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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒    QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024
OR
☐    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number: 0-25965
ZD_Blue.jpg
ZIFF DAVIS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware47-1053457
(State or other jurisdiction(I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization)Identification No.)
360 Park Avenue S, New York, New York 10010
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 503-3500
Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report:
114 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10011

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par valueZD
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes ý    No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes ý    No  o   
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ýAccelerated fileroNon-Accelerated fileroSmaller reporting company☐
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ☐        No ý

There were 42,741,314 shares outstanding of the Registrant’s common stock as of November 4, 2024.



ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
QUARTERLY REPORT
QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024

INDEX 
   PAGE
 
    
  
  
  
  
  
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
   
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
Item 6.  
    
  
    

-2-


PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.Financial Statements
ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited, in thousands except share and per share data)
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents$386,122 $737,612 
Short-term investments— 27,109 
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $7,352 and $6,871, respectively
470,550 337,703 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets94,345 88,570 
Total current assets951,017 1,190,994 
Long-term investments 152,817 140,906 
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $348,322 and $327,015, respectively
197,482 188,169 
Intangible assets, net470,774 325,406 
Goodwill1,572,854 1,546,065 
Deferred income taxes8,622 8,731 
Other assets65,879 70,751 
TOTAL ASSETS$3,419,445 $3,471,022 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Accounts payable$371,498 $123,256 
Accrued employee related costs33,829 50,068 
Other accrued liabilities36,557 43,612 
Income taxes payable, current10,470 14,458 
Deferred revenue, current204,029 184,549 
Other current liabilities11,011 15,890 
Total current liabilities667,394 431,833 
Long-term debt863,741 1,001,312 
Deferred income taxes53,577 45,503 
Income taxes payable, noncurrent— 8,486 
Deferred revenue, noncurrent7,513 8,169 
Other long-term liabilities74,908 82,721 
TOTAL LIABILITIES1,667,133 1,578,024 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value. Authorized 1,000,000 and none issued
— — 
Preferred stock - Series A, $0.01 par value. Authorized 6,000; total issued and outstanding zero
— — 
Preferred stock - Series B, $0.01 par value. Authorized 20,000; total issued and outstanding zero
— — 
Common stock, $0.01 par value. Authorized 95,000,000; total issued and outstanding 42,740,848 and 46,078,464 shares at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
427 461 
Additional paid-in capital 480,271 472,201 
Retained earnings1,335,083 1,491,956 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(63,469)(71,620)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY1,752,312 1,892,998 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY$3,419,445 $3,471,022 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
-3-


ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited, in thousands except share and per share data)

Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Total revenues$353,580 $340,985 $988,865 $974,143 
Operating costs and expenses:
Direct costs53,243 55,526 152,900 148,677 
Sales and marketing127,418 125,062 369,184 360,916 
Research, development, and engineering15,255 17,597 49,824 53,328 
General, administrative, and other related costs101,695 99,269 296,558 302,481 
Goodwill impairment on business85,273 56,850 85,273 56,850 
Total operating costs and expenses382,884 354,304 953,739 922,252 
(Loss) income from operations(29,304)(13,319)35,126 51,891 
Interest expense, net(4,024)(2,817)(7,597)(17,780)
Loss on sale of businesses— — (3,780)— 
Loss on investments, net
— (6,019)(7,654)(29,203)
Other (loss) income, net
(2,633)(3,571)2,530 (5,982)
(Loss) income before income tax expense and (loss) income from equity method investment
(35,961)(25,726)18,625 (1,074)
Income tax expense
(12,539)(5,335)(27,760)(11,180)
(Loss) income from equity method investment, net of tax
(77)90 8,095 (9,665)
Net loss
$(48,577)$(30,971)$(1,040)$(21,919)
Net loss per common share:
Basic$(1.11)$(0.67)$(0.02)$(0.47)
Diluted$(1.11)$(0.67)$(0.02)$(0.47)
Weighted average shares outstanding: 
Basic43,924,158 46,062,097 45,088,272 46,612,660 
Diluted43,924,158 46,062,097 45,088,272 46,612,660 


 See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
-4-


ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(Unaudited, in thousands)
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Net loss
$(48,577)$(30,971)$(1,040)$(21,919)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustment14,514 (6,841)7,521 (660)
Change in fair value on available-for-sale investments, net of tax expense of $118 and $93 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and tax expense of $200 and tax benefit of $37 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively
352 309 630 (80)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
14,866 (6,532)8,151 (740)
Comprehensive (loss) income
$(33,711)$(37,503)$7,111 $(22,659)

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

-5-


ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited, in thousands)
                                                          Nine months ended September 30,
Cash flows from operating activities:20242023
Net loss$(1,040)$(21,919)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: 
Depreciation and amortization151,945 167,333 
Non-cash operating lease costs8,392 7,248 
Share-based compensation30,633 24,393 
Provision for credit losses on accounts receivable2,289 2,296 
Deferred income taxes(14,575)(25,658)
Loss on sale of businesses
3,780 — 
Goodwill impairment on business85,273 56,850 
(Income) loss from equity method investments, net
(8,095)9,665 
Loss on investments, net7,654 29,203 
Other2,390 5,113 
Decrease (increase) in: 
Accounts receivable
46,576 11,043 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets(8,152)(10,059)
Other assets(2,794)(7,961)
Increase (decrease) in: 
Accounts payable(66,313)1,955 
Deferred revenue9,269 (6,820)
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities(15,150)(14,839)
Net cash provided by operating activities232,082 227,843 
Cash flows from investing activities: 
Purchases of property and equipment(79,476)(82,476)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash received(211,526)(9,492)
Purchases of equity method investment— (11,790)
Proceeds from sale of equity investments19,455 3,174 
Proceeds from sale of businesses, net of cash divested7,860 — 
Other(884)(4,154)
Net cash used in investing activities(264,571)(104,738)
Cash flows from financing activities: 
Payment of debt(134,989)— 
Repurchase of common stock(183,981)(107,341)
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan4,525 4,725 
Deferred payments for acquisitions(7,442)(14,141)
Other(1,209)(53)
Net cash used in financing activities(323,096)(116,810)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents4,095 1,536 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents(351,490)7,831 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period737,612 652,793 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$386,122 $660,624 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
-6-


ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share amounts)

Three months ended September 30, 2024
Common stock
Additional paid-in
Retained
Accumulated other
Total
Stockholders’
SharesAmountcapitalearnings
comprehensive loss
Equity
Balance, July 1, 202444,740,322 $447 $476,232 $1,471,543 $(78,335)$1,869,887 
Net loss
— — — (48,577)— (48,577)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax expense of $(118)
— — — — 14,866 14,866 
Issuance of restricted stock, net526 — (198)88 — (110)
Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase plan— — — — — — 
Repurchase and retirement of common stock(2,000,000)(20)(9,250)(87,650)— (96,920)
Share-based compensation— — 10,161 — — 10,161 
Increase in fair value of conversion feature on 3.625% Convertible Notes, net of tax effect of $1,000
— — 3,001 — — 3,001 
Other, net— — 325 (321)— 4 
Balance, September 30, 202442,740,848 $427 $480,271 $1,335,083 $(63,469)$1,752,312 

Three months ended September 30, 2023
Common stock
Additional paid-in
Retained
Accumulated other
Total
Stockholders’
SharesAmountcapitalearnings
comprehensive loss
Equity
Balance, July 1, 202346,402,143 $464 $448,920 $1,492,879 $(79,581)$1,862,682 
Net loss— — — (30,971)— (30,971)
Other comprehensive loss, inclusive of tax expense of $(93)
— — — — (6,532)(6,532)
Issuance of restricted stock, net2,041 — (265)35 — (230)
Issuance of common stock, net186,102 2 13,420 — — 13,422 
Repurchase and retirement of common stock(605,428)(6)(6,035)(34,978)— (41,019)
Share-based compensation— — 6,774 — — 6,774 
Other, net— — (2)14 — 12 
Balance, September 30, 202345,984,858 $460 $462,812 $1,426,979 $(86,113)$1,804,138 




-7-


ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share amounts)

Nine months ended September 30, 2024
Common stock
Additional paid-in
Retained
Accumulated other
Total
Stockholders’
SharesAmountcapitalearnings
comprehensive loss
Equity
Balance, January 1, 202446,078,464 $461 $472,201 $1,491,956 $(71,620)$1,892,998 
Net loss— — — (1,040)— (1,040)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax expense of $(200)
— — — — 8,151 8,151 
Issuance of restricted stock, net69,795 — (5,450)1,502 — (3,948)
Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase plan92,589 1 4,524 — — 4,525 
Repurchase and retirement of common stock(3,500,000)(35)(24,973)(156,822)— (181,830)
Share-based compensation— — 30,633 — — 30,633 
Increase in fair value of conversion feature on 3.625% Convertible Notes, net of tax effect of $1,000
— — 3,001 — — 3,001 
Other, net— — 335 (513)— (178)
Balance, September 30, 202442,740,848 $427 $480,271 $1,335,083 $(63,469)$1,752,312 

Nine months ended September 30, 2023
Common stock
Additional paid-in
Retained
Accumulated other
Total
Stockholders’
SharesAmountcapitalearnings
comprehensive loss
Equity
Balance, January 1, 202347,269,446 $473 $439,681 $1,537,830 $(85,373)$1,892,611 
Net loss— — — (21,919)— (21,919)
Other comprehensive loss, inclusive of tax benefit of $37
— — — — (740)(740)
Issuance of restricted stock, net28,058 — (4,031)569 — (3,462)
Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase plan87,098 1 4,724 — — 4,725 
Issuance of common stock, net186,102 2 13,420 — — 13,422 
Repurchase and retirement of common stock(1,585,846)(16)(15,388)(89,515)— (104,919)
Share-based compensation— — 24,393 — — 24,393 
Other, net— — 13 14 — 27 
Balance, September 30, 202345,984,858 $460 $462,812 $1,426,979 $(86,113)$1,804,138 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

1.Basis of Presentation and Overview
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Ziff Davis, Inc. and its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries (“Ziff Davis”, the “Company”, “our”, “us”, or “we”), were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), and all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The preparation of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. All normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of these interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were made.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the SEC on February 26, 2024 and other filings with the SEC.
The results of operations for this interim period are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that may be expected for the full year or for any future period.
Description of Business
Ziff Davis is a vertically focused digital media and internet company whose portfolio includes brands in technology, shopping, gaming and entertainment, connectivity, health and wellness, cybersecurity, and martech. Our Digital Media business specializes in the technology, shopping, gaming and entertainment, connectivity, and healthcare markets, offering content, tools, and services to consumers and businesses. Our Cybersecurity and Martech business provides cloud-based subscription and license services to consumers and businesses including cybersecurity, privacy, and marketing technology.
Significant Accounting Policies
The significant accounting policies followed by the Company are set forth in Note 1 to the Company's consolidated financial statements included in its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Direct costs - Direct costs represent the Company’s costs of revenue and primarily include costs associated with compensation for personnel directly involved in revenue generation, content fees, production costs, royalty fees, hosting and licensing costs, processing fees, and depreciation and amortization expense.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, there have been no new or material changes to the significant accounting policies discussed in the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently issued applicable accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This update provides for optional financial reporting alternatives to reduce costs and complexities associated with accounting for contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform. This update applies only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference London Interbank Offer Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The accommodations were available for all entities through December 31, 2022, with early adoption permitted. This update was later amended by ASU 2022-06.
In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848. This update defers the expiration date of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 848 from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024. We do not anticipate that adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. The amendments in this update modify the disclosure or presentation requirements of a variety of Topics in the Codification. Certain of the amendments represent clarifications to or technical corrections of the current requirements. For entities subject to the SEC's existing disclosure requirements and entities required to file/furnish financial statements with or to the SEC in preparation for the sale of or for purposes of issuing securities
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
that are not subject to contractual restrictions on transfer, the effective date for which each amendment will be the date on the SEC's removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited. For all other entities, amendments will be effective two years later. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this update will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which provides for enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. This update enhances interim disclosure requirements, clarifies circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provides new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contains other disclosure requirements. The purpose of this update is to enable investors to better understand an entity’s overall performance and assess potential future cash flows. The update is required to be applied retrospectively to prior periods presented, based on the significant segment expense categories identified and disclosed in the period of adoption. The amendments in this update are required to be adopted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. This update will likely result in us including the additional required disclosures when adopted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of this update will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures and expect to adopt them for the year ended December 31, 2024.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in the update require public business entities on an annual basis to disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. This update also requires that entities disclose on an annual basis information about the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes and the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid is equal to or greater than a quantitative threshold. The amendments in this update are required to be adopted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect the adoption of this update will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

2.Revenues
Digital Media
Digital Media revenues are earned primarily from the delivery of advertising and performance marketing services, licensing, and subscriptions to services and information.
Advertising and Performance Marketing
Revenues from the delivery of advertising services are earned on websites that are owned and operated by us and on those websites that are part of Digital Media’s advertising network. Depending on the individual contracts with the customer, revenue for these services is recognized over the contract period when any of the following performance obligations are satisfied: (i) when an advertisement is placed for viewing, (ii) when a qualified sales lead is delivered, (iii) when a visitor “clicks through” on an advertisement, or (iv) when commissions are earned upon the sale of an advertised product.
The Digital Media business also generates revenues from marketing, performance marketing, production services, and the management of client gift card programs. Such revenues are generally recognized over the period in which the products or services are delivered.
Subscription and Licensing
Revenues from subscriptions are earned through the granting of access to, or delivery of, data products or services to customers. Subscriptions cover video games and related content, health information, data, and other copyrighted material. Revenues are also earned from listing fees, subscriptions to online publications, and from other sources. Subscription revenues are primarily recognized over the contract term. Revenues related to the provision of access to historical data for certain services are recorded at the time of delivery.
The Digital Media business also generates revenues through the license of certain assets to clients. Assets are licensed for clients’ use in their own promotional materials or otherwise and may include logos, editorial reviews, or other copyrighted material that represent symbolic intellectual property, as defined in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenues under such license agreements are generally recognized over the contract term. In instances when technology assets in the form of functional intellectual property are licensed to our clients, revenues from the license of these assets are recognized at a point in time.
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
Digital Media subscription and licensing revenues also include revenues from transactions involving the sale of perpetual software licenses, related software support, and maintenance. Revenue is recognized for software transactions with multiple performance obligations after (i) the contract has been approved and we are committed to perform the respective obligations and (ii) we can identify and quantify each obligation and its respective selling price. Once the respective performance obligations have been identified and quantified, revenue will be recognized when the obligations are met, either over time or at a point in time, depending on the nature of the obligation.
Revenues from software license performance obligations are generally recognized upfront at the point in time that the software is made available to the customer for download and use. Revenues from related software support and maintenance are generally recognized ratably over the contractual period, because technical support, unspecified software product upgrades, maintenance releases, and patches are provided to customers on an as needed basis, and are available during the term of the support period. We are obligated to make the support services available continuously throughout the contract period.
Other
Other revenues primarily include those from the sale of hardware used in conjunction with software described above, online course revenue, and game publishing revenue. Hardware product and related software performance obligations, such as an operating system or firmware, are highly interdependent and interrelated and are accounted for as a bundled performance obligation. The revenues for this bundled performance obligation are generally recognized at the point in time that the hardware and software products are delivered and ownership is transferred to the customer.
Cybersecurity and Martech
The Company’s Cybersecurity and Martech revenues consist of subscription and licensing revenues which primarily include subscription and usage-based fees, a significant portion of which are paid in advance. The Company defers the portions of monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, and annual fees collected in advance of the satisfaction of performance obligations and recognizes them in the period earned.
Along with its numerous proprietary Cybersecurity and Martech solutions, the Company also generates subscription revenues by reselling various third-party solutions, primarily through its email security line of business. These third-party solutions, along with the Company’s proprietary products, allow it to offer customers a variety of solutions to better meet the customer’s needs. 
Principal vs. Agent
The Company determines whether revenue should be reported on a gross or net basis by assessing whether the Company is acting as the principal or an agent in the transaction, respectively. The Company records revenue on a gross basis with respect to revenue generated (i) by the Company serving online display and video advertising across its owned and operated web properties, on third-party sites, or on unaffiliated advertising networks; (ii) through the Company’s lead-generation business; and (iii) through the Company’s subscriptions, including the resale of various third-party solutions, primarily through its email security line of business. The Company records revenue on a gross basis with respect to reseller revenue because the Company has control of the specified good or service prior to transferring control to the customer. The Company records revenue on a net basis with respect to revenue paid to the Company by certain third-party advertising networks who serve online display and video advertising across the Company’s owned-and-operated web properties and certain third-party platforms, primarily related to the transfer of functional intellectual property. The Company records revenue on a net basis with respect to revenue earned from servicing the client gift card programs.
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
Disaggregated Revenues
Revenues from external customers classified by revenue source are as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Digital Media
Advertising and performance marketing
$193,626 $183,008 $520,063 $514,173 
Subscription and licensing
77,450 71,858 223,681 209,167 
Other12,491 13,085 30,692 31,692 
Total Digital Media revenues$283,567 $267,951 $774,436 $755,032 
Cybersecurity and Martech
Subscription and licensing
$70,039 $73,051 $214,475 $219,263 
Total Cybersecurity and Martech revenues$70,039 $73,051 $214,475 $219,263 
Elimination of inter-segment revenues(26)(17)(46)(152)
Total Revenues$353,580 $340,985 $988,865 $974,143 
The Company recorded $33.9 million and $27.8 million of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $166.3 million and $140.9 million of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which was previously included in the deferred revenue balance as of the beginning of each respective year.
Performance Obligations
The Company may be a party to multiple concurrent contracts with the same customers, or a party or parties related to those customers. Some of these situations may require judgment to determine if those arrangements should be accounted for as a single contract. Consideration of both the form and the substance of the arrangement is required. The Company’s contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations, including contracts when advertising and licensing services are sold together.
The Company determines the transaction price based on the amount to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for services provided. The Company includes any fixed consideration within its contracts as part of the total transaction price. The Company’s contracts occasionally contain some component of variable consideration, such as commissions that are recognized in the period of the commissionable event. The Company does not include in the transaction price taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are (i) both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and (ii) collected by us from the customer. Due to the nature of the services provided, there are no obligations for returns.
The Company satisfies its performance obligations upon delivery of services to its customers. Within the Digital Media business, the Company provides content to its advertising partners which the Company sells to its partners’ customer base and receives a revenue share based on the terms of the agreement.
Payment terms vary by type and location of our customers and the services offered. The time between invoicing and when payment is due is generally not significant.
Our Digital Media business consists primarily of performance obligations that are satisfied over time. This was determined based on a review of the contracts and the nature of the services offered, where the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of the services provided.
Revenue is recognized based on delivery of services over the contract period for advertising and on a straight-line basis or units of output basis over the contract period for subscriptions. The Company believes that the methods described are a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods and services.
The Digital Media business also has licensing arrangements that have standalone functionality. As a result, the performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time.
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
Our Cybersecurity and Martech business consists primarily of performance obligations that are satisfied over time. This has been determined based on the fact that the nature of services offered are subscription-based where the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of the services provided regardless of whether the customer uses the services. Depending on the individual contracts with the customer, revenue for these services is recognized over the contract period when any of the following materially distinct performance obligations are satisfied:
•Voice, email marketing, and search engine optimization as services are delivered.
•Consumer privacy services and data backup capabilities are provided.
•Security solutions, including email and endpoint are provided.
The Company has concluded the best measure of progress toward the complete satisfaction of the performance obligation is a time-based measure. The Company recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis throughout the subscription period, or as usage occurs, or when functional intellectual property is delivered for services outside of the subscription, and believes that the method used is a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods and services.
Transaction Price Allocation to Future Performance Obligations
As of September 30, 2024, the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to future performance obligations was approximately $80.3 million and is expected to be recognized as follows: 23% by December 31, 2024, 54% by December 31, 2025, and 23% thereafter. The amount disclosed does not include revenues related to performance obligations that are part of contracts with original expected durations of twelve months or less or portions of the contracts that remain subject to cancellations. Further, the disclosure does not include contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue in proportion to the amount it has the right to invoice for services performed.

3.Business Acquisitions
The Company uses acquisitions as a strategy to grow its customer base by increasing its presence in new and existing markets, expanding and diversifying its service offerings, enhancing its technology, and acquiring skilled personnel.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded $20.7 million and $40.0 million, respectively, of incremental revenue from the businesses acquired during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Net income contributed by these acquisitions was not separately identifiable due to the Company’s integration activities and is impracticable to provide.
2024 Acquisitions
The Company completed the following acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, paying the purchase price in cash in each transaction: (a) a purchase of 100% of the equity interest in TDS Gift Cards (“TDS”), acquired on February 5, 2024, a digital gifting and branded payments platform, which is reported within our Digital Media segment; (b) a purchase of 100% of the equity interest in CNET Media, Inc. and certain related entities (“CNET”), acquired on September 12, 2024, a digital media publication platform, which is reported within our Digital Media segment; and (c) one other immaterial Digital Media acquisition. The acquisition of TDS is expected to expand our ability to offer innovative shopping solutions to our merchant partners and broaden our capabilities to help facilitate commerce between consumers and some of the most highly visible brands. The acquisition of CNET is expected to allow us to reach a wider audience that is attractive to advertisers in the technology space. Total consideration for all businesses acquired in 2024 was $358.2 million, or $212.3 million, net of cash acquired.

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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
The following table summarizes the allocation of the preliminary purchase consideration for the acquisition of TDS and CNET as of September 30, 2024 (in thousands):
Valuation
Assets and Liabilities
TDS (1)
CNET
Cash
$142,957 $— 
Accounts receivable and other current assets (2)
171,290 21,930 
Intangible assets
108,924 111,650 
Goodwill (2)
80,835 24,930 
Deferred tax asset, noncurrent (3)
— 7,355 
Other assets
289 655 
Accounts payable and other current liabilities
(290,266)(3,841)
Deferred tax liability, noncurrent
(25,580)— 
Deferred revenue, noncurrent
— (7,958)
Other noncurrent liabilities
(861)— 
Total
$187,588 $154,721 
(1)During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded a measurement period adjustment increasing goodwill by $0.3 million with a corresponding adjustment to current assets.
(2)The fair value of the assets acquired includes accounts receivable of $170.7 million for TDS and $21.2 million related to CNET, of which none is expected to be uncollectible. None of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.
(3)Deferred tax asset balance for CNET is presented within ‘Deferred income taxes’ on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The preliminary amounts assigned to intangible assets by type for all acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are summarized in the table below (in thousands):
Gross Carrying ValueWeighted Average Estimated Life
Customer relationships$152,595 10 years
Trade names and trademarks27,027 9 years
Other purchased intangibles46,703 5 years
Total gross carrying value$226,325 
The initial accounting for the 2024 acquisitions is incomplete due to the timing of available information and is subject to change. The Company has recorded provisional amounts for certain intangible assets as of September 30, 2024.
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations reflects the results of operations of the 2024 acquisitions since the date of each respective acquisition.
Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information for the 2024 Acquisitions
The following unaudited pro forma information reflects the combined results from these acquisitions had they occurred on January 1, 2023. This information is not necessarily indicative of the Company’s consolidated results of operations in future periods or the results that actually would have been realized had the Company and the acquired businesses been combined companies during the periods presented. These pro forma results are estimates and exclude any savings or synergies that would have resulted from these business acquisitions had they occurred on January 1, 2023. This unaudited pro forma supplemental information includes incremental intangible asset amortization and other charges as a result of the acquisitions, net of the related tax effects.
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)
2024202320242023
(unaudited)(unaudited)(unaudited)(unaudited)
Revenues$370,719 $378,343 $1,050,666 $1,075,400 
Net loss$(51,585)$(34,772)$(15,451)$(46,950)
Loss per common share - Basic$(1.17)$(0.75)$(0.34)$(1.01)
Loss per common share - Diluted$(1.17)$(0.75)$(0.34)$(1.01)
2023 Acquisitions
The Company completed two immaterial Digital Media acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, paying the purchase price in cash in each transaction.
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations reflects the results of operations of the 2023 acquisitions since the date of each respective acquisition.
Goodwill recognized associated with these acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $6.3 million, all of which is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Approximately $7.2 million of definite-lived intangibles were recorded in connection with these acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

4.Investments
Investments consist of equity and debt securities.
Investment in equity securities
On October 7, 2021, we completed the separation of our cloud fax business (the “Separation”) into an independent publicly traded company. Following the Separation, the Company retained shares of publicly traded common stock of Consensus Cloud Solutions, Inc. (“Consensus”). During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company sold zero and 52,393 shares, respectively, of common stock of Consensus in the open market. As of December 31, 2023, the Company held approximately 1.0 million shares of the common stock of Consensus with the carrying value of $27.1 million, which was included in ‘Short-term investments’ in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company accounted for its investment in Consensus at fair value under the fair value option, and the related fair value gains and losses were recognized in earnings. During the second quarter of 2024, the Company sold its remaining 1,034,295 shares of Consensus common stock in the open market. For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, losses of zero and $6.0 million, respectively, were recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, losses of $7.7 million and $29.2 million, respectively, were recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
On July 31, 2023, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase $25.0 million of equity in Xyla, Inc. (“Xyla”) for a minority ownership stake. This minority investment was made in the form of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company accounts for its investment in Xyla as an equity investment without a readily determinable fair value measured under the measurement alternative in accordance with ASC Topic 321, Investments — Equity Securities. As of each September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the carrying value of the investment in Xyla was $25.3 million, including transaction costs, and is included in ‘Long-term investments’ in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Investment in corporate debt security
On April 12, 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with an entity to acquire 4% convertible notes with an aggregate value of $15.0 million. On May 19, 2023, the Company entered into the Note Amendment Agreement (the “Amendment”) with respect to the same entity. The Amendment increased the interest rate on the convertible notes to 6%, extended the maturity date, and subordinated all existing and future obligations, liabilities, and indebtedness of the entity to the entity’s senior creditor, as defined in the Amendment. This investment is included in ‘Long-term investments’ in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and is classified as available-for-sale. The investment was initially measured at its transaction price and subsequently remeasured at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of other comprehensive income.
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
As of September 30, 2024, both the carrying value and the maximum exposure of the Company’s investment in corporate debt securities was approximately $16.5 million, with a contractual maturity date that was more than one year but less than five years. As of December 31, 2023, both the carrying value and the maximum exposure of the Company’s investment in corporate debt securities was approximately $15.7 million, with a contractual maturity date that was more than one year but less than five years. Cumulative gross unrealized gains on investment in corporate debt securities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were approximately $1.5 million and $0.7 million, respectively.
 There were no investments in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not recognize any other-than-temporary impairment losses on its debt securities.
Equity method investment
On September 25, 2017, the Company entered into a commitment to invest in OCV Fund I, LP (the “OCV Fund”). The Company recognizes its equity in the net earnings or losses relating to the investment in the OCV Fund on a one-quarter lag due to the timing and availability of financial information from the OCV Fund. If the Company becomes aware of a significant decline in value that is other-than-temporary, the loss will be recorded in the period in which the Company identifies the decline.
During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized (loss) income from the equity method investment of $(0.1) million and $0.1 million, net of tax benefit (expense), respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized income (loss) from the equity method investment of $8.1 million and $(9.7) million, net of tax (expense) benefit, respectively. The income (loss) in the periods presented were primarily the result of gains or losses in the underlying investments.
As of September 30, 2024, both the carrying value and the maximum exposure of the Company’s equity method investment was approximately $110.9 million. As of December 31, 2023, both the carrying value and the maximum exposure of the Company’s equity method investment was approximately $99.9 million. These equity securities are included in ‘Long-term investments’ in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As a limited partner, the Company’s maximum exposure to loss is limited to its proportional ownership in the partnership. In addition, the Company is not required to contribute any future capital. Finally, there are no call or put options, or other types of arrangements, which limit the Company’s ability to participate in losses and returns of the OCV Fund.

