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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
____________________________________
FORM 10-Q
____________________________________
☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024
OR
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                     
Commission file number: 033-90866
____________________________________
WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES
CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
____________________________________
Delaware25-1615902
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
30 Isabella Street Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
15212
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip code)
412-825-1000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Not applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
____________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par value per share
WAB
New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).     Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer☒Accelerated filer☐Non-accelerated filer☐
Emerging growth company☐Smaller reporting company☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes  ☐    No  ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
As of October 18, 2024, there were 171,889,624 shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of the registrant outstanding.



WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE
TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
September 30, 2024
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.

2

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Unaudited
In millions, except par valueSeptember 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
Assets
Assets
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$410 $620 
Accounts receivable 1,231 1,160 
Unbilled accounts receivable551 524 
Inventories, net2,380 2,284 
Other current assets 202 267 
Total current assets 4,774 4,855 
Property, plant and equipment, net 1,439 1,485 
Goodwill 8,786 8,780 
Other intangible assets, net 2,996 3,205 
Other noncurrent assets 649 663 
Total noncurrent assets 13,870 14,133 
Total Assets $18,644 $18,988 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Liabilities
Accounts payable $1,338 $1,250 
Customer deposits 567 804 
Accrued compensation 380 341 
Accrued warranty 244 220 
Current portion of long-term debt500 781 
Other accrued liabilities 652 660 
Total current liabilities 3,681 4,056 
Long-term debt 3,517 3,288 
Accrued postretirement and pension benefits62 62 
Deferred income taxes 295 318 
Other long-term liabilities 798 740 
Total Liabilities 8,353 8,464 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Equity
Common stock, $.01 par value; 500.0 shares authorized and 226.9 shares issued: 171.9 and 177.8 outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
2 2 
Additional paid-in capital 7,999 7,977 
Treasury stock, at cost, 55.0 and 49.1 shares, at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
(3,151)(2,171)
Retained earnings 6,007 5,269 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (607)(590)
Total Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation shareholders’ equity 10,250 10,487 
Noncontrolling interest41 37 
Total Equity 10,291 10,524 
Total Liabilities and Equity $18,644 $18,988 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
3

WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
UnauditedUnaudited
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions, except per share data2024202320242023
Net sales:
Sales of goods$2,171 $2,048 $6,323 $5,631 
Sales of services492 502 1,481 1,520 
Total net sales2,663 2,550 7,804 7,151 
Cost of sales:
Cost of goods(1,512)(1,475)(4,413)(4,132)
Cost of services(271)(283)(822)(839)
Total cost of sales(1,783)(1,758)(5,235)(4,971)
Gross profit880 792 2,569 2,180 
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses(318)(295)(915)(843)
Engineering expenses(50)(53)(155)(157)
Amortization expense(79)(74)(224)(222)
Total operating expenses(447)(422)(1,294)(1,222)
Income from operations433 370 1,275 958 
Other income and expenses:
Interest expense, net(52)(60)(148)(163)
Other (expense) income, net(3)10 (1)17 
Income before income taxes 378 320 1,126 812 
Income tax expense(92)(78)(272)(204)
Net income286 242 854 608 
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest(3)(2)(10)(8)
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders$283 $240 $844 $600 
Earnings Per Common Share
Basic
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders$1.63 $1.34 $4.81 $3.34 
Diluted
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders$1.63 $1.33 $4.80 $3.33 
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic173.4 178.6 175.1 179.1 
Diluted174.1 179.2 175.7 179.7 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
4

WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
UnauditedUnaudited
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions2024202320242023
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders$283 $240 $844 $600 
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)114 (106)(23)(82)
Unrealized (loss) gain on derivative contracts(2)21 11 39 
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on pension and post-retirement benefit plans1 3 (3)1 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax113 (82)(15)(42)
Income tax expense related to components of other comprehensive income— (7)(2)(10)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax113 (89)(17)(52)
Comprehensive income attributable to Wabtec shareholders$396 $151 $827 $548 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

5

WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Unaudited
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions20242023
Operating Activities
Net income$854 $608 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization375 371 
Stock-based compensation expense44 36 
Below market intangible amortization(34)(39)
Net loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment2 4 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts receivable and unbilled accounts receivable(92)(214)
Inventories(115)(201)
Accounts payable87 (50)
Accrued income taxes33 (6)
Accrued liabilities and customer deposits(172)12 
Other assets and liabilities129 (6)
Net cash provided by operating activities1,111 515 
Investing Activities
Purchase of property, plant and equipment(123)(109)
Proceeds from dispositions of businesses17 — 
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment13 — 
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired(13)(227)
Net cash used for investing activities(106)(336)
Financing Activities
Proceeds from debt, net of issuance costs1,872 4,351 
Payments of debt(1,934)(4,302)
Repurchase of stock(974)(252)
Cash dividends(106)(92)
Payment of contingent consideration(42)— 
Payment of income tax withholding on share-based compensation(24)(16)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest(6)(12)
Other financing activities5 — 
Net cash used for financing activities(1,209)(323)
Effect of changes in currency exchange rates(6)(5)
 Decrease in cash(210)(149)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period620 541 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period$410 $392 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
 

6

WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
In millionsCommon Stock SharesCommon Stock AmountAdditional Paid-in CapitalTreasury Stock SharesTreasury Stock AmountRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossNon-controlling InterestTotal
Balance, December 31, 2023226.9 $2 $7,977 (49.1)$(2,171)$5,269 $(590)$37 $10,524 
Cash dividends ($0.20 dividend per share)
— — — — — (36)— — (36)
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax— — (22)0.3 2 — — — (20)
Stock based compensation— — 12 — — — — — 12 
Net income— — — — — 272 — 5 277 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax— — — — — — (77)— (77)
Stock repurchase— — — (1.3)(176)— — — (176)
Balance, March 31, 2024226.9 $2 $7,967 (50.1)$(2,345)$5,505 $(667)$42 $10,504 
Cash dividends ($0.20 dividend per share)
— — — — — (35)— — (35)
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax— — — 0.1 2 — — — 2 
Stock based compensation— — 14 — — — — — 14 
Net income— — — — — 289 — 2 291 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax— — — — — — (53)— (53)
Stock repurchase— — — (1.3)(202)— — — (202)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest— — — — — — — (1)(1)
Balance, June 30, 2024226.9 $2 $7,981 (51.3)$(2,545)$5,759 $(720)$43 $10,520 
Cash dividends ($0.20 dividend per share)
— — — — — (35)— (35)
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax— — — — (1)— — — (1)
Stock based compensation— — 18 — — — — — 18 
Net income— — — — — 283 — 3 286 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax— — — — — — 113 — 113 
Stock repurchase— — — (3.7)(605)— — — (605)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest— — — — — — — (5)(5)
Balance, September 30, 2024226.9 $2 $7,999 (55.0)$(3,151)$6,007 $(607)$41 $10,291 

7

In millionsCommon Stock SharesCommon Stock AmountAdditional Paid-in CapitalTreasury Stock SharesTreasury Stock AmountRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive LossNon-controlling InterestTotal
Balance, December 31, 2022226.9 $2 $7,953 (45.7)$(1,769)$4,577 $(661)$45 $10,147 
Cash dividends ($0.17 dividend per share)
— — — — — (31)— — (31)
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax— — (23)0.3 6 — — — (17)
Stock based compensation— — 10 — — — — — 10 
Net income— — — — — 169 — 4 173 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax— — — — — — 30 — 30 
Stock repurchase— — — (1.7)(178)— — — (178)
Balance, March 31, 2023226.9 $2 $7,940 (47.1)$(1,941)$4,715 $(631)$49 $10,134 
Cash dividends ($0.17 dividend per share)
— — — — — (31)— — (31)
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax— — (3)0.1 3 — — — — 
Stock based compensation— — 12 — — — — — 12 
Net income— — — — — 191 — 2 193 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax— — — — — — 7 — 7 
Stock repurchase— — — (0.8)(76)— — — (76)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest— — — — — — — (12)(12)
Balance, June 30, 2023226.9 $2 $7,949 (47.8)$(2,014)$4,875 $(624)$39 $10,227 
Cash dividends ($0.17 dividend per share)
— — — — — (30)— — (30)
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax— — 2 — 1 — — — 3 
Stock based compensation— — 14 — — — — — 14 
Net income— — — — — 240 — 2 242 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax— — — — — — (89)— (89)
Balance, September 30, 2023226.9 $2 $7,965 (47.8)$(2,013)$5,085 $(713)$41 $10,367 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
8

WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024 (UNAUDITED)

1. BUSINESS
Except as the context otherwise requires, all references to “we”, “our”, “us”, the “Company” and “Wabtec” refer to Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries. References to the “Parent Company” refer to Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation alone. Wabtec is a global provider of value-added, technology-based locomotives, equipment, systems, and services for the freight rail and passenger transit industries, as well as the mining, marine and industrial markets. Our highly engineered products, which are intended to enhance safety, improve productivity and reduce maintenance costs for customers, can be found on most locomotives, freight cars, passenger transit cars and buses around the world. Our core products and services are essential in the safe and efficient operation of freight rail and passenger transit vehicles. Wabtec is a global company with operations in over 50 countries and our products can be found in more than 100 countries throughout the world. In the first nine months of 2024, approximately 52% of the Company’s Net sales came from customers outside the United States.
2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in the United States of America and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and include the accounts of Wabtec and its subsidiaries in which Wabtec has a controlling interest. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements. In Management’s opinion, these financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified, where necessary, to conform to the current year presentation.
Results for these interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year, particularly in light of ongoing volatility in the macroeconomic environment caused by supply chain disruptions, labor availability, broad-based inflation, and the impacts from regional conflicts. These factors continue to impact our sales channels, supply chain, manufacturing operations, workforce, and other key aspects of our operations. We are unable to reasonably predict the full impact of these factors due to the high degree of uncertainty regarding their duration and severity, their potential impact on global economic activity, and the impact that current and new sanctions may have on our business, global supply chain operations and our customers, suppliers, and end-markets.
The Company operates on a four-four-five week accounting quarter, and the quarters end on or about March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31.
The notes included herein should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in Wabtec’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The December 31, 2023 information has been derived from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP in the United States requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual amounts could differ from the estimates. On an ongoing basis, Management reviews its estimates based on currently available information. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates.
Revenue Recognition A majority of the Company’s revenues are derived from performance obligations that are satisfied at a point in time when control passes to the customer. The remaining revenues are earned over time. Generally, for performance obligations satisfied at a point in time control passes at the time of shipment in accordance with agreed upon delivery terms.
The Company also has long-term customer agreements involving the design and production of highly engineered products that require revenue to be recognized over time because these products have no alternative use without significant economic loss, and the agreements contain an enforceable right to payment including a reasonable profit margin from the customer in the event of contract termination. Additionally, the Company has customer agreements involving the creation or enhancement of an asset that the customer controls which also require revenue to be recognized over time. Generally, the Company uses an input method for determining the amount of revenue, cost and gross margin to recognize over time for these customer agreements. The input methods used for these agreements include costs of material and labor, both of which give an accurate representation of the progress made toward complete satisfaction of a particular performance obligation. The Company may also use the output method which recognizes revenue based on direct measurements of the value transferred to the customer. Contract revenues and cost estimates are reviewed and revised periodically throughout the year and adjustments are reflected in the accounting period as such amounts are determined.
9

Due to the nature of work required to be performed on the Company’s long-term projects, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. Contract estimates related to long-term projects are based on various assumptions to project the outcome of future events that could span several years. These assumptions include cost of materials; labor availability and productivity; complexity of the work to be performed; and the performance of suppliers, customers and subcontractors that may be associated with the contract. We have a disciplined process where Management reviews the progress of long term-projects periodically throughout the year. As part of this process, Management reviews information including key contract matters, progress towards completion, identified risks and opportunities and any other information that could impact the Company’s estimates of revenue and costs. After completing this analysis, any adjustments to net sales, cost of goods sold, and the related impact to operating income are recognized as necessary in the period they become known.
Generally, the Company’s revenue contains a single performance obligation for each distinct good or service; however, a single contract may have multiple performance obligations comprising multiple promises to customers. When there are multiple performance obligations, revenue is allocated based on the relative stand-alone selling price. Pricing is defined in our contracts on a line item basis and includes an estimate of variable consideration when required by the terms of the individual customer contract. Types of variable consideration the Company typically has include volume discounts, prompt payment discounts, price escalation clauses, liquidating damages, and performance bonuses. Sales returns and allowances are also estimated and recognized in the same period the related revenue is recognized, based upon the Company’s experience and future expectations.
Remaining performance obligations represent the allocated transaction price of unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations. As of September 30, 2024, the Company's remaining performance obligations were approximately $22.2 billion. The Company expects to recognize revenue of approximately 34% of the remaining performance obligations over the next 12 months, with the remainder recognized thereafter.
Revolving Receivables Program The Company utilizes a revolving facility to sell up to $350 million of certain receivables of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries (the "Originators"). The Originators contribute receivables to our bankruptcy-remote subsidiary, which sells the receivables to a financial institution on a recurring basis in exchange for cash equal to the gross receivables sold. The bankruptcy remote subsidiary is a separate legal entity with its own creditors, and its assets are not available to pay creditors of the Company or any other affiliates of the Company. As customers pay their balances, we transfer additional receivables into the program, which could result in our gross receivables sold being higher or lower than customer collections remitted to the financial institution for any applicable period. The sold receivables are fully guaranteed by our bankruptcy-remote subsidiary, which holds additional receivables that are pledged as collateral under this facility. The Company has agreed to guarantee the performance of the Originators respective obligations under the revolving agreement. Neither the Company (except for the bankruptcy-remote consolidated subsidiary referenced above) nor the Originators guarantees the collectability of the receivables under the revolving agreements.
At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the bankruptcy-remote subsidiary held receivables of $646 million and $674 million, respectively, which are included in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The receivables held by the bankruptcy-remote subsidiary collateralize the outstanding receivables sold, which were $95 million and $20 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The transfers are recorded at the fair value of the proceeds received and obligations assumed less derecognized receivables. No obligation was recorded at September 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023 as the estimated expected credit losses on receivables sold is insignificant. Our maximum exposure to losses related to these receivables transferred is limited to the amount outstanding.
The following table sets forth a summary of receivables sold and the resulting impact of net cash proceeds included in cash from operations:
In millionsNine Months Ended
September 30, 2024		Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2023
Gross receivables sold/cash proceeds received$926 $2,030 
Customer collections remitted to financial institution(851)(1,875)
Net cash proceeds received included in cash from operations$75 $155 
Restricted Cash At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company classified cash of $9 million and $5 million, respectively, as restricted for cash held in escrow related to acquisitions.
Depreciation Expense Depreciation of property, plant and equipment related to the manufacturing of products or services provided is included in Cost of goods or Cost of services. Depreciation of other property, plant and equipment that is not attributable to the manufacturing of products or services provided is included in Selling, general and administrative
10

expenses or Engineering expenses to the extent the property, plant, and equipment is used for research and development purposes.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized. Other intangibles (with definite lives) are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives. Amortizable intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when indicators of impairment are present. The Company tests goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at the reporting unit level and at least annually. The Company performs its annual impairment test during the fourth quarter after the annual forecasting process is completed, and also tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company will perform either a qualitative or quantitative test for goodwill, performing a quantitative test for each identified reporting unit at least every three years. Periodically, Management of the Company assesses whether or not an indicator of impairment is present that would necessitate an impairment analysis be performed. No impairment indicators were identified during the current quarter.
Accounting Standards Recently Issued In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments in this update are intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. In addition to the current requirements, the amendments specify additional information be provided about the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") as well as disaggregated expense categories, to the extent that the CODM utilizes such data in deciding how to allocate resources. The amendments in this update do not affect the recognition, measurement, or financial statement presentation of expenses, and will be effective for Wabtec's annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2024 and interim reporting periods beginning January 1, 2025. The amendments will require increased interim and annual disclosures on current and comparable reporting periods presented in annual and interim company filings.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in this update require entities to disclose on an annual basis specific categories within the income tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The amendments in this update also require enhanced disaggregation of disclosures about income taxes paid and income tax expense, among other changes. The amendments in this update do not affect the recognition, measurement, or financial statement presentation of income taxes and will be effective for Wabtec's annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2025. The amendments will require increased annual disclosures on current and comparable reporting periods presented in annual and interim company filings. The Company is assessing the extent of the impact of the amendments on its future filings.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive (loss) income comprises both Net income and Other comprehensive (loss) income resulting from the change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources.
The changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, including any tax impacts, for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Foreign currency translationDerivative contractsPension and postretirement benefit plansTotal
In millions20242023202420232024202320242023
Balance at June 30$(678)$(572)$17 $4 $(59)$(56)$(720)$(624)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net114 (106)(1)16 — 1 113 (89)
Balance at September 30$(564)$(678)$16 $20 $(59)$(55)$(607)$(713)
11

The changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, including any tax impacts, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Foreign currency translationDerivative contractsPension and postretirement benefit plansTotal
In millions20242023202420232024202320242023
Balance at beginning of year$(541)$(596)$7 $(9)$(56)$(56)$(590)$(661)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications(23)(82)9 29 — — (14)(53)
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income— — — — (3)1 (3)1 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net(23)(82)9 29 (3)1 (17)(52)
Balance at September 30$(564)$(678)$16 $20 $(59)$(55)$(607)$(713)
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss are recognized in "Other (expense) income, net" with the tax impact recognized in "Income tax expense" on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
Supply Chain Financing Program The Company has entered into supply chain financing arrangements with third-party financial institutions to provide our vendors with enhanced payment options while providing the Company with added working capital flexibility. The Company does not provide any guarantees under these arrangements, does not have an economic interest in our suppliers' voluntary participation, does not receive an economic benefit from the financial institutions, and no assets are pledged under the arrangements. The arrangements do not change the payable terms negotiated by the Company and our vendors, which range between net 45 and net 180 days, and does not result in a change in the classification of amounts due as Accounts payable in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Suppliers utilized the program to accelerate receipt of payment from these financial institutions for $338 million and $305 million of the Company's outstanding Accounts payable as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The supplier invoices included under the program require payment in full to the financial institutions consistent with the Company’s normal terms and conditions as agreed upon with the vendor.

12

3. ACQUISITIONS
On December 22, 2023, the Company purchased the remaining ownership shares of Lokomotiv Kurastyru Zauyty ("LKZ"), a locomotive manufacturing and assembly company located in Kazakhstan, at which time it became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Prior to this purchase, Wabtec owned 50% of LKZ as a joint venture partner and accounted for its ownership interest as an equity method investment. Total purchase price for the remaining 50% interest was $111 million. Upon acquisition, Wabtec's previously held equity interest balance was remeasured to fair value and the Company ceased accounting for the investment using the equity method and recognized 100% of LKZ's identifiable assets and liabilities. LKZ's results of operations and cash flows have been fully consolidated subsequent to the acquisition date.
The following table summarizes the fair value of 100% of the LKZ assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
In millions
Assets acquired
Cash and cash equivalents $30 
Accounts receivable 6 
Inventory 95 
Property, plant and equipment 36 
Goodwill 111 
Other noncurrent assets 3 
Total assets acquired 281 
Liabilities assumed
Current liabilities 21 
Noncurrent liabilities 3 
Total liabilities assumed 24 
Net assets acquired $257 
The fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were determined using the income, cost and market approaches. These estimates are preliminary in nature and subject to adjustments, which could be material as the Company has not completed its valuation of acquired assets and liabilities. Any necessary adjustments will be finalized within one year from the date of acquisition.
Goodwill was calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the fair value of the net assets acquired and represents the assembled workforce and the future economic benefits of expanding our global operations expected to be achieved as a result of the acquisition. The purchased goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The results of this business since the date of acquisition are reported within the Equipment product line of the Freight Segment. The pro forma impact on Wabtec’s sales and results of operations, including the pro forma effect of events that are directly attributable to the acquisition, was not significant.
13

During the second quarter of 2023, the Company acquired L&M Radiator, Inc., a leading manufacturer of heavy-duty equipment radiators and heat exchangers for the mining sector, for a purchase price of approximately $245 million.
The following table summarizes the fair value of the L&M Radiator, Inc. assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
In millions
Assets acquired
Cash and cash equivalents $16 
Accounts receivable 20 
Inventory 26 
Other current assets 1 
Property, plant and equipment 43 
Goodwill 106 
Other intangible assets89 
Other noncurrent assets 1 
Total assets acquired 302 
Liabilities assumed
Current liabilities 16 
Noncurrent liabilities 41 
Total liabilities assumed 57 
Net assets acquired $245 
The fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were determined using the income, cost and market approaches. Discounted cash flow models were used to estimate the fair values of acquired intangibles. The fair value measurements were primarily based on significant inputs that are not observable in the market and are considered Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Intangible assets acquired include customer relationships and acquired technology that are subject to amortization, and trade names that were assigned an indefinite life and are not subject to amortization.
Goodwill was calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the fair value of the net assets acquired, and represents the assembled workforce and the future economic benefits, including synergies, that are expected to be achieved as a result of the acquisition. The purchased goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The results of this business since the date of acquisition are reported within the Components product line of the Freight Segment. The pro forma impact on Wabtec’s sales and results of operations, including the pro forma effect of events that are directly attributable to the acquisition, was not significant.
The Company also made smaller acquisitions during the periods presented, none of which were material.

4. INVENTORIES
The components of inventory, net of reserves, were:
In millionsSeptember 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
Raw materials$1,028 $1,062 
Work-in-progress590 463 
Finished goods762 759 
Total inventories$2,380 $2,284 

14

5. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The change in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment is as follows:
In millionsFreight SegmentTransit SegmentTotal
Balance at December 31, 2023$7,294 $1,486 $8,780 
Additions/adjustments9 — 9 
Foreign currency impact(23)20 (3)
Balance at September 30, 2024$7,280 $1,506 $8,786 
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s trade names had a net carrying amount of $619 million and $612 million, respectively. The Company believes these intangibles have indefinite lives, with the exception of the right to use the GE Transportation trade name, to which the Company had assigned a useful life of 5 years and has been fully amortized.
Intangible assets of the Company, other than goodwill and trade names, consist of the following:
 September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
In millionsGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying AmountGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Amount
Backlog$1,433 $(605)$828 $1,431 $(526)$905 
Customer relationships1,322 (481)841 1,333 (431)902 
Acquired technology1,296 (588)708 1,283 (497)786 
Total$4,051 $(1,674)$2,377 $4,047 $(1,454)$2,593 
At September 30, 2024 the weighted average remaining useful lives of backlog, customer relationships and acquired technology were 7 years, 14 years and 6 years, respectively. The backlog intangible asset primarily consists of in-place long-term service agreements acquired by the Company in conjunction with the acquisition of GE Transportation. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $79 million and $224 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $74 million and $222 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.
Amortization expense for the five succeeding years is estimated to be as follows:
In millions
Remainder of 2024$70 
2025$272 
2026$267 
2027$262 
2028$261 

