Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______ to _______

Commission file number: 001-40284

SOLID POWER, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		86-1888095
(State or other jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)		Identification No.)

486 S. Pierce Ave., Suite E
Louisville, Colorado		80027
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(303) 219-0720

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share	SLDP	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50	SLDPW	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☐	Non-accelerated filer ☒	Smaller reporting company ☒
			Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

180,387,669 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding as of November 6, 2024.

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SOLID POWER, INC.

FORM 10-Q

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements	5
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	17
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	22
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	22

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	22
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	22
Item 6.	Exhibits	23

Signatures		24

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GLOSSARY OF DEFINED TERMS



Term		Definition
2014 Plan		Solid Power, Inc. 2014 Equity Incentive Plan
2021 Plan		Solid Power, Inc. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan
2023 Form 10-K		Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023
Ah		Ampere hour
BMW		BMW of North America LLC
Board		The Board of Directors of Solid Power, Inc.
Electrolyte Supply Agreement		Electrolyte Supply Agreement, dated January 10, 2024, between Solid Power Operating, Inc. and SK On
ESPP		Solid Power, Inc. 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
EV		Battery electric vehicle
EV cells		Prototype cell formats between 60 and 100 Ah
Exchange Act		Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
GAAP		U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
JDA		Joint development agreement
Line Installation Agreement		Line Installation Agreement, dated January 10, 2024, among Solid Power Korea Co., Ltd., SK On, and, for the limited purposes of Section 12.16 of the Line Installation Agreement, Solid Power
Notes		Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) in this Report
OEM		Automotive original equipment manufacturers
Private Placement Warrants		Warrants sold in a private placement as part of our initial public offering or acquired through a conversion of a working capital loan
Public Warrants		Our publicly-traded warrants
R&D License Agreement		Research and Development Technology License Agreement, dated January 10, 2024, between Solid Power Operating, Inc. and SK On
Report		This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
RSU		Restricted stock unit
SEC		Securities and Exchange Commission
SK On		SK On Co., Ltd.
SK On Agreements		Electrolyte Supply Agreement, Line Installation Agreement, and R&D License Agreement, collectively
Solid Power / the Company / we / us / our		Solid Power, Inc., a Delaware corporation (f/k/a Decarbonization Plus Acquisition Corporation III)
SP1		Our Louisville, Colorado facility, which we primarily use for cell production, research and development, and quality control
SP2		Our Thornton, Colorado facility, which we primarily use for pilot production of electrolyte, research and development, quality control, and general office space
Warrants		Private Placement Warrants and Public Warrants

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Report contains forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that involve risks and uncertainties. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. All statements, other than statements of present or historical fact included in this Report, regarding our future financial performance, our plans related to the expansion of our electrolyte production capabilities, the receipt of U.S. Department of Energy funding, and the number of jobs to be created, and our strategy, expansion plans, market opportunity, future operations, future operating results, estimated revenues or losses, projected costs, prospects, plans, and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “will,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” “estimate,” “continue,” “project,” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and assumptions about us that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Except as otherwise required by applicable law, we disclaim any duty to update any forward-looking statements, all of which are expressly qualified by the statements in this section, to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Report. We caution you that the forward-looking statements contained herein are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control.

In addition, we caution you that the forward-looking statements regarding the Company contained in this Report are subject to the following factors:

●

risks relating to the uncertainty of the success of our research and development efforts, including our ability to achieve the technological objectives or results that our partners require, and our ability to commercialize our technology in advance of competing technologies;

●

rollout of our business plan and the timing of expected business milestones;

●

risks relating to the non-exclusive nature of our OEM and other partner relationships and our ability to manage these business relationships;

●

our ability to negotiate and execute commercial agreements with our partners on commercially reasonable terms;

●

our ability to protect and maintain our intellectual property, including in jurisdictions outside of the United States;

●

broad market adoption of EVs and other technologies where we are able to deploy our technology, if developed successfully;

●

our success attracting and retaining our executive officers, key employees, and other qualified personnel;

●

changes in applicable laws or regulations;

●

risks relating to our information technology infrastructure and data security breaches;

●

risks relating to our status as a research and development stage company with a history of financial losses with an expectation of incurring significant expenses and continuing losses for the foreseeable future;

●

our ability to secure government contracts and grants and the availability of government subsidies and economic incentives;

●

delays in the construction and operation of additional facilities;

●

risks relating to other economic, business, or competitive factors in the United States and other jurisdictions, including supply chain interruptions and changes in market conditions, and our ability to manage these risks and uncertainties; and

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●

those factors discussed in “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2023 Form 10-K, as such description may be updated or amended in future filings we make with the SEC.

We caution you that the foregoing list does not contain all of the risks or uncertainties that could affect the Company.

You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this Report primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, operating results, financial condition and prospects. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, including those described in “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2023 Form 10-K, as such description may be updated or amended in future filings we make with the SEC. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this Report. We cannot assure you that the results, events, and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur, and actual results, events, or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

Neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. Moreover, the forward-looking statements made in this Report relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Report to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Report or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. You should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments we may make.

TRADEMARKS

Our logo and trademark appearing in this Report and the documents incorporated by reference herein are our property. This document and the documents incorporated by reference herein contains references to trademarks and service marks belonging to other entities. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this Report may appear without the ® or TM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that the applicable licensor will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, its rights to these trademarks and trade names. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade names, trademarks, or service marks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of it by, any other companies.

MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA

We obtained the industry and market data used throughout this Report or any documents incorporated herein by reference from our own internal estimates and research, as well as from independent market research, industry and general publications and surveys, governmental agencies, publicly available information, and research, surveys, and studies conducted by third parties. Internal estimates are derived from publicly available information released by industry analysts and third-party sources, our internal research, and our industry experience and are based on assumptions made by us based on such data and our knowledge of our industry and market, which we believe to be reasonable. In some cases, we do not expressly refer to the sources from which this data is derived. In addition, while we believe the industry and market data included in this Report or any documents incorporated herein by reference is reliable and based on reasonable assumptions, such data involve material risks and other uncertainties and is subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors.” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the estimates made by the independent parties or by us.

INFORMATION ABOUT SOLID POWER

We use our website (www.solidpowerbattery.com) and various social media channels (e.g., Solid Power, Inc. on LinkedIn) as a means of disclosing information about Solid Power and our products to our customers, investors, and the public. The information posted on our website and social media channels is not incorporated by reference in this Report or in any other report or document we file with the SEC. Further, references to our website URLs are intended to be inactive textual references only. The information we post through these channels may be deemed material. Accordingly, investors should monitor these channels, in addition to following our press releases, SEC filings, and public conference calls and webcasts. In addition, you may automatically receive e-mail alerts and other information about Solid Power when you enroll your e-mail address by visiting the “Investor Email Alerts” section of our website at https://ir.solidpowerbattery.com. Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to reports filed pursuant to Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Exchange Act are filed with the SEC. These reports and other information we file with the SEC are available free of charge at https://www.solidpowerbattery.com/investor-relations/financials/sec-filings when such reports are available on the SEC’s website.

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Solid Power, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except par value and number of shares)


	September 30, 2024
	(Unaudited)		December 31, 2023
Assets
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	37,969	$	34,537
Marketable securities		94,041		141,505
Contract receivables		2,614		1,553
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		5,280		5,523
Total current assets		139,904		183,118
Long-Term Assets
Property, plant and equipment, net		99,787		99,156
Right-of-use operating lease assets, net		6,832		7,154
Right-of-use finance lease assets, net		914		1,088
Investments		216,062		239,566
Intangible assets, net		1,953		1,650
Other assets		5,428		1,060
Total long-term assets		330,976		349,674
Total assets	$	470,880	$	532,792
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities		7,030		6,455
Deferred revenue		6,735		1
Deferred revenue from related parties		—		828
Accrued compensation		5,562		7,590
Operating lease liabilities		690		626
Finance lease liabilities		329		379
Total current liabilities		20,346		15,879
Long-Term Liabilities
Warrant liabilities		2,434		4,227
Operating lease liabilities		7,469		7,996
Finance lease liabilities		319		552
Other liabilities		862		803
Total long-term liabilities		11,084		13,578
Total liabilities		31,430		29,457
Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value; 2,000,000,000 shares authorized; 179,633,575 and 179,010,884 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		18		18
Additional paid-in capital		589,062		588,515
Accumulated deficit		(150,539)		(84,639)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		909		(559)
Total stockholders’ equity		439,450		503,335
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	470,880	$	532,792

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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Solid Power, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except number of shares and per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Revenue	$	4,651	$	6,366	$	15,679	$	15,063
Operating Expenses
Direct costs		6,973		7,183		16,700		20,354
Research and development		17,319		14,236		54,718		40,391
Selling, general and administrative		7,950		6,444		24,570		19,307
Total operating expenses		32,242		27,863		95,988		80,052
Operating Loss		(27,591)		(21,497)		(80,309)		(64,989)
Nonoperating Income and Expense
Interest income		4,251		5,213		13,707		15,041
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		1,591		1,155		1,793		3,480
Interest expense		(11)		(13)		(37)		(39)
Other expense		(283)		—		(167)		—
Total nonoperating income and expense		5,548		6,355		15,296		18,482
Pretax Loss	$	(22,043)	$	(15,142)	$	(65,013)	$	(46,507)
Income tax expense		376		—		887		—
Net Loss Attributable to Common Stockholders	$	(22,419)	$	(15,142)	$	(65,900)	$	(46,507)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		2,058		(215)		1,468		2
Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Common Stockholders	$	(20,361)	$	(15,357)	$	(64,432)	$	(46,505)
Basic and diluted loss per share	$	(0.13)	$	(0.08)	$	(0.37)	$	(0.26)
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic and diluted		179,160,488		178,388,926		179,177,452		177,800,915

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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Solid Power, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except number of shares)


	Common Stock
					Additional		Accumulated		Accumulated Other		Total Stockholders’
	Shares		Amount		paid-in capital		deficit		Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2023		179,010,884	$	18	$	588,515	$	(84,639)	$	(559)	$	503,335
Net loss		—		—		—		(43,481)		—		(43,481)
Shares of common stock issued under the ESPP		187,614		—		238		—		—		238
Withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation		—		—		(479)		—		—		(479)
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs		851,216		—		—		—		—		—
Stock options exercised		3,590,897		—		197		—		—		197
Repurchase and retirement of shares of common stock		(5,000,000)		—		(8,356)		—		—		(8,356)
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		5,914		—		—		5,914
Unrealized loss on marketable securities		—		—		—		—		(590)		(590)
Balance as of June 30, 2024		178,640,611	$	18	$	586,029	$	(128,120)	$	(1,149)	$	456,778
Net loss		—		—		—		(22,419)		—		(22,419)
Withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation		—		—		(75)		—		—		(75)
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs		160,842		—		—		—		—		—
Stock options exercised		832,122		—		35		—		—		35
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		3,073		—		—		3,073
Unrealized gain on marketable securities		—		—		—		—		2,058		2,058
Balance as of September 30, 2024		179,633,575	$	18	$	589,062	$	(150,539)	$	909	$	439,450