5.Fair Value Measurements
The Company complies with the provisions of ASC 820, which defines fair value, provides a framework for measuring fair value and expands the disclosures required for fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, ASC 820 establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value.
§Level 1 – Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
§Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
§Level 3 – Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s money market funds are classified within Level 1. The Company values these Level 1 investments using quoted market prices.
The fair value of the Company’s investment in Consensus common stock was determined using quoted market prices, which is a Level 1 input. On May 22, 2024, the Company sold its remaining investment in Consensus common stock (see Note 4 - Investments).
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
The Company has investment in a corporate debt security that does not have a readily determinable fair value because the acquired securities are privately held, not traded on any public exchanges and not an investment in a mutual fund or similar investment. The investment in corporate debt securities is classified as available-for-sale and is initially measured at its transaction price. The fair value of the corporate debt securities is determined primarily based on estimates and assumptions, including Level 3 inputs. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair value was determined based upon various probability-weighted scenarios which included discount rate assumptions between 13% and 15%, depending on the probability scenario. In addition, the determination of fair value included a conversion timeframe of approximately one to two years, depending on the probability scenario, as of September 30, 2024 and as of December 31, 2023.
The Company classifies its contingent consideration liability in connection with acquisitions within Level 3 because factors used to develop the estimated fair value are unobservable inputs, such as volatility and market risks, and are not supported by market activity. The valuation approaches used to value Level 3 investments considers unobservable inputs in the market such as time to liquidity, volatility, dividend yield, and breakpoints. Significant increases or decreases in any of the inputs in isolation could result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the contingent consideration was determined using a 100% probability of payout at the maximum amount, without any other estimates applied.
The following tables present the fair values of the Company’s financial assets or liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
September 30, 2024Level 1Level 2Level 3Fair ValueCarrying Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market and other funds$49,568 $— $— $49,568 $49,568 
Long-term investments:
Investment in corporate debt securities— — 16,529 16,529 16,529 
Total assets measured at fair value$49,568 $— $16,529 $66,097 $66,097 
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
Total liabilities measured at fair value$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
December 31, 2023Level 1Level 2Level 3Fair ValueCarrying Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market and other funds$340,928 $— $— $340,928 $340,928 
Short-term investments:
Consensus common stock27,109 — — 27,109 27,109 
Long-term investments:
Investment in corporate debt securities— — 15,699 15,699 15,699 
Total assets measured at fair value$368,037 $— $15,699 $383,736 $383,736 
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
Total liabilities measured at fair value$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
At the end of each reporting period, management reviews the inputs to the fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities to determine when transfers between levels are deemed to have occurred. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, there were no transfers that occurred between levels.
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
The following table presents a reconciliation of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets and liabilities related to our contingent consideration arrangements and investment in corporate debt securities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Contingent Consideration ArrangementsCorporate Debt SecuritiesContingent Consideration ArrangementsCorporate Debt Securities
Balance as of January 1$2,834 $15,699 $555 $15,586 
Fair value at date of acquisition— — 2,834 — 
Fair value adjustments (1)
— 830 — (117)
Balance as of September 30$2,834 $16,529 $3,389 $15,469 
(1)The fair value adjustments to the corporate debt securities in the table above were recorded in ‘Change in fair value on available-for-sale investments, net’ in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, right-of-use assets, and property, plant and equipment, are adjusted to fair value only when an impairment is recognized. The Company’s financial assets, comprised of equity securities without readily determinable fair value, are adjusted to fair value when observable price changes are identified or due to impairment. Such fair value measurements are based predominately on Level 3 inputs. See Note 7 - Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information on goodwill impairment charges recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Other Fair Value Disclosures
The fair value of the Company’s 4.625% Senior Notes, 3.625% Convertible Notes, and 1.75% Convertible Notes (as defined in Note 7 — Debt) was determined using quoted market prices or dealer quotes for instruments with similar maturities and other terms and credit ratings, which are Level 1 inputs. If such information is not available for the 1.75% Convertible Notes and 3.625% Convertible Notes, the fair value is determined using cash flow models of the scheduled payments discounted at market interest rates for comparable debt without the conversion feature.
The following table presents the carrying value and the fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value only for disclosure purposes (in thousands):
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Carrying ValueFair ValueCarrying ValueFair Value
4.625% Senior Notes
$457,106 $432,785 $456,796 $405,408 
1.75% Convertible Notes (1)
$148,062 $138,850 $544,516 $519,492 
3.625% Convertible Notes (2)
$258,573 $251,484 $— $— 
(1)On July 16, 2024, the Company exchanged approximately $400.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 1.75% Convertible Notes as part of the Exchange Transaction. The Company issued $263.1 million in aggregate principal amount of new 3.625% Convertible Notes, as defined in Note 7 — Debt, and paid an aggregate of approximately $135.0 million in cash. Refer to Note 7 — Debt for additional information.

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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
6.Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The changes in carrying amounts of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are as follows (in thousands):
Digital MediaCybersecurity and MartechConsolidated
Balance as of January 1, 2024
$1,016,880 $529,185 $1,546,065 
Goodwill acquired (1)
112,534 — 112,534 
Goodwill removed due to sale of businesses (2)
(3,983)— (3,983)
Goodwill impairment(85,273)— (85,273)
Foreign exchange translation1,180 2,331 3,511 
Balance as of September 30, 2024$1,041,338 $531,516 $1,572,854 
(1)Goodwill recognized in connection with the acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 (see Note 3 — Business Acquisitions), which is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.
(2)During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, in a cash transaction, the Company sold an international business at Digital Media within its shopping vertical, which resulted in $4.0 million of goodwill being removed in connection with this sale.
Goodwill as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 reflects accumulated impairment losses of $169.5 million and $84.2 million, respectively, in the Digital Media reportable segment.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company reassessed the fair value of certain reporting units within the Digital Media and Cybersecurity and Martech reportable segments as a result of a sustained decline in the Company’s stock price, and forecasted reductions in revenue or earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”) in certain of its reporting units. Based on the quantitative fair value test of two reporting units within the Digital Media reportable segment, the carrying value of the reporting units exceeded their fair value, and the Company recorded an impairment of approximately $85.3 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company reassessed the fair value of certain reporting units within the Digital Media reportable segment as a result of forecasted reduction in revenue and EBITDA in the reporting unit, as well as an increase in interest rates and market volatility that could affect the Company’s assumptions on its discount rates. Based on the quantitative fair value test, the carrying value of one reporting unit exceeded its fair value, and the Company recorded an impairment of approximately $56.9 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.
During each period, the fair value of the relevant reporting unit was determined using an equal weighting of an income approach that was based on the discounted estimated future cash flows of the reporting unit and a market approach that uses the guideline public company approach. We believe the combination of these approaches provides an appropriate valuation because it incorporates the expected cash generation of the reporting unit in addition to how a third-party market participant would value the reporting unit based on public and private market information. As each business is assumed to continue in perpetuity, the discounted future cash flows include a terminal value. Determining fair value using a discounted estimated future cash flow analysis requires the exercise of significant judgment with respect to several items, including the amount and timing of expected future cash flows and appropriate discount rates. The expected cash flows used in the discounted cash flow analyses were based on the most recent forecast for the reporting unit. For years beyond the forecast period, the estimates were based, in part, on forecasted growth rates. The discount rate the Company used represents the estimated weighted average cost of capital, which reflects the overall level of inherent risk involved in its reporting unit operations and the rate of return a market participant would expect to earn. Determining fair value using a market approach considers multiples of financial metrics based on trading multiples of a selected peer group of companies. From the comparable companies, a representative market multiple is determined, which is applied to financial metrics to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit.
Following the impairments at two reporting units during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, there was no excess of fair value over the carrying value at those reporting units. So any further decrease in estimated fair value of these two reporting units will result in an additional impairment charge to goodwill. Further, as of September 30, 2024, there was one additional reporting unit within the Digital Media reportable segment that may be at risk of impairment. In total, goodwill for these three reporting units was $498.4 million as of September 30, 2024. Changes in market conditions, and key assumptions made in future quantitative assessments, including expected cash flows, competitive factors and discount rates, could negatively impact the results of future impairment testing and could result in the recognition of an impairment charge.
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization
As of September 30, 2024, intangible assets subject to amortization relate primarily to the following (in thousands):
Historical
Cost		Accumulated
Amortization		Net
Trade names and trademarks$375,332 $214,695 $160,637 
Customer relationships
847,121 603,979 243,142 
Other purchased intangibles427,589 360,594 66,995 
Total$1,650,042 $1,179,268 $470,774 

As of December 31, 2023, intangible assets subject to amortization relate primarily to the following (in thousands):
Historical
Cost		Accumulated
Amortization		Net
Trade names and trademarks$347,895 $192,111 $155,784 
Customer relationships
692,634 555,384 137,250 
Other purchased intangibles379,703 347,331 32,372 
Total$1,420,232 $1,094,826 $325,406 

Amortization expense, included in ‘General, administrative, and other related costs’ in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, was approximately $28.5 million and $33.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $82.5 million and $100.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

7.Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
4.625% Senior Notes
$460,038 $460,038 
1.75% Convertible Notes
149,109 550,000 
3.625% Convertible Notes
263,147 — 
Total Notes872,294 1,010,038 
Credit Agreement— — 
Less: Unamortized discount(6,015)(2,463)
Deferred issuance costs (1)
(2,538)(6,263)
Total long-term debt$863,741 $1,001,312 
(1)Includes $0.7 million and $0.8 million of carrying amount of deferred issuance costs on the 4.625% Senior Notes as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, $1.0 million and $5.5 million of carrying amount of deferred issuance costs on the 1.75% Convertible Notes as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and $0.8 million of carrying amount of deferred issuance costs on the 3.625% Convertible Notes as of September 30, 2024.

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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
As of September 30, 2024, $149.1 million of principal of 1.75% Convertible Notes will mature in 2026, $263.1 million of principal of 3.625% Convertible Notes will mature in 2028, and $460.0 million of principal of 4.625% Senior Notes will mature in 2030.
4.625% Senior Notes
On October 7, 2020, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 4.625% senior notes due 2030 (the “4.625% Senior Notes”) in a private placement offering exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company received proceeds of $742.7 million, net of the initial purchasers’ discounts, commissions and offering expenses. The net proceeds were used to redeem all of its then outstanding 6.0% Senior Notes due in 2025 and, the remaining net proceeds were available for general corporate purposes which may include acquisitions and the repurchase or redemption of other outstanding indebtedness.
These senior notes bear interest at a rate of 4.625% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15 of each year, commencing on April 15, 2021. The 4.625% Senior Notes mature on October 15, 2030, and are senior unsecured obligations of the Company which are guaranteed, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis by certain of the Company’s existing and future domestic direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Guarantors”). If the Company or any of its restricted subsidiaries acquires or creates a domestic restricted subsidiary, other than an Insignificant Subsidiary (as defined in the indenture pursuant to which the 4.625% Senior Notes were issued (the “Indenture”)), after the issue date, or any Insignificant Subsidiary ceases to fit within the definition of Insignificant Subsidiary, such restricted subsidiary is required to unconditionally guarantee, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis, the Company’s obligations under the 4.625% Senior Notes.
The Company may redeem some or all of the 4.625% Senior Notes at any time on or after October 15, 2025 at specified redemption prices plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, up to, but excluding the redemption date. In addition, at any time prior to October 15, 2025, the Company may redeem some or all of the 4.625% Senior Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date, plus an applicable “make-whole” premium. The discount and deferred issuance costs are being amortized, at an effective interest rate of 4.7%, to interest expense through the maturity date.
The Indenture contains covenants that restrict the Company’s ability to (i) pay dividends or make distributions on the Company’s common stock or repurchase the Company’s capital stock; (ii) make certain restricted payments; (iii) create liens or enter into sale and leaseback transactions; (iv) enter into transactions with affiliates; (v) merge or consolidate with another company; and (vi) transfer and sell assets. These covenants contain certain exceptions. Restricted payments are applicable only if the Company and subsidiaries designated as restricted subsidiaries have a net leverage ratio of greater than 3.5 to 1.0. In addition, if such net leverage ratio is in excess of 3.5 to 1.0, the restriction on restricted payments is subject to various exceptions, including the total aggregate amount not exceeding the greater of (A) $250 million and (B) 50.0% of EBITDA for the most recently ended four fiscal quarter period ended immediately prior to such date for which internal financial statements are available. The Company is in compliance with its debt covenants for the 4.625% Senior Notes as of September 30, 2024.
Cumulatively as of September 30, 2024, the Company has repurchased approximately $290 million in aggregate principal of its 4.625% Senior Notes. There were no repurchases of 4.625% Senior Notes during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023.
1.75% Convertible Notes
On November 15, 2019, the Company issued $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.75% convertible senior notes due November 1, 2026 (the “1.75% Convertible Notes”). The Company received proceeds of $537.1 million in cash, net of purchasers’ discounts and commissions and other debt issuance costs. A portion of the net proceeds were used to pay off all amounts outstanding under the then-existing credit facility. The 1.75% Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 1.75% per annum, payable semiannually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on May 1, 2020. The 1.75% Convertible Notes will mature on November 1, 2026, unless earlier converted or repurchased.
On July 16, 2024, the Company exchanged approximately $400.9 million in aggregate principal amount of its 1.75% Convertible Notes as part of the Exchange Transaction, as defined below. As of September 30, 2024, the remaining principal amount of the 1.75% Convertible Notes was $149.1 million. The Company also paid outstanding and accrued interest of $1.5 million on the exchanged 1.75% Convertible Notes during the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Under certain conditions set forth in the indenture, the 1.75% Convertible Notes bear additional interest of 0.50% per annum payable semiannually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on May 1, 2021. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded $0.3 million and $7.7 million of interest expense related to the 1.75% Convertible Notes for such additional interest. In August 2023, $7.0 million of this interest obligation was paid by the Company to the trustee under the indenture for the 1.75% Convertible Notes, which was paid to holders of record in August
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
2023. The Company paid its remaining obligation of approximately $0.7 million as of November 1, 2023. As of August 1, 2023, the Company has complied with the conditions set forth in the indenture. As such, the cumulative $7.7 million interest expense was non-recurring.
Holders may surrender their 1.75% Convertible Notes for conversion at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding July 1, 2026 only under the following circumstances: (i) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2020 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding the calendar quarter is greater than 130% of the applicable conversion price of the 1.75% Convertible Notes on each such applicable trading day; (ii) during the five business day period following any 10 consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such trading day; or (iii) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after July 1, 2026, and prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. The Company will settle conversions of the 1.75% Convertible Notes by paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination thereof at the Company’s election. The Company currently intends to satisfy its conversion obligation by paying and delivering a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock. Holders of the notes will have the right to require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their notes upon the occurrence of certain corporate events, subject to certain conditions. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the market trigger conditions did not meet the conversion requirements of the 1.75% Convertible Notes and, accordingly, the 1.75% Convertible Notes are classified as long-term debt on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As of September 30, 2024, the conversion rate is 9.3783 shares of the Company’s common stock for each $1,000 principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes (or 1,398,391 shares), which represents a conversion price of approximately $106.63 per share of the Company’s common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment for certain events as set forth in the indenture governing the 1.75% Convertible Notes, but will not be adjusted for accrued interest. In addition, upon the occurrence of a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” (as defined in the 1.75% Convertible Note indenture), the Company will increase the conversion rate for a holder that elects to convert its 1.75% Convertible Notes in connection with such a corporate event in certain circumstances.
The Company may not redeem the 1.75% Convertible Notes prior to November 1, 2026, and no sinking fund is provided for the 1.75% Convertible Notes.
The 1.75% Convertible Notes are the Company’s general senior unsecured obligations and rank: (i) senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 1.75% Convertible Notes; (ii) equal in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is not so subordinated; (iii) effectively junior to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and (iv) structurally junior to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities incurred by the Company’s subsidiaries.
The following table provides the components of interest expense related to the 1.75% Convertible Notes (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Contractual interest expense$964 $2,746 $5,777 $14,963 
Amortization of discount and deferred issuance costs
185 466 1,128 1,395 
Total interest expense related to 1.75% Convertible Notes
$1,149 $3,212 $6,905 $16,358 
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
3.625% Convertible Notes
On July 16, 2024, the Company issued $263.1 million in aggregate principal amount of new 3.625% Convertible Notes due 2028 (the “3.625% Convertible Notes”) and paid an aggregate of approximately $135.0 million in cash in exchange for approximately $400.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 1.75% Convertible Notes (collectively, the “Exchange Transaction”) pursuant to separate, privately negotiated exchange agreements with certain holders of the 1.75% Convertible Notes. The Exchange Transaction was accounted for as a debt modification, and accordingly, no gain or loss was recognized. In connection with the Exchange Transaction, the Company recognized an increase in the fair value of the conversion feature of the 3.625% Convertible Notes compared to the fair value of the conversion feature of the 1.75% Convertible Notes of $4.0 million, partially offset by an increase to deferred tax liabilities of $1.0 million, which is included in ‘Additional paid-in capital’ on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and a corresponding reduction to the carrying value of the 3.625% Convertible Notes. The discount and deferred issuance costs are being amortized, at an effective interest rate of 4.2%, to interest expense through the maturity date.
The 3.625% Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 3.625% per annum on the principal amount thereof, payable semi-annually in arrears on September 1 and March 1 of each year, beginning on March 1, 2025, to the noteholders of record of the 3.625% Convertible Notes as of the close of business on the immediately preceding August 15 and February 15, respectively. The 3.625% Convertible Notes will mature on March 1, 2028, unless earlier converted or repurchased. The 3.625% Convertible Notes can be settled in cash, the Company’s common stock, or a combination of cash and the Company’s common stock, at $0.01 par value per share, at the Company’s election.
Holders may surrender their 3.625% Convertible Notes for conversion at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding December 1, 2027 only under the following circumstances: (i) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on September 30, 2024 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the applicable conversion price of the 3.625% Convertible Notes on each such applicable trading day; (ii) during the five business day period following any 10 consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 3.625% Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such trading day; or (iii) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after December 1, 2027, and prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances, at an initial conversion rate of 10 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 3.625% Convertible Notes. The Company will settle conversions of the 3.625% Convertible Notes by paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination thereof at the Company’s election. Holders of the notes will have the right to require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their notes upon the occurrence of certain corporate events, subject to certain conditions. As of September 30, 2024, the market trigger conditions did not meet the conversion requirements of the 3.625% Convertible Notes and, accordingly, the 3.625% Convertible Notes are classified as long-term debt on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As of September 30, 2024, the conversion rate of the 3.625% Convertible Notes is 10 shares per $1,000 principal amount of the 3.625% Convertible Notes (or 2,631,470 shares), which represents an initial conversion price of $100 per share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events as set forth in the indenture governing the 3.625% Convertible Notes, but will not be adjusted for accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, upon the occurrence of a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change”, as defined in the 3.625% Convertible Note Indenture, the Company will in certain circumstances increase the conversion rate for a holder that elects to convert its 3.625% Convertible Notes in connection with such a corporate event.
The Company may not redeem the 3.625% Convertible Notes prior to the maturity date, and no sinking fund is provided for the 3.625% Convertible Notes.
The 3.625% Convertible Notes are the Company’s general senior unsecured obligations and rank: (i) senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 3.625% Convertible Notes; (ii) equal in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is not so subordinated; (iii) effectively junior to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and (iv) structurally junior to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities incurred by the Company’s subsidiaries.
-23-

ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
The following table provides the components of interest expense related to the 3.625% Convertible Notes (in thousands):
Three months ended
September 30, 2024
Coupon interest expense$1,987 
Amortization of discount and debt issuance costs
258 
Total interest expense related to 3.625% Convertible Notes
$2,245 
Credit Agreement
On April 7, 2021, the Company entered into a $100.0 million credit agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). On June 18, 2024, the Company entered into a New Lender Joinder Agreement and Eighth Amendment (the “Joinder and Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement. The Joinder and Amendment provides for, among other things, (i) an increase in the Aggregate Revolving Loan Commitment by an aggregate principal amount of $250.0 million for a total of $350.0 million, (ii) an extension of the scheduled maturity date from April 7, 2026 to the earlier of (x) June 18, 2027 or (y) under certain limited circumstances, August 2, 2026, (iii) a “credit spread adjustment” for SOFR-based borrowings of 0.10% across all interest periods, (iv) the inclusion of limited conditionality borrowing mechanics with respect to certain borrowings and (v) certain other related amendments.
At the Company’s option, amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement will bear interest at either (i) a base rate equal to the greater of (x) the Federal Funds Effective Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) in effect on such day plus 0.5% per annum, (y) the rate of interest per annum most recently announced by the Agent (as defined in the Credit Agreement) as its U.S. Dollar “Reference Rate”, and (z) one month Term SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus a credit spread adjustment plus 1.00% or (ii) a rate per annum equal to Term SOFR plus a credit spread adjustment, in each case, plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin relating to any base rate loan will range from 0.50% to 1.25% and the applicable margin relating to any Term SOFR loan will range from 1.50% to 2.25%, in each case, depending on the total leverage ratio of the Company, plus a credit spread adjustment equal to 0.10%. The Company is permitted to make voluntary prepayments of the Credit Facility at any time without payment of a premium or penalty. The Credit Agreement is secured by an associated collateral agreement that provides for a lien on the majority of the Company’s assets and the assets of the guarantors, in each case, subject to customary exceptions.
As of September 30, 2024, there were no amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement. As of each September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, net availability under the Credit Agreement was $350.0 million.
The Credit Agreement contains financial maintenance covenants, including (i) a maximum total leverage ratio as of the last date of any fiscal quarter not to exceed 4.00:1.00 for the Company and its restricted subsidiaries and (ii) a minimum interest coverage ratio as of the last date of any fiscal quarter not less than 3.00:1.00 for the Company and its restricted subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement also contains restrictive covenants that limit, among other things, the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness, create, incur or assume liens, consolidate, merge, liquidate or dissolve, pay dividends or make other distributions or other restricted payments, make or hold certain investments, enter into certain transactions with affiliates, sell assets other than on terms specified by the Credit Agreement, amend the terms of certain other indebtedness and organizational documents, and change their lines of business and fiscal years, in each case, subject to customary exceptions. The Credit Agreement also sets forth customary events of default, including, among other things, the failure to make timely payments under the credit facility, the failure to satisfy certain covenants, cross-default and cross-acceleration to other material debt for borrowed money, the occurrence of a change of control, and specified events of bankruptcy and insolvency. The Company is in compliance with its debt covenants for the Credit Agreement as of September 30, 2024.

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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
8.Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into commitments including those related to cloud computing, information technology, security, and information and document management. The Company also has revenue sharing arrangements with annual minimum guarantees based upon third-party website advertising metrics and other contractual provisions.
Litigation
From time to time, the Company and its affiliates are involved in litigation and other legal disputes or regulatory inquiries that arise in the ordinary course of business. Any claims or regulatory actions against the Company and its affiliates, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming and costly, and could divert significant operational resources. The outcomes of such matters are subject to inherent uncertainties, carrying the potential for unfavorable rulings that could include monetary damages and injunctive relief. The Company does not believe, based on current knowledge, that any such legal proceedings or claims, including those set forth below, after giving effect to existing accrued liabilities, are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. However, depending on the amount and timing, an unfavorable resolution of some or all of these matters could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows in a particular period.
Although the Company cannot predict the outcome of legal or other proceedings with certainty, where there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss may have been incurred, GAAP requires us to disclose an estimate of the reasonably possible loss or range of loss or make a statement that such an estimate cannot be made. The Company follows a thorough process in which it seeks to estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of loss, and only if it is unable to make such an estimate does it conclude and disclose that an estimate cannot be made. Accordingly, unless otherwise indicated below in our discussion of litigation, a reasonably possible loss or range of loss associated with any individual legal proceeding cannot be estimated.
On July 8, 2020, Jeffrey Garcia filed a putative class action lawsuit against the Company in the Central District of California (20-cv-06096), alleging violations of federal securities laws. The court appointed a lead plaintiff. The Company moved to dismiss the consolidated class action complaint. The court granted the motion to dismiss and the plaintiff filed an amended complaint. The Company moved to dismiss the amended complaint. On August 8, 2022, the court granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the amended complaint without leave to amend. The lead plaintiff appealed the dismissal. On April 19, 2024, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the dismissal.
On December 11, 2020, Danning Huang filed a lawsuit in the District of Delaware (20-cv-01687-LPS) asserting derivative claims against directors of the Company and other third parties. The lawsuit alleges violations of Section 14(a), Section 10(b), Section 20(a) and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as well as breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment and abuse of control.
On March 24, 2021, Fritz Ringling filed a lawsuit in the District of Delaware (21-cv-00421-UNA) asserting substantially similar derivative claims, and on April 8, 2021, the district court consolidated the two actions under the caption In re J2 Global Stockholder Derivative Litigation. No.: 20-cv-01687-LPS. On June 4, 2024, the plaintiffs in the consolidated case dismissed their claims without prejudice.
The Company has not accrued for any material loss contingencies relating to these legal proceedings because materially unfavorable outcomes are not considered probable by management. It is the Company’s policy to expense as incurred legal fees related to various litigations.
Non-Income Related Taxes
The Company does not collect and remit sales and use, telecommunication, or similar taxes and fees in certain jurisdictions where the Company believes such taxes are not applicable or legally required. Several states and other taxing jurisdictions have presented or threatened the Company with assessments, alleging that the Company is required to collect and remit such taxes there. The Company is currently under audit or is subject to audit for indirect taxes in various states, municipalities, and foreign jurisdictions. The Company recognizes a liability for these matters when it is probable that an obligation exists and the amount can be reasonably estimated based on all relevant information that is available at each reporting period.
The Company established reserves for these matters of $26.9 million and $28.1 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which are included in ‘Accounts payable’ and ‘Other long-term liabilities’ on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. It is reasonably possible that additional liabilities could be incurred resulting in additional expense,
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
which could have a material impact to our financial results, however, as of September 30, 2024 any potential range of loss is not estimable.

9.Income Taxes
The Company’s tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of the Company’s annual effective tax rate adjusted for discrete interim period tax impacts. Each quarter the Company updates its estimated annual effective tax rate and, if the estimate changes, makes a cumulative adjustment. The Company’s effective tax rate was (34.9)% and (20.7)% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and 149.0% and (1,040.8)% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was disproportionately impacted by the goodwill impairment of $85.3 million related to the reassessment of the fair value of certain reporting units within the Digital Media reportable segment, for which no corresponding tax benefit was recorded since it entirely related to the excess financial statement goodwill with no tax basis. Additionally, during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized a net valuation allowance against a portion of its U. S. capital loss carryforwards, which resulted in a discrete tax charge of $2.5 million.
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was disproportionately impacted by the goodwill impairment of $56.9 million related to the reassessment of the fair value of one of the reporting units within the Digital Media reportable segment, for which no corresponding tax benefit was recorded since it entirely related to excess financial statement goodwill with no tax basis.
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had $37.0 million and $36.1 million, respectively, in liabilities for uncertain income tax positions included in ‘Other long-term liabilities’ on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions are recognized in income tax expense in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s prepaid taxes were $1.3 million and $4.7 million, respectively, and are included in ‘Prepaid expenses and other current assets’ in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

10.Stockholders’ Equity
On August 6, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) approved a program authorizing the repurchase of up to ten million shares of the Company’s common stock through August 6, 2025 (the “2020 Program”). The Company entered into certain Rule 10b5-1 trading plans to execute repurchases under the 2020 Program.
On August 2, 2024, the Board authorized (i) an increase in its 2020 Program pursuant to which the Company may purchase up to an additional five million shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Additional Authorization”) and (ii) an extension of the expiration date of the share repurchase program from August 6, 2025 to August 2, 2029. As a result of the Additional Authorization, the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock authorized for repurchase under the 2020 Program increased to up to 15 million shares of the Company’s common stock.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company repurchased 2,000,000 and 3,500,000 shares, respectively under the 2020 Program at an aggregate cost of approximately $96.9 million and $181.8 million, respectively, including excise tax. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased 605,428 and 1,585,846 shares, respectively under the 2020 Program at an aggregate cost of approximately $41.0 million and $104.9 million, respectively, including excise tax. Cumulatively as of September 30, 2024, 8,758,692 shares were repurchased under the 2020 Program, at an aggregate cost of $583.6 million, including excise tax. As a result of the repurchases, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for purchase as of September 30, 2024 was 6,241,308 shares.
Periodically, participants in the Company’s share-based compensation plans surrender to the Company shares of stock to pay the exercise price or to satisfy tax withholding obligations arising upon the exercise of stock options or the vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units. During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company purchased and retired 2,464 and 9,479 shares, respectively, at an aggregate cost of approximately $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, from plan participants for this purpose. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company purchased and retired 62,054 and 51,354 shares, respectively, at an aggregate cost of approximately $4.1 million and $3.5 million, respectively, from plan participants for this purpose.

