee agreed to approve the settlement subject to a number of conditions, including the participation of a substantial number of other issuer defendants in the proposed settlement, the consent of the Companys
insurers to the settlement, and the completion of acceptable final settlement documentation.
In June 2004, an agreement of settlement was
submitted to the court for preliminary approval. The court requested that any objections to preliminary approval of the settlement be submitted by July 14, 2004, and the underwriter defendants formally objected to the settlement. The plaintiffs
and issuer defendants separately filed replies to the underwriters defendants objections to the settlement on August 4, 2004. The court granted the preliminary approval motion on February 15, 2005, subject to certain
modifications.
On August 31, 2005, the District Court issued a preliminary order further approving the modifications to the
settlement and certifying the settlement classes. The District Court also appointed the Notice Administrator for the settlement and ordered that notice of the settlement be distributed to all settlement class members beginning on November 15,
2005. The settlement fairness hearing was held on April 24, 2006, and the court reserved decision. If the court determines that the settlement is fair to the class members, the settlement will be approved. There can be no assurance that this
proposed settlement would be approved and implemented in its current form, or at all.
On December 5, 2006, the United States Court of
Appeals for the Second Circuit (the Second Circuit) issued an opinion vacating the District Courts certification of a litigation class in that portion of the case between the Plaintiffs and the underwriters defendants.
Because the Second Circuits opinion was directed to the class certified by the District Court for the Plaintiffs litigation against the underwriter defendants, the opinions effect on the class certified by the District Court for
the Companys settlement is unclear. On January 5, 2007, Plaintiffs filed a petition for rehearing en banc by the Second Circuit. The proposed settlement is pending final approval by the District Court.
On April 6, 2007, the Second Circuit denied plaintiffs petition for a rehearing. In the light of the Second Circuit opinion, we have informed the
District Court that this settlement cannot be approved because the defined settlement class, like the litigation class, cannot be certified. We cannot predict whether we will be able to renegotiate a settlement that complies with the Second
Circuits mandate.
Due to inherent uncertainties of litigation and because the settlement approval process is at a preliminary stage,
we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter.
We have not made any accrual for litigation claims; however, we will
disclose the foregoing in our financial statements. It is the opinion of management that all of the foregoing matters are adequately covered by insurance, or if not covered, are without merit or are of such kind, or involve such amounts, that would
not have a material effect on our financial position.
2.
Manila Electric Company (Meralco) case
On November 19, 2003, we filed an injunction complaint against the Meralco to enjoin it from disconnecting its supply of electric service on account
of a billing discrepancy in the amount of Php 21.2 million reckoned from April 1, 1998 to July 12, 2002. The billing differential came about from a defective meter installation by Meralco. Claiming negligence on the part of Meralco,
the Company refused to pay the full amount and offered settlement of Php2 million. Meralco insisted on full payment, hence the filing of its complaint. The Company does not believe that the ultimate outcome of the proceedings will have a material
adverse effect on the Companys overall financial position and results of operations. As of July 13, 2007, the case is pending pre-trial after referral of the case to mediation proved fruitless Attorney Luigi Gana of Gana & Associates
handles the case.
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Dividend Policy
We have not paid dividends on our common shares for the past six years. We intend to retain any or all-future earnings for use in our business and we do not intend to pay dividends on our common shares. The
declaration of payment and amount of dividends, if any, on outstanding common shares will be subject to the discretion of our board of directors. The declaration of any stock dividend must also be approved by the vote of shareholders representing at
least two-thirds of our outstanding capital stock at a shareholders meeting called for that purpose. See Item 10Additional InformationArticles of Incorporation and By-lawsMatters Requiring Shareholder Approval. Cash
dividends, if any, will depend upon our future operations and earnings, set-off of accumulated losses, financial condition, cash requirements and availability and other factors as may be deemed relevant by our board of directors.
Holders of our common shares will be entitled to receive such dividends as determined by the board of directors according to the number of common shares
held. Dividends may be paid only out of our distributable profits. See Item 10Additional InformationArticles of Incorporation and By-lawsDividends. The retained earnings of our principal operating subsidiary, PSi
Technologies, Inc., are reflected as part of our retained earnings but may be declared as a dividend by us only when declared as a dividend by PSi Technologies, Inc. to us.
Holders of our ADSs will be entitled to receive dividends distributed to the depositary, subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, to the same
extent as holders of our common shares, less the fees and expenses payable under the deposit agreement, withholding tax and other governmental charges. Cash dividends will be paid to the depositary bank in Philippine pesos and will be converted by
the depositary bank into U.S. dollars and paid to holders of ADSs. Stock dividends, if any, will be distributed to the depositary and will be distributed by the depositary in the form of additional ADSs, to holders of ADSs.
ITEM 9 THE OFFER AND LISTING
A. Offer and Listing Details
The following table sets forth, for the period indicated, the high and low sale prices per ADS since trading on March 16, 2000, as furnished by The
Nasdaq National Market and the Nasdaq Capital Market, or Nasdaq. The initial public offering price of our ADSs was $16.00 per ADS.