	Common Stock
					Additional		Accumulated		Accumulated Other		Total Stockholders’
	Shares		Amount		paid-in capital		deficit		Comprehensive Loss		Equity
Balance as of December 31, 2022		176,007,184	$	18	$	577,603	$	(19,090)	$	(3,159)	$	555,372
Net loss		—		—		—		(31,363)		—		(31,363)
Shares of common stock issued under the ESPP		129,928		—		214		—		—		214
Withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation		—		—		(111)		84		—		(27)
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs		163,148		—		—		—		—		—
Stock options exercised		2,026,630		—		183		—		—		183
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		5,145		—		—		5,145
Unrealized loss on marketable securities		—		—		—		—		(213)		(213)
Balance as of June 30, 2023		178,326,890	$	18	$	583,034	$	(50,369)	$	(3,372)	$	529,311
Net loss		—		—		—		(15,142)		—		(15,142)
Withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation		—		—		—		(85)		—		(85)
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs		32,442		—		—		—		—		—
Stock options exercised		58,065		—		11		—		—		11
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		3,302		—		—		3,302
Unrealized gain on marketable securities		—		—		—		—		215		215
Balance as of September 30, 2023		178,417,397	$	18	$	586,347	$	(65,596)	$	(3,157)	$	517,612

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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Solid Power, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(in thousands)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net loss	$	(65,900)	$	(46,507)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash and cash equivalents from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		11,991		7,805
Amortization of right-of-use assets		642		566
Stock-based compensation expense		8,987		8,447
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		(1,793)		(3,480)
Accretion of discounts on other long-term liabilities		52		—
Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on marketable securities		(6,260)		(8,297)
Change in operating assets and liabilities that provided (used) cash and cash equivalents:
Contract receivables		(1,061)		(1,403)
Contract receivables from related parties		—		(5,048)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		707		297
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities		(664)		207
Deferred revenue		6,734		(50)
Deferred revenue from related parties		(828)		(4,000)
Accrued compensation		(2,027)		218
Operating lease liabilities		(610)		(406)
Net cash and cash equivalents used in operating activities		(50,030)		(51,651)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(11,236)		(29,526)
Purchases of marketable securities and investments		(174,040)		(256,584)
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities and investments		252,177		315,493
Cash paid for note receivable to an independent contractor		(4,448)		—
Purchases of intangible assets		(314)		(428)
Net cash and cash equivalents provided by investing activities		62,139		28,955
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Payments of debt		—		(7)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		232		194
Proceeds from issuance of shares of common stock under the ESPP		238		214
Cash paid for withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation		(554)		(111)
Repurchase of shares of common stock		(8,274)		—
Payments on finance lease liabilities		(319)		(259)
Net cash and cash equivalents provided by (used in) financing activities		(8,677)		31

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		3,432		(22,665)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		34,537		50,123
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period		37,969		27,458

Cash paid for interest	$	37	$	39
Accrued capital expenditures	$	2,041	$	2,309

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (in thousands, except number of shares and per share amounts)

Note 1 – Nature of Business

Solid Power is developing solid-state battery technology for the EV and other markets. The Company’s planned business model is to manufacture and sell its proprietary electrolyte and to license its cell designs and manufacturing processes.

Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies

The significant accounting policies followed by the Company are set forth in Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies to the Company’s financial statements included in the 2023 Form 10-K and are supplemented by the Notes. The financial statements included in this Report (including the Notes) should be read in conjunction with the 2023 Form 10-K.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared on the basis of GAAP and reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position and results of operations at, and for, the periods presented. The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. All dollar amounts presented herein are in U.S. dollars and are in thousands, except par value and share and per share amounts.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Additionally, certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Income Taxes

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740) Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ASU 2023-09 requires companies to disclose, on an annual basis, specific categories in the effective tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. In addition, ASU 2023-09 requires companies to disclose additional information about income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 will be effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2025 and will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. The Company is evaluating the disclosure impact of ASU 2023-09.

Segment Reporting

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07 Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. Among other new disclosure requirements, ASU 2023-07 requires companies to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker, or CODM. ASU 2023-07 will be effective for annual periods beginning on January 1, 2024 and interim periods beginning on January 1, 2025. ASU 2023-07 must be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions and impact this ASU will have when adopted for the year ended December 31, 2024 and anticipates that it may result in additional required disclosures in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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Note 3 – Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are summarized as follows:


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Production equipment	$	40,328	$	36,086
Laboratory equipment		11,524		9,910
Leasehold improvements		70,793		59,109
Furniture and computer equipment		4,046		3,915
Construction in progress		8,585		13,650
Total cost		135,276		122,670
Accumulated depreciation		(35,489)		(23,514)
Net property and equipment	$	99,787	$	99,156

Depreciation expenses for dedicated laboratory equipment and production equipment are charged to research and development. The other depreciation expenses are included in the Company’s overhead and are allocated across Operating Expenses based on Company personnel costs incurred.

Depreciation expense related to property, plant and equipment are summarized as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Depreciation expense	$	4,014	$	2,896	$	11,980	$	7,794

The Company expanded its electrolyte production to produce larger quantities of electrolyte required to feed cell-production lines and continue research and development efforts at SP2. The Company began producing electrolyte at SP2 in 2023. The Company has also built an electrolyte innovation center, or EIC, at SP2 to improve and test electrolyte manufacturing processes. The Company placed most of the lab into service in the three months ended September 30, 2024 and expects to place the remaining portion in service by the end of 2024.


Construction in progress	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
SP1 - Capital projects	$	4,722	$	2,298
SP2 - Increased scale electrolyte production		3,863		11,352
Total	$	8,585	$	13,650

Note 4 – Intangible Assets

Intangible assets of the Company are summarized as follows:


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Gross Carrying		Accumulated		Gross Carrying		Accumulated
	Amount		Amortization		Amount		Amortization
Intangible assets:
Licenses	$	149	$	(67)	$	149	$	(61)
Patents		135		(10)		92		(5)
Patents pending		1,708		—		1,444		—
Trademarks		13		—		13		—
Trademarks pending		25		—		18		—
Total amortized intangible assets	$	2,030	$	(77)	$	1,716	$	(66)

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Amortization expense for intangible assets is summarized as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Amortization expense	$	4	$	3	$	11	$	11

Useful lives of intangible assets range from three to 20 years. Amortization expenses are allocated ratably across Operating Expenses based on Company personnel costs incurred.

Note 5 – Collaborative Arrangement

On January 10, 2024, the Company entered into the SK On Agreements. The Company determined the SK On Agreements should be combined and evaluated as a single contract. The SK On Agreements were determined to be a collaborative arrangement in accordance with ASC Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangements, and revenue recognition is recorded by analogy to ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company determined the SK On Agreements represent a single, combined performance obligation. Collaborative revenue is recognized over time using the input measurement method utilizing incurred labor hours in relation to total labor hours anticipated to satisfy the combined performance obligation. The Company will expense contract fulfillment costs as incurred.

Note 6 – Fair Value Measurements

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of less than 90 days to be cash equivalents. The carrying amounts of certain financial instruments, such as cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities, approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.

Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that a reporting entity can access at the measurement date. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for assets or liabilities.

Assets and Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis were classified within the fair value hierarchy as follows:


	September 30, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Commercial Paper	$	44,464	$	—	$	—	$	44,464
Corporate Bonds	$	216,075	$	—	$	—	$	216,075
Government Bonds	$	32,618	$	—	$	—	$	32,618
U.S. Treasuries	$	16,946	$	—	$	—	$	16,946

Liabilities
Public Warrants	$	1,450	$	—	$	—	$	1,450
Private Placement Warrants	$	—	$	984	$	—	$	984


	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Commercial Paper	$	84,909	$	—	$	—	$	84,909
Corporate Bonds	$	239,473	$	—	$	—	$	239,473
Government Bonds	$	56,689	$	—	$	—	$	56,689

Liabilities
Public Warrants	$	2,505	$	—	$	—	$	2,505
Private Placement Warrants	$	—	$	1,722	$	—	$	1,722

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The change in fair value of the Company’s marketable securities and investments are included in other comprehensive income (loss). There were no transfers in and out of Level 3 fair value hierarchy during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2024 or year ended December 31, 2023. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company purchased $174,040 of marketable securities and investments.

Fair Value of Warrants

The fair value of the Private Placement Warrants has been estimated using a Black-Scholes model as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 Consolidated Balance Sheet dates. The estimated fair value of the Private Placement Warrants is determined using Level 2 directly or indirectly observable inputs. Inherent in a Black-Scholes model are assumptions related to expected stock-price volatility, expected life, risk-free interest rate, and dividend yield. Material increases (or decreases) in any of those inputs may result in a significantly higher (or lower) fair value measurement. The Company estimates the volatility of its Private Placement Warrants based on implied volatility from the Company’s Public Warrants and from historical volatility of the Company’s common stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon yield curve for a maturity similar to the expected remaining life of the Warrants. The dividend yield is based on the historical rate, which the Company anticipates remaining at zero. The fair value of the Public Warrants has been measured based on the quoted price of such warrants on the Nasdaq Stock Market, a Level 1 input.

The following table provides quantitative information regarding Level 2 inputs used in the recurring valuation of the Private Placement Warrants as of their measurement dates:


	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Exercise price	$	11.50		$	11.50
Stock price	$	1.35		$	1.45
Volatility		99.0	%		95.0	%
Term (in years)		2.19			2.94
Risk-free rate		3.58	%		3.94	%

The following table provides a rollforward of the Public Warrants measured at fair value per Public Warrant using Level 1 inputs and Private Placement Warrants measured at fair value per Private Placement Warrant using Level 2 inputs:


	Public Warrants		Private Placement Warrants
	Level 1 Fair Value		Level 2 Fair Value
December 31, 2023	$	0.19	$	0.28
Change in fair value	$	0.01	$	0.06
March 31, 2024	$	0.20	$	0.34
Change in fair value	$	(0.03)	$	(0.05)
June 30, 2024	$	0.17	$	0.29
Change in fair value	$	(0.06)	$	(0.13)
September 30, 2024	$	0.11	$	0.16

The following tables provides a reconciliation of the change in fair value for the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants for the three months ended September 30, 2024:


					Three Months Change in
Warrant Class	Level	Warrants	June 30, 2024		Fair Value		September 30, 2024
Public Warrants	1	13,182,501	$	2,241	$	(791)	$	1,450
Private Placement Warrants	2	6,150,802	$	1,784	$	(800)	$	984
Total		19,333,303	$	4,025	$	(1,591)	$	2,434

The following tables provides a reconciliation of the change in fair value for the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:


					Nine Months Change in
Warrant Class	Level	Warrants	December 31, 2023		Fair Value		September 30, 2024
Public Warrants	1	13,182,501	$	2,505	$	(1,055)	$	1,450
Private Placement Warrants	2	6,150,802	$	1,722	$	(738)	$	984
Total		19,333,303	$	4,227	$	(1,793)	$	2,434

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Note 7 – Warrant Liabilities

The table below provides a summary of the outstanding Public and Private Placement Warrants at:


	September 30, 2024	December 31, 2023
Public Warrants	13,182,501	13,182,501
Private Placement Warrants	6,150,802	6,150,802

Each whole Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to customary adjustments. Only whole Warrants are exercisable. The Warrants became exercisable on January 7, 2022 and will expire on December 8, 2026.