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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
11.Share-Based Compensation
The Company’s share-based compensation plans include the Ziff Davis, Inc. 2024 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2024 Plan”), the 2015 Stock Option Plan (the “2015 Plan”), and 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”). Each plan is described below.
On May 7, 2024, the 2024 Plan was approved by the stockholders of the Company and replaced the 2015 Stock Option Plan. The 2024 Plan permits the Company to issue shares of common stock to or for the benefit of employees, consultants, and non-employee directors of the Company and its subsidiaries as part of their compensation. The 2024 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units, performance-based awards, and other incentive awards. Shares authorized but unissued under the 2015 Plan that were not subject to outstanding awards under the 2015 Plan as of May 7, 2024 were canceled. The total number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued under the 2024 Plan shall not exceed 3,500,000 shares, plus any Returned Shares, as defined in the 2024 Plan, under the 2015 Plan and any shares under the 2024 Plan that are subsequently forfeited, canceled, reacquired by the Company, satisfied or are otherwise terminated (other than by exercise) or used to pay tax withholding obligations with respect to outstanding awards issued under the 2024 Plan. The 2024 Plan will expire on March 21, 2034, unless earlier terminated by the Board. Awards outstanding under the 2015 Plan were not impacted by the approval of the 2024 Plan. Collectively, the 2015 Plan and 2024 Plan are referred to herein as “Plans.”
As of September 30, 2024, 435,135 shares underlying options and 694,769 shares of restricted stock units were outstanding under the Plans. As of September 30, 2024, there were 3,582,306 additional shares underlying options, shares of restricted stock and other share-based awards available for grant under the 2024 Plan.
Share-Based Compensation Expense
The following table presents share-based compensation expense recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the periods presented (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Direct costs
$68 $76 $191 $246 
Sales and marketing1,014 323 2,865 2,285 
Research, development, and engineering769 840 2,930 2,581 
General, administrative, and other related costs
8,310 5,535 24,647 19,281 
Total share-based compensation expense$10,161 $6,774 $30,633 $24,393 
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
The Company has awarded restricted stock and restricted stock units to its Board and senior staff pursuant to the Plans. Compensation expense resulting from restricted stock and restricted unit grants is measured at fair value on the date of grant and is recognized as share-based compensation expense over the applicable vesting period. Vesting periods are approximately one year for awards to members of the Company’s Board, generally three to four years for senior staff (excluding market-based awards discussed below) and three to eight years for the Chief Executive Officer. The Company granted 394,994 and 296,705 shares of restricted stock units (excluding awards with market conditions below) (“RSUs”) during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The Company has awarded certain key employees market-based restricted stock (“PSAs”) and market-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”) pursuant to the Plans. Market-based awards granted prior to 2024 have vesting conditions that are based on specified stock price targets of the Company’s common stock. Market conditions were factored into the grant date fair value using a Monte Carlo valuation model, which utilized multiple input variables to determine the probability of the Company achieving the specified stock price targets with a 20-day and 30-day look back (trading days). During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company awarded 167,606 PSUs at stock price targets ranging from $83.61 to $103.76 per share.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company awarded 308,970 equity classified PSUs that vest in shares of the Company’s stock ranging from 0% to 200% of the award based on the Company’s attainment of a relative Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) target compared to the TSR of all listed companies in a market index over the respective one, two, and three-year performance periods. Market conditions were factored into the grant date fair value using a Monte Carlo valuation model, which utilized multiple input variables to determine the probability of the Company and all listed companies in a market index achieving the relative TSR targets.
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
Share-based compensation expense related to an award with a market condition is recognized over the requisite service period using the graded-vesting method regardless of whether the market condition is satisfied, provided that the requisite service period has been completed.
The per share weighted average grant-date fair value for the PSUs granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $87.17 and $70.07, respectively.
The assumptions used in determining the weighted-average fair values of PSUs granted during the periods presented are as follows:
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Underlying stock price at valuation date$66.88 $77.80 
Expected volatility32.9 %32.0 %
Risk-free interest rate4.3 %4.1 %

Restricted stock award (“RSA”) and PSA activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is set forth below:
RSAs
PSAs
Number of
Shares
Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Number of
Shares
Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 202495,718$70.17 163,181$36.27 
Granted— $— — $— 
Vested(41,170)71.73 — — 
Forfeited
(154)77.75 — — 
Nonvested at September 30, 2024
54,394 $68.97 163,181 $36.27 
  
Restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is set forth below:
RSUs
PSUs
Number of
Shares

Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Number of Shares (1)
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2024506,425 $88.36 270,772 $77.09 
Granted394,994 65.24308,970 87.17
Vested(132,003)83.91— — 
Forfeited
(74,647)75.63(47,015)79.49 
Outstanding at September 30, 2024694,769 $77.40 532,727 $82.71 
(1)Represents the number of shares at 100% achievement.
As of September 30, 2024, the Company had unrecognized share-based compensation cost of approximately $61.4 million associated with these restricted stock awards and restricted stock units. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years for RSAs and PSAs and 2.2 years for RSUs and PSUs.

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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
12.Earnings Per Share
The components of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share are as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
Three months ended September 30,
20242023
BasicDilutedBasicDiluted
Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per common share:
Net loss
$(48,577)$(48,577)$(30,971)$(30,971)
Plus: Convertible Notes interest expense (after-tax)
— — — — 
Net income available to the Company’s common shareholders
$(48,577)$(48,577)$(30,971)$(30,971)
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock43,924,158 43,924,158 46,062,097 46,062,097 
Dilutive effect of:
Equity incentive plans
— — — — 
Convertible debt — — — — 
Diluted weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock43,924,158 43,924,158 46,062,097 46,062,097 
Net loss per share
$(1.11)$(1.11)$(0.67)$(0.67)


Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
BasicDilutedBasicDiluted
Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per common share:
Net loss
$(1,040)$(1,040)$(21,919)$(21,919)
Plus: Convertible Notes interest expense (after-tax)
— — — — 
Net income available to the Company’s common shareholders
$(1,040)$(1,040)$(21,919)$(21,919)
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock45,088,272 45,088,272 46,612,660 46,612,660 
Dilutive effect of:
Equity incentive plans
— — — — 
Convertible debt — — — — 
Diluted weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock45,088,272 45,088,272 46,612,660 46,612,660 
Net loss per share
$(0.02)$(0.02)$(0.47)$(0.47)

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, there were 1,879,840 and 1,512,611 shares, respectively, of stock options and restricted stock excluded from the calculation of diluted shares as they were anti-dilutive due to the net loss during the 2024 and 2023 periods. For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, 4,213,808 and 5,158,071 shares, respectively, related to convertible debt were excluded from diluted shares because they were anti-dilutive under the if-converted method for the diluted net income per share calculation of the convertible debt instrument. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, 5,406,679 and 5,158,071 shares, respectively, related to convertible debt were excluded from diluted shares because they were anti-dilutive under the if-converted method for the diluted net income per share calculation of convertible debt instruments.
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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued

13.Segment Information
The Company’s businesses are based on the organizational structure used by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The Company aggregates its operating segments into two reportable segments: Digital Media and Cybersecurity and Martech.
The accounting policies of the businesses are the same as those described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 26, 2024. The Company evaluates performance based on revenue and profit or loss from operations.
Information on reportable segments and reconciliation to income from operations is as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Revenue by reportable segment:
Digital Media$283,567 $267,951 $774,436 $755,032 
Cybersecurity and Martech70,039 73,051 214,475 219,263 
Elimination of inter-segment revenues (1)
(26)(17)(46)(152)
Total segment revenues353,580 340,985 988,865 974,143 
Corporate
— — — — 
Total revenues$353,580 $340,985 $988,865 $974,143 
Operating costs and expenses by reportable segment (2):
Digital Media308,309 280,856 732,554 702,752 
Cybersecurity and Martech55,158 60,541 168,638 181,633 
Elimination of inter-segment operating expenses(26)(17)(46)(152)
Total segment operating expenses363,441 341,380 901,146 884,233 
Corporate (3)
19,443 12,924 52,593 38,019 
Total operating costs and expenses382,884 354,304 953,739 922,252 
Operating income (loss) by reportable segment:
Digital Media operating (loss) income
(24,742)(12,905)41,882 52,280 
Cybersecurity and Martech operating income14,881 12,510 45,837 37,630 
Total segment operating (loss) income
(9,861)(395)87,719 89,910 
Corporate (3)
(19,443)(12,924)(52,593)(38,019)
(Loss) income from operations
$(29,304)$(13,319)$35,126 $51,891 
(1)Inter-segment revenues relate primarily to the Digital Media reportable segment.
(2)Operating expenses for each segment include direct costs and other operating expenses that are directly attributable to the segment, such as employee compensation expense, sales and marketing expenses, engineering and network operations expense, depreciation and amortization, and other administrative expenses. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company had an impairment to goodwill within operating costs and expenses for Digital Media.
(3)Corporate includes costs associated with general, administrative, and other related costs that are managed on a global basis and that are not directly attributable to any particular segment.


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ZIFF DAVIS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - Continued
14.Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Non-cash investing and financing activities were as follows (in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Non-cash investing activity:
Property and equipment, accrued but unpaid$— $373 
Right-of-use assets acquired in exchange for operating lease obligations$1,035 $1,282 
Purchase of equity investments with common stock$— $13,500 
Non-cash financing activity:
Increase in fair value of conversion feature on 3.625% Convertible Notes
$4,001 $— 
Excise tax on share repurchases
$1,797 $1,038 

Supplemental data (in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Interest paid$16,912 $22,395 
Income taxes paid, net of refunds$49,660 $47,001 

15.Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax, for the three months ended September 30, 2024 (in thousands):
Unrealized Gains on Investments
Foreign Currency TranslationTotal
Balance as of July 1, 2024
$815 $(79,150)$(78,335)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
352 14,514 14,866 
Balance as of September 30, 2024
$1,167 $(64,636)$(63,469)
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss (income), net of tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 (in thousands):
Unrealized Gains on Investments
Foreign Currency TranslationTotal
Balance as of January 1, 2024
$537 $(72,157)$(71,620)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
630 7,521 8,151 
Balance as of September 30, 2024
$1,167 $(64,636)$(63,469)
There were no reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Information
In addition to historical information, certain statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may be forward-looking statements, including statements regarding the intent, belief or current expectations of the Company. These statements may include those concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business, strategy and current and future acquisitions, as well as the assumptions on which such statements are based. These statements are based on our estimates and assumptions and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements generally are identified by use of the words “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “hopes,” “may,” “will,” “seeks,” “protects,” “potential,” “predicts,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “would,” “could,” “should,” or similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. For those statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including but not limited to those discussed below, the risk factors discussed in Part II, Item 1A - “Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (if any) and in Part I, Item 1A - “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (together, the “Risk Factors”), the factors discussed in Part I, Item 3 in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q entitled “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk”, and any risks and uncertainties identified in our other filings with the SEC, as such risks, uncertainties and other important factors may be updated from time to time in our subsequent reports. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinions and speak only as of the date they are made. We undertake no obligation to revise, update or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, unless required by law.
Some factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our ability and intention to:
◦Sustain growth or profitability, particularly in light of an uncertain U.S. or worldwide economy, including the possibility of an economic downturn or recession, global conflicts, continuing inflation, elevated interest rates, supply chain disruptions, and other factors and their related impacts on customer acquisition and retention rates, customer usage levels, and credit and debit card payment declines;
◦Maintain and increase our customer base and average revenue per customer;
◦Generate sufficient cash flow to make interest and debt payments, reinvest in our business, and pursue desired activities and businesses plans while satisfying restrictive covenants relating to debt obligations;
◦Acquire businesses on acceptable terms, execute on our investment strategies, successfully manage our growth, and integrate and realize anticipated synergies from such acquisitions;
◦Continue to expand our businesses and operations internationally in the wake of numerous risks, including adverse currency fluctuations, difficulty in staffing and managing international operations, higher operating costs as a percentage of revenues, or the implementation of adverse regulations;
◦Maintain our financial position, operating results and cash flows in the event that we incur new or unanticipated costs or tax liabilities, including those relating to federal and state income tax and indirect taxes, such as sales, value-added, and telecommunication taxes;
◦Manage certain risks related to the unauthorized use of our content and the infringement of our intellectual property rights by developers and users of generative artificial intelligence (“AI”);
◦Prevent system failures, security breaches, and other technological issues;
◦Accurately estimate the assumptions underlying our effective worldwide tax rate;
◦Maintain favorable relationships with critical third-party vendors that are financially stable;
◦Create compelling digital media content facilitating increased traffic and advertising levels and additional advertisers or an increase in advertising spend, and effectively target digital media advertisements to desired audiences;
◦Manage certain risks inherent to our business, such as costs associated with fraudulent activity, system failure, or security breach; effectively maintaining and managing our billing systems; the time and resources required to
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manage our legal proceedings; liability for legal and other claims; or adhering to our internal controls and procedures;
◦Compete with other similar providers with regard to price, service, and functionality;
◦Achieve business and financial objectives in light of burdensome domestic and international telecommunications, internet, or other regulations, including regulations related to data privacy, access, security, retention, and sharing;
◦Successfully adapt to technological changes and diversify services and related revenues at acceptable levels of financial return;
◦Successfully develop and protect our intellectual property, both domestically and internationally, including our brands, content, copyrights, patents, trademarks, and domain names from infringement by third parties, and avoid infringing upon the proprietary rights of others;
◦Manage certain risks associated with environmental, social, and governmental matters, including related reporting obligations, that could adversely affect our reputation and performance;
◦Recruit and retain key personnel and maintain the beneficial aspects of our corporate culture globally;
◦Meet our publicly announced guidance or other expectations about our business and future operating results; and
◦Avoid disruptions to our operations, financial position, and reputation as a result of the collapse of certain banks and potentially other financial institutions.
In addition, other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements or materially impact our financial results include the risks associated with new accounting pronouncements, as well as those associated with natural disasters, public health crises, pandemics, and other catastrophic events outside of our control.

Overview
Ziff Davis, Inc. was incorporated in 2014 as a Delaware corporation through the creation of a holding company structure. Ziff Davis, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (“Ziff Davis”, “the Company”, “our”, “us” or “we”), is a vertically focused digital media and internet company whose portfolio includes brands in technology, shopping, gaming and entertainment, connectivity, health and wellness, cybersecurity, and martech. Our Digital Media business specializes in the technology, shopping, gaming and entertainment, connectivity, and healthcare markets, offering content, tools, and services to consumers and businesses. Our Cybersecurity and Martech business provides cloud-based subscription and license services to consumers and businesses including cybersecurity, privacy, and marketing technology.
Our consolidated revenues are currently generated primarily from two basic business models, each with different financial profiles and variability. Our Digital Media business is driven primarily by advertising and performance marketing revenues, has relatively higher sales and marketing expenses, and has seasonal strength in the fourth quarter. Our Cybersecurity and Martech business is driven primarily by subscription and licensing revenues with relatively stable and predictable margins from quarter to quarter. In addition to growing our business organically, on a regular basis we acquire businesses to grow our customer bases, expand and diversify our service offerings, enhance our technologies, acquire skilled personnel, and enter into new markets. We continue to pursue additional acquisitions, which may include companies operating under business models that differ from those we operate under today. Such acquisitions could impact our consolidated results.
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Revenue Overview
Revenues from external customers classified by revenue source are as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Digital Media
Advertising and performance marketing$193,626 $183,008 $520,063 $514,173 
Subscription and licensing
77,450 71,858 223,681 209,167 
Other12,491 13,085 30,692 31,692 
Total Digital Media revenues$283,567 $267,951 $774,436 $755,032 
Cybersecurity and Martech
Subscription and licensing$70,039 $73,051 $214,475 $219,263 
Total Cybersecurity and Martech revenues$70,039 $73,051 $214,475 $219,263 
Elimination of inter-segment revenues(26)(17)(46)(152)
Total Revenues$353,580 $340,985 $988,865 $974,143 
Performance Metrics
We use certain metrics to generally assess the operational and financial performance of our businesses. For our advertising and performance marketing businesses, net advertising and performance marketing revenue retention is an indicator of our ability to retain the spend of our existing customers year over year, which we view as a reflection of the effectiveness of our advertising and performance marketing platforms. Similarly, we monitor the number of our customers and the revenue per customer, as defined below, as these metrics provide further details related to our reported revenue and contribute to certain of our business planning decisions.
The following table sets forth certain key operating metrics for our Digital Media advertising and performance marketing business for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
Three months ended September 30,
20242023
Net advertising and performance marketing revenue retention (1)
91.8%88.9%
Customers (2)
1,7331,785
Quarterly revenue per customer (3)
$111,722$102,525
(1)    Net advertising and performance marketing revenue retention equals (i) the trailing twelve months revenue recognized related to prior year customers in the current year period (excluding revenue from acquisitions during the stub period) divided by (ii) the trailing twelve months revenue recognized related to prior year customers in the prior year period (excluding revenue from acquisitions during the stub period). This excludes customers that generated less than $10,000 of revenue in the measurement period.
(2)    Excludes customers that spent less than $2,500 in the quarter.
(3)    Represents total gross quarterly advertising and performance marketing revenues divided by customers as defined in footnote (2).

For our subscription and licensing businesses, the number of customers that we serve is an indicator of our customer retention and growth. The average quarterly revenue per customer and the churn rate also contribute to insights that contribute to certain of our business planning decisions.
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The following table sets forth certain key operating metrics for our Digital Media and Cybersecurity and Martech subscription and licensing businesses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
Three months ended September 30,
2024
2023 (7)
Digital Media
Customers (in thousands) (1)(2)
2,2391,905
Average quarterly revenue per customer (2)(3)
$34.56$37.73
Churn rate (2)(4)(5)
2.59%3.14%
Cybersecurity and Martech
Customers (in thousands) (1)(6)
1,2511,395
Average quarterly revenue per customer (3)
$55.99$52.37
Churn rate (4)
3.13%3.28%
Consolidated Total
Customers (in thousands) (1)(2)(6)
3,4903,300
Average quarterly revenue per customer (2)(3)
$42.21$43.92
Churn rate (2)(4)(5)
2.85%3.20%
(1)    Represents the quarterly average of the end of month customer counts.
(2) The metric includes the sale of perpetual software licenses, revenue for which is recorded at a point-in time rather than over-time.
(3)    Represents quarterly gross subscription and licensing revenues divided by customers as defined in footnote (1).
(4) Churn rate is calculated as (i) the average revenue per customer in the prior month multiplied by the number of cancellations in the current month, calculated at each business and aggregated; divided by (ii) subscription and licensing revenue in the current month, calculated at each business and aggregated.
(5) Within the Digital Media segment, the churn rate calculation for Ookla includes the sum of the monthly revenue from the specific cancelled agreements in the numerator.
(6)    Resellers within Cybersecurity and Martech segment are counted as one customer when there is not visibility into the number of underlying customers served by the reseller.
(7)    Certain prior period key performance metrics in the consolidated table above have been adjusted for our Cybersecurity and Martech segment as a result of gaining greater transparency into a reseller relationship enabling us to identify the underlying customers and for our Digital Media segment to remove certain subscribers who have paused their subscription for more than one month and to include certain subscribers that are within the estimated active usage period of a lifetime subscription. The following table summarizes the adjustments made to previously reported amounts.
Three months ended September 30, 2023
Customers (in thousands) 69 
Average quarterly revenue per customer $(0.92)
Churn rate(0.02)%


Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
In the ordinary course of business, we have made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of results of operations and financial condition in the preparation of our financial statements. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates under different assumptions and conditions. Our critical accounting policies are described in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 26, 2024. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, there were no significant changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates. See Note 1 — Basis of Presentation and Overview in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional description of significant accounting policies of the Company.
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During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company reassessed the fair value of certain reporting units within the Digital Media and Cybersecurity and Martech reportable segments as a result of a sustained decline in the Company’s stock price, and forecasted reductions in revenue or earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”) in certain of its reporting units. Based on the quantitative fair value test of two reporting units within the Digital Media reportable segment, the carrying value of the reporting units exceeded their fair value, and the Company recorded an impairment of approximately $85.3 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company reassessed the fair value of certain reporting units within the Digital Media reportable segment as a result of forecasted reduction in revenue and EBITDA in the reporting unit, as well as an increase in interest rates and market volatility that could affect the Company’s assumptions on its discount rates. Based on the quantitative fair value test, the carrying value of one reporting unit exceeded its fair value, and the Company recorded an impairment of approximately $56.9 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.
During each period, the fair value of the relevant reporting unit was determined using an equal weighting of an income approach that was based on the discounted estimated future cash flows of the reporting unit and a market approach that uses the guideline public company approach. We believe the combination of these approaches provides an appropriate valuation because it incorporates the expected cash generation of the reporting unit in addition to how a third-party market participant would value the reporting unit based on public and private market information. As each business is assumed to continue in perpetuity, the discounted future cash flows include a terminal value. Determining fair value using a discounted estimated future cash flow analysis requires the exercise of significant judgment with respect to several items, including the amount and timing of expected future cash flows and appropriate discount rates. The expected cash flows used in the discounted cash flow analyses were based on the most recent forecast for the reporting unit. For years beyond the forecast period, the estimates were based, in part, on forecasted growth rates. The discount rate the Company used represents the estimated weighted average cost of capital, which reflects the overall level of inherent risk involved in its reporting unit operations and the rate of return a market participant would expect to earn. Determining fair value using a market approach considers multiples of financial metrics based on trading multiples of a selected peer group of companies. From the comparable companies, a representative market multiple is determined, which is applied to financial metrics to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit.
Following the impairments at two reporting units during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, there was no excess of fair value over the carrying value at those reporting units. So any further decrease in estimated fair value of these two reporting units will result in an additional impairment charge to goodwill. Further, as of September 30, 2024, there was one additional reporting unit within the Digital Media reportable segment that may be at risk of impairment. In total, goodwill for these three reporting units was $498.4 million as of September 30, 2024. Changes in market conditions, and key assumptions made in future quantitative assessments, including expected cash flows, competitive factors and discount rates, could negatively impact the results of future impairment testing and could result in the recognition of an impairment charge.
Results of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Digital Media
We expect our Digital Media business to improve as we integrate our recent acquisitions and grow over the longer term as advertising and performance marketing transactions continue to shift from offline to online, and we continue to expand our related platforms. The main focus of our platform monetization programs is to provide relevant and useful advertising and performance marketing to visitors to our websites, provide meaningful content that informs and shapes purchase intent, and leverage our brand, data, content, and editorial assets into subscription platforms. As a result, we expect to continue to take steps to improve the relevance of the ads displayed on our websites and those included within our advertising networks, and improve the effectiveness of our content in driving purchase decisions and subscriptions.
The operating margin we realize on revenues generated from ads placed on our websites is significantly higher than the operating margin we realize from revenues generated from those placed on third-party websites. Growth in advertising and performance marketing revenues from our websites has generally exceeded that from third-party websites. This trend has generally had a positive impact on our operating margins.
We expect acquisitions to remain an important component of our strategy and use of capital in this business; however, for a number of reasons, including macroeconomic conditions, in a given period, we may close greater or fewer acquisitions than in prior periods or acquisitions of greater or lesser significance than in prior periods. Moreover, future acquisitions of businesses with different business models, may impact Digital Media’s overall operating profit margins.
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Cybersecurity and Martech
The main focus of our Cybersecurity and Martech service offerings is to reduce or eliminate costs, increase sales and enhance productivity, mobility, business continuity, and security of our customers as the technologies and devices they use evolve over time. As a result, we expect to continue to take steps to enhance our existing offerings and offer new services to continue to satisfy the evolving needs of our customers.
We expect acquisitions to remain an important component of our strategy and use of capital in this business; however, for a number of reasons, including macroeconomic conditions, in a given period, we may close greater or fewer acquisitions than in prior periods or acquisitions of greater or lesser significance than in prior periods. Moreover, future acquisitions of businesses with different business models, may impact Cybersecurity and Martech’s overall operating profit margins.
Revenues
(in thousands, except percentages)
Three months ended September 30,Percentage ChangeNine months ended September 30,Percentage Change
2024202320242023
Revenues$353,580 $340,985 3.7%$988,865 $974,143 1.5%
Our revenues consist of revenues from our Digital Media business and our Cybersecurity and Martech business. Digital Media revenues primarily consist of advertising and performance marketing revenues and subscription and licensing revenues. Advertising and performance marketing revenues are earned from the delivery of advertising services on websites that are owned and operated by us or on those websites that are part of Digital Media’s advertising network, from fees paid for generating business leads, and other related products and services. Subscription and licensing revenues are primarily earned through the granting of access to, or delivery of, certain data products or services to customers and licensing and sale of editorial content and trademarks. Cybersecurity and Martech revenues primarily consist of revenues from “fixed” customer subscription and licensing revenues and “variable” revenues generated from actual usage of our services.
Our revenues increased during the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period primarily due to a $10.6 million increase in advertising and performance marketing revenue and $5.6 million increase in subscription and licensing revenue in our Digital Media business, partially offset by $3.0 million decrease in subscription and licensing revenue in our Cybersecurity and Martech business.
Our revenues increased during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period primarily due to a $14.5 million increase in subscription and licensing revenue and a $5.9 million increase in advertising and performance marketing revenue in our Digital Media business, partially offset by a $4.8 million decrease in subscription and licensing revenue in our Cybersecurity and Martech business.
Included in revenue during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $20.7 million and $40.0 million, respectively, of incremental revenue contributed by businesses acquired in 2024.
Direct costs
(in thousands, except percentages)Three months ended September 30,Percentage ChangeNine months ended September 30,Percentage Change
2024202320242023
Direct costs
$53,243 $55,526 (4.1)%$152,900 $148,677 2.8%
As a percent of revenues
15.1 %16.3 %15.5 %15.3 %
Direct costs represent the Company’s costs of revenue and primarily include costs associated with compensation for personnel directly involved in revenue generation, content fees, production costs, royalty fees, hosting and licensing costs, processing fees, and depreciation and amortization expense. The decrease in direct costs for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily due to a $2.0 million decrease in web hosting fees. The increase in direct costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily due to a $3.8 million increase in processing fees and a $2.4 million increase in database hosting fees, partially offset by a $2.3 million decrease in depreciation and amortization.
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Sales and Marketing
(in thousands, except percentages)Three months ended September 30,Percentage ChangeNine months ended September 30,Percentage Change
2024202320242023
Sales and marketing
$127,418 $125,062 1.9%$369,184 $360,916 2.3%
As a percent of revenues
36.0 %36.7 %37.3 %37.0 %
Sales and marketing costs consist primarily of internet-based advertising, sales and marketing, personnel costs, and other business development-related expenses. Our internet-based advertising relationships consist primarily of fixed cost and performance-based (e.g. cost-per-impression, cost-per-click, and cost-per-acquisition) advertising relationships with an array of online service providers. The increase in sales and marketing expenses during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the prior period was primarily due to a $5.2 million increase in personnel-related expenses, partially offset by a $2.8 million decrease in advertising expenses. The increase in sales and marketing expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily due to a $10.0 million increase in personnel-related expenses and $4.3 million increase in expenses for software purchases, partially offset by a $7.3 million decrease in advertising expenses.
Research, Development, and Engineering
(in thousands, except percentages)Three months ended September 30,Percentage ChangeNine months ended September 30,Percentage Change
2024202320242023
Research, development, and engineering
$15,255 $17,597 (13.3)%$49,824 $53,328 (6.6)%
As a percent of revenues
4.3 %5.2 %5.0 %5.5 %
Research, development, and engineering costs consist primarily of personnel-related expenses. The decrease in research, development, and engineering costs for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the prior period was primarily due to a $2.8 million decrease in personnel-related costs as a result of an increase in capitalized costs related to the nature of the projects during the third quarter of 2024 compared to 2023. The decrease in research, development, and engineering costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily due to a $3.6 million decrease in personnel-related costs as a result of an increase in capitalized costs related to the nature of the projects during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 2023.
General, Administrative, and Other Related Costs
(in thousands, except percentages)Three months ended September 30,Percentage ChangeNine months ended September 30,Percentage Change
2024202320242023
General, administrative, and other related costs
$101,695 $99,269 2.4%$296,558 $302,481 (2.0)%
As a percent of revenues
28.8 %29.1 %30.0 %31.1 %
Our general, administrative, and other related costs consist primarily of personnel-related expenses, depreciation and amortization, changes in the fair value associated with contingent consideration, share-based compensation expense, bad debt expense, professional fees, severance, and insurance costs. The increase in general, administrative, and other related costs for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily due to a $3.7 million increase in personnel-related expenses and a $2.1 million increase in legal-related fees, partially offset by a $4.1 million decrease in depreciation and amortization expense. The decrease in general, administrative, and other related costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily due to a $13.1 million decrease in depreciation and amortization expense and a $6.1 million decrease in expense from changes in estimated amounts of deferred acquisition payments related to previously acquired businesses, partially offset by a $9.0 million increase in personnel-related expenses and a $5.0 million increase in third-party debt modification costs, acquisition-related fees, and other legal-related fees.
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Goodwill Impairment on Business
Goodwill impairment on business was $85.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $56.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. The goodwill impairment during all periods was related to reporting units within the Digital Media reportable segment. Refer to Note 6 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets in Part I Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further details.
Share-Based Compensation Expense
The following table presents share-based compensation expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the periods presented (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Direct costs$68 $76 $191 $246 
Sales and marketing1,014 323 2,865 2,285 
Research, development, and engineering769 840 2,930 2,581 
General, administrative, and other related costs
8,310 5,535 24,647 19,281 
Total share-based compensation expense$10,161 $6,774 $30,633 $24,393 
Non-Operating Income and Expenses
The following table represents the components of non-operating income and expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): 
Three months ended September 30,Percentage ChangeNine months ended September 30,Percentage Change
2024202320242023
Interest expense, net$(4,024)$(2,817)42.8 %$(7,597)$(17,780)(57.3)%
Loss on sale of businesses— — 0.0%(3,780)— 100%
Loss on investments, net— (6,019)(100.0)%(7,654)(29,203)(73.8)%
Other (loss) income, net(2,633)(3,571)(26.3)%2,530 (5,982)NM
Total non-operating expense
$(6,657)$(12,407)(46.3)%$(16,501)$(52,965)(68.8)%
Interest expense, net. Interest expense is generated primarily from interest due on outstanding debt, partially offset by interest income generated from interest earned on cash, cash equivalents, and investments. Interest expense, net increased during the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period primarily due to lower interest income on investments due to a decline in cash equivalents. Interest expense, net decreased during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period primarily due to the absence from 2024 results of a non-recurring $7.7 million of interest expense related to the 1.75% Convertible Notes at a rate of 0.50% per annum.
Loss on sale of business. Loss on sale of business during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 represents the loss on disposal of an international business at Digital Media within the shopping vertical.
Loss on investments, net. Loss on investments, net is generated from realized and unrealized gains or losses from investments in equity and debt securities. Loss on investments, net recorded during the periods included the change in the fair value of our investment in Consensus common stock prior to the disposition of the investment and the results of the disposition of Consensus common stock, which occurred during the second quarter of 2024.
Other (loss) income, net. Other (loss) income, net is generated primarily from miscellaneous items and gains or losses on foreign currency. The change was primarily attributable to a reversal of a reserve established in connection with deferred consideration from a buyer of a previously disposed business during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and changes in gains or losses on foreign currency.
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Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate is based on pre-tax income, statutory tax rates, tax regulations (including those related to transfer pricing), and different tax rates in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. The tax bases of our assets and liabilities reflect our best estimates of the tax benefits and costs we expect to realize. When necessary, we establish valuation allowances to reduce our deferred tax assets to an amount that will more likely than not be realized. 
Provision for income taxes amounted to income tax expense of $(12.5) million and $(5.3) million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $(27.8) million and $(11.2) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our effective tax rate was (34.9)% and (20.7)% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and 149.0% and (1,040.8)% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The change in our effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily attributable to the following:
1.a larger goodwill impairment recognized for book purposes during 2024 as compared to 2023. For both years, since the impairment related to excess financial statement goodwill with no tax basis, no corresponding tax benefits were recognized;
2.an increase to tax expense in 2024 due to a discrete tax benefit of $1.8 million recognized during 2023 related to adjusting certain tax attributes with no similar event during 2024; and
3.an increase to tax expense in the third quarter of 2024 due to the absence of a $1.5 million discrete tax benefit recognized in the third quarter of 2023 related to the recognition of unrealized losses related to our investment in Consensus common stock, which was disposed of during the second quarter of 2024.
The change in our effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily attributable to the following:
1.a larger goodwill impairment recognized for book purposes during 2024 as compared to 2023. For both years, since the impairment related to excess financial statement goodwill with no tax basis, no corresponding tax benefits were recognized;
2.an increase in our effective income tax rate due to a recognition of a valuation allowance against a portion of our U.S. capital loss carryforwards, which resulted in a discrete tax charge of $2.5 million; and
3.a decrease in the amount of unrealized losses recognized on our investment in Consensus common stock, which resulted in a lower tax benefit during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes and in evaluating our tax positions on a worldwide basis. We believe our tax positions, including intercompany transfer pricing policies, are consistent with the tax laws in the jurisdictions in which we conduct our business. Certain of these tax positions have in the past been, and are currently being, challenged, and this may have a significant impact on our effective tax rate if our tax reserves are insufficient.
Equity Method Investment
(Loss) income from equity method investment, net of income taxes. Income or loss from equity method investment is primarily generated from our investment in the OCV Fund I, LP (the “OCV Fund”) for which we receive annual audited financial statements. The Company recognizes its equity in the net earnings or losses relating to the investment in the OCV Fund on a one-quarter lag due to the timing and availability of financial information from the OCV Fund. If the Company becomes aware of a significant decline in value that is other-than-temporary, the loss will be recorded in the period in which the Company identifies the decline.
Loss from equity method investment was $0.1 million, net of income tax, for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to income from equity method investment of $0.1 million, net of income tax, for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Income from equity method investment was $8.1 million, net of income tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to loss from equity method investments of $9.7 million, net of income tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in income from equity method investment, net during the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily due to a decline in the value of the underlying investment. The decrease in loss from equity method investment, net during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily due to an increase in the value of the underlying investment between the periods.
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Digital Media and Cybersecurity and Martech Results
Our businesses are based on the organization structure used by management for making operating and investment decisions and for assessing performance and have been aggregated into two reportable segments: (i) Digital Media and (ii) Cybersecurity and Martech.
We evaluate the performance of our segments based on revenues, including both external and inter-business net sales, and operating income. We account for inter-business sales and transfers based primarily on standard costs with reasonable mark-ups established between the businesses. Identifiable assets by business are those assets used in the respective business’ operations. Corporate assets consist of cash and cash equivalents, deferred income taxes, and certain other assets. All significant inter-business amounts are eliminated to arrive at our consolidated financial results.
Digital Media
The financial results are presented as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Revenues
$283,554 $267,934 $774,403 $754,880 
Inter-business revenues
13 17 33 152 
Total
283,567 267,951 774,436 755,032 
Operating costs and expenses308,309 280,856 732,554 702,752 
Operating (loss) income
$(24,742)$(12,905)$41,882 $52,280 
Digital Media’s revenues of $283.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $15.6 million, or 5.8%, compared to the prior period primarily due to a $10.6 million increase in advertising and performance marketing revenue and a $5.6 million increase in subscription and licensing revenue, partially offset by a $0.6 million decline in other revenue. The increase in advertising and performance marketing revenue was due primarily to higher revenue of $6.6 million within the Company’s technology business and $4.3 million within the Company’s gaming and entertainment business, both due primarily to acquisitions during 2024. The increase in subscription and licensing revenue was due primarily to higher revenue of $3.2 million within the connectivity business and $2.2 million within the Company’s health and wellness business.
Digital Media’s revenues of $774.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased $19.5 million, or 2.6%, compared to the prior period primarily due to a $14.5 million increase in subscription and licensing revenue and a $6.0 million increase in advertising and performance marketing revenue, partially offset by a $1.0 million decline in other revenue. The increase in subscription and licensing revenue was due primarily to higher revenue of $7.3 million within the Company’s connectivity business and $6.3 million within the health and wellness business. The increase in advertising and performance marketing revenue was due primarily to higher revenue of $7.7 million within the Company’s gaming and entertainment businesses and $6.1 million within the technology business, both due primarily to acquisitions during 2024, partially offset by lower advertising and performance marketing revenue of $7.2 million within the Company’s health and wellness businesses.
Digital Media’s operating costs and expenses of $308.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $27.5 million, or 9.8%, compared to the prior period due to higher goodwill impairment of $28.4 million in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023. Digital Media’s operating costs and expenses of $732.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased $29.8 million, or 4.2%, compared to the prior period primarily due to higher goodwill impairment of $28.4 million in the nine months of 2024 compared to the nine months of 2023 and higher sales and marketing expenses, partially offset by lower research, development, and engineering costs.
As a result of these factors, Digital Media’s operating loss of $24.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $11.8 million, or 91.7%, compared to the prior period. Digital Media’s operating income of $41.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $10.4 million, or 19.9%, compared to the prior period.
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Cybersecurity and Martech
The financial results are presented as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Revenues
$70,026 $73,051 $214,462 $219,263 
Inter-business revenues
13 — 13 — 
Total
70,039 73,051 214,475 219,263 
Operating costs and expenses55,158 60,541 168,638 181,633 
Operating income $14,881 $12,510 $45,837 $37,630 
Cybersecurity and Martech’s revenues of $70.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $3.0 million, or 4.1%, compared to the prior period. The decrease of $3.0 million was primarily driven by lower revenue of approximately $1.9 million within the Company’s cybersecurity business from the Company’s consumer privacy services.
Cybersecurity and Martech’s revenues of $214.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $4.8 million, or 2.2%, compared to the prior period. The decrease of $4.8 million was driven by lower revenue of approximately $3.1 million within the Company’s cybersecurity business from the Company’s consumer privacy services.
Cybersecurity and Martech’s operating costs and expenses of $55.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $5.4 million, or 8.9%, compared to the prior period primarily due to lower general, administrative, and related costs and lower direct costs. Cybersecurity and Martech’s operating costs and expenses of $168.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased $13.0 million, or 7.2%, compared to the prior period primarily due to lower general, administrative, and related costs and lower direct costs.
As a result of these factors, Cybersecurity and Martech’s operating income of $14.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased $2.4 million, or 19.0%. Cybersecurity and Martech’s operating income of $45.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased $8.2 million, or 21.8%.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity and capital resources are cash flows from operations and debt financing. We continue to invest in the development and expansion of our operations using available cash flows from operations. Ongoing investments include, but are not limited to, improvements in our offerings, investments in new products and services, acquisitions, and continued investments in sales and marketing. We also use cash flows from operations to service our debt obligations and for the repurchase of our shares.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Investments
Cash, cash equivalents, and investments consisted of (in thousands):
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents$386,122 $737,612 
Short-term investments— 27,109 
Long-term investments152,817 140,906 
Cash, cash equivalents and investments$538,939 $905,627 
Cash, cash equivalents, and investments held within domestic and foreign jurisdictions were as follows (in thousands):
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Cash, cash equivalents, and investments held in domestic jurisdiction$455,415 $742,010 
Cash, cash equivalents, and investments held in foreign jurisdiction83,524 163,617 
Cash, cash equivalents, and investments $538,939 $905,627 
For information on short-term and long-term investments of the Company, refer to Note 4 — Investments in Part I Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further details.
-42-