Annual high and low market prices
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Year
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High (date)
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Low (date)
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2002
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$9.38 (on January 2)
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$0.89 (on October 7)
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2003
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$3.66 (on November 3)
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$0.97 (on April 22)
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2004
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$5.62 (on March 4)
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$1.55 (on November 8)
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2005
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$ 2.63 (on May 24)
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$0.46 (on December 27)
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2006
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$2.28 (on Sep 28)
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$0.46 (on October 12, 16 and 18)
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Quarterly high and low market prices
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Quarter
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High (date)
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Low (date)
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Q1 2005
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$2.07 (on January 3)
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$1.06 (on March 23)
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Q2 2005
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$2.63 (on May 24)
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$0.93 (on May 5 and 9)
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Q3 2005
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$1.40 (on August 2)
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$0.98 (on September 30)
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Q4 2005
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$1.28 (on October 11)
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$0.46 (on December 27)
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Q1 2006
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$0.84 (on February 21)
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$0.6 (on February 27)
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Q2 2006
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$0.87 (on June 13)
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$0.67 (on April 18)
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Q3 2006
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$2.28 (on September 28)
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$0.55 (on September 28)
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Q4 2006
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$1.44 (on October 19)
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$0.46 (on October 18)
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Monthly high and low market prices
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Month
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High (date)
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Low (date)
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January 2007
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$2.14 (on January 31)
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$1.15 (on January 19)
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February 2007
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$2.59 (on February 26)
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$1.85 (on February 8)
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March 2007
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$2.40 (on March 1)
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$2.26 (on March 19)
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April 2007
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$2.52 (on April 27)
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$1.41 (on April 3)
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May 2007
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$2.45 (on May 1)
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$1.75 (on May 16, 29, 30 and 31)
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June 2007
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$2.00 (on June 14)
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$1.75 (on June 6, 8, 11, 12 and 20)
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B. Plan of Distribution
Not applicable.
C. Markets
Our shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market. On March 9, 2005, we received a Nasdaq Staff Determination indicating that the Company failed to comply with the market value of publicly-held shares
requirement for continued listing of the Companys ADS in the Nasdaq National Market as set forth in Marketplace Rule 4450(a)(2), and that our ADSs would be delisted from The Nasdaq National Market at the opening of business on March 18,
2005. On March 16, 2005, we applied to transfer the trading of our ADSs to the Nasdaq Capital Market. The transfer was effected at the opening of business on March 29, 2005. On June 30, 2006, the Company notified the SEC that the
December 31, 2005 Annual Report on Form 20-F will be delayed and that we expected to file no later than 45 days from the prescribed due date of June 30, 2006. On July 13, 2006, we received a Nasdaq Staff Determination Letter
indicating that we failed to submit our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2005 as required by Marketplace Rule 4320 (e) (12), and that our securities were, therefore, subject to delisting from the Nasdaq Capital
Market pending a hearing before the Nasdaq Listing Qualification Panel. On July 19, 2006, we requested an oral hearing before the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Panel to appeal the Staff determination to delist our securities from the Nasdaq
Capital Market. On July 21, 2006, we received a notice from Nasdaq that the delisting action referenced in the Nasdaq Staff Determination Letter of July 13, 2006 had been stayed, pending a final written decision by the Nasdaq Listing
Qualifications Panel. On August 16, 2006, we filed our Annual Report on Form 20-F/A for the year ended December 31, 2005. We subsequently received a Nasdaq Staff letter on August 17, 2006 indicating that the Form 20-F filing
delinquency had been cured. We also received a Nasdaq Staff Deficiency Letter indicating that we failed to comply with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing set forth in Marketplace Rule 4320(e)(2)(E). During the subsequent 180-day
compliance period provided under the Nasdaq Marketplace Rule, the closing bid price of our ADSs was at $1.00 per share or greater for at least 10 consecutive business days. Accordingly, on December 12, 2006, Nasdaq Staff notified us that we
have regained compliance with the Nasdaq Marketplace Rules. The ADSs continue to be traded under the symbol PSIT.
D. Selling Shareholders
Not applicable.
E. Dilution
Not applicable.
F. Expenses of the Issue
Not applicable.
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ITEM 10 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A. Share Capital
Not applicable.
B. Articles of Incorporation and By-laws
The following statements summarize the material provisions of our articles of incorporation and by-laws and the Corporation Code of the
Philippines, or the Corporation Code, insofar as they relate to the material terms of our common shares.
Our primary purpose, as stated in
our articles of incorporation, is to serve as a holding company. The primary purpose of our principal operating subsidiaries is to engage in the business of manufacturing semiconductor products and components of all kinds and makes. We are not
allowed to engage in the management of fund portfolios or to act as a stockbroker or dealer in securities.
Capital Structure
As of May 31, 2007, our authorized share capital consisted of 37,058,100 authorized common
shares, with a par value of 1
2
/
3
Philippine pesos (Php) per share. As of December 31, 2006, we had 13,289,525 common shares
outstanding, a total subscribed capital of Php 22,149,208 and additional paid-in capital of Php 2,708,812,169. We have reserved a total of 741,162 common shares to be issued upon the exercise of options that may be granted pursuant to our stock
option plan. See Item 6Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesShare OwnershipPSi Stock Option Plan.
Share
Issuance
Under the Corporation Code of the Philippines, a corporation can issue shares of stock with such rights, privileges or
restrictions as may be provided for in its articles of incorporation. In the absence of specific restrictions in the articles of incorporation, common shares have full voting and dividend rights. A corporation may not issue shares for consideration
less than the par value of such shares as stated in its articles of incorporation. It may, however, issue shares for a consideration in excess of the par value of such shares. Where a corporation issues shares at a premium, an amount equal to the
amount by which the subscription price exceeds the par value is credited to an account designated as paid-in surplus or additional paid-in capital.