None of the Private Placement Warrants are redeemable by the Company so long as they are held by the initial purchasers of the Private Placement Warrants or their permitted transferees. The table below provides the fair value of warrant liabilities at:


		September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Fair value of warrant liabilities	$	2,434	$	4,227

The table below provides the Company’s gain recognized in connection with changes in fair value of warrant liabilities:


		Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2024		2023
Gain recognized associated with warrant liabilities	$	1,793	$	3,480

There have been no changes to our Public or Private Placement Warrants, including redemption terms disclosed in our 2023 Form 10-K.

Note 8 – Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

Stock options exercised for common stock, shares of common stock repurchased under the stock repurchase program, shares of common stock issued under the ESPP, and shares of common stock issued upon vesting of RSUs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are summarized in the table below:


	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024	2023	2024	2023
Stock options exercised	832,122	58,065	4,423,019	2,084,695
Shares of common stock repurchased	—	—	(5,000,000)	—
Shares of common stock issued under the ESPP	—	—	187,614	129,928
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs	160,842	32,442	1,012,058	195,590

The table below presents the cash received or paid associated with common stock related activities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2024		2023		2024		2023
Cash received from stock options exercised	$	35	$	11	$	232	$	194
Cash received from shares of common stock issued under the ESPP		—		—		238		214
Cash paid for shares of common stock repurchased		—		—		(8,274)		—

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Stock Repurchase Program

On January 23, 2024, the Company announced that its Board approved a stock repurchase program authorizing the Company to purchase up to $50,000 of the Company’s outstanding common stock. Under the repurchase program, the Company may purchase shares of its common stock from time to time until the repurchase program expires on December 31, 2025.

The Company did not purchase any shares in the three months ended September 30, 2024. The table below presents the number of shares repurchased and retired, the aggregate cost, and the average purchase price per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:


	Shares		Aggregate cost		Avg. Price Paid Per Share
Repurchased and retired shares of common stock	5,000,000	$	8,355	$	1.64

Note 9 – Stock-Based Compensation

There have been no changes to our equity incentive plans, the ESPP, or our accounting methodology for stock-based compensation, as disclosed in our 2023 Form 10-K.

The fair value of stock options and RSUs issued to employees and directors is recognized as compensation expense over the period of service that generally coincides with the vesting period of the award. The Company allocated compensation ratably across Operating Expenses based on Company personnel costs incurred. When calculating the amount of annual compensation expense, the Company has elected not to estimate forfeitures and instead accounts for forfeitures as they occur.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized compensation costs totaling:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Stock-based compensation costs related to RSUs	$	1,499	$	1,248	$	4,107	$	2,839
Stock-based compensation costs related to stock options		1,529		2,012		4,756		5,486
Stock-based compensation costs related to the ESPP		45		42		124		122
Total stock-based compensation costs	$	3,073	$	3,302	$	8,987	$	8,447

The unrecognized future compensation costs as of September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $22,407 and $31,843, respectively.

The following table summarizes our award activity for RSUs and stock options for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024:



	RSUs	Stock Options
Balance at December 31, 2023	4,473,016		24,264,016
Granted	3,159,872		4,566,167
Vested or Exercised	(264,754)		(2,360,316)
Forfeited	(72,619)		(842,395)
Balance at March 31, 2024	7,295,515		25,627,472
Granted	2,162,222		1,757,960
Vested or Exercised	(867,515)		(1,230,581)
Forfeited	(886,343)		(1,873,843)
Balance at June 30, 2024	7,703,879		24,281,008
Granted	562,463		—
Vested or Exercised	(206,133)		(832,122)
Forfeited	(333,651)		(1,406,329)
Balance at September 30, 2024	7,726,558		22,042,557

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Stock Options

The fair value of each stock option grant during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions used:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023
Approximate risk‑free rate		4.23	%		4.17	%
Volatility		48.10	%		46.91	%
Average expected life (in years)		6			6
Dividend yield		—	%		—	%
Weighted‑average grant date fair value	$	1.59		$	2.80
Estimated fair value of total stock options granted	$	5,175		$	7,815

Note 10 – Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share

Basic loss per share represents net loss attributable to common stock divided by the basic weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.

Diluted loss per share also includes the dilutive effect of additional potential shares of common stock issuable from stock-based awards determined using the treasury stock method. Diluted loss per share represents net earnings divided by diluted weighted average number of shares of common stock, which includes the average dilutive effect of all potentially dilutive securities that are outstanding during the period.

The table below sets forth the basic and diluted loss per share calculation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(22,419)	$	(15,142)	$	(65,900)	$	(46,507)
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic and diluted		179,160,488		178,388,926		179,177,452		177,800,915
Basic and diluted loss per share	$	(0.13)	$	(0.08)	$	(0.37)	$	(0.26)

Due to the net loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 presented above, diluted loss per share was computed without consideration to potentially dilutive instruments as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. The table below sets forth (in shares) potentially dilutive securities excluded from the diluted loss per share calculation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.


	September 30,
	2024	2023
Warrants	19,333,303	19,333,303
2014 Plan & 2021 Plan - Stock Options	23,497,907	26,386,130
2021 Plan - RSUs	6,764,178	3,192,511
ESPP - Common Stock	167,548	120,339
Total potentially dilutive securities	49,762,936	49,032,283

Note 11 – Leases

The Company leases its facilities and certain equipment. Fixed rent escalates each year, and the Company is responsible for a portion of the landlords’ operating expenses such as property tax, insurance, and common area maintenance.

The Company’s facility in Louisville, Colorado, is under a noncancelable operating lease with a maturity date in December 2029. In 2022, the Company amended this operating lease to incorporate a prior subleased space into the base lease and extend the term of the lease. In 2024, the Company amended this operating lease to lease additional space and further extend the term of the lease. The Company has the right to renew this operating lease for an additional five-year period.

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On September 1, 2021, the Company entered into an industrial operating lease agreement for its facility in Thornton, Colorado, with the initial term through March 31, 2029. Under this operating lease, the Company has one option to renew for five years, which has been included in the calculation of lease liabilities and right-of-use assets at the adoption date of the lease accounting standard on January 1, 2022, as the exercise of the option was reasonably certain. As the renewal rent has not been negotiated, the Company used an estimated rent rate which approximated the fair market rent at adoption of ASC 842 on January 1, 2022 for the extension period.

The Company has certain equipment leases classified as finance leases as of September 30, 2024.

The Company’s leases do not have any contingent rent payments and do not contain residual value guarantees.

The components of lease expense are as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Finance lease costs:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$	58	$	50	$	174	$	141
Interest on lease liabilities		11		13		37		38
Operating lease costs		302		290		883		870
Total lease expense	$	371	$	353	$	1,094	$	1,049

The components of cash flow information related to leases are as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating outgoing cash flows – finance leases	$	11	$	13	$	38	$	39
Financing outgoing cash flows – finance leases		95		79		281		220
Operating outgoing cash flows – operating leases		441		284		1,025		851
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities:		—		124		—		213
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities:		148		—		148		—


	September 30, 2024
Finance lease
Weighted-average remaining lease term – finance leases (in years)	2.3
Weighted-average discount rate – finance leases	6.6	%
Operating lease
Weighted-average remaining lease term – operating leases (in years)	8.5
Weighted-average discount rate – operating leases	6.8	%

As of September 30, 2024, future minimum payments during the next five years and thereafter are as follows:


Fiscal year	Finance Lease		Operating Lease
2024 (remaining three months)	$	106	$	296
2025		310		1,210
2026		179		1,248
2027		85		1,288
2028		16		1,329
2029		—		1,211
Thereafter		—		4,031
Total		696		10,613
Less present value discount		(48)		(2,454)
Total lease liabilities	$	648	$	8,159

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Note 12 – Related Party Transactions

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized $0 and $5,410 of revenue related to the BMW JDA, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized $3,657 and $10,128 of revenue related to the BMW JDA, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded $828 of deferred revenue related to cash paid from BMW in advance of services provided.

On September 30, 2024, Solid Power Operating, Inc. and BMW entered into Amendment No. 6 to Joint Development Agreement. Pursuant to the terms of Amendment No. 6, the Company and BMW agreed to (i) extend the term of the BMW JDA until the Company hits certain development milestones; provided that BMW will have termination rights in certain circumstances beginning on December 31, 2025, and (ii) revise certain deliverables and the timing to achieve various milestones and development targets and confirm cell performance requirements.

Note 13 – Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate was (1.64%) and (1.34%) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, as a result of withholding tax expense on revenue earned in a foreign jurisdiction. The Company’s effective tax rate was 0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and the Company was in a full valuation allowance for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

The Company's quarterly provision for income taxes is calculated by applying a projected annual effective tax rate, calculated separately for the United States and Republic of Korea, to ordinary pre-tax book income.

Note 14 – Contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Company may be party to litigation from time to time. The Company maintains insurance to cover certain actions and believes that resolution of such litigation will not have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Note 15 – Subsequent Events

On October 21, 2024, the Company entered into a series of transactions with a third-party engineering consulting firm which included (i) acquiring a 20% equity position in the consulting firm in exchange for $400 and (ii) the right to acquire additional equity. Upon the execution of these transactions, the Company modified a promissory note from the consulting firm, which had an outstanding balance in Other assets as of September 30, 2024 of $4,448.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Report. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect future plans, estimates, beliefs, and expected performance. For additional discussion, see “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above. The forward-looking statements are dependent upon events, risks, and uncertainties that may be outside of our control. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below and those discussed elsewhere in this Report and under “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our 2023 Form 10-K, as such descriptions may be updated or amended in future filings we make with the SEC. Unless indicated otherwise, the following discussion and analysis of results of operations and financial condition and liquidity relates to our current continuing operations and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto of this Report and our 2023 Form 10-K. We do not undertake, and expressly disclaim, any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, new developments, or otherwise, except to the extent that such disclosure is required by applicable law.

Overview

Solid Power is developing solid-state battery technology for the EV market and additional markets served by battery manufacturers.

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Our core technology is a proprietary sulfide solid electrolyte material, which replaces the liquid or gel electrolyte used in traditional lithium-ion batteries. We believe that our electrolyte can improve driving range, battery life, safety performance, and battery costs.

Additionally, we are developing solid-state cells with our electrolyte, with the aim of commercializing our technology by selling electrolyte and licensing cell designs. This approach minimizes capital requirements, unlike other battery manufacturers who require significant cell production facilities and equipment. This strategy also allows us to focus on our core strengths of electrolyte production and solid-state technology development.