15

6. CONTRACT ASSETS AND CONTRACT LIABILITIES
Contract assets include unbilled amounts resulting from sales under long-term contracts where revenue is recognized over time and revenue exceeds the amount that can be billed to the customer based on the terms of the contract. The current portion of the contract assets are classified as current assets under the caption “Unbilled accounts receivable” while the noncurrent contract assets are classified as other assets under the caption "Other noncurrent assets" on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Noncurrent contract assets were $175 million at September 30, 2024 and $154 million at December 31, 2023. The Company has elected to use the practical expedient and does not consider unbilled amounts anticipated to be paid within one year as significant financing components.
Contract liabilities include customer deposits that are made prior to the incurrence of costs related to a newly agreed upon contract and advanced customer payments that are in excess of revenue recognized. The current portion of contract liabilities are classified as current liabilities under the caption “Customer deposits” while the noncurrent contract liabilities are classified as noncurrent liabilities under the caption "Other long-term liabilities" on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Noncurrent contract liabilities were $319 million at September 30, 2024 and $174 million at December 31, 2023. These contract liabilities are not considered a significant financing component because they are used to meet working capital demands that can be higher in the early stages of a contract or revenue associated with the contract liabilities is expected to be recognized within one year. Contract liabilities also include provisions for estimated losses from uncompleted contracts. Provisions for loss contracts were $89 million and $104 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. These provisions for estimated losses are classified as current liabilities and included within the caption “Other accrued liabilities” on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The change in the carrying amount of contract assets and contract liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:
Contract Assets
In millions20242023
Balance at beginning of year$678 $706 
Recognized in current year549 562 
Reclassified to accounts receivable(496)(456)
Acquisitions/adjustments— (2)
Foreign currency impact(5)(4)
Balance at September 30
$726 $806 
Contract Liabilities
In millions20242023
Balance at beginning of year$1,082 $956 
Recognized in current year1,021 1,043 
Amounts in beginning balance reclassified to revenue(513)(632)
Current year amounts reclassified to revenue(615)(393)
Acquisitions— 1 
Foreign currency impact— (6)
Balance at September 30$975 $969 
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7. LEASES
The Company leases certain property, buildings and equipment. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records the related asset and obligation at the present value of lease payments. Many of the Company's leases include rental escalation clauses, renewal options, and/or termination options that are factored into our determination of lease payments when appropriate. The right-of-use assets are classified as noncurrent and included within the caption "Other noncurrent assets" on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The current portion of lease liabilities are classified under the caption "Other accrued liabilities," while the noncurrent portion of lease liabilities are classified under the caption "Other long-term liabilities" on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company does not separate lease and non-lease components. As most of the Company's leases do not provide a readily stated discount rate, the Company must estimate the rate to discount lease payments using its incremental borrowing rate.
Operating lease expense was $18 million and $50 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $16 million and $48 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. New operating leases of $8 million and $40 million were added during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $7 million and $27 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. Wabtec does not have material financing leases, short-term or variable leases or sublease income.
Scheduled payments of lease liabilities are as follows:
In millionsOperating Leases
Remaining 2024$17 
202561 
202654 
202743 
202832 
Thereafter110 
Total lease payments317 
Less: Present value discount(27)
Present value of lease liabilities$290 
The following table summarizes the remaining lease term and discount rate assumptions used to develop the present value of operating lease liabilities:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)7.27.8
Weighted-average discount rate2.8 %2.4 %
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8. LONG-TERM DEBT
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
Effective Interest RateFace ValueSeptember 30, 2024December 31, 2023
In millionsBook Value
Fair Value1
Book Value
Fair Value1
2024 Credit Agreement:
Term Loan6.7 %$225 $224 $225 $— $— 
2022 Credit Agreement:
Revolving Credit Facility8.6 %N/A— — — — 
Delayed Draw Term Loan6.7 %$250 250 250 250 250 
Senior Notes:
4.15% Senior Notes, due 2024
— %$— — — 725 722 
3.20% Senior Notes, due 2025
3.4 %$500 499 494 499 484 
3.45% Senior Notes, due 2026
3.5 %$750 750 738 749 718 
1.25% Senior Notes (EUR), due 2027
1.5 %€500 552 527 547 509 
4.70% Senior Notes, due 2028
4.8 %$1,250 1,246 1,269 1,245 1,237 
5.611% Senior Notes, due 2034
5.7 %$500 495 529 — — 
Other Borrowings1 1 54 57 
Total4,017 4,033 4,069 3,977 
Less: current portion(500)(495)(781)(779)
Long-term portion$3,517 $3,538 $3,288 $3,198 
1. See Note 13 for information on the fair value measurement of the Company's long-term debt.
Variances between Face Value and Book Value are the result of unamortized discounts and debt issuance fees as well as foreign exchange on the Euro Notes. Amortization of discounts and debt issuance fees are included in the calculation of Effective Interest Rate.
For those debt securities that have a premium or discount at the time of issuance, the Company amortizes the amount through interest expense based on the maturity date or the first date the holders may require the Company to repurchase the debt securities, if applicable. A premium would result in a decrease in interest expense, and a discount would result in an increase in interest expense in future periods. Additionally, the Company has debt issuance costs related to certain financing transactions which are also amortized through interest expense. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had total combined unamortized discount and debt issuance costs of $17 million and $15 million, respectively.
Credit Agreements
2024 Credit Agreement
On March 14, 2024, the Company entered into a new stand-alone credit agreement (the "2024 Credit Agreement") for a term loan of $225 million. Borrowings under the 2024 Credit Agreement bear interest at a base rate plus an interest rate spread up to 1.75% based on the lower of the pricing corresponding to (i) the Company’s Leverage Ratio or (ii) the Company’s public rating. At September 30, 2024, the interest rate was 6.5%. The frequency of interest payments varies based upon the Interest Election Request. The term loan issued under the 2024 Credit Agreement will mature on March 14, 2029. The obligations of the Company under the 2024 Credit Agreement are unsecured and have been guaranteed by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. The agreement contains affirmative, negative and financial covenants, and events of default customary for facilities of this type.
Under the 2024 Credit Agreement, the Company has agreed to maintain an Interest Coverage Ratio of at least 3.0 to 1.0, and a Leverage Ratio not to exceed 3.5 to 1.0. The Interest Coverage Ratio is calculated using an earnings metric as defined in the agreement compared to Interest Expense for the four quarters then ended. The Leverage Ratio is defined as net debt (total debt, net of up to $300 million of unrestricted cash) as of the last day of such fiscal quarter to the defined earnings metric for the four quarters then ended. Additionally, the Company may effect an increase in the maximum Leverage Ratio in contemplation of a Material Acquisition. All terms are as defined in the 2024 Credit Agreement.
2022 Credit Agreement
On August 15, 2022, the Company entered into a new unsecured credit agreement (the "2022 Credit Agreement"). The 2022 Credit Agreement provides for borrowings consisting of (i) a multi-currency revolving credit facility, providing for an equivalent in U.S. dollars of up to $1.5 billion (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) and (ii) a $250 million delayed draw term loan facility (the “Delayed Draw Term Loan”), all pursuant to the terms and conditions of the 2022 Credit Agreement. The 2022
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Credit Agreement allows the Company to request, at prevailing market rates, an aggregate amount not to exceed $750 million, (a) increases to the borrowing commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility and/or (b) new incremental term loan commitments. The agreement contains affirmative, negative and financial covenants, and events of default customary for facilities of this type.
The Revolving Credit Facility matures on August 15, 2027. The Delayed Draw Term Loan was fully drawn during the third quarter of 2023, and the proceeds were utilized to redeem the 4.375% Senior Notes, due 2023. Borrowings under the Delayed Draw Term Loan will mature on August 15, 2027. Amounts borrowed and repaid under the Delayed Draw Term Loan may not be reborrowed. The applicable interest rate for borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement includes a base rate (per the Interest Election terms of the agreement) plus an interest rate spread up to 1.75% based on the lower of the pricing corresponding to (i) the Company’s financial leverage or (ii) the Company’s public rating. At September 30, 2024, the interest rate was 6.5%. Obligations under the Restated Credit Agreement have been guaranteed by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries.
Under the 2022 Credit Agreement, the Company has agreed to maintain an Interest Coverage Ratio of at least 3.0 to 1.0, and a Leverage Ratio not to exceed 3.5 to 1.0. The Interest Coverage Ratio is calculated using an earnings metric as defined in the agreement compared to Interest Expense for the four quarters then ended. The Leverage Ratio is defined as net debt (total debt, net of up to $300 million of unrestricted cash) as of the last day of such fiscal quarter to the defined earnings metric for the four quarters then ended. Additionally, the Company may effect an increase in the maximum Leverage Ratio in contemplation of a Material Acquisition. All terms are as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement.
The following table presents availability under the 2022 Credit Agreement at September 30, 2024:
In millionsRevolving Credit FacilityDelayed Draw Term LoanTotal
Maximum Availability$1,500 $250 $1,750 
Outstanding Borrowings— (250)(250)
Letters of Credit Under Credit Agreement— — — 
Current Availability$1,500 $— $1,500 
The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants in the 2022 Credit Agreement and the 2024 Credit Agreement as of September 30, 2024.
Intra-Quarter Uncommitted Money Market Line Credit Agreement
During the third quarter of 2024, the Company entered into an uncommitted bilateral money market line credit agreement which provides an aggregate borrowing capacity of $150 million, for general business purposes and working capital needs within a quarter.
Senior Notes
The Company or its subsidiaries may issue senior notes from time to time. These notes are comprised of our 4.15% Senior Notes due 2024 (the "2024 Notes"), 3.20% Senior Notes due 2025 (the "2025 Notes"), 3.45% Senior Notes due 2026 (the "2026 Notes"), 1.25% Senior Notes (EUR) due 2027 (the "Euro Notes"), 4.70% Senior Notes due 2028 (the "2028 Notes"), and 5.611% Senior Notes due 2034 (the "2034 Notes"). The 2024 Notes, 2025 Notes, 2026 Notes, 2028 Notes, and 2034 Notes are the “US Notes”, and collectively with the Euro Notes, the “Senior Notes.” Interest on the US Notes is payable semi-annually and interest on the Euro Notes is paid annually. Each series of the Senior Notes may be redeemed at any time in whole or from time to time in part in accordance with the provisions of the indenture, under which such series of notes was issued. Each of the Senior Notes may be redeemed at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount plus a specified make-whole premium and accrued interest. The US Notes and the Company's guarantee of the Euro Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company and rank pari passu with all existing and future senior debt, and are senior to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the Company.
On March 11, 2024, the Company issued $500 million of 5.611% Senior Notes due in 2034 (2034 Notes). The 2034 Notes were issued at 100% of face value and the Company recognized approximately $5 million of total deferred financing costs. Interest on the 2034 Notes will accrue at a rate of 5.611% per year, payable semi-annually on March 11 and September 11 of each year, commencing September 11, 2024. The 2034 Notes will mature on March 11, 2034.
Proceeds from the 2034 Notes, combined with the proceeds from the term loan under the 2024 Credit Agreement and cash on hand, were utilized to repay the outstanding amount of 2024 Notes at maturity.
Beginning September 15, 2023, the effective interest rates for the 2024 Notes and the 2028 Notes were each reduced by 0.25% due to a favorable change in Wabtec's corporate credit rating and the rating of the aforementioned notes.
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The indentures under which the Senior Notes were issued contain covenants and restrictions which limit, subject to certain exceptions, certain sale and leaseback transactions with respect to principal properties, the incurrence of secured debt without equally and ratably securing the Senior Notes, and certain merger and consolidation transactions. The covenants do not require the Company to maintain any financial ratios or specified levels of net worth or liquidity. The US Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis by each of the Company's subsidiaries that is a guarantor under the 2022 Credit Agreement and the 2024 Credit Agreement. The Euro Notes were issued by Wabtec Transportation Netherlands B.V. and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Parent Company.
The Company is in compliance with the restrictions and covenants in the indentures under which the Senior Notes were issued and expects that these restrictions and covenants will not be any type of limiting factor in executing our operating activities.

9. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company maintains employee stock-based compensation plans for stock options, restricted stock, and incentive stock units as governed by the 2011 Stock Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated (the “2011 Plan”) and the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the “2000 Plan”). The 2011 Plan has a term through May 10, 2027, and as of September 30, 2024, the number of shares available for future grants under the 2011 Plan was approximately 4.4 million shares. The Company also maintains a 1995 Non-Employee Directors’ Fee and Stock Option Plan as amended and restated (“the Directors Plan”).
Stock-based compensation expense was $23 million and $57 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $16 million and $42 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. At September 30, 2024, unamortized compensation expense related to stock options, non-vested restricted shares and incentive stock units expected to vest was approximately $91 million.
Stock Options Stock options can be granted to eligible employees and directors at an exercise price equal to fair market value, which is the average of the high and low Wabtec stock price on the date of grant. Options become exercisable over a three-year vesting period and expire 10 years from the date of grant. There were no stock options granted in the periods presented. At September 30, 2024, there were 231,026 shares issuable pursuant to exercisable stock options.

Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units and Incentive Stock As provided for under the 2011 Plan and 2000 Plan, eligible employees are granted restricted stock that generally vests over three years from the date of grant. Under the Directors Plan, restricted stock awards vest one year from the date of grant. The restricted stock units are liability-classified equity awards as they can be settled in cash.
In addition, the Company has issued incentive stock units to eligible employees that vest upon attainment of certain cumulative three-year performance goals, including a Relative Total Stockholder Return ("RTSR") modifier. The RTSR modifier can increase or decrease the payment by 10% or 20% depending on plan year. Significant judgments and estimates are used in determining the estimated three-year performance, which is then used to estimate the total shares expected to vest over the three-year vesting cycle and corresponding expense based on the grant date fair value of the award. When determining the estimated three-year performance, the Company utilizes a combination of historical actual results, budgeted results and forecasts. Upon the initial grant of a performance cycle, the Company estimates the three-year performance at 100%. Quarterly, the Company reviews and updates performance estimates based on actual performance results and current projections. Based on the Company’s performance for each three-year period then ended, the incentive stock units can vest and be awarded ranging from 0% to 200% of the initial incentive stock units granted. The incentive stock units included in the table below represent the number of incentive stock units that are expected to vest based on the Company’s estimate for meeting those established performance targets. As of September 30, 2024, the Company estimates that it will achieve 158%, 163% and 175% for the incentive stock awards expected to vest, inclusive of the RTSR modifier, based on the estimated performance for the three-year periods ending December 31, 2024, 2025, and 2026, respectively, and has recorded incentive compensation expense accordingly. If the estimates of the number of these incentive stock units expected to vest changes in a future accounting period, cumulative compensation expense could increase or decrease and will be recognized in the current period for the elapsed portion of the vesting period and would change future expense for the remaining vesting period.
Compensation expense for the non-vested restricted stock and incentive stock units is based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant and recognized over the applicable vesting period. Expense for incentive stock units is updated as necessary based on the Company's performance.
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The following table summarizes the restricted stock, restricted stock unit and incentive stock unit activity and related information for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:
Restricted
Stock
and Units		Incentive
Stock
Units		Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair
Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023760,569 692,732 $93.65 
Granted309,241 193,661 $142.43 
Vested(276,957)(298,756)$87.81 
Adjustment for incentive stock awards expected to vest— 190,451 $117.62 
Canceled(43,086)(19,852)$104.93 
Outstanding at September 30, 2024749,767 758,236 $114.70 

10. INCOME TAXES
The overall effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was 24.2% and 24.1%, respectively. The overall effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was 24.5% and 25.1%, respectively. The year over year decrease in the effective rate for the three month period ended September 30, 2024 was driven by a change in the jurisdictional mix of earnings and audit closures. Additionally, the year over year decrease in the effective tax rate for the nine month period ended September 30, 2024 was impacted by higher discrete equity compensation tax deductions, audit closures, and a change in jurisdictional mix of earnings.

11. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders is as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions, except per share data2024202320242023
Numerator
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders$283 $240 $844 $600 
Denominator
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic173.4 178.6 175.1 179.1 
Effect of dilutive securities:
Assumed conversion of dilutive stock-based compensation plans0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted174.1 179.2 175.7 179.7 
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders per common share
Basic$1.63 $1.34 $4.81 $3.34 
Diluted$1.63 $1.33 $4.80 $3.33 

12. WARRANTIES
The following table reconciles the changes in the Company’s product warranty reserve for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
In millions20242023
Balance at beginning of year$248 $242 
Warranty expense8476
Warranty claim payments(63)(70)
Foreign currency impact/other2 (1)
Balance at September 30
$271 $247 