Subject to the approval of the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission, or PSEC, a corporation may increase or decrease its authorized capital stock with the approval of a majority of the board of directors and the affirmative vote of
shareholders representing at least two-thirds of the outstanding capital stock of the corporation.
A corporation may repurchase its own
shares of stock, provided that it has unrestricted retained earnings to pay for the shares to be acquired or purchased, for legitimate corporate purpose or purposes. These purposes include, but are not limited to the following:
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to eliminate fractional shares arising out of stock dividends;
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to purchase shares of dissenting shareholders exercising their appraisal right; and
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to collect or settle an indebtedness arising out of an unpaid subscription in a delinquent sale and to purchase delinquent shares sold during said sale.
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The shares repurchased by the corporation become treasury shares which may again be sold for a reasonable price fixed by
the board of directors. Shares do not have voting rights or dividend rights as long as they remain in the treasury.
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Shares of stock which are offered to the public in the Philippines are required to be registered with the
PSEC. The PSEC may deny registration of shares and refuse to issue a permit to sell shares if the registration statement for the shares is incomplete or inaccurate in any material respect or includes any untrue statement of material fact, or omits
to state a material fact required to be stated in the registration statement or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The PSEC may also deny registration for the shares if the issuer corporation or any of its officers or directors
are not qualified under the standards of the Securities Regulation Code or existing PSEC regulations.
Foreign Ownership Restrictions
We are not subject to any foreign equity ownership restrictions because we are not engaged in any business activity nor in possession of any asset that
would attract the applicability of foreign ownership restrictions under Philippine law. Our foreign shareholders are not subject to any applicable limitations on voting their shares.
However, our affiliates, PSitech Realty, Inc. and Pacsem Realty, Inc., being landholding companies, are subject to foreign ownership restrictions under
the Philippine Constitution. The maximum foreign ownership percentage allowed for a landholding company is 40% of the companys capital stock. PSi Technologies, Inc. currently holds 40% of the capital stock of each of PSitech Realty, Inc. and
Pacsem Realty, Inc. because it is considered to be a non-Philippine national due to the beneficial ownership of Merrill Lynch Global Emerging Markets Partners, L.P. and Greathill, a wholly-owned subsidiaryof NJI No. 2 Investment Fund (in
members voluntary liquidation). To qualify as a Philippine national, a corporation must be organized under Philippine law with at least 60% of its capital stock outstanding and entitled to vote being owned and held by citizens of the
Philippines.
Pre-emption Rights
The
Corporation Code of the Philippines confers the right of pre-emption on shareholders of a Philippine corporation which entitles them to subscribe to all issues or other dispositions of shares by the corporation in proportion to their respective
shareholdings, regardless of whether the shares proposed to be issued or otherwise disposed of are identical in all respects to the shares held. The pre-emption right conferred by the Corporation Code of the Philippines does not, however, apply to
the issuance of shares made to ensure compliance with laws requiring share offerings or minimum share ownership by the public, in exchange for the acquisition of property required for corporate purposes, or in payment of a debt previously
contracted.
The Corporation Code of the Philippines allows Philippine corporations to provide for the exclusion of the right of
pre-emption in its articles of incorporation. Our articles of incorporation provide that, unless the right of pre-emption is granted from time to time by the board of directors in its discretion, our shareholders do not have the pre-emptive right to
purchase or subscribe to:
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any un-issued or reissued shares of any class;
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any additional shares of any class to be issued by reason of any increase in our authorized capital stock; or
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any securities convertible into any class of our shares.
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In light of the Corporation Code and our articles of incorporation, the approval of our shareholders is not required with respect to the issuance of additional shares out of our un-issued authorized capital stock.
Accordingly, unless otherwise provided under U.S. securities laws and regulations, our board of directors has the sole discretion to issue additional shares out of our un-issued authorized capital stock.
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General Meeting of Shareholders
The Corporation Code of the Philippines requires all Philippine corporations to hold an annual general meeting of shareholders for the principal purpose of electing directors. Our annual general meeting of
shareholders is required by our by-laws to be held on any day in the month of June each year.
Voting
Each holder of our common shares is entitled to one vote per common share during shareholders meetings. However, in the election of directors, each
shareholder is entitled to such number of votes as is equal to the product of the number of common shares owned by him and the number of directors to be elected. The shareholder may accumulate his or her votes in favor of one candidate or distribute
these votes in such proportion and amount between as many of the candidates as the shareholder wishes. The election of directors may only be held at a meeting convened for that purpose at which shareholders representing a majority of our outstanding
capital stock are present in person or by proxy. However, any vacancy on our board, other than by removal or expiration of term, may be filled by the majority of the remaining directors if still constituting a quorum.
Management
Our corporate powers are exercised by our
board of directors. The members of our board of directors are elected for a one year term during the annual general meeting of our shareholders. The Corporation Code of the Philippines further requires that each of our directors must own at least
one share of our company.