Currently, we produce electrolyte on pilot manufacturing lines. The electrolyte is used for cell development and customer sampling. We also develop cells on two pilot lines, producing multiple cell sizes to both support our partners and refine cell designs.

We have partnered with industry leaders BMW, Ford Motor Company, and SK On and will continue to work closely with our partners to improve cell designs, improve our electrolyte, and ultimately commercialize our technology. Our products are currently in the development stage and require further research and improvement before we can commercialize our technology.

Recent Business Highlights

●

Selected by the U.S. Department of Energy for up to $50 million award negotiation for continuous production of sulfide-based solid electrolyte materials for advanced all-solid-state batteries.

●

Commenced development activities in our electrolyte innovation center, or EIC, to enhance research and development capabilities and improve pre-pilot electrolyte manufacturing processes.

●

Achieved all milestones and fully received all payments expected in 2024 under the SK On Agreements. Line installation remains on track to be completed in mid-2025, following which validation activities are expected to commence.

●

Continued repeated electrolyte sampling to multiple customers and received constructive feedback, enabling electrolyte improvements.

●

Extended the BMW JDA and will continue to jointly develop cell technologies.

Key Factors Affecting Operating Results

We are a research and development-stage company and have not generated significant revenue through the sale of our electrolyte or licensing of our cell designs. Our ability to commercialize our products depends on several factors that present significant opportunities but also pose material risks and challenges, including those discussed in the “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” sections of this Report, which are incorporated by reference.

Prior to reaching commercialization, we must improve our products to ensure they meet the performance and safety requirements of our customers. We also will have to continue to negotiate licensing and supply contracts with our customers on terms and conditions that are mutually acceptable. To satisfy anticipated demand, we will need to scale production of our electrolyte. All of these will take time and affect our operating results. Since many factors are difficult to quantify, actual operating results may be different than currently anticipated.

Revenue generated to date has primarily come from performance on research and development licensing agreements and government contracts. We will need to continue to deploy substantial capital to expand our production capabilities and engage in research and development programs. We also expect to continue to incur significant administrative expenses as a publicly traded company.

In addition to meeting our development goals, commercialization and future growth and demand for our products are highly dependent upon consumers adopting EVs. The market for new energy vehicles is still rapidly evolving due to emerging technologies, competitive pricing, government regulation and industry standards, and changing consumer demands and behaviors.

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Basis of Presentation

We currently conduct our business through one operating segment. As a research and development company with no commercial operations, our activities to date have been limited and were conducted primarily in the United States. Historical results are reported under GAAP and in U.S. dollars.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 to the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we increased capital and operational investments centered on expanding our electrolyte capabilities and advancing our cell designs. Our capital investments included the addition of an EIC to improve and test electrolyte manufacturing processes. Our operational investments were focused on the strategic enhancement of our research and development workforce as well as efforts to improve electrolyte and cell performance. Through the remainder of 2024, we expect the trend of increased capital and operational investments to continue for our production capabilities, partnership development, and Korean operations as we execute our development strategy according to our current outlook.

The following table is a consolidated summary of our operating results for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		Change		%		2024		2023		Change		%
Revenue	$	4,651	$	6,366	$	(1,715)	(27)	%	$	15,679	$	15,063	$	616	4	%
Operating Expenses
Direct costs		6,973		7,183		(210)	(3)	%		16,700		20,354		(3,654)	(18)	%
Research and development		17,319		14,236		3,083	22	%		54,718		40,391		14,327	35	%
Selling, general and administrative		7,950		6,444		1,506	23	%		24,570		19,307		5,263	27	%
Total operating expenses		32,242		27,863		4,379	16	%		95,988		80,052		15,936	20	%
Operating Loss		(27,591)		(21,497)		(6,094)	(28)	%		(80,309)		(64,989)		(15,320)	(24)	%
Nonoperating Income and Expense
Interest income		4,251		5,213		(962)	(18)	%		13,707		15,041		(1,334)	(9)	%
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		1,591		1,155		436	38	%		1,793		3,480		(1,687)	(48)	%
Interest expense		(11)		(13)		2	(15)	%		(37)		(39)		2	5	%
Other expense		(283)		—		(283)	NM			(167)		—		(167)	NM
Total nonoperating income and expense		5,548		6,355	$	(807)	(13)	%	$	15,296		18,482	$	(3,186)	(17)	%
Pretax Loss	$	(22,043)	$	(15,142)	$	(6,901)	46	%	$	(65,013)	$	(46,507)	$	(18,506)	40	%
Income tax expense		376		—	$	376	NM		$	887		—	$	887	NM
Net Loss Attributable to Common Stockholders	$	(22,419)	$	(15,142)	$	(7,277)	48	%	$	(65,900)	$	(46,507)	$	(19,393)	(42)	%
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		2,058		(215)		2,273	NM			1,468		2		1,466	NM
Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Common Stockholders	$	(20,361)	$	(15,357)	$	(5,004)	33	%	$	(64,432)	$	(46,505)	$	(17,927)	(39)	%

NM = Not meaningful

The key factors driving results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, including the increased operating loss as compared to the corresponding periods in 2023, were as follows:

●

Revenue decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to 2023, primarily due to timing of completion of BMW JDA milestones in 2024. Revenue increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to 2023, primarily as a result of the commencement of performance under the SK On Agreements. Revenue for 2024 is anticipated to increase, as compared to 2023, primarily due to timing and completion of milestones under the SK On Agreements and continued execution on the BMW JDA.

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●

Direct costs decreased for the periods, as compared to 2023, primarily due to the timing of labor and materials related to milestones within our agreements in conjunction with improved margins on our projects. Direct costs are anticipated to decrease for 2024, as compared to 2023, due to improved margins on our projects.

●

Research and development costs increased for the periods, as compared to 2023, primarily due to the development efforts focused on improving our electrolyte and continued advancement of our A-2 sample cell designs. We expect this trend to continue for the remainder of 2024.

●

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased for the periods, as compared to 2023, primarily due to workforce development, transactional costs, and strengthening our presence in Korea. We expect selling, general and administrative expenses to increase for 2024, as compared to 2023, due to the same factors.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources of Liquidity

The sale of equity has historically been our primary source of cash, with a smaller portion of cash coming from performance milestones on our JDAs and government contracts.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had total liquidity, as set forth below:


(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	37,969	$	34,537
Marketable securities		94,041		141,505
Investments		216,062		239,566
Total liquidity	$	348,072	$	415,608

As of September 30, 2024, contract receivables were $2.6 million, deferred revenue was $6.7 million, and total current liabilities were $20.3 million. As of December 31, 2023, contract receivables were $1.6 million, deferred revenue and deferred revenue from related parties was $0.8 million, and total current liabilities were $15.9 million.

Short-Term Liquidity Requirements

Short-term liquidity requirements include operating and capital expenses needed to further research and development programs and to further optimize pilot production lines and electrolyte manufacturing capabilities. We anticipate that our most significant capital expenditures for the remainder of 2024 will relate to enhancing the capabilities of our electrolyte production facility, including completion of an EIC that we expect to place fully in service by the end of 2024. We expect to fund our short-term liquidity requirements through our cash on hand and other liquid assets.

Long-Term Liquidity Requirements

We believe that our cash on hand is sufficient to meet our operating cash needs and working capital and capital expenditure requirements for a period of at least the next 12 months and longer term until adequate cash flows from licensing activities and/or electrolyte sales can be generated. We also believe that we have adequate cash on hand for our stock repurchase program should we choose to execute additional share repurchases.

However, we may require additional liquidity sources if there are material changes to our business conditions or other developments, including changes to our operating plan, development progress, or negotiations with OEMs, cell manufacturers, or other suppliers, market adoption of EVs, supply chain challenges, competitive pressures, inflation, and regulatory developments. To the extent that our resources are insufficient to satisfy our cash requirements, we may need to seek additional equity or debt financing. We also may opportunistically seek to enhance our liquidity through equity or debt financing, if such financing becomes available on terms that we consider favorable. If financing is not available, or if the terms of financing are unfavorable, we may be forced to take actions to reduce our capital or operating expenditures, which may adversely affect our development, business, operating results, financial condition and prospects.

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Stock Repurchase Program

On January 23, 2024, we announced that our Board approved a stock repurchase program authorizing us to purchase up to $50 million of our outstanding common stock. Under the stock repurchase program, we may purchase shares of our common stock from time to time until the repurchase program expires on December 31, 2025. The shares of common stock may be purchased on the open market, in unsolicited negotiated transactions, or in any manner that complies with the provisions of Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. Management’s decision to repurchase shares of common stock will depend on a number of factors, such as the price of the common stock, economic and market conditions, and corporate and regulatory requirements. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we repurchased 5,000,000 shares of common stock at an average price of $1.64 per share for an aggregate cost of approximately $8.36 million.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities for the periods presented:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Net cash and cash equivalents used in operating activities	$	(50,030)	$	(51,651)
Net cash and cash equivalents provided by investing activities	$	62,139	$	28,955
Net cash and cash equivalents provided by (used in) financing activities	$	(8,677)	$	31

Cash used in operating activities:

Cash used in operating activities decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the same period in 2024. The decrease was largely attributable to increased depreciation and amortization expenses as a result of placing SP2 in service, increased deferred revenue as a result of receipt of payment related to a collaborative arrangement ahead of services provided, and decreased contract receivables as a result of receipt of payment from our collaborative arrangements associated with completion of milestones. This benefit was partially offset by increased operating losses, which were driven by a continued increase in research and development and selling, general and administrative costs.

Cash provided by investing activities:

Cash provided by investing activities increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the same period in 2024 primarily due to the net effect of proceeds from the sales of marketable securities and decreased capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment.

Cash provided by (used in) financing activities:

Cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was predominantly related to the effect of cash utilized for the stock repurchase program and withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation. These payments were offset by proceeds from the issuance of shares of common stock under the ESPP and exercise of stock options. Cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily from the exercise of stock options and proceeds from the sale of common stock under the ESPP, partially offset by cash paid for withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation and payments on finance lease liabilities.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We are not a party to any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined under SEC rules.

Critical Accounting Estimates

There were no significant and material changes in our critical accounting policies and use of estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to those disclosed in “Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Estimates” in our 2023 Form 10-K.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 of our unaudited financial statements included in this Report as well as Note 2 of our audited financial statements included in our 2023 Form 10-K for more information.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are a smaller reporting company as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act. As a result, pursuant to Item 305(e) of Regulation S-K, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired controls. As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act, our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2024.

Based upon that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2024 covered by this Report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may become involved in litigation or other legal proceedings. We are not currently a party to any litigation or legal proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse effect on our business. Regardless of outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources, and other factors.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our business, prospects, reputation, results of operations, and financial condition, as well as the price of our common stock and warrants, can be affected by a number of factors, whether currently known or unknown, including those described in “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our 2023 Form 10-K. When any one or more of these risks materialize from time to time, our business, reputation, results of operations, and financial condition, as well as the price of our common stock and warrants, can be materially and adversely affected. There have been no material changes to our risk factors since our 2023 Form 10-K.