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13. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
ASC 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and explains the related disclosure requirements. ASC 820 indicates, among other things, that a fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell an asset or transfer a liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset or liability and defines fair value based upon an exit price model.
Valuation Hierarchy. ASC 820 establishes a valuation hierarchy for disclosure of the inputs to valuation used to measure fair value. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels as follows. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. A financial asset or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash are highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less and are considered Level 1 on the fair value valuation hierarchy. The fair value of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash approximated the carrying value at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The Senior Notes are considered Level 2 based on the fair value valuation hierarchy. Contingent consideration related to the GE Transportation acquisition is considered Level 3 based on the fair value valuation hierarchy. At December 31, 2023, $42 million was classified as "Other accrued liabilities" on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, which approximates fair value. There was no amount of contingent consideration outstanding as of September 30, 2024.
Hedging Activities In the normal course of business, the Company is exposed to market risk related to interest rates, commodity prices and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, which may adversely affect our operating results and financial position. At times, we limit these risks through the use of derivatives such as cross-currency swaps, foreign currency forward contracts, interest rate swaps, commodity swaps and options. These hedging contracts are valued using broker quotations, or market transactions in either the listed or over-the-counter markets. As such, these derivative instruments are classified within Level 2. In accordance with our policy, derivatives are only used for hedging purposes. We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
The Company uses forward contracts to hedge forecasted foreign currency denominated sales of finished goods and future settlement of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. Derivatives used to hedge firm commitments relevant to sales and purchases and forecasted transactions to be realized with high probability that meet the criteria for hedge accounting are designated as cash flow hedges. The effective portion of gains and losses is deferred as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss and is recognized in earnings at the time the hedged item affects earnings, in the same line item as the underlying hedged item. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the amounts reclassified into income were not material.
The Company has also established balance sheet risk management and net investment hedging programs to protect its balance sheet against foreign currency exchange rate volatility. We conduct our business worldwide in U.S. dollars and the functional currencies of our foreign subsidiaries, including euro, Indian rupee, British pound sterling, Australian dollars and several other foreign currencies. Changes in these foreign currency exchange rates could have a material adverse impact on our financial results that are reported in U.S. dollars. We are also exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk related to our foreign subsidiaries, including intercompany loans denominated in non-functional currencies. We hedge these exposures using foreign currency swap contracts and cross-currency swaps to offset the potential income statement effects on intercompany loans denominated in non-functional currencies. These programs reduce but do not eliminate foreign currency exchange rate risk entirely.
The Company enters into certain derivative contracts in accordance with its risk management strategy that do not meet the criteria for hedge accounting, but which have the impact of largely mitigating foreign currency exposure. These foreign exchange contracts are accounted for on a full mark to market basis through earnings, with gains and losses recorded as a component of Other (expense) income, net. The net gains and losses related to these contracts were not material for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. These contracts typically mature within one year.
Interest Rate Risk
The Company may use interest rate hedge contracts on certain investing and borrowing transactions to manage its net exposure to interest rate changes and to manage its overall cost of borrowing. The Company does not use leveraged swaps and, in general, does not leverage any of its investment activities that would put principal capital at risk. During the first quarter of
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2024, the Company utilized all outstanding interest rate hedge contracts to help manage interest expense for the 2034 Notes. In the third quarter of 2024, the Company entered into new interest rate hedge contracts to manage interest rate risk for a portion of future expected debt transactions. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the amounts reclassified into income were not material.
Commodity Price Risk
The Company may use commodity forward swaps to manage its exposure to commodity price changes and to reduce its overall cost of manufacturing. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the amounts recognized as income or expense were not material.
The following table summarizes the assets, liabilities, gross notional amounts, fair values, and fair value hierarchy classification of the designated and non-designated hedges discussed in the above sections as of September 30, 2024, which are included in other current assets and liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Fair ValueGross Notional Amount
In millionsLevelDesignatedNon-DesignatedDesignatedNon-Designated
Foreign Exchange Contracts
Other current assets2$4 $2 $255 $156 
Other current liabilities2(6)— 329 89 
Interest Rate Contracts
Other current assets2— — 20 — 
Other current liabilities2— — 20 — 
Total$(2)$2 $624 $245 
The following table summarizes the assets, liabilities, gross notional amounts, fair values, and fair value hierarchy classification of the designated and non-designated hedges discussed in the above sections as of December 31, 2023, which are included in other current assets and liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Fair ValueGross Notional Amount
In millionsLevelDesignatedNon-DesignatedDesignatedNon-Designated
Foreign Exchange Contracts
Other current assets2$6 $3 $319 $110 
Other current liabilities2(12)(3)655 200 
Interest Rate Contracts
Other current assets210 — 250 — 
Total$4 $— $1,224 $310 

14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company is subject to a variety of environmental laws and regulations governing discharges to air and water, the handling, storage and disposal of hazardous or solid waste materials and the remediation of contamination associated with releases of hazardous substances. The Company believes its operations currently comply in all material respects with all of the various environmental laws and regulations applicable to our business; however, there can be no assurance that environmental requirements will not change in the future or that we will not incur significant costs to comply with such requirements.
Claims have been filed against the Company and certain of its affiliates in various jurisdictions across the United States by persons alleging bodily injury as a result of exposure to asbestos-containing products. The vast majority of the claims are submitted to insurance carriers for defense and indemnity, or to non-affiliated companies that retain the liabilities for the asbestos-containing products at issue. We cannot, however, assure that all of these claims will be fully covered by insurance, or that the indemnitors or insurers will remain financially viable. Our ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to these claims, as is the case with other pending litigation, cannot be estimated. A limited number of claims are not covered by insurance, nor are they subject to indemnity from non-affiliated parties. Management believes that the costs of the Company’s asbestos-related cases will not be material to the Company’s overall financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
During the third quarter of 2023, a competitor of the Company, Progress Rail (“Progress”), which is a Caterpillar Inc. company, sued the Company in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware asserting antitrust, breach of contract, unfair competition law, and misrepresentation claims. The complaint challenges the Wabtec-GE Transportation merger and contends
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that since the merger, Wabtec has unlawfully monopolized the markets for long-haul freight locomotives, Tier IV long-haul freight locomotives, and energy management systems by, among other things, failing to ensure that Progress’ products are interoperable with Wabtec’s locomotives and cab electronics. The case is currently at an early stage. Progress seeks an order requiring Wabtec to divest GE Transportation, unspecified treble damages for its alleged lost profits from reduced sales of locomotive and cab systems, and attorneys’ fees and costs. It also asks the court to enjoin Wabtec from engaging in the conduct and require the Company to comply with its agreements with Progress. Wabtec intends to vigorously defend itself against this lawsuit and believes that it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted by Progress.
Xorail, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“Xorail”), has received notices from Denver Transit Constructors (“DTC”) alleging breach of contract related to the operating of constant warning wireless crossings, and late delivery of the Train Management & Dispatch System (“TMDS”) for the Denver Eagle P3 Project, which is owned by the Denver Regional Transit District ("RTD"). No damages have been asserted for the alleged late delivery of the TMDS, and no formal claim has been filed; Xorail has successfully completed a remediation plan concerning the TMDS issues. With regard to the wireless crossing issue, as of September 8, 2017, DTC alleged that total damages were $37 million through July 31, 2017 and were continuing to accumulate. The majority of the damages stems from a delay in approval of the wireless crossing system by the Federal Railway Administration ("FRA") and the Public Utility Commission ("PUC"), resulting in the use of flaggers at all of the crossings pending approval of the wireless crossing system and certification of the crossings. DTC has alleged that the delay is due to Xorail's failure to achieve constant warning times for the crossings in accordance with the approval requirements imposed by the FRA and PUC. Xorail has denied DTC's assertions, stating that its system satisfied the contractual requirements. Xorail has worked with DTC to modify its system and implement the FRA's and PUC's previously undefined approval requirements; the FRA and PUC have both approved modified wireless crossing system, and as of August 2018, DTC completed the process of certifying the crossings and eliminated the use of flaggers. DTC has not updated its claim notices or alleged damages against Xorail, nor have they filed any formal claim against Xorail. On September 21, 2018, DTC filed a complaint against RTD in Colorado state court for breach of contract related to non-payments and the costs for the flaggers, asserting a change-in-law arising from the FRA/PUC’s new certification requirements. DTC's claim against RTD proceeded to trial on September 21, 2020. On February 10, 2023, the court issued a decision in favor of RTD, denying DTC's damages claim. DTC has filed a Notice of Appeal.
From time to time the Company is involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of its operations in the ordinary course of business. As of the date hereof, the Company is involved in no litigation that the Company believes will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

15. SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company has two reportable segments—the Freight Segment and the Transit Segment. The key factors used to identify these reportable segments are the organization and alignment of the Company’s internal operations, the nature of the products and services and customer type. The Company's business segments are:
Freight Segment builds, rebuilds, upgrades, and overhauls locomotives, services locomotives and freight cars, and provides a range of component and digital solutions for customers in the freight and transit rail, mining, and marine industries. It also manufactures and services components for new and existing freight cars and locomotives, supplies railway electronics, positive train control equipment, signal design and engineering services, maintenance of way, and provides heat exchange and cooling systems for locomotives and power generation equipment. Customers include large, publicly traded railroads, leasing companies, manufacturers of original equipment such as locomotives and freight cars, and utilities, and also serves companies in the mining, marine, and industrial markets. We refer to sales of both goods, such as spare parts and equipment upgrades, and related services, such as monitoring, maintenance and repairs, as sales in our Services product line.
Transit Segment primarily manufactures and services components for new and existing passenger transit vehicles, typically regional trains, high speed trains, subway cars, light-rail vehicles and buses. It also refurbishes subway cars and provides heating, ventilation, and air conditioning equipment and doors for buses and subway cars. Customers include public transit authorities and municipalities, leasing companies and manufacturers of subway cars and buses around the world.
The Company evaluates its business segments’ operating results based on income from operations. Intersegment sales are accounted for at prices that are generally established by reference to similar transactions with unaffiliated customers. Corporate activities include general corporate expenses, elimination of intersegment transactions, interest income and expense, and other unallocated charges.
During the first quarter of 2024, Company Management determined that certain parts of the business would be better aligned with Management oversight in different product lines. These changes were immaterial to the individual product lines and segments affected, and historical amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
24

Segment financial information for the three months ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$1,930 $733 $— $2,663 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)12 23 (35)— 
Total sales$1,942 $756 $(35)$2,663 
Income (loss) from operations$390 $79 $(36)$433 
Interest expense and other, net— — (55)(55)
Income (loss) before income taxes$390 $79 $(91)$378 
Segment financial information for the three months ended September 30, 2023 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$1,881 $669 $— $2,550 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)18 9 (27)— 
Total sales$1,899 $678 $(27)$2,550 
Income (loss) from operations$325 $70 $(25)$370 
Interest expense and other, net— — (50)(50)
Income (loss) before income taxes$325 $70 $(75)$320 
Segment financial information for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$5,674 $2,130 $— $7,804 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)37 44 (81)— 
Total sales$5,711 $2,174 $(81)$7,804 
Income (loss) from operations$1,149 $235 $(109)$1,275 
Interest expense and other, net— — (149)(149)
Income (loss) before income taxes$1,149 $235 $(258)$1,126 
Segment financial information for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$5,134 $2,017 $— $7,151 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)47 31 (78)— 
Total sales$5,181 $2,048 $(78)$7,151 
Income (loss) from operations$820 $208 $(70)$958 
Interest expense and other, net— — (146)(146)
Income (loss) before income taxes$820 $208 $(216)$812 
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Sales to external customers by product line are as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions2024202320242023
Freight Segment:
Services$917 $787 $2,575 $2,304 
Equipment513 620 1,609 1,442 
Components296 293 911 825 
Digital Intelligence204 181 579 563 
Total Freight Segment$1,930 $1,881 $5,674 $5,134 
Transit Segment:
Original Equipment Manufacturer$349 $308 $969 $931 
Aftermarket384 361 1,161 1,086 
Total Transit Segment$733 $669 $2,130 $2,017 

16. OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET
The components of Other (expense) income, net are as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions2024202320242023
Foreign currency loss$(6)$(3)$(11)$(9)
Equity income1 12 3 23 
Expected return on pension assets/amortization3 2 7 5 
Other miscellaneous expense, net(1)(1)— (2)
Total Other (expense) income, net$(3)$10 $(1)$17 

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17. RESTRUCTURING
During the first quarter of 2022, Wabtec announced a three-year strategic initiative (“Integration 2.0”) to review and consolidate our operating footprint, reduce headcount, streamline the end-to-end manufacturing process, restructure the North America distribution channels, expand operations in low-cost countries, and simplify the business through systems enablement. Through this initiative, Management will also evaluate additional capital investments to further simplify and streamline the business. The Company anticipates that it will incur one-time restructuring charges related to Integration 2.0 of approximately $135 million to $165 million.
A summary of restructuring charges related to the Integration 2.0 initiative is as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions2024202320242023
Freight Segment:
Cost of goods sold$2 $2 $6 $4 
Selling, general and administrative expenses— 1 — 3 
Other income, net— — (4)— 
Total Freight Segment$2 $3 $2 $7 
Transit Segment:
Cost of goods sold$5 $11 $9 $17 
Selling, general and administrative expenses3 (1)9 4 
Amortization expense— — 2 2 
Total Transit Segment$8 $10 $20 $23 
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges$10 $13 $22 $30 
Total one-time restructuring charges related to Integration 2.0 to date are approximately $140 million, which includes amounts recorded beginning in the fourth quarter 2021, and are primarily for employee-related costs and asset write downs associated with site consolidations in Europe. Cash payments made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 were approximately $5 million and $35 million, respectively. Cash payments made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were not material.
In addition to Integration 2.0, Wabtec is focused on exiting various low margin product offerings through Portfolio Optimization to improve profitability while reducing manufacturing complexity. Wabtec expects to incur approximately $85 million in net exit charges related to Portfolio Optimization, which will be predominately non-cash asset write downs. Wabtec recorded charges of approximately $8 million and $13 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily for asset write downs related to Portfolio Optimization. No charges related to Portfolio Optimization were recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Total one-time restructuring charges related to Portfolio Optimization to date are approximately $41 million.
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Item 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the information in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included herein and Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation’s Financial Statements and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 14, 2024.
OVERVIEW
Wabtec is a global provider of value-added, technology-based locomotives, equipment, systems, and services for the freight rail and passenger transit industries, as well as the mining, marine and industrial markets. Our highly engineered products, which are intended to enhance safety, improve productivity and reduce maintenance costs for customers, can be found on most locomotives, freight cars, passenger transit cars and buses around the world. Our core products and services are essential in the safe and efficient operation of freight rail and passenger transit vehicles. Wabtec is a global company with operations in over 50 countries and our products can be found in more than 100 countries throughout the world. In the first nine months of 2024, approximately 52% of the Company’s Net sales came from customers outside the United States.
Business Update
During the first nine months of 2024, Wabtec continued to execute on our value creation framework by signing several key agreements including: a multi-year Tier 4 locomotive order in North America for over $600 million, a multi-year locomotive order in Kazakhstan for over $400 million, and a multi-year order for new locomotives in Africa. Additionally, Wabtec won a long-term parts agreement with a Class I railroad for over $300 million, signed its first multi-year service contract with a customer in Brazil worth over $240 million, and secured a long-term parts agreement with a customer in Asia. Operationally, Wabtec began commercial operations for its Green Friction braking solution in Paris and launched the next generation of railcar movers with its Shuttlewagon Commander NXT. Additionally, as a result of Wabtec's strong revenue and profitable growth over the past few years, rating agencies have made the following changes to our credit ratings: both Fitch Ratings and S&P Global Ratings upgraded Wabtec's credit rating from BBB- to BBB with a Stable outlook, and Moody's updated Wabtec's outlook to positive from stable.
During the first quarter of 2022, Wabtec announced Integration 2.0, a three-year strategic initiative to target incremental run rate synergies estimated to be between $75 million and $90 million in 2025. The scope of the review includes consolidating our operating footprint, reducing headcount, streamlining the end-to-end manufacturing process, restructuring the North America distribution channels, expanding operations in low-cost countries and simplifying the business through systems enablement. Management will also consider additional capital investments to further simplify and streamline the business. The Company anticipates that it will incur one-time restructuring charges of approximately $135 million to $165 million related to this initiative, of which approximately $140 million has been incurred through September 30, 2024. Total estimated initiative charges could change based on the specific programs approved or changes to the scope of the review. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company incurred one-time restructuring charges for programs included in the initiative of approximately $10 million and $22 million, respectively, and $13 million and $30 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, primarily for employee-related costs and asset write downs associated with site consolidations in Europe. Programs approved to date are expected to result in approximately 15 facility closures and impact up to 1,100 employees.
In addition to Integration 2.0, Wabtec is focused on exiting various low margin product offerings through Portfolio Optimization to improve profitability while reducing manufacturing complexity. Wabtec expects to incur approximately $85 million in net exit charges related to Portfolio Optimization, which will be predominately non-cash asset write downs. Wabtec recorded charges of approximately $8 million and $13 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, for asset write downs related to Portfolio Optimization. No charges related to Portfolio Optimization were recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Total one-time restructuring charges related to Portfolio Optimization to date are approximately $41 million.
Future macroeconomic volatility, supply chain disruptions and labor availability could cause component and raw material shortages resulting in an adverse effect on the timing of the Company’s revenue and cash flows. Additionally, broad-based inflation, metals, energy and other commodity costs, transportation and logistics costs, labor costs, and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations all continue to impact our results. The Company utilizes various mitigating actions intended to lessen the impact of macroeconomic volatility. These actions include implementing price escalations and surcharges, driving
28

operational efficiencies through various cost mitigation efforts and discretionary spend management, strategically sourcing materials, reviewing and modifying distribution logistics, and accelerating integration synergies through Integration 2.0.
During the first quarter of 2024, Company Management determined that certain parts of the business would be better aligned with Management oversight in different product lines. These changes were immaterial to the individual product lines and segments affected, and historical amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.