The Corporation Code of the Philippines incorporates the common law principle that every director owes his
company the duties of obedience, diligence and loyalty. These duties are illustrated through certain specific provisions of the Corporation Code of the Philippines, including the following:
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A contract of the corporation with one or more of its directors is voidable at the option of such corporation unless all the following conditions are present:
(1) that the presence of such director in the board meeting in which the contract was approved was not necessary to constitute a quorum for such meeting; (2) that the vote of such director was not necessary for the approval of the
contract; and (3) that the contract is fair and reasonable under the circumstances. Where any of the first two conditions set forth above is absent, in the case of a contract with a director, such contract may be ratified by the vote of
shareholders representing at least two-thirds of the outstanding capital stock in a meeting called for the purpose, provided that full disclosure of the adverse interest of the director involved is made at such meeting and provided that the contract
is fair and reasonable under the circumstances;
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Where a director, by virtue of his office acquires for himself a business opportunity which should belong to the corporation, thereby obtaining profits to the
prejudice of such corporation, he must account to the latter for all such profits by refunding the same even if he risked his own funds in the venture, unless his act has been ratified by a vote of shareholders owning or representing at least
two-thirds of the outstanding capital stock of the company; and
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Directors who willfully and knowingly vote for or assent to patently unlawful acts of the corporation, or who are guilty of gross negligence or bad faith in
directing the affairs of the corporation, or who acquire any personal or pecuniary interests in conflict with their duty as such directors shall be liable jointly and severally for all damages resulting therefrom suffered by the corporation, its
shareholders and other persons. Where a director attempts to acquire or acquires, in violation of his duty, an interest adverse to the corporation in respect of any matter which has been entrusted to him, as to which principles of equity impose a
duty to refrain from self-dealing, he shall be liable as a trustee for the corporation and must account for the profits which otherwise would have accrued to the corporation.
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With respect to compensation of directors, our by-laws provide that directors may be reimbursed for
expenses, if any, associated with the attendance of meetings of our board of directors and may be paid a fixed sum for such attendance.
Matters
Requiring the Approval of Directors Selected by our Principal Shareholders
In addition to the voting requirements explained in the
foregoing section, in respect of the following matters, the affirmative vote of Merrill Lynch Global Emerging Markets Partners, L.P. and Greathill Pte., Ltd. shall be required pursuant to the Shareholders Agreement as amended by the Deed of
Adherence and Assumption:
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the amendment of the articles of incorporation and/or by-laws of our company or any of our subsidiaries;
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the pledge, sale, transfer or disposition, in one or a series of transactions, of (1) any shares of our principal operating subsidiary, PSi Technologies, Inc.
(2) more than 50% of the assets of PSi Technologies, Inc. (including, without limitation, shares of PSi Technologies, Inc.s subsidiaries), or (3) any shares of our affiliate, PSitech Realty, Inc.;
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any action that would cause gains to be recognized under Section 367 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Treasury Regulations
thereunder (including, without limitation, under any gain recognition agreement pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.367(a)-8) by any partner of Merrill Lynch Global Emerging Markets Partners, L.P., upon and after the exchange by RFM
Corporation, Merrill Lynch Global Emerging Markets Partners, L.P. and JAFCO Investment (Asia Pacific) Ltd., acting as investment manager of NJI No. 2 Investment Fund of their shares in our principal operating subsidiary PSi Technologies, Inc.
for our shares pursuant to the Deed of Assignment dated November 19, 1999; and
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any action, directly or indirectly, in contemplation of any of the foregoing.
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Dividends
We may only pay dividends out of our unrestricted retained earnings. These represent our
net accumulated earnings, with our capital unimpaired, which are not appropriated for any other purpose. We may pay dividends in cash, by the distribution of property, or by the issue of shares of stock. Dividends paid in the form of shares may only
be paid with the approval of shareholders representing at least two thirds of our outstanding capital stock at a shareholders meeting called for such purpose.
Our board of directors has the discretion to declare cash or property dividends. The issuance of property dividends must conform with the following conditions:
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the property to be distributed as a dividend must consist of property that is no longer intended to be used in the operation of our business and practicable to be
distributed as dividends;
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the issuance of property dividends must not result in an inequitable distribution of property to the shareholders in terms of the book value and market value, if
any, of the property distributed;
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when the distribution of dividends is made where some shareholders will receive cash and the others will receive property, the prevailing market value of the
property, as agreed upon by the shareholders, will be considered in determining the equitable distribution of the total dividends; and
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the distribution of property dividends must be approved by the PSEC.
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Corporations with surplus profits in excess of 100% of their paid-up capital are required to declare and distribute those profits as dividends, except:
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when retaining the profits is justified by definite corporate expansion projects or programs approved by the board of directors;
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when the consent of creditors is required under any loan agreement and the consent has not been secured; or
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when it can be clearly shown that retaining the profits is necessary under the special circumstances of the corporation, as when special reserves are required for
probable contingent liabilities.
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Rights of Minority Shareholders
The rights of a shareholder to institute proceedings on our behalf in a derivative suit is recognized in the Philippines. Derivative suits may be filed if
we are unable or unwilling to institute the necessary proceedings to redress wrongs committed against us or to vindicate corporate rights. Derivative suits are filed with the courts of general jurisdiction (i.e., the appropriate Regional Trial
Court). Regional Trial Courts are courts of general jurisdiction and have original and exclusive jurisdiction over intra-corporate disputes.
A shareholder has a right to dissent and demand payment of the fair value of his shares in any of the following instances:
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any amendment to our articles of incorporation which has the effect of changing or restricting rights attached to his shares or of authorizing preferences superior
to those of outstanding shares of any class, or of extending or shortening the term of corporate existence;
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the sale, lease, mortgage, pledge or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets;
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the investment of corporate funds for purposes other than to accomplish our primary purpose or investment in another corporation or business except when the
investment is reasonably necessary to accomplish our primary purpose; and
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our merger or consolidation with another corporation.