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Item 6. Exhibits


		Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Number	Description	Schedule Form	File Number	Exhibit/Annex	Filing Date
3.1	Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation	8-K	001-40284	3.1	December 13, 2021
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws	8-K	001-40284	3.1	November 21, 2022
10.1±	Amendment No. 6 to Joint Development Agreement, effective September 30, 2024, between Solid Power Operating, Inc. and BMW of North America, LLC	8-K	001-40284	10.1	October 1, 2024
10.2±#	Separation and Release Agreement with Kevin Paprzycki, dated July 11, 2024	10-Q	001-40284	10.3	August 7, 2024
10.3	Third Amendment to Lease, dated August 20, 2024, between Solid Power Operating, Inc. and Red Pierce, LLC	8-K	001-40284	10.1	August 21, 2024
31.1*	Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
31.2*	Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
32.1**	Section 1350 Certification
32.2**	Section 1350 Certification
101.INS*	XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data file because its Inline XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Document
101.LAB*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
104*	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

± Certain portions of this exhibit have been omitted in accordance with Regulation S-K Item 601. The Company agrees to furnish an unredacted copy of the exhibit to the SEC upon request.

# Indicates a management or compensatory plan.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


Date: November 8, 2024	Solid Power, Inc.


	By:	/s/ John Van Scoter
	Name:	John Van Scoter
	Title:	President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director
	(Principal Executive Officer)


	By:	/s/ Linda Heller
	Name:	Linda Heller
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
	(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION

302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, John Van Scoter, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Solid Power, Inc. for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date: November 8, 2024

	By:	/s/ John Van Scoter
	John Van Scoter
	President and Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION

302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Linda Heller, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Solid Power, Inc. for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024;

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date: November 8, 2024

	By:	/s/ Linda Heller
	Linda Heller
	Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
	(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Solid Power, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2024 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, to the best of my knowledge, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.	The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.	The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


Date: November 8, 2024

	By:	/s/ John Van Scoter
	John Van Scoter
	President and Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

1.	The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.	The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.



Date: November 8, 2024

	By:	/s/ Linda Heller
	Linda Heller
	Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
	(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - shares	Sep. 30, 2024	Nov. 06, 2024
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Securities Act File Number	001-40284
Entity Registrant Name	SOLID POWER, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	86-1888095
Entity Address, Address Line One	486 S. Pierce Ave., Suite E
Entity Address, City or Town	Louisville
Entity Address, State or Province	CO
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	80027
City Area Code	303
Local Phone Number	219-0720
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		180,387,669
Entity Central Index Key	0001844862
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false
Common stock
Title of 12(b) Security	Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share
Trading Symbol	SLDP
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50
Title of 12(b) Security	Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of common stock at an exercise price of $11.50
Trading Symbol	SLDPW
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 37,969	$ 34,537
Marketable securities	94,041	141,505
Contract receivables	2,614	1,553
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	5,280	5,523
Total current assets	139,904	183,118
Long-Term Assets
Property, plant and equipment, net	99,787	99,156
Right-of-use operating lease assets, net	6,832	7,154
Right-of-use finance lease assets, net	914	1,088
Investments	216,062	239,566
Intangible assets, net	1,953	1,650
Other assets	5,428	1,060
Total long-term assets	330,976	349,674
Total assets	470,880	532,792
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	7,030	6,455
Deferred revenue	6,735	1
Deferred revenue from related parties		828
Accrued compensation	5,562	7,590
Operating lease liabilities	690	626
Finance lease liabilities	329	379
Total current liabilities	20,346	15,879
Long-Term Liabilities
Warrant liabilities	2,434	4,227
Operating lease liabilities	7,469	7,996
Finance lease liabilities	319	552
Other liabilities	862	803
Total long-term liabilities	11,084	13,578
Total liabilities	31,430	29,457
Stockholders' Equity
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value; 2,000,000,000 shares authorized; 179,633,575 and 179,010,884 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	18	18
Additional paid-in capital	589,062	588,515
Accumulated deficit	(150,539)	(84,639)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	909	(559)
Total stockholders' equity	439,450	503,335
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 470,880	$ 532,792

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
Common stock, par value	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	2,000,000,000	2,000,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	179,633,575	179,010,884
Common stock, shares outstanding	179,633,575	179,010,884

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited)
Revenue	$ 4,651	$ 6,366	$ 15,679	$ 15,063
Operating Expenses
Direct costs	6,973	7,183	16,700	20,354
Research and development	17,319	14,236	54,718	40,391
Selling, general and administrative	7,950	6,444	24,570	19,307
Total operating expenses	32,242	27,863	95,988	80,052
Operating Loss	(27,591)	(21,497)	(80,309)	(64,989)
Nonoperating Income and Expense
Interest income	4,251	5,213	13,707	15,041
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	1,591	1,155	1,793	3,480
Interest expense	(11)	(13)	(37)	(39)
Other expense	(283)		(167)
Total nonoperating income and expense	5,548	6,355	15,296	18,482
Pretax Loss	(22,043)	(15,142)	(65,013)	(46,507)
Income tax expense	376		887
Net Loss Attributable to Common Stockholders	(22,419)	(15,142)	(65,900)	(46,507)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	2,058	(215)	1,468	2
Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Common Stockholders	$ (20,361)	$ (15,357)	$ (64,432)	$ (46,505)
Basic loss per share	$ (0.13)	$ (0.08)	$ (0.37)	$ (0.26)
Diluted loss per share	$ (0.13)	$ (0.08)	$ (0.37)	$ (0.26)
Weighted average shares outstanding - Basic	179,160,488	178,388,926	179,177,452	177,800,915
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted	179,160,488	178,388,926	179,177,452	177,800,915

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock	Additional paid-in capital	Accumulated deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Total
Balance at the beginning at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 18	$ 577,603	$ (19,090)	$ (3,159)	$ 555,372
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	176,007,184
Changes in stockholder's equity
Net loss			(31,363)		(31,363)
Withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation		(111)	84		(27)
Shares of common stock issued under ESPP		214			214
Shares of common stock issued under ESPP (in shares)	129,928
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs (in shares)	163,148
Stock options exercised		183			183
Stock options exercised (in shares)	2,026,630
Stock-based compensation expense		5,145			5,145
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities				(213)	(213)
Balance at the end at Jun. 30, 2023	$ 18	583,034	(50,369)	(3,372)	529,311
Balance at the end (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023	178,326,890
Balance at the beginning at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 18	577,603	(19,090)	(3,159)	555,372
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	176,007,184
Changes in stockholder's equity
Net loss					(46,507)
Shares of common stock issued under ESPP (in shares)	129,928
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs (in shares)	195,590
Stock options exercised (in shares)	2,084,695
Balance at the end at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 18	586,347	(65,596)	(3,157)	517,612
Balance at the end (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	178,417,397
Balance at the beginning at Jun. 30, 2023	$ 18	583,034	(50,369)	(3,372)	529,311
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023	178,326,890
Changes in stockholder's equity
Net loss			(15,142)		(15,142)
Withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation			(85)		(85)
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs (in shares)	32,442
Stock options exercised		11			11
Stock options exercised (in shares)	58,065
Stock-based compensation expense		3,302			3,302
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities				215	215
Balance at the end at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 18	586,347	(65,596)	(3,157)	517,612
Balance at the end (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023	178,417,397
Balance at the beginning at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 18	588,515	(84,639)	(559)	503,335
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	179,010,884
Changes in stockholder's equity
Net loss			(43,481)		(43,481)
Withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation		(479)			(479)
Shares of common stock issued under ESPP		238			238
Shares of common stock issued under ESPP (in shares)	187,614
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs (in shares)	851,216
Stock options exercised		197			197
Stock options exercised (in shares)	3,590,897
Shares of common stock repurchased	(5,000,000)
Repurchase and retirement of shares of common stock		(8,356)			(8,356)
Stock-based compensation expense		5,914			5,914
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities				(590)	(590)
Balance at the end at Jun. 30, 2024	$ 18	586,029	(128,120)	(1,149)	456,778
Balance at the end (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024	178,640,611
Balance at the beginning at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 18	588,515	(84,639)	(559)	503,335
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	179,010,884
Changes in stockholder's equity
Net loss					$ (65,900)
Shares of common stock issued under ESPP (in shares)	187,614
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs (in shares)	1,012,058
Stock options exercised (in shares)	4,423,019
Shares of common stock repurchased	(5,000,000)				(5,000,000)
Repurchase and retirement of shares of common stock					$ (8,355)
Balance at the end at Sep. 30, 2024	$ 18	589,062	(150,539)	909	439,450
Balance at the end (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024	179,633,575
Balance at the beginning at Jun. 30, 2024	$ 18	586,029	(128,120)	(1,149)	456,778
Balance at the beginning (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024	178,640,611
Changes in stockholder's equity
Net loss			(22,419)		(22,419)
Withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation		(75)			(75)
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs (in shares)	160,842
Stock options exercised		35			$ 35
Stock options exercised (in shares)	832,122
Shares of common stock repurchased					0
Stock-based compensation expense		3,073			$ 3,073
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities				2,058	2,058
Balance at the end at Sep. 30, 2024	$ 18	$ 589,062	$ (150,539)	$ 909	$ 439,450
Balance at the end (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024	179,633,575

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net loss	$ (65,900)	$ (46,507)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash and cash equivalents from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	11,991	7,805
Amortization of right-of-use assets	642	566
Stock-based compensation expense	8,987	8,447
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(1,793)	(3,480)
Accretion of discounts on other long-term liabilities	52
Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on marketable securities	(6,260)	(8,297)
Change in operating assets and liabilities that provided (used) cash and cash equivalents:
Contract receivables	(1,061)	(1,403)
Contract receivables from related parties		(5,048)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	707	297
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities	(664)	207
Deferred revenue	6,734	(50)
Deferred revenue from related parties	(828)	(4,000)
Accrued compensation	(2,027)	218
Operating lease liabilities	(610)	(406)
Net cash and cash equivalents used in operating activities	(50,030)	(51,651)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(11,236)	(29,526)
Purchases of marketable securities and investments	(174,040)	(256,584)
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities and investments	252,177	315,493
Cash paid for note receivable to an independent contractor	(4,448)
Purchases of intangible assets	(314)	(428)
Net cash and cash equivalents provided by investing activities	62,139	28,955
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Payments of debt		(7)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	232	194
Proceeds from issuance of shares of common stock under the ESPP	238	214
Cash paid for withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation	(554)	(111)
Repurchase of shares of common stock	(8,274)
Payments on finance lease liabilities	(319)	(259)
Net cash and cash equivalents provided by (used in) financing activities	(8,677)	31
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	3,432	(22,665)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	34,537	50,123
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	37,969	27,458
Supplemental information
Cash paid for interest	37	39
Accrued capital expenditures	$ 2,041	$ 2,309

Nature of Business

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Nature of Business

Nature of Business

Note 1 – Nature of Business

Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Income Taxes

Segment Reporting

Property, Plant and Equipment

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, Plant and Equipment

Note 3 – Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are summarized as follows:


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Production equipment	$	40,328	$	36,086
Laboratory equipment		11,524		9,910
Leasehold improvements		70,793		59,109
Furniture and computer equipment		4,046		3,915
Construction in progress		8,585		13,650
Total cost		135,276		122,670
Accumulated depreciation		(35,489)		(23,514)
Net property and equipment	$	99,787	$	99,156

Depreciation expense related to property, plant and equipment are summarized as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Depreciation expense	$	4,014	$	2,896	$	11,980	$	7,794


Construction in progress	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
SP1 - Capital projects	$	4,722	$	2,298
SP2 - Increased scale electrolyte production		3,863		11,352
Total	$	8,585	$	13,650

Intangible Assets

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets

Note 4 – Intangible Assets

Intangible assets of the Company are summarized as follows:


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Gross Carrying		Accumulated		Gross Carrying		Accumulated
	Amount		Amortization		Amount		Amortization
Intangible assets:
Licenses	$	149	$	(67)	$	149	$	(61)
Patents		135		(10)		92		(5)
Patents pending		1,708		—		1,444		—
Trademarks		13		—		13		—
Trademarks pending		25		—		18		—
Total amortized intangible assets	$	2,030	$	(77)	$	1,716	$	(66)

Amortization expense for intangible assets is summarized as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Amortization expense	$	4	$	3	$	11	$	11

Useful lives of intangible assets range from three to 20 years. Amortization expenses are allocated ratably across Operating Expenses based on Company personnel costs incurred.