Financings
On June 18, 2024, the Company entered into a New Lender Joinder Agreement and Eighth Amendment (the “Joinder and Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement. The Joinder and Amendment provides for, among other things, (i) an increase in the Aggregate Revolving Loan Commitment by an aggregate principal amount of $250.0 million for a total of $350.0 million, (ii) an extension of the scheduled maturity date from April 7, 2026 to the earlier of (x) June 18, 2027 or (y) under certain limited circumstances, August 2, 2026, (iii) a “credit spread adjustment” for SOFR-based borrowings of 0.10% across all interest periods, (iv) the inclusion of limited conditionality borrowing mechanics with respect to certain borrowings and (v) certain other related amendments.
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were no amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement.
On July 16, 2024, the Company issued $263.1 million in aggregate principal amount of new 3.625% Convertible Notes due 2028 (the “3.625% Convertible Notes”) and paid an aggregate of approximately $135.0 million in cash in exchange for approximately $400.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 1.75% Convertible Notes (collectively, the “Exchange Transaction”) pursuant to separate, privately negotiated exchange agreements with certain holders of the 1.75% Convertible Notes. The Company also paid outstanding and accrued interest of $1.5 million on the exchanged 1.75% Convertible Notes. The 3.625% Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 3.625% per annum on the principal amount thereof, payable semi-annually in arrears on September 1 and March 1 of each year, beginning on March 1, 2025, to the noteholders of record of the 3.625% Convertible Notes as of the close of business on the immediately preceding August 15 and February 15, respectively. The 3.625% Convertible Notes will mature on March 1, 2028, unless earlier converted or repurchased. The 3.625% Convertible Notes can be settled in cash, the Company’s common stock, or a combination of cash and the Company’s common stock, at $0.01 par value per share, at the Company’s election. See Note 7 – Debt in Part I Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further details.
Material Cash Requirements
Ziff Davis’ long-term contractual obligations generally include its long-term debt as described in Note 7 – Debt in Part I Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, interest on long-term debt, lease payments on its property and equipment, and holdback amounts in connection with certain business acquisitions. These long-term contractual obligations extend through 2031.
As of September 30, 2024, we had outstanding $863.7 million in aggregate principal amount of indebtedness. As of September 30, 2024, our total future minimum lease payments were $24.4 million of which approximately $11.2 million future minimum lease payments are due in the succeeding twelve months.
As of September 30, 2024, our liability for uncertain tax positions was $37.0 million. In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into commitments including those related to cloud computing, information technology, security, and information and document management. The Company also has revenue sharing arrangements with annual minimum guarantees based upon third-party website advertising metrics and other contractual provisions.
We currently anticipate that our existing cash and cash equivalents, cash generated from operations, and availability under our revolving credit facility, will be sufficient to meet our anticipated needs for working capital, capital expenditures, and share repurchases, if any, for at least the next 12 months.
Cash Flows
The following table provides a summary of cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities (in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30,Change
20242023
Net cash provided by operating activities$232,082 $227,843 $4,239 
Net cash used in investing activities$(264,571)$(104,738)$(159,833)
Net cash used in financing activities$(323,096)$(116,810)$(206,286)
-43-


Operating Activities
Our net cash provided by operating activities resulted primarily from cash received from our customers offset by cash payments we made to third parties for their services, employee compensation, interest payments associated with our debt, and taxes. The $4.2 million increase in net cash provided by operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily related to the timing of collections from our customers and timing of payments to our vendors during the current period, partially offset by a reduction in prepaid expenses during the current period. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities includes the activities of TDS Gift Cards (“TDS”) from the date of the acquisition, which negatively impacted the Company’s net cash provided by operating activities by $33.0 million.
Investing Activities
The $159.8 million increase in net cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily related to higher cash used on business acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the 2023 period, partially offset by proceeds received on the sale of our investment in Consensus common stock and proceeds received related to the sale of disposed businesses.
Financing Activities
The $206.3 million increase in net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily related to cash used to settle a portion of the outstanding principal amount of the Company’s 1.75% Convertible Notes and increased share repurchases.
Stock Repurchase Program
On August 6, 2020, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) approved a program authorizing the repurchase of up to ten million shares of our common stock through August 6, 2025 (the “2020 Program”). On August 2, 2024 the Board authorized (i) an increase in its 2020 Program pursuant to which the Company may purchase up to an additional five million shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Additional Authorization”) and (ii) an extension of the expiration date of the share repurchase program from August 6, 2025 to August 2, 2029. As a result of the Additional Authorization, the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock under the 2020 Program increased from up to ten million shares to up to 15 million shares of the Company’s common stock. In connection with the authorization, the Company entered into certain Rule 10b5-1 trading plans with a broker-dealer to facilitate the repurchase program.
A summary of share repurchases under the 2020 Program during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is as follows (in thousands, except share amounts):
Total number of shares repurchased
Aggregate purchase price (1)
Shares remaining under repurchase authorization as of September 30, 2024
3,500,000$181,8336,241,308
(1)Includes the impact of excise taxes.
Cumulatively as of September 30, 2024, 8,758,692 shares have been repurchased under the 2020 Program, at an aggregate cost of $583.6 million (including excise tax). These shares were subsequently retired. Refer to Note 10 – Stockholders’ Equity in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further details.

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Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio and potential borrowings under our credit facility that would bear variable market interest rates. The primary objectives of our investment activities are to preserve our principal while at the same time maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. To achieve these objectives, we maintain our portfolio of cash equivalents and investments in a mix of instruments that meet high credit quality standards, as specified in our investment policy or otherwise approved by the Board. Our cash and cash equivalents are not subject to significant interest rate risk due to the short maturities of these instruments. As of September 30, 2024, the carrying value of our cash and cash equivalents approximated fair value. Our return on these investments is subject to interest rate fluctuations.
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $386.1 million and $737.6 million, respectively, of cash and cash equivalent investments primarily in funds that invest in U.S. treasuries, money market funds, as well as demand deposit accounts with maturities within three months or less. Currently, we do not have interest rate risk on our outstanding long-term debt as these arrangements have fixed interest rates. As of September 30, 2024, the carrying value and the fair value of our fixed rate debt was $863.7 million and $823.1 million, respectively. Following the Exchange Transaction, our fixed rate debt matures as follows: $149.1 million in 2026, $263.1 million in 2028, and $460.0 million in 2030. Interest rates have risen since certain of these sources of financing were obtained, thus, we may not be able to refinance this fixed rate debt at similar or favorable rates when it matures. Further, our revolving credit agreement bears interest at variable rates. However, during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we did not need to draw on this revolving credit agreement. If we need to draw on the revolving credit facility in the future, we will be exposed to interest rate changes. Refer to Note 5 — Fair Value Measurements and Note 7 — Debt to the Notes in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further details.
We cannot ensure that future interest rate movements will not have a material adverse effect on our future business, prospects, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows. To date, we have not entered into interest rate hedging transactions to control or minimize certain of these risks.
Market Risk
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we sold our remaining investment in Consensus common stock. The value of our investment in Consensus common stock was based upon the quoted market price of Consensus common stock. Prior to the sale of this investment, our results of operations and financial condition were materially impacted by increases or decreases in the price of Consensus common stock, which is traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market.
Foreign Currency Risk
We conduct business in certain foreign markets, primarily in Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, the European Union, Japan, Denmark, Sweden, and Norway. Our principal exposure to foreign currency risk relates to investment and intercompany debt in foreign subsidiaries that transact business in functional currencies other than the U.S. Dollar, primarily the Canadian Dollar, the British Pound Sterling, the Australian Dollar, the Euro, the Japanese Yen, the Danish Krone, the Swedish Krona, and the Norwegian Krone. If we are unable to settle our intercompany debts in a timely manner, we will remain exposed to foreign currency fluctuations.
As we expand our international presence, we become further exposed to foreign currency risk by entering new markets with additional foreign currencies. The economic impact of currency exchange rate movements is often linked to variability in real growth, inflation, interest rates, governmental actions, and other factors. These changes, if material, could cause us to adjust our financing and operating strategies.
As currency exchange rates change, translation of the income statements of the international businesses into U.S. Dollars affects year-over-year comparability of operating results.
Historically, we have not hedged translation risks because cash flows from international operations were generally reinvested locally; however, we may do so in the future. Our objective in managing foreign exchange risk is to minimize the potential exposure to changes that exchange rates might have on earnings, cash flows, and financial position.
During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, foreign exchange (losses) gains amounted to $(2.6) million and $1.1 million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, foreign exchange losses amounted to $(2.9) million and $(0.8) million, respectively.
Cumulative translation adjustments, net of tax, included in Other comprehensive income (loss), net for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $14.5 million and $(6.8) million, respectively; and for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $7.5 million and $(0.7) million, respectively.
-45-


We currently do not have derivative financial instruments for hedging, speculative, or trading purposes and, therefore, are not subject to such hedging risk. However, we may in the future engage in hedging transactions to manage our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As of September 30, 2024, under the supervision and with the participation of Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), management carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act), which occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2024 covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
-46-


PART II.   OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.Legal Proceedings
See discussion of legal proceedings in Note 8 — Commitments and Contingencies in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There has not been a material change in our risk factors since the filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
 None.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
On August 6, 2020, the Board approved a program authorizing the repurchase of up to ten million shares of our common stock through August 6, 2025 (the “2020 Program”). On August 2, 2024, the Board authorized (i) an increase in its 2020 Program pursuant to which the Company may purchase up to an additional five million shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Additional Authorization”) and (ii) an extension of the expiration date of the share repurchase program from August 6, 2025 to August 2, 2029. As a result of the Additional Authorization, the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock under the 2020 Program increased from up to ten million shares to up to 15 million shares of the Company’s common stock. In connection with the authorization, the Company entered into certain Rule 10b5-1 trading plans with a broker-dealer to facilitate the repurchase program. See Note 10 — Stockholders’ Equity in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Cumulatively, as of September 30, 2024, the Company repurchased 8,758,692 shares, under the 2020 Program, at an aggregate cost of $583.6 million (including excise tax), which were subsequently retired. See Note 10 — Stockholders’ Equity in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
As a result of the Company’s share repurchases, as of September 30, 2024, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for purchase under the 2020 Program was 6,241,308 shares.
The following table details the repurchases that were made under and outside the 2020 Program, on a trade date basis, during the three months ended September 30, 2024:
Period
Total Number of Shares
Purchased (1)
Average Price
Paid Per Share (2)
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or Program
Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet Be
Purchased Under the Plans or Program (3)
July 1, 2024 - July 31, 2024— $— — 3,241,308 
August 1, 2024 - August 31, 2024869,718 $46.32 868,669 7,372,639 
September 1, 2024 - September 30, 20241,132,746 $49.25 1,131,331 6,241,308 
Total2,002,464 2,000,000 6,241,308 
 
(1)Includes shares surrendered to the Company to pay the exercise price and/or to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with employee stock options and/or the vesting of restricted stock issued to employees.
(2)Excludes the impact of excise taxes.
(3)As of the last day of the applicable month.

Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

-47-


Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Item 5.Other Information

Insider Trading Arrangements and Policies
During the three months ended September 30, 2024, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K. Certain of our officers have made elections to participate in, and are participating in, our employee stock purchase plan and 401(k) plan and have made, and may from time to time make, elections to have shares withheld to cover withholding taxes or pay the exercise price of options, which may be designed to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act or may constitute non-Rule 10b5-1trading arrangements (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K).

Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit No.Description
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of J2 Global, Inc., dated as of June 10, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Ziff Davis’ Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 10, 2014. (File No. 0-25965))
101.INS*
Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH*
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.PRE*
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.LAB*
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
104*
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
*    Filed herewith.
**    Furnished herewith.


-48-


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
ZIFF DAVIS, INC.
(registrant)
Date:November 8, 2024By:/s/ VIVEK SHAH
Vivek Shah
Chief Executive Officer and a Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
Date:November 8, 2024By:/s/ BRET RICHTER 
Bret Richter
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Interim Principal Accounting Officer)

-49-


EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Vivek Shah, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Ziff Davis, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 
/s/ VIVEK SHAH
Vivek Shah
Dated:November 8, 2024Chief Executive Officer and a Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
 



EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Bret Richter, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Ziff Davis, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 
/s/ BRET RICHTER
Bret Richter
Dated:November 8, 2024Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Interim Principal Accounting Officer)
 



EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002


I, Vivek Shah, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.The accompanying quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2024 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Ziff Davis, Inc.
/s/ VIVEK SHAH
Vivek Shah
Dated:November 8, 2024Chief Executive Officer and a Director
(Principal Executive Officer)


A signed original of this certification required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.


EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002


I, Bret Richter, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.The accompanying quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2024 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Ziff Davis, Inc.
/s/ BRET RICHTER
Bret Richter
Dated:November 8, 2024Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Interim Principal Accounting Officer)


A signed original of this certification required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.