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The fair value for the shares of a dissenting shareholder sold to us may be agreed upon by the parties. If parties cannot reach an agreement, fair value will be determined by an independent committee. Payment for the
shares of a dissenting shareholder may be made only if we have unrestricted retained earnings to purchase the shares.
Shareholders have
the right to inspect our records at reasonable hours on business days. These records include minutes of all meetings of the board of directors and of the shareholders, and records of our business transactions. The right of inspection may be denied
to shareholders seeking to examine our records if they have improperly used any information obtained through any prior examination of our records, or did not act in good faith or for a legitimate purpose in making a demand for inspection.
Accounting and Auditing
Philippine
corporations are required to file copies of their annual financial statements consolidated and separate financial statements of the parent company and primary financial statements for each subsidiary, as applicable) with the PSEC, using the
functional currency. Our functional currency has been determined to be the U.S. dollar. The U.S. dollar is the currency of the primary economic environment in which we operate. Shareholders are entitled to request from the PSEC or from us copies of
our most recent financial statements which must include balance sheets, statements of income, cash flows and changes in stockholders equity for the two most recent comparative audited periods.
Transfer Agent
We have appointed The Bank of New
York as the transfer agent and registrar for the common shares underlying our ADSs.
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C. Material Contracts
Except as set forth below, we are not currently, and have not been in the last two years, a party to any material contracts, other than contracts entered into in the ordinary course of our business:
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Contract
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Summary
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Exchangeable Senior Subordinated Notes issued to Merrill Lynch
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See Item 7Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsRelated Party TransactionsThe Merrill Lynch Exchangeable Notes for a summary of terms.
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D. Exchange Controls
Under current regulations of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, an investment in Philippine securities must be registered with the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas if the foreign exchange needed to service the repatriation
of capital and the remittance of dividends, profits and earnings which accrue thereon is to be sourced from the banking system.
In the
case of Philippine securities not listed with the Philippine Stock Exchange such as our common shares held by the depositary bank, The Bank of New York, the application for registration must be filed by the investor or its representative directly
with the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas. Applications for registration of such investments must be accompanied by (i) credit advice or bank certification showing the amount of foreign currency inwardly remitted, and (ii) sworn certification
of the officer of the investee firm concerned attesting to the number of shares and amount paid for the investment. Upon submission of the required documents, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas will issue a Bangko Sentral Registration Document, or
BSRD. On October 9, 2000, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas issued a BSRD in relation to The Bank of New Yorks investment, as Depositary Bank, in our shares.
Proceeds of divestments as well as distributions or dividends derived from the registered investments are repatriable or remittable immediately and in full through the Philippine commercial banking system, net of
applicable tax, without the need of Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas approval. Remittance is allowed upon presentation of the BSRD at the exchange rate applicable on the date of actual remittance. Pending registration or reinvestment, divestment proceeds
as well as dividends of registered investments may be lodged temporarily in interest-bearing deposit accounts. Interest earned thereon, net of taxes, is also remittable in full. Remittance of divestment proceeds or dividends of registered
investments may be reinvested in the Philippines if the investments are registered with the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas.
Proceeds of
divestments as well as distributions or dividends derived from investments not registered with the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas may be converted into foreign exchange through non-bank sources of foreign exchange.
The foregoing is subject to the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas power, with the approval of the President of the Philippines, to restrict the
availability of foreign exchange (1) during an exchange crisis when the international reserve of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas falls to levels which it considers inadequate to meet the prospective net demands on the Bangko Sentral ng
Pilipinas for foreign currencies, (2) whenever the international reserve appears to be in imminent danger of falling to such a level or (3) whenever the international reserve is falling as a result of payments or remittances abroad which,
in the opinion of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, is contrary to the national welfare. Furthermore, we cannot assure you that current Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas regulations will not be made more restrictive.
E. Taxation
The following summary of the material
Philippine and U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposal of the common shares or ADSs is based upon circumstances, laws and
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relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 20-F/A, all of which are subject to change. This summary does not
deal with all possible tax consequences relating to the purchase, ownership and disposal of the common shares or ADSs, such as the tax consequences under state, local and other tax laws. Accordingly, each prospective investor and holder, and
particularly those prospective investors and holders subject to special tax rules, such as banks, dealers, insurance companies and tax exempt entities, should consult their own tax adviser regarding the tax consequences of an investment in and
ownership of the common shares or ADSs.
Philippine Taxation
The following is the opinion of H. G. Tiu Law Offices, our Philippine counsel, on the material Philippine tax consequences resulting from the purchase, ownership and disposition of ADSs outside the Philippines and of
direct investments in our common shares. This summary does not consider all possible Philippine tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of common shares or ADSs and is not intended to reflect the individual tax position of any
beneficial owner. The summary is based upon our existing circumstances, the National Internal Revenue Code, as amended, commonly referred to as the NIRC, its legislative history, existing regulations, revenue memorandum circulars and revenue audit
memorandum orders and published rulings issued by the Philippine Bureau of Internal Revenue, administrative practice, income tax conventions or treaties, and judicial decisions, all in effect, as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 20-F/A, all
of which are subject to change or differing interpretations, which changes or differing interpretations could apply retroactively.
Taxation Regarding
the Common Shares
Issuance and Exchange of ADSs. Our Philippine counsel, H.G. Tiu Law Offices, has expressed the opinion that no
Philippine taxes are payable upon the issuance of the ADSs by the depositary bank to the holders of ADSs but that Philippine capital gains and documentary stamp taxes are payable upon the transfer of common shares to a holder of ADSs.