Collaborative Arrangement

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Collaborative Arrangement

Collaborative Arrangement

Note 5 – Collaborative Arrangement

Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Note 6 – Fair Value Measurements

Assets and Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis


	September 30, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Commercial Paper	$	44,464	$	—	$	—	$	44,464
Corporate Bonds	$	216,075	$	—	$	—	$	216,075
Government Bonds	$	32,618	$	—	$	—	$	32,618
U.S. Treasuries	$	16,946	$	—	$	—	$	16,946

Liabilities
Public Warrants	$	1,450	$	—	$	—	$	1,450
Private Placement Warrants	$	—	$	984	$	—	$	984


	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Commercial Paper	$	84,909	$	—	$	—	$	84,909
Corporate Bonds	$	239,473	$	—	$	—	$	239,473
Government Bonds	$	56,689	$	—	$	—	$	56,689

Liabilities
Public Warrants	$	2,505	$	—	$	—	$	2,505
Private Placement Warrants	$	—	$	1,722	$	—	$	1,722

Fair Value of Warrants

The following table provides quantitative information regarding Level 2 inputs used in the recurring valuation of the Private Placement Warrants as of their measurement dates:


	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Exercise price	$	11.50		$	11.50
Stock price	$	1.35		$	1.45
Volatility		99.0	%		95.0	%
Term (in years)		2.19			2.94
Risk-free rate		3.58	%		3.94	%


	Public Warrants		Private Placement Warrants
	Level 1 Fair Value		Level 2 Fair Value
December 31, 2023	$	0.19	$	0.28
Change in fair value	$	0.01	$	0.06
March 31, 2024	$	0.20	$	0.34
Change in fair value	$	(0.03)	$	(0.05)
June 30, 2024	$	0.17	$	0.29
Change in fair value	$	(0.06)	$	(0.13)
September 30, 2024	$	0.11	$	0.16

The following tables provides a reconciliation of the change in fair value for the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants for the three months ended September 30, 2024:


					Three Months Change in
Warrant Class	Level	Warrants	June 30, 2024		Fair Value		September 30, 2024
Public Warrants	1	13,182,501	$	2,241	$	(791)	$	1,450
Private Placement Warrants	2	6,150,802	$	1,784	$	(800)	$	984
Total		19,333,303	$	4,025	$	(1,591)	$	2,434

The following tables provides a reconciliation of the change in fair value for the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:


					Nine Months Change in
Warrant Class	Level	Warrants	December 31, 2023		Fair Value		September 30, 2024
Public Warrants	1	13,182,501	$	2,505	$	(1,055)	$	1,450
Private Placement Warrants	2	6,150,802	$	1,722	$	(738)	$	984
Total		19,333,303	$	4,227	$	(1,793)	$	2,434

Warrant Liabilities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Warrant Liabilities.

Warrant Liabilities

Note 7 – Warrant Liabilities

The table below provides a summary of the outstanding Public and Private Placement Warrants at:


	September 30, 2024	December 31, 2023
Public Warrants	13,182,501	13,182,501
Private Placement Warrants	6,150,802	6,150,802


		September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Fair value of warrant liabilities	$	2,434	$	4,227

The table below provides the Company’s gain recognized in connection with changes in fair value of warrant liabilities:


		Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2024		2023
Gain recognized associated with warrant liabilities	$	1,793	$	3,480

There have been no changes to our Public or Private Placement Warrants, including redemption terms disclosed in our 2023 Form 10-K.

Stockholders' Equity

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity

Note 8 – Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock


	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024	2023	2024	2023
Stock options exercised	832,122	58,065	4,423,019	2,084,695
Shares of common stock repurchased	—	—	(5,000,000)	—
Shares of common stock issued under the ESPP	—	—	187,614	129,928
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs	160,842	32,442	1,012,058	195,590

The table below presents the cash received or paid associated with common stock related activities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2024		2023		2024		2023
Cash received from stock options exercised	$	35	$	11	$	232	$	194
Cash received from shares of common stock issued under the ESPP		—		—		238		214
Cash paid for shares of common stock repurchased		—		—		(8,274)		—

Stock Repurchase Program


	Shares		Aggregate cost		Avg. Price Paid Per Share
Repurchased and retired shares of common stock	5,000,000	$	8,355	$	1.64

Stock Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Stock Based Compensation

Stock Based Compensation

Note 9 – Stock-Based Compensation

There have been no changes to our equity incentive plans, the ESPP, or our accounting methodology for stock-based compensation, as disclosed in our 2023 Form 10-K.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized compensation costs totaling:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Stock-based compensation costs related to RSUs	$	1,499	$	1,248	$	4,107	$	2,839
Stock-based compensation costs related to stock options		1,529		2,012		4,756		5,486
Stock-based compensation costs related to the ESPP		45		42		124		122
Total stock-based compensation costs	$	3,073	$	3,302	$	8,987	$	8,447

The unrecognized future compensation costs as of September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $22,407 and $31,843, respectively.

The following table summarizes our award activity for RSUs and stock options for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024:



	RSUs	Stock Options
Balance at December 31, 2023	4,473,016		24,264,016
Granted	3,159,872		4,566,167
Vested or Exercised	(264,754)		(2,360,316)
Forfeited	(72,619)		(842,395)
Balance at March 31, 2024	7,295,515		25,627,472
Granted	2,162,222		1,757,960
Vested or Exercised	(867,515)		(1,230,581)
Forfeited	(886,343)		(1,873,843)
Balance at June 30, 2024	7,703,879		24,281,008
Granted	562,463		—
Vested or Exercised	(206,133)		(832,122)
Forfeited	(333,651)		(1,406,329)
Balance at September 30, 2024	7,726,558		22,042,557

Stock Options


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023
Approximate risk‑free rate		4.23	%		4.17	%
Volatility		48.10	%		46.91	%
Average expected life (in years)		6			6
Dividend yield		—	%		—	%
Weighted‑average grant date fair value	$	1.59		$	2.80
Estimated fair value of total stock options granted	$	5,175		$	7,815

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share

Note 10 – Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share

Basic loss per share represents net loss attributable to common stock divided by the basic weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.

The table below sets forth the basic and diluted loss per share calculation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(22,419)	$	(15,142)	$	(65,900)	$	(46,507)
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic and diluted		179,160,488		178,388,926		179,177,452		177,800,915
Basic and diluted loss per share	$	(0.13)	$	(0.08)	$	(0.37)	$	(0.26)


	September 30,
	2024	2023
Warrants	19,333,303	19,333,303
2014 Plan & 2021 Plan - Stock Options	23,497,907	26,386,130
2021 Plan - RSUs	6,764,178	3,192,511
ESPP - Common Stock	167,548	120,339
Total potentially dilutive securities	49,762,936	49,032,283

Leases

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Leases

Leases

Note 11 – Leases

The Company has certain equipment leases classified as finance leases as of September 30, 2024.

The Company’s leases do not have any contingent rent payments and do not contain residual value guarantees.

The components of lease expense are as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Finance lease costs:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$	58	$	50	$	174	$	141
Interest on lease liabilities		11		13		37		38
Operating lease costs		302		290		883		870
Total lease expense	$	371	$	353	$	1,094	$	1,049

The components of cash flow information related to leases are as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating outgoing cash flows – finance leases	$	11	$	13	$	38	$	39
Financing outgoing cash flows – finance leases		95		79		281		220
Operating outgoing cash flows – operating leases		441		284		1,025		851
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities:		—		124		—		213
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities:		148		—		148		—


	September 30, 2024
Finance lease
Weighted-average remaining lease term – finance leases (in years)	2.3
Weighted-average discount rate – finance leases	6.6	%
Operating lease
Weighted-average remaining lease term – operating leases (in years)	8.5
Weighted-average discount rate – operating leases	6.8	%

As of September 30, 2024, future minimum payments during the next five years and thereafter are as follows:


Fiscal year	Finance Lease		Operating Lease
2024 (remaining three months)	$	106	$	296
2025		310		1,210
2026		179		1,248
2027		85		1,288
2028		16		1,329
2029		—		1,211
Thereafter		—		4,031
Total		696		10,613
Less present value discount		(48)		(2,454)
Total lease liabilities	$	648	$	8,159

Related Party Transactions

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Related Party Transactions

Related Party Transactions

Note 12 – Related Party Transactions

Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Note 13 – Income Taxes

Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Contingencies

Contingencies

Note 14 – Contingencies

Subsequent Events

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events

Note 15 – Subsequent Events

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	9 Months Ended
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Sep. 30, 2024
Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation	Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared on the basis of GAAP and reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position and results of operations at, and for, the periods presented. The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. All dollar amounts presented herein are in U.S. dollars and are in thousands, except par value and share and per share amounts. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Additionally, certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Recent Accounting Pronouncements Income Taxes In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740) Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ASU 2023-09 requires companies to disclose, on an annual basis, specific categories in the effective tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. In addition, ASU 2023-09 requires companies to disclose additional information about income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 will be effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2025 and will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. The Company is evaluating the disclosure impact of ASU 2023-09. Segment Reporting In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07 Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. Among other new disclosure requirements, ASU 2023-07 requires companies to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker, or CODM. ASU 2023-07 will be effective for annual periods beginning on January 1, 2024 and interim periods beginning on January 1, 2025. ASU 2023-07 must be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions and impact this ASU will have when adopted for the year ended December 31, 2024 and anticipates that it may result in additional required disclosures in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Property, Plant and Equipment (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Property, Plant and Equipment