v3.24.3
Cover Page - shares
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Nov. 04, 2024
Document Information [Line Items]    
Document Type 10-Q  
Document Quarterly Report true  
Document Period End Date Sep. 30, 2024  
Document Transition Report false  
Entity File Number 0-25965  
Entity Registrant Name ZIFF DAVIS, INC.  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE  
Entity Tax Identification Number 47-1053457  
Entity Address, Address Line One 360 Park Avenue S,  
Entity Address, City or Town New York  
Entity Address, State or Province NY  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 10010  
City Area Code 212  
Local Phone Number 503-3500  
Title of 12(b) Security Common Stock, $0.01 par value  
Trading Symbol ZD  
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ  
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes  
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes  
Entity Filer Category Large Accelerated Filer  
Entity Small Business false  
Entity Emerging Growth Company false  
Entity Shell Company false  
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   42,741,314
Entity Central Index Key 0001084048  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2024  
Document Fiscal Period Focus Q3  
Amendment Flag false  
Former Address    
Document Information [Line Items]    
Entity Address, Address Line One 114 5th Avenue  
Entity Address, City or Town New York  
Entity Address, State or Province NY  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 10011  
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
ASSETS    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 386,122 $ 737,612
Short-term investments 0 27,109
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $7,352 and $6,871, respectively 470,550 337,703
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 94,345 88,570
Total current assets 951,017 1,190,994
Long-term investments 152,817 140,906
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $348,322 and $327,015, respectively 197,482 188,169
Intangible assets, net 470,774 325,406
Goodwill 1,572,854 1,546,065
Deferred income taxes 8,622 8,731
Other assets 65,879 70,751
TOTAL ASSETS 3,419,445 3,471,022
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY    
Accounts payable 371,498 123,256
Accrued employee related costs 33,829 50,068
Other accrued liabilities 36,557 43,612
Income taxes payable, current 10,470 14,458
Deferred revenue, current 204,029 184,549
Other current liabilities 11,011 15,890
Total current liabilities 667,394 431,833
Long-term debt 863,741 1,001,312
Deferred income taxes 53,577 45,503
Income taxes payable, noncurrent 0 8,486
Deferred revenue, noncurrent 7,513 8,169
Other long-term liabilities 74,908 82,721
TOTAL LIABILITIES 1,667,133 1,578,024
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
Preferred stock 0 0
Common stock, $0.01 par value. Authorized 95,000,000; total issued and outstanding 42,740,848 and 46,078,464 shares at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively 427 461
Additional paid-in capital 480,271 472,201
Retained earnings 1,335,083 1,491,956
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (63,469) (71,620)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 1,752,312 1,892,998
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 3,419,445 3,471,022
Series A Preferred Stock    
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY    
Preferred stock 0 0
Series B Preferred Stock    
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY    
Preferred stock $ 0 $ 0
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 7,352 $ 6,871
Accumulated depreciation $ 348,322 $ 327,015
Preferred stock, par value (in usd per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) 1,000,000 1,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) 0 0
Common stock, par value (in usd per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 95,000,000 95,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 42,740,848 46,078,464
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 42,740,848 46,078,464
Series A Preferred Stock    
Preferred stock, par value (in usd per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) 6,000 6,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) 0 0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 0 0
Series B Preferred Stock    
Preferred stock, par value (in usd per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) 20,000 20,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) 0 0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 0 0
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]        
Total revenues $ 353,580 $ 340,985 $ 988,865 $ 974,143
Operating costs and expenses:        
Direct costs 53,243 55,526 152,900 148,677
Sales and marketing 127,418 125,062 369,184 360,916
Research, development, and engineering 15,255 17,597 49,824 53,328
General, administrative, and other related costs 101,695 99,269 296,558 302,481
Goodwill impairment on business 85,273 56,850 85,273 56,850
Total operating costs and expenses 382,884 354,304 953,739 922,252
(Loss) income from operations (29,304) (13,319) 35,126 51,891
Interest expense, net (4,024) (2,817) (7,597) (17,780)
Loss on sale of businesses 0 0 (3,780) 0
Loss on investments, net 0 (6,019) (7,654) (29,203)
Other (loss) income, net (2,633) (3,571) 2,530 (5,982)
(Loss) income before income tax expense and (loss) income from equity method investment (35,961) (25,726) 18,625 (1,074)
Income tax expense (12,539) (5,335) (27,760) (11,180)
(Loss) income from equity method investment, net of tax (77) 90 8,095 (9,665)
Net loss $ (48,577) $ (30,971) $ (1,040) $ (21,919)
Net loss per common share:        
Basic (in dollars per share) $ (1.11) $ (0.67) $ (0.02) $ (0.47)
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ (1.11) $ (0.67) $ (0.02) $ (0.47)
Weighted average shares outstanding:        
Basic (in shares) 43,924,158 46,062,097 45,088,272 46,612,660
Diluted (in shares) 43,924,158 46,062,097 45,088,272 46,612,660
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]        
Net loss $ (48,577) $ (30,971) $ (1,040) $ (21,919)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:        
Foreign currency translation adjustment 14,514 (6,841) 7,521 (660)
Change in fair value on available-for-sale investments, net of tax expense of $118 and $93 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and tax expense of $200 and tax benefit of $37 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively 352 309 630 (80)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 14,866 (6,532) 8,151 (740)
Comprehensive (loss) income $ (33,711) $ (37,503) $ 7,111 $ (22,659)
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]        
Change in fair value on available-for-sale investments, net of tax expense (benefit) $ 118 $ 93 $ 200 $ (37)
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:    
Net loss $ (1,040) $ (21,919)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:    
Depreciation and amortization 151,945 167,333
Non-cash operating lease costs 8,392 7,248
Share-based compensation 30,633 24,393
Provision for credit losses on accounts receivable 2,289 2,296
Deferred income taxes (14,575) (25,658)
Loss on sale of businesses 3,780 0
Goodwill impairment on business 85,273 56,850
(Income) loss from equity method investments, net (8,095) 9,665
Loss on investments, net 7,654 29,203
Other 2,390 5,113
Decrease (increase) in:    
Accounts receivable 46,576 11,043
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (8,152) (10,059)
Other assets (2,794) (7,961)
Increase (decrease) in:    
Accounts payable (66,313) 1,955
Deferred revenue 9,269 (6,820)
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities (15,150) (14,839)
Net cash provided by operating activities 232,082 227,843
Cash flows from investing activities:    
Purchases of property and equipment (79,476) (82,476)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash received (211,526) (9,492)
Purchases of equity method investment 0 (11,790)
Proceeds from sale of equity investments 19,455 3,174
Proceeds from sale of businesses, net of cash divested 7,860 0
Other (884) (4,154)
Net cash used in investing activities (264,571) (104,738)
Cash flows from financing activities:    
Payment of debt (134,989) 0
Repurchase of common stock (183,981) (107,341)
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan 4,525 4,725
Deferred payments for acquisitions (7,442) (14,141)
Other (1,209) (53)
Net cash used in financing activities (323,096) (116,810)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 4,095 1,536
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (351,490) 7,831
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 737,612 652,793
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 386,122 $ 660,624
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Total
Common stock
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022   47,269,446      
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 1,892,611 $ 473 $ 439,681 $ 1,537,830 $ (85,373)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Net loss (21,919)     (21,919)  
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax expense (benefit) (740)       (740)
Issuance of restricted stock, net (in shares)   28,058      
Issuance of restricted stock, net (3,462)   (4,031) 569  
Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase plan (in shares)   87,098      
Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase plan 4,725 $ 1 4,724    
Issuance of common stock, net (in shares)   186,102      
Issuance of common stock, net 13,422 $ 2 13,420    
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (in shares)   (1,585,846)      
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (104,919) $ (16) (15,388) (89,515)  
Share-based compensation 24,393   24,393    
Other, net 27   13 14  
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023   45,984,858      
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023 1,804,138 $ 460 462,812 1,426,979 (86,113)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023   46,402,143      
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2023 1,862,682 $ 464 448,920 1,492,879 (79,581)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Net loss (30,971)     (30,971)  
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax expense (benefit) (6,532)       (6,532)
Issuance of restricted stock, net (in shares)   2,041      
Issuance of restricted stock, net (230)   (265) 35  
Issuance of common stock, net (in shares)   186,102      
Issuance of common stock, net 13,422 $ 2 13,420    
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (in shares)   (605,428)      
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (41,019) $ (6) (6,035) (34,978)  
Share-based compensation 6,774   6,774    
Other, net 12   (2) 14  
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023   45,984,858      
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023 $ 1,804,138 $ 460 462,812 1,426,979 (86,113)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 46,078,464 46,078,464      
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023 $ 1,892,998 $ 461 472,201 1,491,956 (71,620)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Net loss (1,040)     (1,040)  
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax expense (benefit) 8,151       8,151
Issuance of restricted stock, net (in shares)   69,795      
Issuance of restricted stock, net (3,948)   (5,450) 1,502  
Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase plan (in shares)   92,589      
Issuance of shares under employee stock purchase plan 4,525 $ 1 4,524    
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (in shares)   (3,500,000)      
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (181,830) $ (35) (24,973) (156,822)  
Share-based compensation 30,633   30,633    
Increase in fair value of conversion feature on Convertible Notes, net of tax effect 3,001   3,001    
Other, net $ (178)   335 (513)  
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024 42,740,848 42,740,848      
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024 $ 1,752,312 $ 427 480,271 1,335,083 (63,469)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024   44,740,322      
Beginning balance at Jun. 30, 2024 1,869,887 $ 447 476,232 1,471,543 (78,335)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]          
Net loss (48,577)     (48,577)  
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax expense (benefit) 14,866       14,866
Issuance of restricted stock, net (in shares)   526      
Issuance of restricted stock, net (110)   (198) 88  
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (in shares)   (2,000,000)      
Repurchase and retirement of common stock (96,920) $ (20) (9,250) (87,650)  
Share-based compensation 10,161   10,161    
Increase in fair value of conversion feature on Convertible Notes, net of tax effect 3,001   3,001    
Other, net $ 4   325 (321)  
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024 42,740,848 42,740,848      
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024 $ 1,752,312 $ 427 $ 480,271 $ 1,335,083 $ (63,469)
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Jul. 16, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Tax expense (benefit)   $ (118) $ (93) $ (200) $ 37
3.625% Convertible Notes          
Tax effect $ (1,000)        
3.625% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt          
Stated interest rate 3.625%        
v3.24.3
Basis of Presentation and Overview
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation and Overview Basis of Presentation and Overview
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Ziff Davis, Inc. and its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries (“Ziff Davis”, the “Company”, “our”, “us”, or “we”), were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), and all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The preparation of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. All normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of these interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were made.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the SEC on February 26, 2024 and other filings with the SEC.
The results of operations for this interim period are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that may be expected for the full year or for any future period.
Description of Business
Ziff Davis is a vertically focused digital media and internet company whose portfolio includes brands in technology, shopping, gaming and entertainment, connectivity, health and wellness, cybersecurity, and martech. Our Digital Media business specializes in the technology, shopping, gaming and entertainment, connectivity, and healthcare markets, offering content, tools, and services to consumers and businesses. Our Cybersecurity and Martech business provides cloud-based subscription and license services to consumers and businesses including cybersecurity, privacy, and marketing technology.
Significant Accounting Policies
The significant accounting policies followed by the Company are set forth in Note 1 to the Company's consolidated financial statements included in its Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Direct costs - Direct costs represent the Company’s costs of revenue and primarily include costs associated with compensation for personnel directly involved in revenue generation, content fees, production costs, royalty fees, hosting and licensing costs, processing fees, and depreciation and amortization expense.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, there have been no new or material changes to the significant accounting policies discussed in the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently issued applicable accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This update provides for optional financial reporting alternatives to reduce costs and complexities associated with accounting for contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform. This update applies only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference London Interbank Offer Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The accommodations were available for all entities through December 31, 2022, with early adoption permitted. This update was later amended by ASU 2022-06.
In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848. This update defers the expiration date of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 848 from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024. We do not anticipate that adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. The amendments in this update modify the disclosure or presentation requirements of a variety of Topics in the Codification. Certain of the amendments represent clarifications to or technical corrections of the current requirements. For entities subject to the SEC's existing disclosure requirements and entities required to file/furnish financial statements with or to the SEC in preparation for the sale of or for purposes of issuing securities
that are not subject to contractual restrictions on transfer, the effective date for which each amendment will be the date on the SEC's removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited. For all other entities, amendments will be effective two years later. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this update will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which provides for enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. This update enhances interim disclosure requirements, clarifies circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provides new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contains other disclosure requirements. The purpose of this update is to enable investors to better understand an entity’s overall performance and assess potential future cash flows. The update is required to be applied retrospectively to prior periods presented, based on the significant segment expense categories identified and disclosed in the period of adoption. The amendments in this update are required to be adopted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. This update will likely result in us including the additional required disclosures when adopted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of this update will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures and expect to adopt them for the year ended December 31, 2024.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in the update require public business entities on an annual basis to disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. This update also requires that entities disclose on an annual basis information about the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes and the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid is equal to or greater than a quantitative threshold. The amendments in this update are required to be adopted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect the adoption of this update will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
v3.24.3
Revenues
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenues Revenues
Digital Media
Digital Media revenues are earned primarily from the delivery of advertising and performance marketing services, licensing, and subscriptions to services and information.
Advertising and Performance Marketing
Revenues from the delivery of advertising services are earned on websites that are owned and operated by us and on those websites that are part of Digital Media’s advertising network. Depending on the individual contracts with the customer, revenue for these services is recognized over the contract period when any of the following performance obligations are satisfied: (i) when an advertisement is placed for viewing, (ii) when a qualified sales lead is delivered, (iii) when a visitor “clicks through” on an advertisement, or (iv) when commissions are earned upon the sale of an advertised product.
The Digital Media business also generates revenues from marketing, performance marketing, production services, and the management of client gift card programs. Such revenues are generally recognized over the period in which the products or services are delivered.
Subscription and Licensing
Revenues from subscriptions are earned through the granting of access to, or delivery of, data products or services to customers. Subscriptions cover video games and related content, health information, data, and other copyrighted material. Revenues are also earned from listing fees, subscriptions to online publications, and from other sources. Subscription revenues are primarily recognized over the contract term. Revenues related to the provision of access to historical data for certain services are recorded at the time of delivery.
The Digital Media business also generates revenues through the license of certain assets to clients. Assets are licensed for clients’ use in their own promotional materials or otherwise and may include logos, editorial reviews, or other copyrighted material that represent symbolic intellectual property, as defined in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenues under such license agreements are generally recognized over the contract term. In instances when technology assets in the form of functional intellectual property are licensed to our clients, revenues from the license of these assets are recognized at a point in time.
Digital Media subscription and licensing revenues also include revenues from transactions involving the sale of perpetual software licenses, related software support, and maintenance. Revenue is recognized for software transactions with multiple performance obligations after (i) the contract has been approved and we are committed to perform the respective obligations and (ii) we can identify and quantify each obligation and its respective selling price. Once the respective performance obligations have been identified and quantified, revenue will be recognized when the obligations are met, either over time or at a point in time, depending on the nature of the obligation.
Revenues from software license performance obligations are generally recognized upfront at the point in time that the software is made available to the customer for download and use. Revenues from related software support and maintenance are generally recognized ratably over the contractual period, because technical support, unspecified software product upgrades, maintenance releases, and patches are provided to customers on an as needed basis, and are available during the term of the support period. We are obligated to make the support services available continuously throughout the contract period.
Other
Other revenues primarily include those from the sale of hardware used in conjunction with software described above, online course revenue, and game publishing revenue. Hardware product and related software performance obligations, such as an operating system or firmware, are highly interdependent and interrelated and are accounted for as a bundled performance obligation. The revenues for this bundled performance obligation are generally recognized at the point in time that the hardware and software products are delivered and ownership is transferred to the customer.
Cybersecurity and Martech
The Company’s Cybersecurity and Martech revenues consist of subscription and licensing revenues which primarily include subscription and usage-based fees, a significant portion of which are paid in advance. The Company defers the portions of monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, and annual fees collected in advance of the satisfaction of performance obligations and recognizes them in the period earned.
Along with its numerous proprietary Cybersecurity and Martech solutions, the Company also generates subscription revenues by reselling various third-party solutions, primarily through its email security line of business. These third-party solutions, along with the Company’s proprietary products, allow it to offer customers a variety of solutions to better meet the customer’s needs. 
Principal vs. Agent
The Company determines whether revenue should be reported on a gross or net basis by assessing whether the Company is acting as the principal or an agent in the transaction, respectively. The Company records revenue on a gross basis with respect to revenue generated (i) by the Company serving online display and video advertising across its owned and operated web properties, on third-party sites, or on unaffiliated advertising networks; (ii) through the Company’s lead-generation business; and (iii) through the Company’s subscriptions, including the resale of various third-party solutions, primarily through its email security line of business. The Company records revenue on a gross basis with respect to reseller revenue because the Company has control of the specified good or service prior to transferring control to the customer. The Company records revenue on a net basis with respect to revenue paid to the Company by certain third-party advertising networks who serve online display and video advertising across the Company’s owned-and-operated web properties and certain third-party platforms, primarily related to the transfer of functional intellectual property. The Company records revenue on a net basis with respect to revenue earned from servicing the client gift card programs.
Disaggregated Revenues
Revenues from external customers classified by revenue source are as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Digital Media
Advertising and performance marketing
$193,626 $183,008 $520,063 $514,173 
Subscription and licensing
77,450 71,858 223,681 209,167 
Other12,491 13,085 30,692 31,692 
Total Digital Media revenues$283,567 $267,951 $774,436 $755,032 
Cybersecurity and Martech
Subscription and licensing
$70,039 $73,051 $214,475 $219,263 
Total Cybersecurity and Martech revenues$70,039 $73,051 $214,475 $219,263 
Elimination of inter-segment revenues(26)(17)(46)(152)
Total Revenues$353,580 $340,985 $988,865 $974,143 
The Company recorded $33.9 million and $27.8 million of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $166.3 million and $140.9 million of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which was previously included in the deferred revenue balance as of the beginning of each respective year.
Performance Obligations
The Company may be a party to multiple concurrent contracts with the same customers, or a party or parties related to those customers. Some of these situations may require judgment to determine if those arrangements should be accounted for as a single contract. Consideration of both the form and the substance of the arrangement is required. The Company’s contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations, including contracts when advertising and licensing services are sold together.
The Company determines the transaction price based on the amount to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for services provided. The Company includes any fixed consideration within its contracts as part of the total transaction price. The Company’s contracts occasionally contain some component of variable consideration, such as commissions that are recognized in the period of the commissionable event. The Company does not include in the transaction price taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are (i) both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and (ii) collected by us from the customer. Due to the nature of the services provided, there are no obligations for returns.
The Company satisfies its performance obligations upon delivery of services to its customers. Within the Digital Media business, the Company provides content to its advertising partners which the Company sells to its partners’ customer base and receives a revenue share based on the terms of the agreement.
Payment terms vary by type and location of our customers and the services offered. The time between invoicing and when payment is due is generally not significant.
Our Digital Media business consists primarily of performance obligations that are satisfied over time. This was determined based on a review of the contracts and the nature of the services offered, where the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of the services provided.
Revenue is recognized based on delivery of services over the contract period for advertising and on a straight-line basis or units of output basis over the contract period for subscriptions. The Company believes that the methods described are a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods and services.
The Digital Media business also has licensing arrangements that have standalone functionality. As a result, the performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time.
Our Cybersecurity and Martech business consists primarily of performance obligations that are satisfied over time. This has been determined based on the fact that the nature of services offered are subscription-based where the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of the services provided regardless of whether the customer uses the services. Depending on the individual contracts with the customer, revenue for these services is recognized over the contract period when any of the following materially distinct performance obligations are satisfied:
•Voice, email marketing, and search engine optimization as services are delivered.
•Consumer privacy services and data backup capabilities are provided.
•Security solutions, including email and endpoint are provided.
The Company has concluded the best measure of progress toward the complete satisfaction of the performance obligation is a time-based measure. The Company recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis throughout the subscription period, or as usage occurs, or when functional intellectual property is delivered for services outside of the subscription, and believes that the method used is a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods and services.
Transaction Price Allocation to Future Performance Obligations
As of September 30, 2024, the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to future performance obligations was approximately $80.3 million and is expected to be recognized as follows: 23% by December 31, 2024, 54% by December 31, 2025, and 23% thereafter. The amount disclosed does not include revenues related to performance obligations that are part of contracts with original expected durations of twelve months or less or portions of the contracts that remain subject to cancellations. Further, the disclosure does not include contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue in proportion to the amount it has the right to invoice for services performed.
v3.24.3
Business Acquisitions
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]  
Business Acquisitions Business Acquisitions
The Company uses acquisitions as a strategy to grow its customer base by increasing its presence in new and existing markets, expanding and diversifying its service offerings, enhancing its technology, and acquiring skilled personnel.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded $20.7 million and $40.0 million, respectively, of incremental revenue from the businesses acquired during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Net income contributed by these acquisitions was not separately identifiable due to the Company’s integration activities and is impracticable to provide.
2024 Acquisitions
The Company completed the following acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, paying the purchase price in cash in each transaction: (a) a purchase of 100% of the equity interest in TDS Gift Cards (“TDS”), acquired on February 5, 2024, a digital gifting and branded payments platform, which is reported within our Digital Media segment; (b) a purchase of 100% of the equity interest in CNET Media, Inc. and certain related entities (“CNET”), acquired on September 12, 2024, a digital media publication platform, which is reported within our Digital Media segment; and (c) one other immaterial Digital Media acquisition. The acquisition of TDS is expected to expand our ability to offer innovative shopping solutions to our merchant partners and broaden our capabilities to help facilitate commerce between consumers and some of the most highly visible brands. The acquisition of CNET is expected to allow us to reach a wider audience that is attractive to advertisers in the technology space. Total consideration for all businesses acquired in 2024 was $358.2 million, or $212.3 million, net of cash acquired.
The following table summarizes the allocation of the preliminary purchase consideration for the acquisition of TDS and CNET as of September 30, 2024 (in thousands):
Valuation
Assets and Liabilities
TDS (1)
CNET
Cash
$142,957 $— 
Accounts receivable and other current assets (2)
171,290 21,930 
Intangible assets
108,924 111,650 
Goodwill (2)
80,835 24,930 
Deferred tax asset, noncurrent (3)
— 7,355 
Other assets
289 655 
Accounts payable and other current liabilities
(290,266)(3,841)
Deferred tax liability, noncurrent
(25,580)— 
Deferred revenue, noncurrent
— (7,958)
Other noncurrent liabilities
(861)— 
Total
$187,588 $154,721 
(1)During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded a measurement period adjustment increasing goodwill by $0.3 million with a corresponding adjustment to current assets.
(2)The fair value of the assets acquired includes accounts receivable of $170.7 million for TDS and $21.2 million related to CNET, of which none is expected to be uncollectible. None of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.
(3)Deferred tax asset balance for CNET is presented within ‘Deferred income taxes’ on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The preliminary amounts assigned to intangible assets by type for all acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are summarized in the table below (in thousands):
Gross Carrying ValueWeighted Average Estimated Life
Customer relationships$152,595 10 years
Trade names and trademarks27,027 9 years
Other purchased intangibles46,703 5 years
Total gross carrying value$226,325 
The initial accounting for the 2024 acquisitions is incomplete due to the timing of available information and is subject to change. The Company has recorded provisional amounts for certain intangible assets as of September 30, 2024.
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations reflects the results of operations of the 2024 acquisitions since the date of each respective acquisition.
Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information for the 2024 Acquisitions
The following unaudited pro forma information reflects the combined results from these acquisitions had they occurred on January 1, 2023. This information is not necessarily indicative of the Company’s consolidated results of operations in future periods or the results that actually would have been realized had the Company and the acquired businesses been combined companies during the periods presented. These pro forma results are estimates and exclude any savings or synergies that would have resulted from these business acquisitions had they occurred on January 1, 2023. This unaudited pro forma supplemental information includes incremental intangible asset amortization and other charges as a result of the acquisitions, net of the related tax effects.
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)
2024202320242023
(unaudited)(unaudited)(unaudited)(unaudited)
Revenues$370,719 $378,343 $1,050,666 $1,075,400 
Net loss$(51,585)$(34,772)$(15,451)$(46,950)
Loss per common share - Basic$(1.17)$(0.75)$(0.34)$(1.01)
Loss per common share - Diluted$(1.17)$(0.75)$(0.34)$(1.01)
2023 Acquisitions
The Company completed two immaterial Digital Media acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, paying the purchase price in cash in each transaction.
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations reflects the results of operations of the 2023 acquisitions since the date of each respective acquisition.
Goodwill recognized associated with these acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $6.3 million, all of which is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Approximately $7.2 million of definite-lived intangibles were recorded in connection with these acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.
v3.24.3
Investments
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investments Investments
Investments consist of equity and debt securities.
Investment in equity securities
On October 7, 2021, we completed the separation of our cloud fax business (the “Separation”) into an independent publicly traded company. Following the Separation, the Company retained shares of publicly traded common stock of Consensus Cloud Solutions, Inc. (“Consensus”). During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company sold zero and 52,393 shares, respectively, of common stock of Consensus in the open market. As of December 31, 2023, the Company held approximately 1.0 million shares of the common stock of Consensus with the carrying value of $27.1 million, which was included in ‘Short-term investments’ in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company accounted for its investment in Consensus at fair value under the fair value option, and the related fair value gains and losses were recognized in earnings. During the second quarter of 2024, the Company sold its remaining 1,034,295 shares of Consensus common stock in the open market. For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, losses of zero and $6.0 million, respectively, were recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, losses of $7.7 million and $29.2 million, respectively, were recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
On July 31, 2023, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase $25.0 million of equity in Xyla, Inc. (“Xyla”) for a minority ownership stake. This minority investment was made in the form of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company accounts for its investment in Xyla as an equity investment without a readily determinable fair value measured under the measurement alternative in accordance with ASC Topic 321, Investments — Equity Securities. As of each September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the carrying value of the investment in Xyla was $25.3 million, including transaction costs, and is included in ‘Long-term investments’ in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Investment in corporate debt security
On April 12, 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with an entity to acquire 4% convertible notes with an aggregate value of $15.0 million. On May 19, 2023, the Company entered into the Note Amendment Agreement (the “Amendment”) with respect to the same entity. The Amendment increased the interest rate on the convertible notes to 6%, extended the maturity date, and subordinated all existing and future obligations, liabilities, and indebtedness of the entity to the entity’s senior creditor, as defined in the Amendment. This investment is included in ‘Long-term investments’ in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and is classified as available-for-sale. The investment was initially measured at its transaction price and subsequently remeasured at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of other comprehensive income.
As of September 30, 2024, both the carrying value and the maximum exposure of the Company’s investment in corporate debt securities was approximately $16.5 million, with a contractual maturity date that was more than one year but less than five years. As of December 31, 2023, both the carrying value and the maximum exposure of the Company’s investment in corporate debt securities was approximately $15.7 million, with a contractual maturity date that was more than one year but less than five years. Cumulative gross unrealized gains on investment in corporate debt securities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were approximately $1.5 million and $0.7 million, respectively.
 There were no investments in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not recognize any other-than-temporary impairment losses on its debt securities.
Equity method investment
On September 25, 2017, the Company entered into a commitment to invest in OCV Fund I, LP (the “OCV Fund”). The Company recognizes its equity in the net earnings or losses relating to the investment in the OCV Fund on a one-quarter lag due to the timing and availability of financial information from the OCV Fund. If the Company becomes aware of a significant decline in value that is other-than-temporary, the loss will be recorded in the period in which the Company identifies the decline.
During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized (loss) income from the equity method investment of $(0.1) million and $0.1 million, net of tax benefit (expense), respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized income (loss) from the equity method investment of $8.1 million and $(9.7) million, net of tax (expense) benefit, respectively. The income (loss) in the periods presented were primarily the result of gains or losses in the underlying investments.
As of September 30, 2024, both the carrying value and the maximum exposure of the Company’s equity method investment was approximately $110.9 million. As of December 31, 2023, both the carrying value and the maximum exposure of the Company’s equity method investment was approximately $99.9 million. These equity securities are included in ‘Long-term investments’ in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As a limited partner, the Company’s maximum exposure to loss is limited to its proportional ownership in the partnership. In addition, the Company is not required to contribute any future capital. Finally, there are no call or put options, or other types of arrangements, which limit the Company’s ability to participate in losses and returns of the OCV Fund.
v3.24.3
Fair Value Measurements
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
The Company complies with the provisions of ASC 820, which defines fair value, provides a framework for measuring fair value and expands the disclosures required for fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, ASC 820 establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value.
§Level 1 – Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
§Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
§Level 3 – Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s money market funds are classified within Level 1. The Company values these Level 1 investments using quoted market prices.
The fair value of the Company’s investment in Consensus common stock was determined using quoted market prices, which is a Level 1 input. On May 22, 2024, the Company sold its remaining investment in Consensus common stock (see Note 4 - Investments).
The Company has investment in a corporate debt security that does not have a readily determinable fair value because the acquired securities are privately held, not traded on any public exchanges and not an investment in a mutual fund or similar investment. The investment in corporate debt securities is classified as available-for-sale and is initially measured at its transaction price. The fair value of the corporate debt securities is determined primarily based on estimates and assumptions, including Level 3 inputs. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair value was determined based upon various probability-weighted scenarios which included discount rate assumptions between 13% and 15%, depending on the probability scenario. In addition, the determination of fair value included a conversion timeframe of approximately one to two years, depending on the probability scenario, as of September 30, 2024 and as of December 31, 2023.
The Company classifies its contingent consideration liability in connection with acquisitions within Level 3 because factors used to develop the estimated fair value are unobservable inputs, such as volatility and market risks, and are not supported by market activity. The valuation approaches used to value Level 3 investments considers unobservable inputs in the market such as time to liquidity, volatility, dividend yield, and breakpoints. Significant increases or decreases in any of the inputs in isolation could result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the contingent consideration was determined using a 100% probability of payout at the maximum amount, without any other estimates applied.
The following tables present the fair values of the Company’s financial assets or liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
September 30, 2024Level 1Level 2Level 3Fair ValueCarrying Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market and other funds$49,568 $— $— $49,568 $49,568 
Long-term investments:
Investment in corporate debt securities— — 16,529 16,529 16,529 
Total assets measured at fair value$49,568 $— $16,529 $66,097 $66,097 
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
Total liabilities measured at fair value$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
December 31, 2023Level 1Level 2Level 3Fair ValueCarrying Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market and other funds$340,928 $— $— $340,928 $340,928 
Short-term investments:
Consensus common stock27,109 — — 27,109 27,109 
Long-term investments:
Investment in corporate debt securities— — 15,699 15,699 15,699 
Total assets measured at fair value$368,037 $— $15,699 $383,736 $383,736 
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
Total liabilities measured at fair value$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
At the end of each reporting period, management reviews the inputs to the fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities to determine when transfers between levels are deemed to have occurred. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, there were no transfers that occurred between levels.
The following table presents a reconciliation of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets and liabilities related to our contingent consideration arrangements and investment in corporate debt securities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Contingent Consideration ArrangementsCorporate Debt SecuritiesContingent Consideration ArrangementsCorporate Debt Securities
Balance as of January 1$2,834 $15,699 $555 $15,586 
Fair value at date of acquisition— — 2,834 — 
Fair value adjustments (1)
— 830 — (117)
Balance as of September 30$2,834 $16,529 $3,389 $15,469 
(1)The fair value adjustments to the corporate debt securities in the table above were recorded in ‘Change in fair value on available-for-sale investments, net’ in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, right-of-use assets, and property, plant and equipment, are adjusted to fair value only when an impairment is recognized. The Company’s financial assets, comprised of equity securities without readily determinable fair value, are adjusted to fair value when observable price changes are identified or due to impairment. Such fair value measurements are based predominately on Level 3 inputs. See Note 7 - Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information on goodwill impairment charges recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Other Fair Value Disclosures
The fair value of the Company’s 4.625% Senior Notes, 3.625% Convertible Notes, and 1.75% Convertible Notes (as defined in Note 7 — Debt) was determined using quoted market prices or dealer quotes for instruments with similar maturities and other terms and credit ratings, which are Level 1 inputs. If such information is not available for the 1.75% Convertible Notes and 3.625% Convertible Notes, the fair value is determined using cash flow models of the scheduled payments discounted at market interest rates for comparable debt without the conversion feature.
The following table presents the carrying value and the fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value only for disclosure purposes (in thousands):
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Carrying ValueFair ValueCarrying ValueFair Value
4.625% Senior Notes
$457,106 $432,785 $456,796 $405,408 
1.75% Convertible Notes (1)
$148,062 $138,850 $544,516 $519,492 
3.625% Convertible Notes (2)
$258,573 $251,484 $— $— 
(1)On July 16, 2024, the Company exchanged approximately $400.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 1.75% Convertible Notes as part of the Exchange Transaction. The Company issued $263.1 million in aggregate principal amount of new 3.625% Convertible Notes, as defined in Note 7 — Debt, and paid an aggregate of approximately $135.0 million in cash. Refer to Note 7 — Debt for additional information.
v3.24.3
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The changes in carrying amounts of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are as follows (in thousands):
Digital MediaCybersecurity and MartechConsolidated
Balance as of January 1, 2024
$1,016,880 $529,185 $1,546,065 
Goodwill acquired (1)
112,534 — 112,534 
Goodwill removed due to sale of businesses (2)
(3,983)— (3,983)
Goodwill impairment(85,273)— (85,273)
Foreign exchange translation1,180 2,331 3,511 
Balance as of September 30, 2024$1,041,338 $531,516 $1,572,854 
(1)Goodwill recognized in connection with the acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 (see Note 3 — Business Acquisitions), which is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.
(2)During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, in a cash transaction, the Company sold an international business at Digital Media within its shopping vertical, which resulted in $4.0 million of goodwill being removed in connection with this sale.
Goodwill as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 reflects accumulated impairment losses of $169.5 million and $84.2 million, respectively, in the Digital Media reportable segment.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company reassessed the fair value of certain reporting units within the Digital Media and Cybersecurity and Martech reportable segments as a result of a sustained decline in the Company’s stock price, and forecasted reductions in revenue or earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”) in certain of its reporting units. Based on the quantitative fair value test of two reporting units within the Digital Media reportable segment, the carrying value of the reporting units exceeded their fair value, and the Company recorded an impairment of approximately $85.3 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company reassessed the fair value of certain reporting units within the Digital Media reportable segment as a result of forecasted reduction in revenue and EBITDA in the reporting unit, as well as an increase in interest rates and market volatility that could affect the Company’s assumptions on its discount rates. Based on the quantitative fair value test, the carrying value of one reporting unit exceeded its fair value, and the Company recorded an impairment of approximately $56.9 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.
During each period, the fair value of the relevant reporting unit was determined using an equal weighting of an income approach that was based on the discounted estimated future cash flows of the reporting unit and a market approach that uses the guideline public company approach. We believe the combination of these approaches provides an appropriate valuation because it incorporates the expected cash generation of the reporting unit in addition to how a third-party market participant would value the reporting unit based on public and private market information. As each business is assumed to continue in perpetuity, the discounted future cash flows include a terminal value. Determining fair value using a discounted estimated future cash flow analysis requires the exercise of significant judgment with respect to several items, including the amount and timing of expected future cash flows and appropriate discount rates. The expected cash flows used in the discounted cash flow analyses were based on the most recent forecast for the reporting unit. For years beyond the forecast period, the estimates were based, in part, on forecasted growth rates. The discount rate the Company used represents the estimated weighted average cost of capital, which reflects the overall level of inherent risk involved in its reporting unit operations and the rate of return a market participant would expect to earn. Determining fair value using a market approach considers multiples of financial metrics based on trading multiples of a selected peer group of companies. From the comparable companies, a representative market multiple is determined, which is applied to financial metrics to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit.
Following the impairments at two reporting units during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, there was no excess of fair value over the carrying value at those reporting units. So any further decrease in estimated fair value of these two reporting units will result in an additional impairment charge to goodwill. Further, as of September 30, 2024, there was one additional reporting unit within the Digital Media reportable segment that may be at risk of impairment. In total, goodwill for these three reporting units was $498.4 million as of September 30, 2024. Changes in market conditions, and key assumptions made in future quantitative assessments, including expected cash flows, competitive factors and discount rates, could negatively impact the results of future impairment testing and could result in the recognition of an impairment charge.
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization
As of September 30, 2024, intangible assets subject to amortization relate primarily to the following (in thousands):
Historical
Cost		Accumulated
Amortization		Net
Trade names and trademarks$375,332 $214,695 $160,637 
Customer relationships
847,121 603,979 243,142 
Other purchased intangibles427,589 360,594 66,995 
Total$1,650,042 $1,179,268 $470,774 