Taxation of Capital Gains. The NIRC provides that gain from the sale of shares in a Philippine corporation will be treated as derived entirely from
sources within the Philippines, regardless of where the shares are sold. The rate of tax on such gain is 5% for gains not exceeding Php100,000 and 10% for gains in excess of that amount. The rate of tax is the same for both non-resident individuals
and non-resident non-Philippine corporations. The NIRC prohibits a transfer from being recorded in the books of the corporation unless the Philippine Commissioner of Internal Revenue, through his authorized representative, certifies that the capital
gains and documentary stamp taxes have been paid or other conditions are met. The NIRC allows non-resident individuals and non-resident non-Philippine corporations to net capital gains and losses during a taxable year in determining their total
capital gains tax.
Under the Convention between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Republic of the
Philippines with respect to Taxes on Income, or the US-RP Income Tax Treaty, capital gains derived by a U.S. resident from the sale of shares of a Philippine corporation will not be subject to the Philippine Income Tax unless the shares are those of
a corporation over 50% of the assets of which consist of real property interest located in the Philippines or in a Philippine Real Property Corporation. PSi Technologies Holdings, Inc. is currently not a Philippine Real Property Corporation.
Our Philippine counsel has expressed the opinion that transfers of ADSs by persons who are not residents of the Philippines but are
residents of the United States, Japan, Canada, the United Kingdom or France for purposes of taxation in those jurisdictions are not subject to Philippine capital gains tax pursuant to the tax treaties that the Philippines has entered into with those
countries. The rules relating to the taxability of transfers of ADSs by non-resident alien individuals and non-resident non-Philippine corporations and the extra-territorial applicability of Philippine tax laws are complex. Prospective purchasers
who do not belong to the categories of persons described above should consult their own tax advisor to determine whether and to what extent they would be entitled to tax treaty benefits, if any.
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Taxation of Dividends. Under the NIRC, dividends paid by a Philippine corporation to non-resident alien
individuals that are not engaged in trade or business in the Philippines are subject to withholding tax at the rate of 25%. Dividends paid to non-resident alien individuals that are engaged in trade or business in the Philippines are subject to
withholding tax at the rate of 20%. Dividends paid by a Philippine corporation to non-resident non-Philippine corporations are subject to withholding tax at the rate of 35%. A non-Philippine corporation is a Philippine resident only if it engages in
trade or business in the Philippines. The 35% rate for dividends paid to a non-resident non-Philippine corporation may be reduced to a special 15% rate if (1) the country in which the non-resident non-Philippine corporation is domiciled imposes
no taxes on foreign source dividends (this condition is not satisfied in the case of corporations domiciled in the United States) or (2) the non-resident non-Philippine corporation is entitled to a credit against the tax due from such
nonresident non-Philippine corporation for taxes deemed to have been paid in the Philippines in an amount equivalent to at least 20% of the dividends. This second condition may be difficult to satisfy in the case of a corporation domiciled in the
United States if the corporation owns less than 10% of our voting stock.
In circumstances where our common shares are held directly, a
preferential tax treaty rate may be available under treaties in force between the Philippines and the country of residence of a non-resident alien or non-resident non-Philippine corporation that does not engage in a trade or business in the
Philippines. For example, U.S. holders would be eligible for a treaty rate of 25%. The 20% treaty rate and the special 15% rate described above are not applicable in the case of non-resident non-Philippine corporations which are domiciled in the
United States and which own less than 10% of our voting stock.
Holders of our common shares will be required in all cases to establish
their eligibility before they can take advantage of any treaty or other reduced rate available under Philippine law. Philippine tax authorities have prescribed, through an administrative issuance, procedures for seeking tax treaty relief.
Documentary Stamp Taxes. The Philippines imposes a documentary stamp tax on every original issue of shares by a Philippine corporation at
the rate of Php1.00 on each Php200.00, or fraction thereof, of the par value of the shares. The Philippines also imposes a documentary stamp tax on transfers of shares of Philippine corporations at the rate of Php0.75 on each Php200.00, or fraction
thereof, of the par value of the shares wherever such transfers are made.
The documentary stamp tax is an excise tax that applies to
transactions effected and consummated in the Philippines. Our Philippine counsel has expressed the opinion that no Philippine documentary stamp tax is payable on the transfer of ADSs outside the Philippines.
Estate and Donors Taxes. The Philippines imposes estate taxes upon the transfer of the net estate of every decedent holding shares in a Philippine
corporation, whether the decedent is a resident or nonresident of the Philippines. The schedule of rates of estate taxes ranges from 5% to 20% if the net estate is over Php200,000.
The Philippines also imposes a donors tax on the basis of the total net gifts made during a calendar year. Individual and corporate registered
holders, whether residents or non-residents of the Philippines, who transfer shares by way of gift or donation will be liable for Philippine donors tax on those transfers at a flat rate of 30%. However, net gifts during the year exceeding
Php100,000 made by an individual to a brother, sister, spouse, ancestor, lineal descendant or blood relative not more remote than first cousins, granduncles, grandaunts, grandnieces or grandnephews are subject to Philippine donors tax at
progressive rates ranging from 2% to 15%. Net gifts during the year not exceeding Php100,000 made by an individual to the same persons are not subject to donors tax.