Schedule of property and equipment


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Production equipment	$	40,328	$	36,086
Laboratory equipment		11,524		9,910
Leasehold improvements		70,793		59,109
Furniture and computer equipment		4,046		3,915
Construction in progress		8,585		13,650
Total cost		135,276		122,670
Accumulated depreciation		(35,489)		(23,514)
Net property and equipment	$	99,787	$	99,156

Schedule of depreciation and amortization expense


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Depreciation expense	$	4,014	$	2,896	$	11,980	$	7,794

Schedule of construction in progress


Construction in progress	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
SP1 - Capital projects	$	4,722	$	2,298
SP2 - Increased scale electrolyte production		3,863		11,352
Total	$	8,585	$	13,650

Intangible Assets (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Intangible Assets

Schedule of intangible assets


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Gross Carrying		Accumulated		Gross Carrying		Accumulated
	Amount		Amortization		Amount		Amortization
Intangible assets:
Licenses	$	149	$	(67)	$	149	$	(61)
Patents		135		(10)		92		(5)
Patents pending		1,708		—		1,444		—
Trademarks		13		—		13		—
Trademarks pending		25		—		18		—
Total amortized intangible assets	$	2,030	$	(77)	$	1,716	$	(66)

Schedule of amortization expense for intangible assets


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Amortization expense	$	4	$	3	$	11	$	11

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Fair Value Measurements

Schedule of financial assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis


	September 30, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Commercial Paper	$	44,464	$	—	$	—	$	44,464
Corporate Bonds	$	216,075	$	—	$	—	$	216,075
Government Bonds	$	32,618	$	—	$	—	$	32,618
U.S. Treasuries	$	16,946	$	—	$	—	$	16,946

Liabilities
Public Warrants	$	1,450	$	—	$	—	$	1,450
Private Placement Warrants	$	—	$	984	$	—	$	984


	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Commercial Paper	$	84,909	$	—	$	—	$	84,909
Corporate Bonds	$	239,473	$	—	$	—	$	239,473
Government Bonds	$	56,689	$	—	$	—	$	56,689

Liabilities
Public Warrants	$	2,505	$	—	$	—	$	2,505
Private Placement Warrants	$	—	$	1,722	$	—	$	1,722

Schedule of Level 2 inputs used in the recurring valuation of the Private Placement Warrants


	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Exercise price	$	11.50		$	11.50
Stock price	$	1.35		$	1.45
Volatility		99.0	%		95.0	%
Term (in years)		2.19			2.94
Risk-free rate		3.58	%		3.94	%

Schedule of reconciliation of warrants measured at fair value


	Public Warrants		Private Placement Warrants
	Level 1 Fair Value		Level 2 Fair Value
December 31, 2023	$	0.19	$	0.28
Change in fair value	$	0.01	$	0.06
March 31, 2024	$	0.20	$	0.34
Change in fair value	$	(0.03)	$	(0.05)
June 30, 2024	$	0.17	$	0.29
Change in fair value	$	(0.06)	$	(0.13)
September 30, 2024	$	0.11	$	0.16

Schedule of fair value of warrant liabilities


					Three Months Change in
Warrant Class	Level	Warrants	June 30, 2024		Fair Value		September 30, 2024
Public Warrants	1	13,182,501	$	2,241	$	(791)	$	1,450
Private Placement Warrants	2	6,150,802	$	1,784	$	(800)	$	984
Total		19,333,303	$	4,025	$	(1,591)	$	2,434


					Nine Months Change in
Warrant Class	Level	Warrants	December 31, 2023		Fair Value		September 30, 2024
Public Warrants	1	13,182,501	$	2,505	$	(1,055)	$	1,450
Private Placement Warrants	2	6,150,802	$	1,722	$	(738)	$	984
Total		19,333,303	$	4,227	$	(1,793)	$	2,434

Warrant Liabilities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Warrant Liabilities.

Summary of the outstanding Public and Private Placement Warrants


	September 30, 2024	December 31, 2023
Public Warrants	13,182,501	13,182,501
Private Placement Warrants	6,150,802	6,150,802

Schedule of fair value of warrant liabilities


		September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Fair value of warrant liabilities	$	2,434	$	4,227

Schedule of gain from changes in fair value of Warrant Liabilities


		Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2024		2023
Gain recognized associated with warrant liabilities	$	1,793	$	3,480

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Stockholders' Equity

Schedule of stock options exercised for common stock


	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024	2023	2024	2023
Stock options exercised	832,122	58,065	4,423,019	2,084,695
Shares of common stock repurchased	—	—	(5,000,000)	—
Shares of common stock issued under the ESPP	—	—	187,614	129,928
Shares of common stock issued for vested RSUs	160,842	32,442	1,012,058	195,590

Schedule of cash received associated with common stock related activities


	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2024		2023		2024		2023
Cash received from stock options exercised	$	35	$	11	$	232	$	194
Cash received from shares of common stock issued under the ESPP		—		—		238		214
Cash paid for shares of common stock repurchased		—		—		(8,274)		—

Schedule of number of shares repurchased and retired, aggregate cost, and the average purchase price


	Shares		Aggregate cost		Avg. Price Paid Per Share
Repurchased and retired shares of common stock	5,000,000	$	8,355	$	1.64

Stock Based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Stock Based Compensation

Schedule of recognized & allocated compensation costs


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Stock-based compensation costs related to RSUs	$	1,499	$	1,248	$	4,107	$	2,839
Stock-based compensation costs related to stock options		1,529		2,012		4,756		5,486
Stock-based compensation costs related to the ESPP		45		42		124		122
Total stock-based compensation costs	$	3,073	$	3,302	$	8,987	$	8,447

Schedule of award activity for stock options and RSU's



	RSUs	Stock Options
Balance at December 31, 2023	4,473,016		24,264,016
Granted	3,159,872		4,566,167
Vested or Exercised	(264,754)		(2,360,316)
Forfeited	(72,619)		(842,395)
Balance at March 31, 2024	7,295,515		25,627,472
Granted	2,162,222		1,757,960
Vested or Exercised	(867,515)		(1,230,581)
Forfeited	(886,343)		(1,873,843)
Balance at June 30, 2024	7,703,879		24,281,008
Granted	562,463		—
Vested or Exercised	(206,133)		(832,122)
Forfeited	(333,651)		(1,406,329)
Balance at September 30, 2024	7,726,558		22,042,557

Schedule of fair value of each option using the Black-Scholes option pricing model


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024			2023
Approximate risk‑free rate		4.23	%		4.17	%
Volatility		48.10	%		46.91	%
Average expected life (in years)		6			6
Dividend yield		—	%		—	%
Weighted‑average grant date fair value	$	1.59		$	2.80
Estimated fair value of total stock options granted	$	5,175		$	7,815

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share

Schedule of reconciliation of basic weighted average common shares outstanding to diluted weighted average shares outstanding


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(22,419)	$	(15,142)	$	(65,900)	$	(46,507)
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic and diluted		179,160,488		178,388,926		179,177,452		177,800,915
Basic and diluted loss per share	$	(0.13)	$	(0.08)	$	(0.37)	$	(0.26)

Schedule of potentially dilutive securities excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation


	September 30,
	2024	2023
Warrants	19,333,303	19,333,303
2014 Plan & 2021 Plan - Stock Options	23,497,907	26,386,130
2021 Plan - RSUs	6,764,178	3,192,511
ESPP - Common Stock	167,548	120,339
Total potentially dilutive securities	49,762,936	49,032,283

Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Leases

Schedule of components of lease related expense


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Finance lease costs:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$	58	$	50	$	174	$	141
Interest on lease liabilities		11		13		37		38
Operating lease costs		302		290		883		870
Total lease expense	$	371	$	353	$	1,094	$	1,049

Schedule of components of cash flow information related to leases


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Operating outgoing cash flows – finance leases	$	11	$	13	$	38	$	39
Financing outgoing cash flows – finance leases		95		79		281		220
Operating outgoing cash flows – operating leases		441		284		1,025		851
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities:		—		124		—		213
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities:		148		—		148		—

Schedule of remaining weighted-average lease term and weighted-average discount rate


	September 30, 2024
Finance lease
Weighted-average remaining lease term – finance leases (in years)	2.3
Weighted-average discount rate – finance leases	6.6	%
Operating lease
Weighted-average remaining lease term – operating leases (in years)	8.5
Weighted-average discount rate – operating leases	6.8	%

Schedule of future minimum payments under finance lease

As of September 30, 2024, future minimum payments during the next five years and thereafter are as follows:


Fiscal year	Finance Lease		Operating Lease
2024 (remaining three months)	$	106	$	296
2025		310		1,210
2026		179		1,248
2027		85		1,288
2028		16		1,329
2029		—		1,211
Thereafter		—		4,031
Total		696		10,613
Less present value discount		(48)		(2,454)
Total lease liabilities	$	648	$	8,159

Schedule of future minimum payments under operating lease

As of September 30, 2024, future minimum payments during the next five years and thereafter are as follows:


Fiscal year	Finance Lease		Operating Lease
2024 (remaining three months)	$	106	$	296
2025		310		1,210
2026		179		1,248
2027		85		1,288
2028		16		1,329
2029		—		1,211
Thereafter		—		4,031
Total		696		10,613
Less present value discount		(48)		(2,454)
Total lease liabilities	$	648	$	8,159

Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment
Total cost	$ 135,276	$ 122,670
Accumulated depreciation	(35,489)	(23,514)
Net property and equipment	99,787	99,156
Production equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment
Total cost	40,328	36,086
Laboratory equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment
Total cost	11,524	9,910
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment
Total cost	70,793	59,109
Furniture and computer equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment
Total cost	4,046	3,915
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment
Total cost	$ 8,585	$ 13,650

Property, Plant and Equipment - Depreciation expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment
Depreciation expense			$ 11,991	$ 7,805
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment
Depreciation expense	$ 4,014	$ 2,896	$ 11,980	$ 7,794

Property, Plant and Equipment - Construction in progress (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment
Construction in progress	$ 8,585	$ 13,650
Sp1 Capital Projects
Property, Plant and Equipment
Construction in progress	4,722	2,298
SP2 - Increased scale electrolyte production
Property, Plant and Equipment
Construction in progress	$ 3,863	$ 11,352

Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Intangible assets:
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 2,030		$ 2,030		$ 1,716
Accumulated Amortization	(77)		(77)		(66)
Amortization expense	$ 4	$ 3	$ 11	$ 11
Minimum
Intangible assets:
Useful lives of intangible assets	3 years		3 years
Maximum
Intangible assets:
Useful lives of intangible assets	20 years		20 years
Licenses
Intangible assets:
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 149		$ 149		149
Accumulated Amortization	(67)		(67)		(61)
Patents
Intangible assets:
Gross Carrying Amount	135		135		92
Accumulated Amortization	(10)		(10)		(5)
Patents pending
Intangible assets:
Gross Carrying Amount	1,708		1,708		1,444
Trademarks
Intangible assets:
Gross Carrying Amount	13		13		13
Trademarks pending
Intangible assets:
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 25		$ 25		$ 18