As of December 31, 2023, intangible assets subject to amortization relate primarily to the following (in thousands):
Historical
Cost		Accumulated
Amortization		Net
Trade names and trademarks$347,895 $192,111 $155,784 
Customer relationships
692,634 555,384 137,250 
Other purchased intangibles379,703 347,331 32,372 
Total$1,420,232 $1,094,826 $325,406 

Amortization expense, included in ‘General, administrative, and other related costs’ in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, was approximately $28.5 million and $33.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $82.5 million and $100.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
v3.24.3
Debt
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Debt Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
4.625% Senior Notes
$460,038 $460,038 
1.75% Convertible Notes
149,109 550,000 
3.625% Convertible Notes
263,147 — 
Total Notes872,294 1,010,038 
Credit Agreement— — 
Less: Unamortized discount(6,015)(2,463)
Deferred issuance costs (1)
(2,538)(6,263)
Total long-term debt$863,741 $1,001,312 
(1)Includes $0.7 million and $0.8 million of carrying amount of deferred issuance costs on the 4.625% Senior Notes as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, $1.0 million and $5.5 million of carrying amount of deferred issuance costs on the 1.75% Convertible Notes as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and $0.8 million of carrying amount of deferred issuance costs on the 3.625% Convertible Notes as of September 30, 2024.
As of September 30, 2024, $149.1 million of principal of 1.75% Convertible Notes will mature in 2026, $263.1 million of principal of 3.625% Convertible Notes will mature in 2028, and $460.0 million of principal of 4.625% Senior Notes will mature in 2030.
4.625% Senior Notes
On October 7, 2020, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 4.625% senior notes due 2030 (the “4.625% Senior Notes”) in a private placement offering exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company received proceeds of $742.7 million, net of the initial purchasers’ discounts, commissions and offering expenses. The net proceeds were used to redeem all of its then outstanding 6.0% Senior Notes due in 2025 and, the remaining net proceeds were available for general corporate purposes which may include acquisitions and the repurchase or redemption of other outstanding indebtedness.
These senior notes bear interest at a rate of 4.625% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15 of each year, commencing on April 15, 2021. The 4.625% Senior Notes mature on October 15, 2030, and are senior unsecured obligations of the Company which are guaranteed, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis by certain of the Company’s existing and future domestic direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Guarantors”). If the Company or any of its restricted subsidiaries acquires or creates a domestic restricted subsidiary, other than an Insignificant Subsidiary (as defined in the indenture pursuant to which the 4.625% Senior Notes were issued (the “Indenture”)), after the issue date, or any Insignificant Subsidiary ceases to fit within the definition of Insignificant Subsidiary, such restricted subsidiary is required to unconditionally guarantee, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis, the Company’s obligations under the 4.625% Senior Notes.
The Company may redeem some or all of the 4.625% Senior Notes at any time on or after October 15, 2025 at specified redemption prices plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, up to, but excluding the redemption date. In addition, at any time prior to October 15, 2025, the Company may redeem some or all of the 4.625% Senior Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date, plus an applicable “make-whole” premium. The discount and deferred issuance costs are being amortized, at an effective interest rate of 4.7%, to interest expense through the maturity date.
The Indenture contains covenants that restrict the Company’s ability to (i) pay dividends or make distributions on the Company’s common stock or repurchase the Company’s capital stock; (ii) make certain restricted payments; (iii) create liens or enter into sale and leaseback transactions; (iv) enter into transactions with affiliates; (v) merge or consolidate with another company; and (vi) transfer and sell assets. These covenants contain certain exceptions. Restricted payments are applicable only if the Company and subsidiaries designated as restricted subsidiaries have a net leverage ratio of greater than 3.5 to 1.0. In addition, if such net leverage ratio is in excess of 3.5 to 1.0, the restriction on restricted payments is subject to various exceptions, including the total aggregate amount not exceeding the greater of (A) $250 million and (B) 50.0% of EBITDA for the most recently ended four fiscal quarter period ended immediately prior to such date for which internal financial statements are available. The Company is in compliance with its debt covenants for the 4.625% Senior Notes as of September 30, 2024.
Cumulatively as of September 30, 2024, the Company has repurchased approximately $290 million in aggregate principal of its 4.625% Senior Notes. There were no repurchases of 4.625% Senior Notes during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023.
1.75% Convertible Notes
On November 15, 2019, the Company issued $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.75% convertible senior notes due November 1, 2026 (the “1.75% Convertible Notes”). The Company received proceeds of $537.1 million in cash, net of purchasers’ discounts and commissions and other debt issuance costs. A portion of the net proceeds were used to pay off all amounts outstanding under the then-existing credit facility. The 1.75% Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 1.75% per annum, payable semiannually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on May 1, 2020. The 1.75% Convertible Notes will mature on November 1, 2026, unless earlier converted or repurchased.
On July 16, 2024, the Company exchanged approximately $400.9 million in aggregate principal amount of its 1.75% Convertible Notes as part of the Exchange Transaction, as defined below. As of September 30, 2024, the remaining principal amount of the 1.75% Convertible Notes was $149.1 million. The Company also paid outstanding and accrued interest of $1.5 million on the exchanged 1.75% Convertible Notes during the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Under certain conditions set forth in the indenture, the 1.75% Convertible Notes bear additional interest of 0.50% per annum payable semiannually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on May 1, 2021. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded $0.3 million and $7.7 million of interest expense related to the 1.75% Convertible Notes for such additional interest. In August 2023, $7.0 million of this interest obligation was paid by the Company to the trustee under the indenture for the 1.75% Convertible Notes, which was paid to holders of record in August
2023. The Company paid its remaining obligation of approximately $0.7 million as of November 1, 2023. As of August 1, 2023, the Company has complied with the conditions set forth in the indenture. As such, the cumulative $7.7 million interest expense was non-recurring.
Holders may surrender their 1.75% Convertible Notes for conversion at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding July 1, 2026 only under the following circumstances: (i) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2020 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding the calendar quarter is greater than 130% of the applicable conversion price of the 1.75% Convertible Notes on each such applicable trading day; (ii) during the five business day period following any 10 consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such trading day; or (iii) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after July 1, 2026, and prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. The Company will settle conversions of the 1.75% Convertible Notes by paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination thereof at the Company’s election. The Company currently intends to satisfy its conversion obligation by paying and delivering a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock. Holders of the notes will have the right to require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their notes upon the occurrence of certain corporate events, subject to certain conditions. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the market trigger conditions did not meet the conversion requirements of the 1.75% Convertible Notes and, accordingly, the 1.75% Convertible Notes are classified as long-term debt on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As of September 30, 2024, the conversion rate is 9.3783 shares of the Company’s common stock for each $1,000 principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes (or 1,398,391 shares), which represents a conversion price of approximately $106.63 per share of the Company’s common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment for certain events as set forth in the indenture governing the 1.75% Convertible Notes, but will not be adjusted for accrued interest. In addition, upon the occurrence of a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” (as defined in the 1.75% Convertible Note indenture), the Company will increase the conversion rate for a holder that elects to convert its 1.75% Convertible Notes in connection with such a corporate event in certain circumstances.
The Company may not redeem the 1.75% Convertible Notes prior to November 1, 2026, and no sinking fund is provided for the 1.75% Convertible Notes.
The 1.75% Convertible Notes are the Company’s general senior unsecured obligations and rank: (i) senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 1.75% Convertible Notes; (ii) equal in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is not so subordinated; (iii) effectively junior to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and (iv) structurally junior to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities incurred by the Company’s subsidiaries.
The following table provides the components of interest expense related to the 1.75% Convertible Notes (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Contractual interest expense$964 $2,746 $5,777 $14,963 
Amortization of discount and deferred issuance costs
185 466 1,128 1,395 
Total interest expense related to 1.75% Convertible Notes
$1,149 $3,212 $6,905 $16,358 
3.625% Convertible Notes
On July 16, 2024, the Company issued $263.1 million in aggregate principal amount of new 3.625% Convertible Notes due 2028 (the “3.625% Convertible Notes”) and paid an aggregate of approximately $135.0 million in cash in exchange for approximately $400.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 1.75% Convertible Notes (collectively, the “Exchange Transaction”) pursuant to separate, privately negotiated exchange agreements with certain holders of the 1.75% Convertible Notes. The Exchange Transaction was accounted for as a debt modification, and accordingly, no gain or loss was recognized. In connection with the Exchange Transaction, the Company recognized an increase in the fair value of the conversion feature of the 3.625% Convertible Notes compared to the fair value of the conversion feature of the 1.75% Convertible Notes of $4.0 million, partially offset by an increase to deferred tax liabilities of $1.0 million, which is included in ‘Additional paid-in capital’ on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and a corresponding reduction to the carrying value of the 3.625% Convertible Notes. The discount and deferred issuance costs are being amortized, at an effective interest rate of 4.2%, to interest expense through the maturity date.
The 3.625% Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 3.625% per annum on the principal amount thereof, payable semi-annually in arrears on September 1 and March 1 of each year, beginning on March 1, 2025, to the noteholders of record of the 3.625% Convertible Notes as of the close of business on the immediately preceding August 15 and February 15, respectively. The 3.625% Convertible Notes will mature on March 1, 2028, unless earlier converted or repurchased. The 3.625% Convertible Notes can be settled in cash, the Company’s common stock, or a combination of cash and the Company’s common stock, at $0.01 par value per share, at the Company’s election.
Holders may surrender their 3.625% Convertible Notes for conversion at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding December 1, 2027 only under the following circumstances: (i) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on September 30, 2024 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the applicable conversion price of the 3.625% Convertible Notes on each such applicable trading day; (ii) during the five business day period following any 10 consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 3.625% Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such trading day; or (iii) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On or after December 1, 2027, and prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances, at an initial conversion rate of 10 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 3.625% Convertible Notes. The Company will settle conversions of the 3.625% Convertible Notes by paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of the Company’s common stock or a combination thereof at the Company’s election. Holders of the notes will have the right to require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their notes upon the occurrence of certain corporate events, subject to certain conditions. As of September 30, 2024, the market trigger conditions did not meet the conversion requirements of the 3.625% Convertible Notes and, accordingly, the 3.625% Convertible Notes are classified as long-term debt on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As of September 30, 2024, the conversion rate of the 3.625% Convertible Notes is 10 shares per $1,000 principal amount of the 3.625% Convertible Notes (or 2,631,470 shares), which represents an initial conversion price of $100 per share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events as set forth in the indenture governing the 3.625% Convertible Notes, but will not be adjusted for accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, upon the occurrence of a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change”, as defined in the 3.625% Convertible Note Indenture, the Company will in certain circumstances increase the conversion rate for a holder that elects to convert its 3.625% Convertible Notes in connection with such a corporate event.
The Company may not redeem the 3.625% Convertible Notes prior to the maturity date, and no sinking fund is provided for the 3.625% Convertible Notes.
The 3.625% Convertible Notes are the Company’s general senior unsecured obligations and rank: (i) senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 3.625% Convertible Notes; (ii) equal in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is not so subordinated; (iii) effectively junior to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and (iv) structurally junior to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities incurred by the Company’s subsidiaries.
The following table provides the components of interest expense related to the 3.625% Convertible Notes (in thousands):
Three months ended
September 30, 2024
Coupon interest expense$1,987 
Amortization of discount and debt issuance costs
258 
Total interest expense related to 3.625% Convertible Notes
$2,245 
Credit Agreement
On April 7, 2021, the Company entered into a $100.0 million credit agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). On June 18, 2024, the Company entered into a New Lender Joinder Agreement and Eighth Amendment (the “Joinder and Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement. The Joinder and Amendment provides for, among other things, (i) an increase in the Aggregate Revolving Loan Commitment by an aggregate principal amount of $250.0 million for a total of $350.0 million, (ii) an extension of the scheduled maturity date from April 7, 2026 to the earlier of (x) June 18, 2027 or (y) under certain limited circumstances, August 2, 2026, (iii) a “credit spread adjustment” for SOFR-based borrowings of 0.10% across all interest periods, (iv) the inclusion of limited conditionality borrowing mechanics with respect to certain borrowings and (v) certain other related amendments.
At the Company’s option, amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement will bear interest at either (i) a base rate equal to the greater of (x) the Federal Funds Effective Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) in effect on such day plus 0.5% per annum, (y) the rate of interest per annum most recently announced by the Agent (as defined in the Credit Agreement) as its U.S. Dollar “Reference Rate”, and (z) one month Term SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus a credit spread adjustment plus 1.00% or (ii) a rate per annum equal to Term SOFR plus a credit spread adjustment, in each case, plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin relating to any base rate loan will range from 0.50% to 1.25% and the applicable margin relating to any Term SOFR loan will range from 1.50% to 2.25%, in each case, depending on the total leverage ratio of the Company, plus a credit spread adjustment equal to 0.10%. The Company is permitted to make voluntary prepayments of the Credit Facility at any time without payment of a premium or penalty. The Credit Agreement is secured by an associated collateral agreement that provides for a lien on the majority of the Company’s assets and the assets of the guarantors, in each case, subject to customary exceptions.
As of September 30, 2024, there were no amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement. As of each September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, net availability under the Credit Agreement was $350.0 million.
The Credit Agreement contains financial maintenance covenants, including (i) a maximum total leverage ratio as of the last date of any fiscal quarter not to exceed 4.00:1.00 for the Company and its restricted subsidiaries and (ii) a minimum interest coverage ratio as of the last date of any fiscal quarter not less than 3.00:1.00 for the Company and its restricted subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement also contains restrictive covenants that limit, among other things, the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness, create, incur or assume liens, consolidate, merge, liquidate or dissolve, pay dividends or make other distributions or other restricted payments, make or hold certain investments, enter into certain transactions with affiliates, sell assets other than on terms specified by the Credit Agreement, amend the terms of certain other indebtedness and organizational documents, and change their lines of business and fiscal years, in each case, subject to customary exceptions. The Credit Agreement also sets forth customary events of default, including, among other things, the failure to make timely payments under the credit facility, the failure to satisfy certain covenants, cross-default and cross-acceleration to other material debt for borrowed money, the occurrence of a change of control, and specified events of bankruptcy and insolvency. The Company is in compliance with its debt covenants for the Credit Agreement as of September 30, 2024.
v3.24.3
Commitments and Contingencies
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into commitments including those related to cloud computing, information technology, security, and information and document management. The Company also has revenue sharing arrangements with annual minimum guarantees based upon third-party website advertising metrics and other contractual provisions.
Litigation
From time to time, the Company and its affiliates are involved in litigation and other legal disputes or regulatory inquiries that arise in the ordinary course of business. Any claims or regulatory actions against the Company and its affiliates, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming and costly, and could divert significant operational resources. The outcomes of such matters are subject to inherent uncertainties, carrying the potential for unfavorable rulings that could include monetary damages and injunctive relief. The Company does not believe, based on current knowledge, that any such legal proceedings or claims, including those set forth below, after giving effect to existing accrued liabilities, are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. However, depending on the amount and timing, an unfavorable resolution of some or all of these matters could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows in a particular period.
Although the Company cannot predict the outcome of legal or other proceedings with certainty, where there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss may have been incurred, GAAP requires us to disclose an estimate of the reasonably possible loss or range of loss or make a statement that such an estimate cannot be made. The Company follows a thorough process in which it seeks to estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of loss, and only if it is unable to make such an estimate does it conclude and disclose that an estimate cannot be made. Accordingly, unless otherwise indicated below in our discussion of litigation, a reasonably possible loss or range of loss associated with any individual legal proceeding cannot be estimated.
On July 8, 2020, Jeffrey Garcia filed a putative class action lawsuit against the Company in the Central District of California (20-cv-06096), alleging violations of federal securities laws. The court appointed a lead plaintiff. The Company moved to dismiss the consolidated class action complaint. The court granted the motion to dismiss and the plaintiff filed an amended complaint. The Company moved to dismiss the amended complaint. On August 8, 2022, the court granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the amended complaint without leave to amend. The lead plaintiff appealed the dismissal. On April 19, 2024, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the dismissal.
On December 11, 2020, Danning Huang filed a lawsuit in the District of Delaware (20-cv-01687-LPS) asserting derivative claims against directors of the Company and other third parties. The lawsuit alleges violations of Section 14(a), Section 10(b), Section 20(a) and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as well as breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment and abuse of control.
On March 24, 2021, Fritz Ringling filed a lawsuit in the District of Delaware (21-cv-00421-UNA) asserting substantially similar derivative claims, and on April 8, 2021, the district court consolidated the two actions under the caption In re J2 Global Stockholder Derivative Litigation. No.: 20-cv-01687-LPS. On June 4, 2024, the plaintiffs in the consolidated case dismissed their claims without prejudice.
The Company has not accrued for any material loss contingencies relating to these legal proceedings because materially unfavorable outcomes are not considered probable by management. It is the Company’s policy to expense as incurred legal fees related to various litigations.
Non-Income Related Taxes
The Company does not collect and remit sales and use, telecommunication, or similar taxes and fees in certain jurisdictions where the Company believes such taxes are not applicable or legally required. Several states and other taxing jurisdictions have presented or threatened the Company with assessments, alleging that the Company is required to collect and remit such taxes there. The Company is currently under audit or is subject to audit for indirect taxes in various states, municipalities, and foreign jurisdictions. The Company recognizes a liability for these matters when it is probable that an obligation exists and the amount can be reasonably estimated based on all relevant information that is available at each reporting period.
The Company established reserves for these matters of $26.9 million and $28.1 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which are included in ‘Accounts payable’ and ‘Other long-term liabilities’ on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. It is reasonably possible that additional liabilities could be incurred resulting in additional expense,
which could have a material impact to our financial results, however, as of September 30, 2024 any potential range of loss is not estimable.
v3.24.3
Income Taxes
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The Company’s tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of the Company’s annual effective tax rate adjusted for discrete interim period tax impacts. Each quarter the Company updates its estimated annual effective tax rate and, if the estimate changes, makes a cumulative adjustment. The Company’s effective tax rate was (34.9)% and (20.7)% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and 149.0% and (1,040.8)% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was disproportionately impacted by the goodwill impairment of $85.3 million related to the reassessment of the fair value of certain reporting units within the Digital Media reportable segment, for which no corresponding tax benefit was recorded since it entirely related to the excess financial statement goodwill with no tax basis. Additionally, during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized a net valuation allowance against a portion of its U. S. capital loss carryforwards, which resulted in a discrete tax charge of $2.5 million.
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was disproportionately impacted by the goodwill impairment of $56.9 million related to the reassessment of the fair value of one of the reporting units within the Digital Media reportable segment, for which no corresponding tax benefit was recorded since it entirely related to excess financial statement goodwill with no tax basis.
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had $37.0 million and $36.1 million, respectively, in liabilities for uncertain income tax positions included in ‘Other long-term liabilities’ on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions are recognized in income tax expense in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s prepaid taxes were $1.3 million and $4.7 million, respectively, and are included in ‘Prepaid expenses and other current assets’ in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
v3.24.3
Stockholders' Equity
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Equity [Abstract]  
Stockholders' Equity Stockholders’ Equity
On August 6, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) approved a program authorizing the repurchase of up to ten million shares of the Company’s common stock through August 6, 2025 (the “2020 Program”). The Company entered into certain Rule 10b5-1 trading plans to execute repurchases under the 2020 Program.
On August 2, 2024, the Board authorized (i) an increase in its 2020 Program pursuant to which the Company may purchase up to an additional five million shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Additional Authorization”) and (ii) an extension of the expiration date of the share repurchase program from August 6, 2025 to August 2, 2029. As a result of the Additional Authorization, the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock authorized for repurchase under the 2020 Program increased to up to 15 million shares of the Company’s common stock.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company repurchased 2,000,000 and 3,500,000 shares, respectively under the 2020 Program at an aggregate cost of approximately $96.9 million and $181.8 million, respectively, including excise tax. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased 605,428 and 1,585,846 shares, respectively under the 2020 Program at an aggregate cost of approximately $41.0 million and $104.9 million, respectively, including excise tax. Cumulatively as of September 30, 2024, 8,758,692 shares were repurchased under the 2020 Program, at an aggregate cost of $583.6 million, including excise tax. As a result of the repurchases, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for purchase as of September 30, 2024 was 6,241,308 shares.
Periodically, participants in the Company’s share-based compensation plans surrender to the Company shares of stock to pay the exercise price or to satisfy tax withholding obligations arising upon the exercise of stock options or the vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units. During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company purchased and retired 2,464 and 9,479 shares, respectively, at an aggregate cost of approximately $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, from plan participants for this purpose. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company purchased and retired 62,054 and 51,354 shares, respectively, at an aggregate cost of approximately $4.1 million and $3.5 million, respectively, from plan participants for this purpose.
v3.24.3
Share-Based Compensation
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Share-Based Compensation Share-Based Compensation
The Company’s share-based compensation plans include the Ziff Davis, Inc. 2024 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2024 Plan”), the 2015 Stock Option Plan (the “2015 Plan”), and 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”). Each plan is described below.
On May 7, 2024, the 2024 Plan was approved by the stockholders of the Company and replaced the 2015 Stock Option Plan. The 2024 Plan permits the Company to issue shares of common stock to or for the benefit of employees, consultants, and non-employee directors of the Company and its subsidiaries as part of their compensation. The 2024 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units, performance-based awards, and other incentive awards. Shares authorized but unissued under the 2015 Plan that were not subject to outstanding awards under the 2015 Plan as of May 7, 2024 were canceled. The total number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued under the 2024 Plan shall not exceed 3,500,000 shares, plus any Returned Shares, as defined in the 2024 Plan, under the 2015 Plan and any shares under the 2024 Plan that are subsequently forfeited, canceled, reacquired by the Company, satisfied or are otherwise terminated (other than by exercise) or used to pay tax withholding obligations with respect to outstanding awards issued under the 2024 Plan. The 2024 Plan will expire on March 21, 2034, unless earlier terminated by the Board. Awards outstanding under the 2015 Plan were not impacted by the approval of the 2024 Plan. Collectively, the 2015 Plan and 2024 Plan are referred to herein as “Plans.”
As of September 30, 2024, 435,135 shares underlying options and 694,769 shares of restricted stock units were outstanding under the Plans. As of September 30, 2024, there were 3,582,306 additional shares underlying options, shares of restricted stock and other share-based awards available for grant under the 2024 Plan.
Share-Based Compensation Expense
The following table presents share-based compensation expense recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the periods presented (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Direct costs
$68 $76 $191 $246 
Sales and marketing1,014 323 2,865 2,285 
Research, development, and engineering769 840 2,930 2,581 
General, administrative, and other related costs
8,310 5,535 24,647 19,281 
Total share-based compensation expense$10,161 $6,774 $30,633 $24,393 
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
The Company has awarded restricted stock and restricted stock units to its Board and senior staff pursuant to the Plans. Compensation expense resulting from restricted stock and restricted unit grants is measured at fair value on the date of grant and is recognized as share-based compensation expense over the applicable vesting period. Vesting periods are approximately one year for awards to members of the Company’s Board, generally three to four years for senior staff (excluding market-based awards discussed below) and three to eight years for the Chief Executive Officer. The Company granted 394,994 and 296,705 shares of restricted stock units (excluding awards with market conditions below) (“RSUs”) during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The Company has awarded certain key employees market-based restricted stock (“PSAs”) and market-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”) pursuant to the Plans. Market-based awards granted prior to 2024 have vesting conditions that are based on specified stock price targets of the Company’s common stock. Market conditions were factored into the grant date fair value using a Monte Carlo valuation model, which utilized multiple input variables to determine the probability of the Company achieving the specified stock price targets with a 20-day and 30-day look back (trading days). During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company awarded 167,606 PSUs at stock price targets ranging from $83.61 to $103.76 per share.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company awarded 308,970 equity classified PSUs that vest in shares of the Company’s stock ranging from 0% to 200% of the award based on the Company’s attainment of a relative Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) target compared to the TSR of all listed companies in a market index over the respective one, two, and three-year performance periods. Market conditions were factored into the grant date fair value using a Monte Carlo valuation model, which utilized multiple input variables to determine the probability of the Company and all listed companies in a market index achieving the relative TSR targets.
Share-based compensation expense related to an award with a market condition is recognized over the requisite service period using the graded-vesting method regardless of whether the market condition is satisfied, provided that the requisite service period has been completed.
The per share weighted average grant-date fair value for the PSUs granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $87.17 and $70.07, respectively.
The assumptions used in determining the weighted-average fair values of PSUs granted during the periods presented are as follows:
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Underlying stock price at valuation date$66.88 $77.80 
Expected volatility32.9 %32.0 %
Risk-free interest rate4.3 %4.1 %

Restricted stock award (“RSA”) and PSA activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is set forth below:
RSAs
PSAs
Number of
Shares
Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Number of
Shares
Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 202495,718$70.17 163,181$36.27 
Granted— $— — $— 
Vested(41,170)71.73 — — 
Forfeited
(154)77.75 — — 
Nonvested at September 30, 2024
54,394 $68.97 163,181 $36.27 
  
Restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is set forth below:
RSUs
PSUs
Number of
Shares

Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Number of Shares (1)
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2024506,425 $88.36 270,772 $77.09 
Granted394,994 65.24308,970 87.17
Vested(132,003)83.91— — 
Forfeited
(74,647)75.63(47,015)79.49 
Outstanding at September 30, 2024694,769 $77.40 532,727 $82.71 
(1)Represents the number of shares at 100% achievement.
As of September 30, 2024, the Company had unrecognized share-based compensation cost of approximately $61.4 million associated with these restricted stock awards and restricted stock units. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years for RSAs and PSAs and 2.2 years for RSUs and PSUs.
v3.24.3
Earnings Per Share
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings Per Share Earnings Per Share
The components of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share are as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
Three months ended September 30,
20242023
BasicDilutedBasicDiluted
Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per common share:
Net loss
$(48,577)$(48,577)$(30,971)$(30,971)
Plus: Convertible Notes interest expense (after-tax)
— — — — 
Net income available to the Company’s common shareholders
$(48,577)$(48,577)$(30,971)$(30,971)
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock43,924,158 43,924,158 46,062,097 46,062,097 
Dilutive effect of:
Equity incentive plans
— — — — 
Convertible debt — — — — 
Diluted weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock43,924,158 43,924,158 46,062,097 46,062,097 
Net loss per share
$(1.11)$(1.11)$(0.67)$(0.67)


Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
BasicDilutedBasicDiluted
Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per common share:
Net loss
$(1,040)$(1,040)$(21,919)$(21,919)
Plus: Convertible Notes interest expense (after-tax)
— — — — 
Net income available to the Company’s common shareholders
$(1,040)$(1,040)$(21,919)$(21,919)
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock45,088,272 45,088,272 46,612,660 46,612,660 
Dilutive effect of:
Equity incentive plans
— — — — 
Convertible debt — — — — 
Diluted weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock45,088,272 45,088,272 46,612,660 46,612,660 
Net loss per share
$(0.02)$(0.02)$(0.47)$(0.47)