Shares of a deceased shareholder or shares that have been donated may not be transferred on the books of a Philippine corporation without a certificate
from the Commissioner of Internal Revenue or his authorized representative that the corresponding estate or donors taxes have been paid. In the case of ADSs, however, there is no corresponding requirement unless a transfer of the ADSs would
also entail a change in the registration of the underlying common shares.
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Estate and donors taxes will not be collected on intangible personal property if the decedent at
the time of his death or the donor at the time of the donation was a citizen and resident of a foreign country which at the time of his death or donation did not impose a transfer tax of any character, in respect of intangible personal property of
citizens of the Philippines not residing in that foreign country. In addition, neither tax will be imposed if the laws of the foreign country of which the decedent or donor was a citizen and resident at the time of his death or donation allow a
similar exemption from transfer or death taxes in respect of intangible personal property owned by citizens of the Philippines not residing in that foreign country.
U.S. Federal Income Taxation
The following is a summary by Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld
LLP, our United States counsel, of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences resulting from the purchase, ownership and disposition of the ADSs by a U.S. holder, as defined below. This summary does not purport to consider all the possible
U.S. federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the ADSs and is not intended to reflect the individual tax position of any specific beneficial owner. The summary is based upon the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended, or the Code, its legislative history, existing and proposed U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, published rulings by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, and court decisions, all in effect as of the date hereof, all
of which authorities are subject to change or differing interpretations, which changes or differing interpretations could apply retroactively. We have not sought any ruling from the IRS with respect to the statements made and the conclusions reached
in this summary, and we cannot assure you that the IRS will agree with such statements and conclusions.
This summary is limited to
investors who hold the ADSs as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment), and does not purport to deal with investors in special tax situations, such as:
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financial institutions;
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tax exempt organizations;
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regulated investment companies;
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dealers in securities or currencies;
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persons holding ADSs as a hedge against currency risks or as a position in a straddle, conversion transaction, or constructive sale transaction for tax purposes;
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persons subject to the U.S. alternative minimum tax;
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persons that own (directly or by attribution) 10% or more of any class of our stock, or persons that own (directly or by attribution) interests in entities that are
domestic partnerships (within the meaning of Section 7701(a) of the Code) that own (directly or by attribution) 10% or more of any class of our stock; or
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persons whose functional currency, as defined in Section 985 of the Code, is not the U.S. dollar.
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The summary does not include any description of the tax laws of any state, local or foreign governments that may be applicable to the ADSs. Persons who
are holders of ADSs for U.S. federal income tax purposes will be treated as the owners of the common shares represented by those ADSs.
As
used in this section, the term U.S. holder means a beneficial owner of ADSs who or which is:
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an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
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a corporation (or entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any
state, including the District of Columbia;
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an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
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a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary jurisdiction over its administration and one or more U.S. persons (as defined in the Code)
have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions or a trust that has made a valid election under U.S. Treasury Regulations to be treated as a domestic trust.
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As used in this section, the term non-U.S. holder means a beneficial owner of ADSs that is neither a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes nor a U.S.
holder. In the case of a beneficial owner of ADSs that is a partnership for U.S. tax purposes, each partner will take into account its allocable share of income or loss from the ADSs, and will take the income or loss into account under the rules of
taxation applicable to the partner, taking into account the activities of the partnership and the partner. Partnerships that own ADSs and their partners are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax consequences to them of acquiring,
holding and disposing of ADSs.
Distributions.
Distributions on ADSs, including the amount of any Philippine taxes withheld from the
distributions to U.S. holders, are included by the U.S. holders in gross income as a taxable dividend to the extent the distribution is paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Distributions in excess of our current or accumulated earnings and profits will first be treated, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as a nontaxable return on capital to the extent of the U.S. holders basis in the ADSs and then as gain from
the sale or exchange of a capital asset. Dividends received by individual U.S. holders will qualify for a reduced maximum federal income tax rate of 15%, provided certain holding period and other requirements are met. Dividends received by corporate
U.S. holders will not be eligible for dividends received deduction. Dividends paid in Philippine pesos, including the amount of any Philippine taxes withheld from the dividends, will be included in the income of a U.S. holder in the U.S. dollar
amount based on the exchange rate at the time of the receipt by the depositary, whether or not the dividends have been converted into U.S. dollars. Any gain or loss from a subsequent exchange of Philippine pesos by a U.S. holder generally will be
ordinary income or loss from sources within the United States.
Foreign Tax Credit
. Any dividends paid by us to a U.S. holder of our
ADSs generally will be treated as foreign source income for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. Subject to the limitations set out in the Code, a U.S. holder may elect to claim a foreign tax credit against its U.S. federal income tax liability for
Philippine income tax withheld from dividends received in respect of ADSs. U.S. holders who do not elect to claim a foreign tax credit may instead claim a deduction for Philippine income tax withheld, but only for a year in which the U.S. holder
elects to claim the deduction, instead of claiming the credit, which election must be made with respect to all foreign income taxes. The rules relating to the determination of the foreign tax credit are complex, and each U.S. holder should consult
its own tax advisor to determine whether and to what extent such U.S. holder would be entitled to a foreign tax credit.
Dispositions of
ADSs.
Gain or loss realized by a U.S. holder on the sale or other disposition of the ADSs generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax as capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the U.S. holders basis in
the ADSs and the amount realized on the disposition. The capital gain or loss generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. holder has held the ADSs for more than one year at the time of the sale or exchange. In the case of an
individual U.S. holder, long-term capital gain will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a maximum rate of 15%.