Fair Value Measurements - Assets and Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Liabilities
Marketable securities and investments purchased		$ 174,040	$ 256,584
Recurring \| Public Warrants
Liabilities
Liabilities	$ 1,450	1,450		$ 2,505
Recurring \| Private Placement Warrants
Liabilities
Liabilities	984	984		1,722
Recurring \| Level 1 \| Public Warrants
Liabilities
Liabilities	1,450	1,450		2,505
Recurring \| Level 2 \| Private Placement Warrants
Liabilities
Liabilities	984	984		1,722
Recurring \| Level 3
Liabilities
Transfers in or out of Level 3	0	0		0
Recurring \| Commercial Paper
Assets
Assets	44,464	44,464		84,909
Recurring \| Commercial Paper \| Level 1
Assets
Assets	44,464	44,464		84,909
Recurring \| Corporate Bonds
Assets
Assets	216,075	216,075		239,473
Recurring \| Corporate Bonds \| Level 1
Assets
Assets	216,075	216,075		239,473
Recurring \| Government Bonds
Assets
Assets	32,618	32,618		56,689
Recurring \| Government Bonds \| Level 1
Assets
Assets	32,618	32,618		$ 56,689
Recurring \| U.S. Treasuries
Assets
Assets	16,946	16,946
Recurring \| U.S. Treasuries \| Level 1
Assets
Assets	$ 16,946	$ 16,946

Fair Value Measurements - Measurement inputs (Details) - Recurring - Level 2 - Private Placement Warrants	Sep. 30, 2024 $ / shares Y	Dec. 31, 2023 $ / shares Y
Exercise Price
Fair Value Measurements
Measurement input, warrants	11.50	11.50
Stock Price
Fair Value Measurements
Measurement input, warrants	1.35	1.45
Volatility
Fair Value Measurements
Measurement input, warrants	0.990	0.950
Term
Fair Value Measurements
Measurement input, warrants \| Y	2.19	2.94
Risk-free rate
Fair Value Measurements
Measurement input, warrants	0.0358	0.0394

Fair Value Measurements - Public Warrants measured at fair value using Level 1 directly observable inputs and Private Placement Warrants (Details) - Recurring - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024
Public Warrants \| Level 1
Reconciliation
Beginning balance, per share	$ 0.17	$ 0.20	$ 0.19
Change in fair value	(0.06)	(0.03)	0.01
Ending balance, per share	0.11	0.17	0.20
Private Placement Warrants \| Level 2
Reconciliation
Beginning balance, per share	0.29	0.34	0.28
Change in fair value	(0.13)	(0.05)	0.06
Ending balance, per share	$ 0.16	$ 0.29	$ 0.34

Fair Value Measurements - Fair value for the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Reconciliation
Balance at the beginning		$ 4,227
Balance at the end	$ 2,434	$ 2,434
Recurring
Fair Value Measurements
Number of warrants outstanding	19,333,303	19,333,303
Reconciliation
Balance at the beginning	$ 4,025	$ 4,227
Change in fair value	(1,591)	(1,793)
Balance at the end	$ 2,434	$ 2,434
Public Warrants
Fair Value Measurements
Number of warrants outstanding	13,182,501	13,182,501	13,182,501
Public Warrants \| Recurring \| Level 1
Fair Value Measurements
Number of warrants outstanding	13,182,501	13,182,501
Reconciliation
Balance at the beginning	$ 2,241	$ 2,505
Change in fair value	(791)	(1,055)
Balance at the end	$ 1,450	$ 1,450
Private Placement Warrants
Fair Value Measurements
Number of warrants outstanding	6,150,802	6,150,802	6,150,802
Private Placement Warrants \| Recurring \| Level 2
Fair Value Measurements
Number of warrants outstanding	6,150,802	6,150,802
Reconciliation
Balance at the beginning	$ 1,784	$ 1,722
Change in fair value	(800)	(738)
Balance at the end	$ 984	$ 984

Warrant Liabilities (Details) - shares	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Public Warrants
Warrant Liabilities
Number of warrants outstanding	13,182,501	13,182,501
Private Placement Warrants
Warrant Liabilities
Number of warrants outstanding	6,150,802	6,150,802

Warrant Liabilities - Additional information (Details) - Warrants	Sep. 30, 2024 $ / shares shares
Warrant Liabilities
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by each warrant or right \| shares	1
Exercise price of warrants \| $ / shares	$ 11.50

Warrant Liabilities - Fair value of warrant liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Warrant Liabilities.
Fair value of warrant liabilities	$ 2,434	$ 4,227

Warrant Liabilities - Changes in fair value of warrant liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Warrant Liabilities.
Gain recognized associated with warrant liabilities	$ 1,591	$ 1,155	$ 1,793	$ 3,480

Stockholders' Equity - Stock options exercised (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Stockholders' Equity
Shares of common stock repurchased	0				(5,000,000)
Common Stock
Stockholders' Equity
Stock options exercised (in shares)	832,122	58,065	3,590,897	2,026,630	4,423,019	2,084,695
Shares of common stock repurchased			(5,000,000)		(5,000,000)
Shares of common stock issued under ESPP (in shares)			187,614	129,928	187,614	129,928
Shares issued upon vesting of RSUs (in shares)	160,842	32,442	851,216	163,148	1,012,058	195,590

Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jan. 23, 2024
Stockholders' Equity
Cash received from options exercised	$ 35	$ 11		$ 232	$ 194
Cash received from shares of common stock issued under ESPP				238	$ 214
Cash paid for shares of common stock repurchased				$ (8,274)
Repurchased and retired shares of common stock (in shares)	0			5,000,000
Repurchased and retired shares of common stock (Aggregate cost)			$ 8,356	$ 8,355
Repurchased and retired shares of common stock (Avg. Price Paid Per Share)				$ 1.64
Amount of common stock repurchased, authorized						$ 50,000

Stock Based Compensation - Compensation costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Compensation cost
Equity-based compensation cost	$ 3,073	$ 3,302	$ 8,987	$ 8,447
Unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted stock units	22,407	31,843	22,407	31,843
Restricted stock units (RSUs)
Compensation cost
Equity-based compensation cost	1,499	1,248	4,107	2,839
Employee stock option
Compensation cost
Equity-based compensation cost	1,529	2,012	4,756	5,486
ESPP
Compensation cost
Equity-based compensation cost	$ 45	$ 42	$ 124	$ 122

Stock Based Compensation - Stock options and Restricted stock units (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024
Restricted stock units (RSUs)
Restricted Stock Units.
Outstanding at beginning of period	7,703,879	7,295,515	4,473,016	4,473,016	4,473,016
Granted	562,463	2,162,222	3,159,872
Vested or Exercised	(206,133)	(867,515)	(264,754)
Forfeited	(333,651)	(886,343)	(72,619)
Outstanding at end of period	7,726,558	7,703,879	7,295,515	7,703,879	7,726,558
Employee stock option
Restricted Stock Units.
Vested or Exercised	(832,122)
Forfeited	(1,406,329)
Outstanding at end of period	22,042,557				22,042,557
Number of Shares
Outstanding at beginning of period	24,281,008	25,627,472	24,264,016	24,264,016	24,264,016
Granted		1,757,960	4,566,167
Vested or Exercised		(1,230,581)	(2,360,316)
Forfeited		(1,873,843)	(842,395)
Outstanding at end of period		24,281,008	25,627,472	24,281,008

Stock Based Compensation - Fair value of options granted (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Stock Based Compensation
Approximate risk-free rate	4.23%	4.17%
Volatility	48.10%	46.91%
Average expected life (years)	6 years	6 years
Weighted-average grant date fair value	$ 1.59	$ 2.80
Estimated fair value of total stock options granted	$ 5,175	$ 7,815

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share - Schedule of reconciliation of basic weighted average common shares outstanding to diluted weighted average shares outstanding (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (22,419)	$ (15,142)	$ (65,900)	$ (46,507)
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	179,160,488	178,388,926	179,177,452	177,800,915
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	179,160,488	178,388,926	179,177,452	177,800,915
Basic loss per share	$ (0.13)	$ (0.08)	$ (0.37)	$ (0.26)
Diluted loss per share	$ (0.13)	$ (0.08)	$ (0.37)	$ (0.26)

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share - Schedule of potentially dilutive securities excluded from the diluted loss per share calculation (Details) - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Total potentially dilutive securities	49,762,936	49,032,283
Warrants
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Total potentially dilutive securities	19,333,303	19,333,303
2014 Plan & 2021 Plan - Stock Options
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Total potentially dilutive securities	23,497,907	26,386,130
2021 Plan - RSUs
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Total potentially dilutive securities	6,764,178	3,192,511
ESPP - Common Stock
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Total potentially dilutive securities	167,548	120,339

Leases - Components of lease (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 01, 2021
Leases
Operating lease renewal term (in years)	5 years		5 years		5 years
Finance lease costs:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$ 58	$ 50	$ 174	$ 141
Interest on lease liabilities	11	13	37	38
Operating lease costs	302	290	883	870
Total lease expense	$ 371	$ 353	$ 1,094	$ 1,049

Leases - Components of supplemental cash flow information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Leases
Operating outgoing cash flows - finance leases	$ 11	$ 13	$ 38	$ 39
Financing outgoing cash flows - finance leases	95	79	281	220
Operating outgoing cash flows - operating leases	441	284	1,025	851
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities:		$ 124		$ 213
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities:	$ 148		$ 148

Leases - Lease term and discount rate (Details)	Sep. 30, 2024
Leases
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance lease (in years)	2 years 3 months 18 days
Weighted-average discount rate - finance lease	6.60%
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating lease (in years)	8 years 6 months
Weighted-average discount rate - operating lease	6.80%

Leases - Schedule of future minimum payments (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Finance Lease
2024 (remaining three months)	$ 106
2025	310
2026	179
2027	85
2028	16
Total	696
Less present value discount	(48)
Total lease liabilities	648
Operating Lease
2024 (remaining three months)	296
2025	1,210
2026	1,248
2027	1,288
2028	1,329
2029	1,211
Thereafter	4,031
Total	10,613
Less present value discount	(2,454)
Total lease liabilities	$ 8,159

Related Party Transactions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Related Party Transactions
Revenue from Related Parties	$ 4,651	$ 6,366	$ 15,679	$ 15,063
Deferred revenue	6,735		6,735		$ 1
Related Party \| BMW
Related Party Transactions
Revenue from Related Parties	$ 0	$ 3,657	$ 5,410	$ 10,128
Deferred revenue					$ 828

Income Taxes (Details)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details)	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Income Taxes
Effective tax rate	1.64%	0.00%	1.34%	0.00%

Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 21, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024
Subsequent Events
Notes receivable included in other assets		$ 4,448
Subsequent Event \| Consulting firm
Subsequent Events
Ownership percentage, equity method	20.00%
Payments made to acquire equity method investments	$ 400

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