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, there were 1,879,840 and 1,512,611 shares, respectively, of stock options and restricted stock excluded from the calculation of diluted shares as they were anti-dilutive due to the net loss during the 2024 and 2023 periods. For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, 4,213,808 and 5,158,071 shares, respectively, related to convertible debt were excluded from diluted shares because they were anti-dilutive under the if-converted method for the diluted net income per share calculation of the convertible debt instrument. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, 5,406,679 and 5,158,071 shares, respectively, related to convertible debt were excluded from diluted shares because they were anti-dilutive under the if-converted method for the diluted net income per share calculation of convertible debt instruments.
v3.24.3
Segment Information
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information Segment Information
The Company’s businesses are based on the organizational structure used by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The Company aggregates its operating segments into two reportable segments: Digital Media and Cybersecurity and Martech.
The accounting policies of the businesses are the same as those described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 26, 2024. The Company evaluates performance based on revenue and profit or loss from operations.
Information on reportable segments and reconciliation to income from operations is as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Revenue by reportable segment:
Digital Media$283,567 $267,951 $774,436 $755,032 
Cybersecurity and Martech70,039 73,051 214,475 219,263 
Elimination of inter-segment revenues (1)
(26)(17)(46)(152)
Total segment revenues353,580 340,985 988,865 974,143 
Corporate
— — — — 
Total revenues$353,580 $340,985 $988,865 $974,143 
Operating costs and expenses by reportable segment (2):
Digital Media308,309 280,856 732,554 702,752 
Cybersecurity and Martech55,158 60,541 168,638 181,633 
Elimination of inter-segment operating expenses(26)(17)(46)(152)
Total segment operating expenses363,441 341,380 901,146 884,233 
Corporate (3)
19,443 12,924 52,593 38,019 
Total operating costs and expenses382,884 354,304 953,739 922,252 
Operating income (loss) by reportable segment:
Digital Media operating (loss) income
(24,742)(12,905)41,882 52,280 
Cybersecurity and Martech operating income14,881 12,510 45,837 37,630 
Total segment operating (loss) income
(9,861)(395)87,719 89,910 
Corporate (3)
(19,443)(12,924)(52,593)(38,019)
(Loss) income from operations
$(29,304)$(13,319)$35,126 $51,891 
(1)Inter-segment revenues relate primarily to the Digital Media reportable segment.
(2)Operating expenses for each segment include direct costs and other operating expenses that are directly attributable to the segment, such as employee compensation expense, sales and marketing expenses, engineering and network operations expense, depreciation and amortization, and other administrative expenses. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company had an impairment to goodwill within operating costs and expenses for Digital Media.
(3)Corporate includes costs associated with general, administrative, and other related costs that are managed on a global basis and that are not directly attributable to any particular segment.
v3.24.3
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]  
Supplemental Cash Flow Information Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Non-cash investing and financing activities were as follows (in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Non-cash investing activity:
Property and equipment, accrued but unpaid$— $373 
Right-of-use assets acquired in exchange for operating lease obligations$1,035 $1,282 
Purchase of equity investments with common stock$— $13,500 
Non-cash financing activity:
Increase in fair value of conversion feature on 3.625% Convertible Notes
$4,001 $— 
Excise tax on share repurchases
$1,797 $1,038 

Supplemental data (in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Interest paid$16,912 $22,395 
Income taxes paid, net of refunds$49,660 $47,001 
v3.24.3
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Equity [Abstract]  
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax, for the three months ended September 30, 2024 (in thousands):
Unrealized Gains on Investments
Foreign Currency TranslationTotal
Balance as of July 1, 2024
$815 $(79,150)$(78,335)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
352 14,514 14,866 
Balance as of September 30, 2024
$1,167 $(64,636)$(63,469)
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss (income), net of tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 (in thousands):
Unrealized Gains on Investments
Foreign Currency TranslationTotal
Balance as of January 1, 2024
$537 $(72,157)$(71,620)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
630 7,521 8,151 
Balance as of September 30, 2024
$1,167 $(64,636)$(63,469)
There were no reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
v3.24.3
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Net Income (Loss) $ (48,577) $ (30,971) $ (1,040) $ (21,919)
v3.24.3
Insider Trading Arrangements
 3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
v3.24.3
Basis of Presentation and Overview (Policies)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently issued applicable accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This update provides for optional financial reporting alternatives to reduce costs and complexities associated with accounting for contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform. This update applies only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference London Interbank Offer Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The accommodations were available for all entities through December 31, 2022, with early adoption permitted. This update was later amended by ASU 2022-06.
In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848. This update defers the expiration date of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 848 from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024. We do not anticipate that adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. The amendments in this update modify the disclosure or presentation requirements of a variety of Topics in the Codification. Certain of the amendments represent clarifications to or technical corrections of the current requirements. For entities subject to the SEC's existing disclosure requirements and entities required to file/furnish financial statements with or to the SEC in preparation for the sale of or for purposes of issuing securities
that are not subject to contractual restrictions on transfer, the effective date for which each amendment will be the date on the SEC's removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited. For all other entities, amendments will be effective two years later. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this update will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which provides for enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. This update enhances interim disclosure requirements, clarifies circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provides new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contains other disclosure requirements. The purpose of this update is to enable investors to better understand an entity’s overall performance and assess potential future cash flows. The update is required to be applied retrospectively to prior periods presented, based on the significant segment expense categories identified and disclosed in the period of adoption. The amendments in this update are required to be adopted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. This update will likely result in us including the additional required disclosures when adopted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of this update will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures and expect to adopt them for the year ended December 31, 2024.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in the update require public business entities on an annual basis to disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. This update also requires that entities disclose on an annual basis information about the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes and the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid is equal to or greater than a quantitative threshold. The amendments in this update are required to be adopted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect the adoption of this update will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Revenue Recognition
Digital Media revenues are earned primarily from the delivery of advertising and performance marketing services, licensing, and subscriptions to services and information.
Advertising and Performance Marketing
Revenues from the delivery of advertising services are earned on websites that are owned and operated by us and on those websites that are part of Digital Media’s advertising network. Depending on the individual contracts with the customer, revenue for these services is recognized over the contract period when any of the following performance obligations are satisfied: (i) when an advertisement is placed for viewing, (ii) when a qualified sales lead is delivered, (iii) when a visitor “clicks through” on an advertisement, or (iv) when commissions are earned upon the sale of an advertised product.
The Digital Media business also generates revenues from marketing, performance marketing, production services, and the management of client gift card programs. Such revenues are generally recognized over the period in which the products or services are delivered.
Subscription and Licensing
Revenues from subscriptions are earned through the granting of access to, or delivery of, data products or services to customers. Subscriptions cover video games and related content, health information, data, and other copyrighted material. Revenues are also earned from listing fees, subscriptions to online publications, and from other sources. Subscription revenues are primarily recognized over the contract term. Revenues related to the provision of access to historical data for certain services are recorded at the time of delivery.
The Digital Media business also generates revenues through the license of certain assets to clients. Assets are licensed for clients’ use in their own promotional materials or otherwise and may include logos, editorial reviews, or other copyrighted material that represent symbolic intellectual property, as defined in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenues under such license agreements are generally recognized over the contract term. In instances when technology assets in the form of functional intellectual property are licensed to our clients, revenues from the license of these assets are recognized at a point in time.
Digital Media subscription and licensing revenues also include revenues from transactions involving the sale of perpetual software licenses, related software support, and maintenance. Revenue is recognized for software transactions with multiple performance obligations after (i) the contract has been approved and we are committed to perform the respective obligations and (ii) we can identify and quantify each obligation and its respective selling price. Once the respective performance obligations have been identified and quantified, revenue will be recognized when the obligations are met, either over time or at a point in time, depending on the nature of the obligation.
Revenues from software license performance obligations are generally recognized upfront at the point in time that the software is made available to the customer for download and use. Revenues from related software support and maintenance are generally recognized ratably over the contractual period, because technical support, unspecified software product upgrades, maintenance releases, and patches are provided to customers on an as needed basis, and are available during the term of the support period. We are obligated to make the support services available continuously throughout the contract period.
Other
Other revenues primarily include those from the sale of hardware used in conjunction with software described above, online course revenue, and game publishing revenue. Hardware product and related software performance obligations, such as an operating system or firmware, are highly interdependent and interrelated and are accounted for as a bundled performance obligation. The revenues for this bundled performance obligation are generally recognized at the point in time that the hardware and software products are delivered and ownership is transferred to the customer.
Cybersecurity and Martech
The Company’s Cybersecurity and Martech revenues consist of subscription and licensing revenues which primarily include subscription and usage-based fees, a significant portion of which are paid in advance. The Company defers the portions of monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, and annual fees collected in advance of the satisfaction of performance obligations and recognizes them in the period earned.
Along with its numerous proprietary Cybersecurity and Martech solutions, the Company also generates subscription revenues by reselling various third-party solutions, primarily through its email security line of business. These third-party solutions, along with the Company’s proprietary products, allow it to offer customers a variety of solutions to better meet the customer’s needs. 
Principal vs. Agent
The Company determines whether revenue should be reported on a gross or net basis by assessing whether the Company is acting as the principal or an agent in the transaction, respectively. The Company records revenue on a gross basis with respect to revenue generated (i) by the Company serving online display and video advertising across its owned and operated web properties, on third-party sites, or on unaffiliated advertising networks; (ii) through the Company’s lead-generation business; and (iii) through the Company’s subscriptions, including the resale of various third-party solutions, primarily through its email security line of business. The Company records revenue on a gross basis with respect to reseller revenue because the Company has control of the specified good or service prior to transferring control to the customer. The Company records revenue on a net basis with respect to revenue paid to the Company by certain third-party advertising networks who serve online display and video advertising across the Company’s owned-and-operated web properties and certain third-party platforms, primarily related to the transfer of functional intellectual property. The Company records revenue on a net basis with respect to revenue earned from servicing the client gift card programs.
Performance Obligations
The Company may be a party to multiple concurrent contracts with the same customers, or a party or parties related to those customers. Some of these situations may require judgment to determine if those arrangements should be accounted for as a single contract. Consideration of both the form and the substance of the arrangement is required. The Company’s contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations, including contracts when advertising and licensing services are sold together.
The Company determines the transaction price based on the amount to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for services provided. The Company includes any fixed consideration within its contracts as part of the total transaction price. The Company’s contracts occasionally contain some component of variable consideration, such as commissions that are recognized in the period of the commissionable event. The Company does not include in the transaction price taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are (i) both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and (ii) collected by us from the customer. Due to the nature of the services provided, there are no obligations for returns.
The Company satisfies its performance obligations upon delivery of services to its customers. Within the Digital Media business, the Company provides content to its advertising partners which the Company sells to its partners’ customer base and receives a revenue share based on the terms of the agreement.
Payment terms vary by type and location of our customers and the services offered. The time between invoicing and when payment is due is generally not significant.
Our Digital Media business consists primarily of performance obligations that are satisfied over time. This was determined based on a review of the contracts and the nature of the services offered, where the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of the services provided.
Revenue is recognized based on delivery of services over the contract period for advertising and on a straight-line basis or units of output basis over the contract period for subscriptions. The Company believes that the methods described are a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods and services.
The Digital Media business also has licensing arrangements that have standalone functionality. As a result, the performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time.
Our Cybersecurity and Martech business consists primarily of performance obligations that are satisfied over time. This has been determined based on the fact that the nature of services offered are subscription-based where the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of the services provided regardless of whether the customer uses the services. Depending on the individual contracts with the customer, revenue for these services is recognized over the contract period when any of the following materially distinct performance obligations are satisfied:
•Voice, email marketing, and search engine optimization as services are delivered.
•Consumer privacy services and data backup capabilities are provided.
•Security solutions, including email and endpoint are provided.
The Company has concluded the best measure of progress toward the complete satisfaction of the performance obligation is a time-based measure. The Company recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis throughout the subscription period, or as usage occurs, or when functional intellectual property is delivered for services outside of the subscription, and believes that the method used is a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods and services.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company complies with the provisions of ASC 820, which defines fair value, provides a framework for measuring fair value and expands the disclosures required for fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, ASC 820 establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value.
§Level 1 – Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
§Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
§Level 3 – Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s money market funds are classified within Level 1. The Company values these Level 1 investments using quoted market prices.
The fair value of the Company’s investment in Consensus common stock was determined using quoted market prices, which is a Level 1 input. On May 22, 2024, the Company sold its remaining investment in Consensus common stock (see Note 4 - Investments).
The Company has investment in a corporate debt security that does not have a readily determinable fair value because the acquired securities are privately held, not traded on any public exchanges and not an investment in a mutual fund or similar investment. The investment in corporate debt securities is classified as available-for-sale and is initially measured at its transaction price. The fair value of the corporate debt securities is determined primarily based on estimates and assumptions, including Level 3 inputs. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair value was determined based upon various probability-weighted scenarios which included discount rate assumptions between 13% and 15%, depending on the probability scenario. In addition, the determination of fair value included a conversion timeframe of approximately one to two years, depending on the probability scenario, as of September 30, 2024 and as of December 31, 2023.
The Company classifies its contingent consideration liability in connection with acquisitions within Level 3 because factors used to develop the estimated fair value are unobservable inputs, such as volatility and market risks, and are not supported by market activity. The valuation approaches used to value Level 3 investments considers unobservable inputs in the market such as time to liquidity, volatility, dividend yield, and breakpoints. Significant increases or decreases in any of the inputs in isolation could result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the contingent consideration was determined using a 100% probability of payout at the maximum amount, without any other estimates applied.
v3.24.3
Revenues (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenues from external customers classified by revenue source are as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Digital Media
Advertising and performance marketing
$193,626 $183,008 $520,063 $514,173 
Subscription and licensing
77,450 71,858 223,681 209,167 
Other12,491 13,085 30,692 31,692 
Total Digital Media revenues$283,567 $267,951 $774,436 $755,032 
Cybersecurity and Martech
Subscription and licensing
$70,039 $73,051 $214,475 $219,263 
Total Cybersecurity and Martech revenues$70,039 $73,051 $214,475 $219,263 
Elimination of inter-segment revenues(26)(17)(46)(152)
Total Revenues$353,580 $340,985 $988,865 $974,143 
v3.24.3
Business Acquisitions (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]  
Summary of Preliminary Purchase Consideration
The following table summarizes the allocation of the preliminary purchase consideration for the acquisition of TDS and CNET as of September 30, 2024 (in thousands):
Valuation
Assets and Liabilities
TDS (1)
CNET
Cash
$142,957 $— 
Accounts receivable and other current assets (2)
171,290 21,930 
Intangible assets
108,924 111,650 
Goodwill (2)
80,835 24,930 
Deferred tax asset, noncurrent (3)
— 7,355 
Other assets
289 655 
Accounts payable and other current liabilities
(290,266)(3,841)
Deferred tax liability, noncurrent
(25,580)— 
Deferred revenue, noncurrent
— (7,958)
Other noncurrent liabilities
(861)— 
Total
$187,588 $154,721 
(1)During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded a measurement period adjustment increasing goodwill by $0.3 million with a corresponding adjustment to current assets.
(2)The fair value of the assets acquired includes accounts receivable of $170.7 million for TDS and $21.2 million related to CNET, of which none is expected to be uncollectible. None of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.
(3)Deferred tax asset balance for CNET is presented within ‘Deferred income taxes’ on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Summary of Intangible Assets
The preliminary amounts assigned to intangible assets by type for all acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are summarized in the table below (in thousands):
Gross Carrying ValueWeighted Average Estimated Life
Customer relationships$152,595 10 years
Trade names and trademarks27,027 9 years
Other purchased intangibles46,703 5 years
Total gross carrying value$226,325 
Schedule of Pro Forma SuppIemental Information This unaudited pro forma supplemental information includes incremental intangible asset amortization and other charges as a result of the acquisitions, net of the related tax effects.
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)
2024202320242023
(unaudited)(unaudited)(unaudited)(unaudited)
Revenues$370,719 $378,343 $1,050,666 $1,075,400 
Net loss$(51,585)$(34,772)$(15,451)$(46,950)
Loss per common share - Basic$(1.17)$(0.75)$(0.34)$(1.01)
Loss per common share - Diluted$(1.17)$(0.75)$(0.34)$(1.01)
v3.24.3
Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Values of Financial Instruments Measured On Recurring Basis
The following tables present the fair values of the Company’s financial assets or liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
September 30, 2024Level 1Level 2Level 3Fair ValueCarrying Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market and other funds$49,568 $— $— $49,568 $49,568 
Long-term investments:
Investment in corporate debt securities— — 16,529 16,529 16,529 
Total assets measured at fair value$49,568 $— $16,529 $66,097 $66,097 
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
Total liabilities measured at fair value$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
December 31, 2023Level 1Level 2Level 3Fair ValueCarrying Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market and other funds$340,928 $— $— $340,928 $340,928 
Short-term investments:
Consensus common stock27,109 — — 27,109 27,109 
Long-term investments:
Investment in corporate debt securities— — 15,699 15,699 15,699 
Total assets measured at fair value$368,037 $— $15,699 $383,736 $383,736 
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
Total liabilities measured at fair value$— $— $2,834 $2,834 $2,834 
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
The following table presents a reconciliation of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets and liabilities related to our contingent consideration arrangements and investment in corporate debt securities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Contingent Consideration ArrangementsCorporate Debt SecuritiesContingent Consideration ArrangementsCorporate Debt Securities
Balance as of January 1$2,834 $15,699 $555 $15,586 
Fair value at date of acquisition— — 2,834 — 
Fair value adjustments (1)
— 830 — (117)
Balance as of September 30$2,834 $16,529 $3,389 $15,469 
(1)The fair value adjustments to the corporate debt securities in the table above were recorded in ‘Change in fair value on available-for-sale investments, net’ in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Schedule of Carrying and Fair Values
The following table presents the carrying value and the fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value only for disclosure purposes (in thousands):
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Carrying ValueFair ValueCarrying ValueFair Value
4.625% Senior Notes
$457,106 $432,785 $456,796 $405,408 
1.75% Convertible Notes (1)
$148,062 $138,850 $544,516 $519,492 
3.625% Convertible Notes (2)
$258,573 $251,484 $— $— 
(1)On July 16, 2024, the Company exchanged approximately $400.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 1.75% Convertible Notes as part of the Exchange Transaction. The Company issued $263.1 million in aggregate principal amount of new 3.625% Convertible Notes, as defined in Note 7 — Debt, and paid an aggregate of approximately $135.0 million in cash. Refer to Note 7 — Debt for additional information.
v3.24.3
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Changes in Carrying Amounts of Goodwill
The changes in carrying amounts of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are as follows (in thousands):
Digital MediaCybersecurity and MartechConsolidated
Balance as of January 1, 2024
$1,016,880 $529,185 $1,546,065 
Goodwill acquired (1)
112,534 — 112,534 
Goodwill removed due to sale of businesses (2)
(3,983)— (3,983)
Goodwill impairment(85,273)— (85,273)
Foreign exchange translation1,180 2,331 3,511 
Balance as of September 30, 2024$1,041,338 $531,516 $1,572,854 
(1)Goodwill recognized in connection with the acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 (see Note 3 — Business Acquisitions), which is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.
(2)During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, in a cash transaction, the Company sold an international business at Digital Media within its shopping vertical, which resulted in $4.0 million of goodwill being removed in connection with this sale.
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization
As of September 30, 2024, intangible assets subject to amortization relate primarily to the following (in thousands):
Historical
Cost		Accumulated
Amortization		Net
Trade names and trademarks$375,332 $214,695 $160,637 
Customer relationships
847,121 603,979 243,142 
Other purchased intangibles427,589 360,594 66,995 
Total$1,650,042 $1,179,268 $470,774 

As of December 31, 2023, intangible assets subject to amortization relate primarily to the following (in thousands):
Historical
Cost		Accumulated
Amortization		Net
Trade names and trademarks$347,895 $192,111 $155,784 
Customer relationships
692,634 555,384 137,250 
Other purchased intangibles379,703 347,331 32,372 
Total$1,420,232 $1,094,826 $325,406 
v3.24.3
Debt (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Long-term Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
4.625% Senior Notes
$460,038 $460,038 
1.75% Convertible Notes
149,109 550,000 
3.625% Convertible Notes
263,147 — 
Total Notes872,294 1,010,038 
Credit Agreement— — 
Less: Unamortized discount(6,015)(2,463)
Deferred issuance costs (1)
(2,538)(6,263)
Total long-term debt$863,741 $1,001,312 
(1)Includes $0.7 million and $0.8 million of carrying amount of deferred issuance costs on the 4.625% Senior Notes as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, $1.0 million and $5.5 million of carrying amount of deferred issuance costs on the 1.75% Convertible Notes as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and $0.8 million of carrying amount of deferred issuance costs on the 3.625% Convertible Notes as of September 30, 2024.
Schedule of Debt
The following table provides the components of interest expense related to the 1.75% Convertible Notes (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Contractual interest expense$964 $2,746 $5,777 $14,963 
Amortization of discount and deferred issuance costs
185 466 1,128 1,395 
Total interest expense related to 1.75% Convertible Notes
$1,149 $3,212 $6,905 $16,358 
The following table provides the components of interest expense related to the 3.625% Convertible Notes (in thousands):
Three months ended
September 30, 2024
Coupon interest expense$1,987 
Amortization of discount and debt issuance costs
258 
Total interest expense related to 3.625% Convertible Notes
$2,245 
v3.24.3
Share-Based Compensation (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Disclosure of Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award
The following table presents share-based compensation expense recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the periods presented (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Direct costs
$68 $76 $191 $246 
Sales and marketing1,014 323 2,865 2,285 
Research, development, and engineering769 840 2,930 2,581 
General, administrative, and other related costs
8,310 5,535 24,647 19,281 
Total share-based compensation expense$10,161 $6,774 $30,633 $24,393 
Market-Based Restricted Stock Awards, Valuation Assumptions
The assumptions used in determining the weighted-average fair values of PSUs granted during the periods presented are as follows:
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Underlying stock price at valuation date$66.88 $77.80 
Expected volatility32.9 %32.0 %
Risk-free interest rate4.3 %4.1 %
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Award Activity
Restricted stock award (“RSA”) and PSA activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is set forth below:
RSAs
PSAs
Number of
Shares
Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Number of
Shares
Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 202495,718$70.17 163,181$36.27 
Granted— $— — $— 
Vested(41,170)71.73 — — 
Forfeited
(154)77.75 — — 
Nonvested at September 30, 2024
54,394 $68.97 163,181 $36.27 
  
Restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is set forth below:
RSUs
PSUs
Number of
Shares

Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Number of Shares (1)
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2024506,425 $88.36 270,772 $77.09 
Granted394,994 65.24308,970 87.17
Vested(132,003)83.91— — 
Forfeited
(74,647)75.63(47,015)79.49 
Outstanding at September 30, 2024694,769 $77.40 532,727 $82.71 
(1)Represents the number of shares at 100% achievement.
v3.24.3
Earnings Per Share (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Components of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share
The components of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share are as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
Three months ended September 30,
20242023
BasicDilutedBasicDiluted
Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per common share:
Net loss
$(48,577)$(48,577)$(30,971)$(30,971)
Plus: Convertible Notes interest expense (after-tax)
— — — — 
Net income available to the Company’s common shareholders
$(48,577)$(48,577)$(30,971)$(30,971)
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock43,924,158 43,924,158 46,062,097 46,062,097 
Dilutive effect of:
Equity incentive plans
— — — — 
Convertible debt — — — — 
Diluted weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock43,924,158 43,924,158 46,062,097 46,062,097 
Net loss per share
$(1.11)$(1.11)$(0.67)$(0.67)


Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
BasicDilutedBasicDiluted
Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per common share:
Net loss
$(1,040)$(1,040)$(21,919)$(21,919)
Plus: Convertible Notes interest expense (after-tax)
— — — — 
Net income available to the Company’s common shareholders
$(1,040)$(1,040)$(21,919)$(21,919)
Denominator:
Basic weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock45,088,272 45,088,272 46,612,660 46,612,660 
Dilutive effect of:
Equity incentive plans
— — — — 
Convertible debt — — — — 
Diluted weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock45,088,272 45,088,272 46,612,660 46,612,660 
Net loss per share
$(0.02)$(0.02)$(0.47)$(0.47)
v3.24.3
Segment Information (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Reconciliation of Total Segment Operating Income to Consolidated Operating Income
Information on reportable segments and reconciliation to income from operations is as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Revenue by reportable segment:
Digital Media$283,567 $267,951 $774,436 $755,032 
Cybersecurity and Martech70,039 73,051 214,475 219,263 
Elimination of inter-segment revenues (1)
(26)(17)(46)(152)
Total segment revenues353,580 340,985 988,865 974,143 
Corporate
— — — — 
Total revenues$353,580 $340,985 $988,865 $974,143 
Operating costs and expenses by reportable segment (2):
Digital Media308,309 280,856 732,554 702,752 
Cybersecurity and Martech55,158 60,541 168,638 181,633 
Elimination of inter-segment operating expenses(26)(17)(46)(152)
Total segment operating expenses363,441 341,380 901,146 884,233 
Corporate (3)
19,443 12,924 52,593 38,019 
Total operating costs and expenses382,884 354,304 953,739 922,252 
Operating income (loss) by reportable segment:
Digital Media operating (loss) income
(24,742)(12,905)41,882 52,280 
Cybersecurity and Martech operating income14,881 12,510 45,837 37,630 
Total segment operating (loss) income
(9,861)(395)87,719 89,910 
Corporate (3)
(19,443)(12,924)(52,593)(38,019)
(Loss) income from operations
$(29,304)$(13,319)$35,126 $51,891 
(1)Inter-segment revenues relate primarily to the Digital Media reportable segment.
(2)Operating expenses for each segment include direct costs and other operating expenses that are directly attributable to the segment, such as employee compensation expense, sales and marketing expenses, engineering and network operations expense, depreciation and amortization, and other administrative expenses. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company had an impairment to goodwill within operating costs and expenses for Digital Media.
(3)Corporate includes costs associated with general, administrative, and other related costs that are managed on a global basis and that are not directly attributable to any particular segment.
v3.24.3
Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]  
Schedule of Other Significant Noncash Transactions
Non-cash investing and financing activities were as follows (in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Non-cash investing activity:
Property and equipment, accrued but unpaid$— $373 
Right-of-use assets acquired in exchange for operating lease obligations$1,035 $1,282 
Purchase of equity investments with common stock$— $13,500 
Non-cash financing activity:
Increase in fair value of conversion feature on 3.625% Convertible Notes
$4,001 $— 
Excise tax on share repurchases
$1,797 $1,038 
Other Supplemental Data
Supplemental data (in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30,
20242023
Interest paid$16,912 $22,395 
Income taxes paid, net of refunds$49,660 $47,001 
v3.24.3
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Equity [Abstract]  
Summary of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax, for the three months ended September 30, 2024 (in thousands):
Unrealized Gains on Investments
Foreign Currency TranslationTotal
Balance as of July 1, 2024
$815 $(79,150)$(78,335)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
352 14,514 14,866 
Balance as of September 30, 2024
$1,167 $(64,636)$(63,469)
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss (income), net of tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 (in thousands):
Unrealized Gains on Investments
Foreign Currency TranslationTotal
Balance as of January 1, 2024
$537 $(72,157)$(71,620)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
630 7,521 8,151 
Balance as of September 30, 2024
$1,167 $(64,636)$(63,469)
v3.24.3
Revenues (Disaggregation of Revenue) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenues $ 353,580 $ 340,985 $ 988,865 $ 974,143
Operating Segments        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenues 353,580 340,985 988,865 974,143
Operating Segments | Digital Media        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenues 283,567 267,951 774,436 755,032
Operating Segments | Cybersecurity and Martech        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenues 70,039 73,051 214,475 219,263
Operating Segments | Advertising and performance marketing | Digital Media        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenues 193,626 183,008 520,063 514,173
Operating Segments | Subscription and licensing | Digital Media        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenues 77,450 71,858 223,681 209,167
Operating Segments | Subscription and licensing | Cybersecurity and Martech        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenues 70,039 73,051 214,475 219,263
Operating Segments | Other | Digital Media        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenues 12,491 13,085 30,692 31,692
Elimination of inter-segment revenues        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Total revenues $ (26) $ (17) $ (46) $ (152)
v3.24.3
Revenues (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Contract liability, revenue recognized $ 33.9 $ 27.8 $ 166.3 $ 140.9
Revenue, remaining performance obligation $ 80.3   $ 80.3  
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-10-01        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Remaining performance obligation, percent 23.00%   23.00%  
Remaining performance obligation, period 3 months   3 months  
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-01-01        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Remaining performance obligation, percent 54.00%   54.00%  
Remaining performance obligation, period 1 year   1 year  
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-01-01        
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]        
Remaining performance obligation, percent 23.00%   23.00%  
Remaining performance obligation, period    
v3.24.3
Business Acquisitions (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Jun. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 12, 2024
Feb. 05, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Business Acquisition [Line Items]              
Revenue of acquiree since acquisition date $ 20,700   $ 40,000        
Total consideration net of cash     211,526 $ 9,492      
Goodwill 1,572,854   1,572,854       $ 1,546,065
TDS Gift Cards              
Business Acquisition [Line Items]              
Percentage of voting interests acquired           100.00%  
Consideration paid in cash 187,588   187,588        
Goodwill 80,835   80,835        
CNET              
Business Acquisition [Line Items]              
Percentage of voting interests acquired         100.00%    
Consideration paid in cash 154,721   154,721        
Goodwill $ 24,930   $ 24,930        
Fiscal 2024 Acquisitions              
Business Acquisition [Line Items]              
Consideration paid in cash   $ 358,200          
Total consideration net of cash   $ 212,300          
Fiscal 2023 Acquisitions              
Business Acquisition [Line Items]              
Goodwill       6,300      
Definite-lived intangible assets acquired       $ 7,200      
v3.24.3
Business Acquisitions (Preliminary Purchase Consideration) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Business Acquisition [Line Items]    
Intangible assets $ 226,325  
Goodwill 1,572,854 $ 1,546,065
Amount expected to be uncollectable 0  
Expected income tax deductible amount 0  
TDS    
Business Acquisition [Line Items]    
Cash 142,957  
Accounts receivable and other current assets 171,290  
Intangible assets 108,924  
Goodwill 80,835  
Deferred tax asset, noncurrent 0  
Other assets 289  
Accounts payable and other current liabilities (290,266)  
Deferred tax liability, noncurrent (25,580)  
Deferred revenue, noncurrent 0  
Other noncurrent liabilities (861)  
Total 187,588  
Goodwill measurement period adjustments 300  
Accounts receivable 170,700  
CNET    
Business Acquisition [Line Items]    
Cash 0  
Accounts receivable and other current assets 21,930  
Intangible assets 111,650  
Goodwill 24,930  
Deferred tax asset, noncurrent 7,355  
Other assets 655  
Accounts payable and other current liabilities (3,841)  
Deferred tax liability, noncurrent 0  
Deferred revenue, noncurrent (7,958)  
Other noncurrent liabilities 0  
Total 154,721  
Accounts receivable $ 21,200  
v3.24.3
Business Acquisitions (Amounts Assigned to Intangible Assets by Type) (Details)
$ in Thousands
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Gross Carrying Value $ 226,325
Customer relationships  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Gross Carrying Value $ 152,595
Weighted Average Estimated Life 10 years
Trade names and trademarks  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Gross Carrying Value $ 27,027
Weighted Average Estimated Life 9 years
Other purchased intangibles  
Business Acquisition [Line Items]  
Gross Carrying Value $ 46,703
Weighted Average Estimated Life 5 years
v3.24.3
Business Acquisitions (Pro Forma Supplemental Information) (Details) - Fiscal 2024 Acquisitions - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Business Acquisition [Line Items]        
Revenues $ 370,719 $ 378,343 $ 1,050,666 $ 1,075,400
Net loss $ (51,585) $ (34,772) $ (15,451) $ (46,950)
Loss per common share - Basic (in dollars per share) $ (1.17) $ (0.75) $ (0.34) $ (1.01)
Loss per common share - Diluted (in dollars per share) $ (1.17) $ (0.75) $ (0.34) $ (1.01)
v3.24.3
Investments (Details)
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2024
shares
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
investment
shares
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
investment
shares
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
investment
shares
May 19, 2023
Apr. 12, 2022
USD ($)
Equity Securities [Line Items]                  
Number of shares sold in transaction (in shares) | shares     1,034,295 0   52,393      
Equity securities, shares owned (in shares) | shares             1,000,000    
Consensus common stock             $ 27,100,000    
Loss on investments, net   $ 0   $ (6,019,000) $ (7,654,000) $ (29,203,000)      
Gross unrealized gains   1,500,000     1,500,000   $ 700,000    
Investments in an unrealized loss position | investment       0   0 0    
Impairment losses   0   $ 0 0 $ 0      
(Loss) income from equity method investment, net of tax   (77,000)   $ 90,000 8,095,000 $ (9,665,000)      
Equity method investments   110,900,000     110,900,000   $ 99,900,000    
Corporate Debt Securities                  
Equity Securities [Line Items]                  
Debt securities, available-for-sale, coupon rate               6.00% 4.00%
Investment in corporate debt securities                 $ 15,000,000
Carrying value of investment   $ 16,500,000     $ 16,500,000   $ 15,700,000    
Corporate Debt Securities | Minimum                  
Equity Securities [Line Items]                  
Debt securities, available-for-sale, term   1 year     1 year   1 year    
Corporate Debt Securities | Maximum                  
Equity Securities [Line Items]                  
Debt securities, available-for-sale, term   5 years     5 years   5 years    
Xyla, Inc.                  
Equity Securities [Line Items]                  
Payments to acquire equity securities without readily determinable fair value $ 25,000,000.0                
Equity securities without readily determinable fair value   $ 25,300,000     $ 25,300,000   $ 25,300,000    
v3.24.3
Fair Value Measurements (Narrative) (Details)
Sep. 30, 2024
Jul. 16, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Oct. 07, 2020
Nov. 15, 2019
4.625% Senior Notes | Senior Notes          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate       4.625%  
3.625% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate   3.625%      
1.75% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate         1.75%
Minimum | Measurement Input, Discount Rate          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Debt securities, available-for-sale, measurement input 0.13   0.13    
Minimum | Measurement Input, Conversion Term          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Debt securities, available-for-sale, term 1 year        
Maximum | Measurement Input, Discount Rate          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Debt securities, available-for-sale, measurement input 0.15   0.15    
Maximum | Measurement Input, Conversion Term          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Debt securities, available-for-sale, term     2 years    
v3.24.3
Fair Value Measurements (Fair Values of Financial Instruments Measured On Recurring Basis) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Consensus common stock   $ 27,100
Fair Value    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Consensus common stock   27,109
Investment in corporate debt securities $ 16,529 15,699
Total assets measured at fair value 66,097 383,736
Contingent consideration 2,834 2,834
Total liabilities measured at fair value 2,834 2,834
Fair Value | Money market and other funds    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Money market and other funds 49,568 340,928
Carrying Value    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Consensus common stock   27,109
Investment in corporate debt securities 16,529 15,699
Total assets measured at fair value 66,097 383,736
Contingent consideration 2,834 2,834
Total liabilities measured at fair value 2,834 2,834
Carrying Value | Money market and other funds    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Money market and other funds 49,568 340,928
Level 1 | Fair Value    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Consensus common stock   27,109
Investment in corporate debt securities 0 0
Total assets measured at fair value 49,568 368,037
Contingent consideration 0 0
Total liabilities measured at fair value 0 0
Level 1 | Fair Value | Money market and other funds    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Money market and other funds 49,568 340,928
Level 2 | Fair Value    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Consensus common stock   0
Investment in corporate debt securities 0 0
Total assets measured at fair value 0 0
Contingent consideration 0 0
Total liabilities measured at fair value 0 0
Level 2 | Fair Value | Money market and other funds    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Money market and other funds 0 0
Level 3 | Fair Value    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Consensus common stock   0
Investment in corporate debt securities 16,529 15,699
Total assets measured at fair value 16,529 15,699
Contingent consideration 2,834 2,834
Total liabilities measured at fair value 2,834 2,834
Level 3 | Fair Value | Money market and other funds    
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]    
Money market and other funds $ 0 $ 0
v3.24.3
Fair Value Measurements (Reconciliation of Level 3 Financial Assets Measured on Recurring Basis) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Contingent Consideration Arrangements    
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]    
Balance as of January 1 $ 2,834 $ 555
Fair value at date of acquisition 0 2,834
Fair value adjustments 0 0
Balance as of September 30 2,834 3,389
Corporate Debt Securities    
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]    
Balance as of January 1 15,699 15,586
Fair value at date of acquisition 0 0
Fair value adjustments 830 (117)
Balance as of September 30 $ 16,529 $ 15,469
v3.24.3
Fair Value Measurements (Carrying and Fair Value) (Details) - USD ($)
Jul. 16, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Oct. 07, 2020
Nov. 15, 2019
4.625% Senior Notes | Carrying Value          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Fair value of debt instruments   $ 457,106,000 $ 456,796,000    
4.625% Senior Notes | Fair Value          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Fair value of debt instruments   432,785,000 405,408,000    
4.625% Senior Notes | Senior Notes          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate       4.625%  
Aggregate principal amount       $ 750,000,000  
1.75% Convertible Notes | Carrying Value          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Fair value of debt instruments   148,062,000 544,516,000    
1.75% Convertible Notes | Fair Value          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Fair value of debt instruments   138,850,000 519,492,000    
1.75% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate         1.75%
Aggregate principal including cash payment $ 400,900,000        
Aggregate principal amount   149,100,000     $ 550,000,000.0
Repayments of convertible debt $ 135,000,000        
3.625% Convertible Notes | Carrying Value          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Fair value of debt instruments   258,573,000 0    
3.625% Convertible Notes | Fair Value          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Fair value of debt instruments   $ 251,484,000 $ 0    
3.625% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt          
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate 3.625%        
Aggregate principal amount $ 263,100,000        
v3.24.3
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Changes in Carrying Amounts of Goodwill) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Goodwill [Line Items]        
Beginning balance     $ 1,546,065  
Goodwill acquired     112,534  
Goodwill removed due to sale of businesses     (3,983)  
Goodwill impairment $ (85,273) $ (56,850) (85,273) $ (56,850)
Foreign exchange translation     3,511  
Ending balance 1,572,854   1,572,854  
Digital Media        
Goodwill [Line Items]        
Goodwill impairment (85,300) $ (56,900) (85,300) $ (56,900)
Operating Segments | Digital Media        
Goodwill [Line Items]        
Beginning balance     1,016,880  
Goodwill acquired     112,534  
Goodwill removed due to sale of businesses     (3,983)  
Goodwill impairment     (85,273)  
Foreign exchange translation     1,180  
Ending balance 1,041,338   1,041,338  
Operating Segments | Cybersecurity and Martech        
Goodwill [Line Items]        
Beginning balance     529,185  
Goodwill acquired     0  
Goodwill removed due to sale of businesses     0  
Goodwill impairment     0  
Foreign exchange translation     2,331  
Ending balance $ 531,516   $ 531,516  
v3.24.3
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Narrative) (Details)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
reporting_unit
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
reporting_unit
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
reporting_unit
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
reporting_unit
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]          
Goodwill impairment on business $ 85,273 $ 56,850 $ 85,273 $ 56,850  
Goodwill 1,572,854   1,572,854   $ 1,546,065
Amortization expense 28,500 33,000 82,500 100,000  
Digital Media          
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]          
Goodwill accumulated impairment loss 169,500   169,500   84,200
Goodwill impairment on business 85,300 $ 56,900 85,300 $ 56,900  
Digital Media | Operating Segments          
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]          
Goodwill impairment on business     85,273    
Goodwill $ 1,041,338   $ 1,041,338   $ 1,016,880
Digital Media | Operating Segments | Digital Media Subsegment          
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]          
Number of Reporting Units | reporting_unit 2 1 2 1  
Number of reporting units with additional risk of impairment | reporting_unit 1        
Number of reporting units with risk of impairment | reporting_unit 3        
Digital Media | Operating Segments | Digital Media Subsegment, Two          
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]          
Goodwill $ 498,400   $ 498,400    
v3.24.3
Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Historical Cost $ 1,650,042 $ 1,420,232
Accumulated Amortization 1,179,268 1,094,826
Net 470,774 325,406
Trade names and trademarks    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Historical Cost 375,332 347,895
Accumulated Amortization 214,695 192,111
Net 160,637 155,784
Customer relationships    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Historical Cost 847,121 692,634
Accumulated Amortization 603,979 555,384
Net 243,142 137,250
Other purchased intangibles    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Historical Cost 427,589 379,703
Accumulated Amortization 360,594 347,331
Net $ 66,995 $ 32,372
v3.24.3
Debt - Long-term Debt (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Sep. 30, 2024
Jul. 16, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Oct. 07, 2020
Nov. 15, 2019
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Less: Unamortized discount $ (6,015)   $ (2,463)    
Debt issuance costs (2,538)   (6,263)    
Total long-term debt 863,741   1,001,312    
Revolving Credit Facility          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Long-term debt, gross 0   0    
Senior Notes | 4.625% Senior Notes          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate       4.625%  
Long-term debt, gross 460,038   460,038    
Debt issuance costs (700)   (800)    
Convertible Debt          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Long-term debt, gross 872,294   1,010,038    
Convertible Debt | 1.75% Convertible Notes          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate         1.75%
Long-term debt, gross 149,109   550,000    
Debt issuance costs (1,000)   (5,500)    
Convertible Debt | 3.625% Convertible Notes          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate   3.625%      
Long-term debt, gross 263,147   $ 0    
Debt issuance costs $ (800)        
v3.24.3
Debt - Narrative (Details)
 1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 4 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Jul. 16, 2024
USD ($)
tradingDay
$ / shares
Jun. 18, 2024
USD ($)
Nov. 01, 2023
USD ($)
Oct. 07, 2021
Apr. 07, 2021
USD ($)
Oct. 07, 2020
USD ($)
fiscalQuarterPeriod
Nov. 15, 2019
USD ($)
tradingDay
Aug. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Nov. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
$ / shares
shares
Sep. 30, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
$ / shares
May 01, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Principal maturing in 2026                     $ 149,100,000      
Principal maturing in 2028                     263,100,000      
Principal maturing in 2030                     460,000,000      
Debt instrument, convertible, beneficial conversion feature                     $ 4,001,000 $ 0    
Common stock, par value (in usd per share) | $ / shares $ 0.01                   $ 0.01   $ 0.01  
Basis spread on variable rate   0.10%                        
Revolving Credit Facility                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Credit agreement                     $ 350,000,000   $ 350,000,000  
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity   $ 350,000,000.0     $ 100,000,000                  
Increase available   $ 250,000,000.0                        
1.75% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Stated interest rate             1.75%              
Debt instrument, face amount             $ 550,000,000.0       149,100,000      
Proceeds from debt, net of issuance costs             $ 537,100,000              
Effective interest rate 4.20%                          
Aggregate principal including cash payment $ 400,900,000                          
Interest Payable                     $ 1,500,000      
Additional interest                           0.50%
Interest expense     $ 700,000           $ 300,000     $ 7,700,000    
Interest expense paid to trustees               $ 7,000,000            
Non-recurring interest expense                   $ 7,700,000        
Convertible debt conversion ratio       0.0093783                    
Shares issued in debt-for-equity exchange (in shares) | shares                     1,398,391      
Convertible debt conversion price (in usd per share) | $ / shares                     $ 106.63      
Repayments of convertible debt 135,000,000                          
1.75% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Convertible debt threshold trading days | tradingDay             20              
Convertible debt threshold consecutive trading days | tradingDay             30              
Convertible debt conversion ratio             1.30              
1.75% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Convertible debt threshold trading days | tradingDay             5              
Convertible debt threshold consecutive trading days | tradingDay             10              
Convertible debt conversion ratio             0.98              
3.625% Convertible Notes                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Debt instrument, convertible, beneficial conversion feature 4,000,000                          
Deferred tax liabilities $ (1,000,000)                          
3.625% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Stated interest rate 3.625%                          
Debt instrument, face amount $ 263,100,000                          
Convertible debt conversion ratio 0.01                          
Shares issued in debt-for-equity exchange (in shares) | shares                     2,631,470      
Convertible debt conversion price (in usd per share) | $ / shares                     $ 100      
3.625% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Convertible debt threshold trading days | tradingDay 20                          
Convertible debt threshold consecutive trading days | tradingDay 30                          
Convertible debt conversion ratio 1.30                          
3.625% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Convertible debt threshold trading days | tradingDay 5                          
Convertible debt threshold consecutive trading days | tradingDay 10                          
Convertible debt conversion ratio 0.98                          
4.625% Senior Notes | Senior Notes                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Stated interest rate           4.625%                
Debt instrument, face amount           $ 750,000,000                
Proceeds from debt, net of issuance costs           $ 742,700,000                
Effective interest rate           4.70%                
Covenant, leverage ratio, minimum           3.5                
Covenant restricted payment threshold           $ 250,000,000                
Covenant, EBITDA minimum           50.00%                
Covenant, EBITDA minimum, fiscal quarter period | fiscalQuarterPeriod           4                
Repurchased principal                     $ 290,000,000      
4.625% Senior Notes | Senior Notes | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Redemption price, percentage           100.00%                
6.0% Senior Notes | Senior Notes                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Stated interest rate           6.00%                
Bridge Loan Facility | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | Minimum                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Basis spread on variable rate         1.50%                  
Bridge Loan Facility | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) | Maximum                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Basis spread on variable rate         2.25%                  
Bridge Loan Facility | Base Rate | Minimum                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Basis spread on variable rate         0.50%                  
Bridge Loan Facility | Base Rate | Maximum                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Basis spread on variable rate         1.25%                  
Bridge Loan Facility | Credit Spread Adjustment                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Basis spread on variable rate         0.10%                  
Bridge Loan Facility | Bridge Loan | Federal Funds Effective Rate                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Basis spread on variable rate         0.50%                  
Bridge Loan Facility | Bridge Loan | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR)                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Derivative basis spread on variable rate         1.00%                  
Credit Agreement | Line of Credit                            
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                            
Debt instrument, covenant, leverage ratio, maximum                     4.00      
Debt instrument, covenant, interest coverage ratio, minimum                     3.00      
v3.24.3
Debt - Components of Interest Expense Related to Convertible Notes (Details) - Convertible Debt - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
1.75% Convertible Notes        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Contractual/Coupon Interest Expense $ 964 $ 2,746 $ 5,777 $ 14,963
Amortization of discount and deferred/ debt issuance costs 185 466 1,128 1,395
Total interest expense related to Convertible Notes 1,149 $ 3,212 $ 6,905 $ 16,358
3.625% Convertible Notes        
Debt Instrument [Line Items]        
Contractual/Coupon Interest Expense 1,987      
Amortization of discount and deferred/ debt issuance costs 258      
Total interest expense related to Convertible Notes $ 2,245      
v3.24.3
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]    
Estimate of possible loss $ 26.9 $ 28.1
v3.24.3
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]          
Effective tax rate (34.90%) (20.70%) 149.00% (1040.80%)  
Goodwill impairment on business $ 85,273 $ 56,850 $ 85,273 $ 56,850  
Discrete tax benefit     2,500    
Unrecognized tax benefits 37,000   37,000   $ 36,100
Prepaid tax payments $ 1,300   $ 1,300   $ 4,700
v3.24.3
Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 50 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Aug. 02, 2024
Aug. 06, 2020
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]              
Number of shares purchased from plan participants (in shares) 2,464 9,479 62,054 51,354      
Tax withholding aggregate cost $ 0.1 $ 0.2 $ 4.1 $ 3.5      
2020 Repurchase Program              
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]              
Maximum number of shares authorized to be repurchased (in shares)           15,000,000 10,000,000
Additional shares authorized (in shares)           5,000,000  
Shares repurchased under the program (in shares) 2,000,000 605,428 3,500,000 1,585,846 8,758,692    
Shares repurchased aggregate cost $ 96.9 $ 41.0 $ 181.8 $ 104.9 $ 583.6    
Number of remaining shares available for purchase (in shares) 6,241,308   6,241,308   6,241,308    
v3.24.3
Share-Based Compensation (Narrative) (Details)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
d
$ / shares
shares
Sep. 30, 2023
$ / shares
shares
Dec. 31, 2023
shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Number of options outstanding (in shares) 435,135    
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Restricted stock units outstanding (in shares) 694,769   506,425
Granted (in shares) 394,994 296,705  
Weighted-average period to recognize compensation cost (in years) 2 years 2 months 12 days    
Restricted Stock And Restricted Stock Unit (RSU) | Board of Directors      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting periods 1 year    
Market-based Restricted Stock Awards (PSAs)      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Granted (in shares) 0 167,606  
Trading days | d 20    
Trading days, lookback | d 30    
Weighted-average period to recognize compensation cost (in years) 1 year 3 months 18 days    
Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Unit (RSU), Market-based Restricted Stock      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested awards granted | $ $ 61.4    
Restricted Stock Awards (RSAs)      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Granted (in shares) 0    
Weighted-average period to recognize compensation cost (in years) 1 year 3 months 18 days    
Market-based Restricted Stock Units (PSUs)      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Restricted stock units outstanding (in shares) 532,727   270,772
Granted (in shares) 308,970    
Weighted-average grant-date fair values of restricted stock awards granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 87.17 $ 70.07  
Weighted-average period to recognize compensation cost (in years) 2 years 2 months 12 days    
Minimum | Restricted Stock And Restricted Stock Unit (RSU) | Senior Staff      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting periods 3 years    
Minimum | Restricted Stock And Restricted Stock Unit (RSU) | Chief Executive Officer      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting periods 3 years    
Minimum | Market-based Restricted Stock Awards (PSAs)      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Weighted-average grant-date fair values of restricted stock awards granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   83.61  
Minimum | Market-based Restricted Stock Units (PSUs)      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Vesting percentage 0.00%    
Maximum | Restricted Stock And Restricted Stock Unit (RSU) | Senior Staff      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting periods 4 years    
Maximum | Restricted Stock And Restricted Stock Unit (RSU) | Chief Executive Officer      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Award vesting periods 8 years    
Maximum | Market-based Restricted Stock Awards (PSAs)      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Weighted-average grant-date fair values of restricted stock awards granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares   $ 103.76  
Maximum | Market-based Restricted Stock Units (PSUs)      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Vesting percentage 200.00%    
2024 Stock Option Plan      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Maximum issuance of common stock (in shares) 3,500,000    
Number of shares available for issuance (in shares) 3,582,306    
2015 Stock Option Plan | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)      
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]      
Restricted stock units outstanding (in shares) 694,769    
v3.24.3
Share-Based Compensation (Effects of Share-based Compensation expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total share-based compensation expense $ 10,161 $ 6,774 $ 30,633 $ 24,393
Direct costs        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total share-based compensation expense 68 76 191 246
Sales and marketing        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total share-based compensation expense 1,014 323 2,865 2,285
Research, development and engineering        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total share-based compensation expense 769 840 2,930 2,581
General, administrative, and other related costs        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total share-based compensation expense $ 8,310 $ 5,535 $ 24,647 $ 19,281
v3.24.3
Share-Based Compensation (Market-Based Restricted Stock Awards, Valuation Assumptions) (Details) - Market-based Restricted Stock Units (PSUs) - $ / shares
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Underlying stock price at valuation date (in usd per share) $ 66.88 $ 77.80
Expected volatility (as a percent) 32.90% 32.00%
Risk-free interest rate (as a percent) 4.30% 4.10%
v3.24.3
Share-Based Compensation (Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Award Activity) (Details) - $ / shares
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Restricted Stock Awards (RSAs)    
Number of Shares    
Nonvested at beginning of period (in shares) 95,718  
Granted (in shares) 0  
Vested (in shares) (41,170)  
Forfeited (in shares) (154)  
Nonvested at end of period (in shares) 54,394  
Number of Shares    
Granted (in shares) 0  
Vested (in shares) (41,170)  
Forfeited (in shares) 154  
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value    
Nonvested at beginning of period (in dollars per share) $ 70.17  
Granted (in dollars per share) 0  
Vested (in dollars per share) 71.73  
Forfeited (in dollars per share) 77.75  
Nonvested at end of period (in dollars per share) $ 68.97  
Market-based Restricted Stock Awards (PSAs)    
Number of Shares    
Nonvested at beginning of period (in shares) 163,181  
Granted (in shares) 0 167,606
Vested (in shares) 0  
Forfeited (in shares) 0  
Nonvested at end of period (in shares) 163,181  
Number of Shares    
Granted (in shares) 0 167,606
Vested (in shares) 0  
Forfeited (in shares) 0  
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value    
Nonvested at beginning of period (in dollars per share) $ 36.27  
Granted (in dollars per share) 0  
Vested (in dollars per share) 0  
Forfeited (in dollars per share) 0  
Nonvested at end of period (in dollars per share) $ 36.27  
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)    
Number of Shares    
Granted (in shares) 394,994 296,705
Vested (in shares) (132,003)  
Forfeited (in shares) (74,647)  
Number of Shares    
Outstanding at beginning of period (in shares) 506,425  
Granted (in shares) 394,994 296,705
Vested (in shares) (132,003)  
Forfeited (in shares) 74,647  
Outstanding at end of period (in shares) 694,769  
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value    
Nonvested at beginning of period (in dollars per share) $ 88.36  
Granted (in dollars per share) 65.24  
Vested (in dollars per share) 83.91  
Forfeited (in dollars per share) 75.63  
Nonvested at end of period (in dollars per share) $ 77.40  
Market-based Restricted Stock Units (PSUs)    
Number of Shares    
Granted (in shares) 308,970  
Vested (in shares) 0  
Forfeited (in shares) (47,015)  
Number of Shares    
Outstanding at beginning of period (in shares) 270,772  
Granted (in shares) 308,970  
Vested (in shares) 0  
Forfeited (in shares) 47,015  
Outstanding at end of period (in shares) 532,727  
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value    
Nonvested at beginning of period (in dollars per share) $ 77.09  
Granted (in dollars per share) 87.17  
Vested (in dollars per share) 0  
Forfeited (in dollars per share) 79.49  
Nonvested at end of period (in dollars per share) $ 82.71  
v3.24.3
Earnings Per Share (Components of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share) (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Numerator for basic and diluted net loss per common share:        
Net loss - basic $ (48,577) $ (30,971) $ (1,040) $ (21,919)
Net loss - diluted (48,577) (30,971) (1,040) (21,919)
Plus: Convertible Notes interest expense (after-tax) 0 0    
Net income available to the Company's common shareholders - basic (48,577) (30,971) (1,040) (21,919)
Net income available to the Company’s common shareholders - diluted $ (48,577) $ (30,971) $ (1,040) $ (21,919)
Denominator:        
Basic weighted -average outstanding shares of common stock (in shares) 43,924,158 46,062,097 45,088,272 46,612,660
Dilutive effect of:        
Equity incentive plans (in shares) 0 0 0 0
Convertible debt (in shares) 0 0 0 0
Diluted weighted-average outstanding shares of common stock (in shares) 43,924,158 46,062,097 45,088,272 46,612,660
Net loss per share - basic (in dollars per share) $ (1.11) $ (0.67) $ (0.02) $ (0.47)
Net loss per share - diluted (in dollars per share) $ (1.11) $ (0.67) $ (0.02) $ (0.47)
v3.24.3
Earnings Per Share (Narrative) (Details) - shares
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Stock Options And Restricted Stock        
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]        
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 1,879,840 1,512,611 1,879,840 1,512,611
Convertible Debt Securities        
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]        
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 4,213,808 5,158,071 5,406,679 5,158,071
v3.24.3
Segment Information (Narrative) (Details)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Number of reportable segments 2
v3.24.3
Segment Information (Reconciliation of Total Segment Operating Income to Consolidated Operating Income) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total revenues $ 353,580 $ 340,985 $ 988,865 $ 974,143
Total operating costs and expenses 382,884 354,304 953,739 922,252
(Loss) income from operations (29,304) (13,319) 35,126 51,891
Reportable segments        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total revenues 353,580 340,985 988,865 974,143
Total operating costs and expenses 363,441 341,380 901,146 884,233
(Loss) income from operations (9,861) (395) 87,719 89,910
Elimination of inter-segment operating expenses        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total revenues (26) (17) (46) (152)
Total operating costs and expenses (26) (17) (46) (152)
Corporate        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total revenues 0 0 0 0
Total operating costs and expenses 19,443 12,924 52,593 38,019
(Loss) income from operations (19,443) (12,924) (52,593) (38,019)
Digital Media | Reportable segments        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total revenues 283,567 267,951 774,436 755,032
Total operating costs and expenses 308,309 280,856 732,554 702,752
(Loss) income from operations (24,742) (12,905) 41,882 52,280
Cybersecurity and Martech operating income | Reportable segments        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total revenues 70,039 73,051 214,475 219,263
Total operating costs and expenses 55,158 60,541 168,638 181,633
(Loss) income from operations $ 14,881 $ 12,510 $ 45,837 $ 37,630
v3.24.3
Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Non-Cash) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 9 Months Ended
Jul. 16, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Non-cash investing activity:      
Property and equipment, accrued but unpaid   $ 0 $ 373
Right-of-use assets acquired in exchange for operating lease obligations   1,035 1,282
Purchase of equity investments with common stock   0 13,500
Non-cash financing activity:      
Increase in fair value of conversion feature on 3.625% Convertible Notes   4,001 0
Excise tax on share repurchases   $ 1,797 $ 1,038
3.625% Convertible Notes      
Non-cash financing activity:      
Increase in fair value of conversion feature on 3.625% Convertible Notes $ 4,000    
3.625% Convertible Notes | Convertible Debt      
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]      
Stated interest rate 3.625%    
v3.24.3
Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]    
Interest paid $ 16,912 $ 22,395
Income taxes paid, net of refunds $ 49,660 $ 47,001
v3.24.3
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($)
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
AOCI Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]        
Beginning balance $ 1,869,887,000 $ 1,862,682,000 $ 1,892,998,000 $ 1,892,611,000
Ending balance 1,752,312,000 1,804,138,000 1,752,312,000 1,804,138,000
Other comprehensive loss reclassifications 0 0 0 0
Accumulated other comprehensive loss        
AOCI Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]        
Beginning balance (78,335,000) (79,581,000) (71,620,000) (85,373,000)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 14,866,000   8,151,000  
Ending balance (63,469,000) $ (86,113,000) (63,469,000) $ (86,113,000)
Unrealized Gains on Investments        
AOCI Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]        
Beginning balance 815,000   537,000  
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 352,000   630,000  
Ending balance 1,167,000   1,167,000  
Foreign Currency Translation        
AOCI Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]        
Beginning balance (79,150,000)   (72,157,000)  
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 14,514,000   7,521,000  
Ending balance $ (64,636,000)   $ (64,636,000)  
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