Information
Reporting and Backup Withholding
. Payments that relate to the ADSs that are made in the United States or by a U.S.-related financial intermediary will be subject to information reporting. Information reporting will require each paying agent
making payments, which relate to an ADS, to provide the IRS with information, including the beneficial owners name, address, taxpayer identification number, and the aggregate amount of dividends paid to such beneficial owner during the
calendar year. These reporting requirements, however, do not apply to all beneficial owners. Specifically, corporations, securities broker-dealers, other financial institutions, tax-exempt organizations, qualified pension and profit sharing trusts
and individual retirement accounts are all excluded from reporting requirements.
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The depositary participant or indirect participant holding ADSs on behalf of a beneficial owner, or
paying agent making payments for an ADS, may be required to backup withhold a tax equal to 28% of each payment of dividends on the ADSs and gross proceeds from a sale of ADSs unless the beneficial owner of the ADSs (1) is a corporation or other
exempt recipient and establishes its entitlement to an exemption, or (2) provides its correct taxpayer identification number, certifies that it is not currently subject to backup withholding, otherwise complies with the applicable requirements
of the backup withholding rules, and the paying agent does not know or have reason to know that such certification is false.
This backup
withholding tax is not an additional tax and may be credited against the beneficial owners U.S. federal income tax liability if the required information is furnished to the IRS. Non-U.S. holders generally are not subject to information
reporting or backup withholding, but may be required to provide certification of their non-U.S. status in connection with payments received within the United States or through U.S.-related financial intermediaries. Holders are advised to consult
their own tax advisors as to the applicability of the backup information reporting and withholding rules to their acquisition, ownership and disposition of the ADSs.
F. Dividends and Paying Agents
Not applicable.
G. Statements by Experts
Not applicable.
H. Documents on Display
We have filed our Form F-1
registration statement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the Commission. This Annual Report on Form 20-F/A does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement. You should refer to our registration
statement and its exhibits if you would like to find out more about us, our ADSs and our common shares.
We are subject to the periodic
reporting and other informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act, applicable to foreign private issuers. Under the Exchange Act, we are required to file reports and other information with the Commission.
Specifically, we are required to file this Annual Report on Form 20-F within six months after the close of our fiscal year which is December 31st. You may inspect copies of our registration statement, its accompanying exhibits, and any other
document we file with the Commission, without charge. You also may copy or obtain any of these documents at prescribed rates at the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission at 100 F. Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549:
You may obtain information on the operation of the Commission Public Reference Room by calling the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. As a foreign private
issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions
contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
We will furnish The Bank of New York, as our depositary bank, and our shareholders with
annual reports. These reports will include a review of operations and annual audited combined financial statements prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP. We also will furnish our depositary and our shareholders with unaudited financial information
prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP for the first six months of each fiscal year as soon as practicable following the end of each such period. When our depositary bank receives any reports from us, it will, upon our request, promptly mail the
reports to our ADS holders of record.
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I. Subsidiary Information
For more information on our subsidiaries, see Item 4Information on Our CompanyOrganizational Structure.
ITEM 11 QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Our exposure to financial market risks derives primarily from the changes in interest rates
and foreign exchange rates. To mitigate these risks, in the past our company has utilized derivative financial instruments, the application of which was primarily for hedging purposes and not for speculative purposes. We do not currently have any
interest in any derivative financial instruments or hedging transactions.
Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to market risk associated with changes in interest rates relates primarily to debt obligations which we may incur in the future. For the
years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, our interest-bearing debt obligations are made up primarily of short-term loans, trust receipts payable and the Merrill Lynch exchangeable notes issued in July 2003 and June 2005. The interest on the 2003
and 2005 Merrill Lynch exchangeable notes is fixed. Our policy is to manage interest rate risk by borrowing a combination of fixed and floating rate obligations based upon market conditions. In 2006, we did not engage in any freestanding derivative
transactions nor did we have any outstanding derivative contracts.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
Our foreign currency exposure gives rise to market risks associated with exchange rate movements against the Philippine peso, the Japanese yen, the
European euro, and the U.S. dollar, our functional currency. For the year ended December 31, 2006, up to 99.9% of our consolidated revenue was denominated in U.S. dollars. For the year ended December 31, 2006, approximately 25.1% of our
consolidated cost of sales was incurred in Philippine pesos, 64.3% incurred in U.S. dollars, and the balance in Japanese yen and euro. For the year ended December 31, 2005, up to 99.6% of our consolidated revenue was denominated in U.S.
dollars, and as a result, we had less foreign currency exchange risk. For the year ended December 31, 2005, approximately 24.1% of our consolidated cost of sales was incurred in Philippine pesos, with 64.2% incurred in U.S. dollars, and the
balance in Japanese yen and euro. Based on our overall currency rate exposure at December 31, 2006, a near-term 5% appreciation or depreciation in the value of the U.S. dollar would not have a significant effect on our financial position,
results of operations and cash flows over the next fiscal year. There can be no assurance, however, that there will not be a material impact further in the future.
We minimize our currency risk by purchasing most of our raw materials and equipment in U.S. dollars and borrowing in U.S. dollars. In the past, we have entered into foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate the
effects on us of exchange rate fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the Philippine peso related to our peso denominated expenditures. Our last outstanding currency forward contract amounted to $50,000 and matured on December 22, 1999.
Currently, we have no outstanding currency forward contracts.
ITEM 12 DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not applicable.
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