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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Consolidated Results
THIRD QUARTER 2024 COMPARED TO THIRD QUARTER 2023
The following table shows our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods indicated.
Three Months Ended
September 30,
In millions20242023
Net sales:
Sales of goods$2,171 $2,048 
Sales of services492 502 
Total Net sales2,663 2,550 
Cost of sales:
Cost of goods(1,512)(1,475)
Cost of services(271)(283)
Total Cost of sales(1,783)(1,758)
Gross profit880 792 
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses(318)(295)
Engineering expenses(50)(53)
Amortization expense(79)(74)
Total Operating expenses(447)(422)
Income from operations433 370 
Other income and expenses:
Interest expense, net(52)(60)
Other (expense) income, net(3)10 
Income before income taxes 378 320 
Income tax expense(92)(78)
Net income286 242 
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest(3)(2)
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders$283 $240 
The following table shows the major components of the change in Net sales in the three months ended September 30, 2024 from the three months ended September 30, 2023:
In millionsFreight SegmentTransit SegmentTotal
Third Quarter 2023 Net sales$1,881 $669 $2,550 
Acquisitions2 — 2 
Foreign Exchange(11)8 (3)
Organic58 56 114 
Third Quarter 2024 Net sales$1,930 $733 $2,663 

30

Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased by $113 million, or 4.4%, to $2.66 billion compared to the same period in 2023. Organic sales increased $114 million which was attributable to both the Freight and Transit Segments. Freight Services sales increased from higher deliveries of locomotive modernizations and engine overhauls. Digital Intelligence sales increased due to higher international sales, including Positive Train Control ("PTC"), on-board locomotive solutions, and digital mining products. Freight Equipment sales decreased from lower locomotive deliveries, partially offset by increased mining sales. Transit sales increased from higher demand for Original Equipment Manufacturing and Aftermarket products driven by increased investments in sustainable infrastructure.
Cost of sales
Cost of sales for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased by $25 million, or 1.4%, to $1.78 billion compared to the same period in 2023. The increase is primarily due to the increase in Net sales. Cost of sales as a percentage of Net sales was 67.0% and 69.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The improvement in gross margin is attributable to favorable mix within the Freight segment, strong productivity and the impacts of Integration 2.0. Costs of sales for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 included $7 million and $13 million, respectively, of restructuring costs, primarily for headcount actions and footprint rationalization related to Integration 2.0 in both years and Portfolio Optimization in 2024.
Operating expenses
Total operating expenses increased $25 million, or 5.9%, for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to the increase in Net sales and higher restructuring costs. Operating expenses as a percentage of sales was 16.8% and 16.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A") increased $23 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The increase is primarily from costs incurred to support the higher sales volume and higher employee compensation and benefit costs, partially offset by the impacts of Integration 2.0. Restructuring costs included in SG&A were $5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, primarily for headcount actions and footprint rationalization programs related to Integration 2.0 and Portfolio Optimization. There were no restructuring amounts recorded in SG&A for the three months ended September 30, 2023.
Interest expense, net
Interest expense, net, decreased $8 million to $52 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to lower average debt balances in the current period.
Other (expense) income, net
Other (expense) income, net, decreased $13 million from $10 million to $(3) million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to higher foreign exchange losses and lower equity income.
Income taxes
The effective income tax rate was 24.2% and 24.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The year over year decrease was primarily driven by a change in the jurisdictional mix of earnings for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and audit closures.
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Freight Segment
The following table shows our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for our Freight Segment for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
In millions20242023Change% Change
Net sales:
Sales of goods$1,440 $1,382 $58 4.2 %
Sales of services490 499 (9)(1.8)%
Total Net sales1,930 1,881 49 2.6 %
Cost of sales:
Cost of goods(987)(991)(4)(0.4)%
Cost of services(270)(281)(11)(3.9)%
Total Cost of sales(1,257)(1,272)(15)(1.2)%
Cost of sales (% of Net sales)65.0 %67.6 %(2.6)
Gross profit673 609 64 10.5 %
Operating expenses(283)(284)(1)(0.4)%
Income from operations$390$325 $65 20.0 %
Income from operations (% of Net sales)20.2 %17.3 %2.9
The following table shows the major components of the change in Net sales for the Freight Segment in the third quarter of 2024 from the third quarter of 2023:
In millions
Third Quarter 2023 Net sales$1,881 
Acquisitions2 
Foreign Exchange(11)
Organic changes in Net sales by Product Line:
Equipment(100)
Services135 
Components1 
Digital Intelligence22 
Third Quarter 2024 Net sales$1,930 
Net sales
Freight Segment organic sales increased by $58 million driven primarily by Services sales from higher deliveries of locomotive modernizations and engine overhauls and Digital Intelligence due to higher international sales, including PTC, on-board locomotive solutions, and digital mining products. Equipment sales decreased from lower locomotive deliveries, partially offset by increased mining sales.
Cost of sales
Freight Segment Cost of sales decreased $15 million, and Cost of sales as a percentage of Net sales decreased 2.6 percentage points. The improvement in gross margin is attributable to favorable mix within the Freight Segment product lines and strong productivity. Cost of sales for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was also impacted by manufacturing inefficiencies related to labor negotiations at our Erie facility. Cost of sales for each of the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 included $2 million of restructuring costs, respectively, primarily related to Integration 2.0 in both years and Portfolio Optimization in 2024.
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Operating expenses
Freight Segment operating expenses decreased by $1 million primarily driven by lower professional services spend and a reduction in research and development costs, partially offset by higher SG&A expenses resulting from higher costs to support increased sales volume, higher employee compensation and benefit costs and incremental expense from acquisitions. Freight Segment operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were also impacted by labor negotiations at our Erie facility. Freight SG&A expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 included $2 million of restructuring costs, primarily related to Portfolio Optimization. The amounts recorded in the three months ended September 30, 2023 were not significant.
33

Transit Segment
The following table shows our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for our Transit Segment for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
In millions20242023Change% Change
Net sales$733 $669 $64 9.6 %
Cost of sales(526)(486)40 8.2 %
Cost of sales (% of Net sales)71.8 %72.8 %(1.0)
Gross profit207 183 24 13.1 %
Operating expenses(128)(113)15 13.3 %
Income from operations$79 $70 $9 12.9 %
Income from operations (% of Net sales)10.8 %10.3 %0.5
The following table shows the major components of the change in Net sales for the Transit Segment in the third quarter of 2024 from the third quarter of 2023:
In millions
Third Quarter 2023 Net sales$669 
Foreign Exchange8 
Organic changes in Net sales by Product Line:
Aftermarket16 
Original Equipment Manufacturing40 
Third Quarter 2024 Net sales$733 
Net sales
Transit Segment organic sales increased by $56 million driven by strong Original Equipment Manufacturing and Aftermarket sales primarily as a result of increased demand for products and services and increased investments in sustainable infrastructure. Changes in foreign exchange rates also increased sales by $8 million.
Cost of sales
Transit Segment Cost of sales increased by $40 million, primarily due to higher sales volume. Costs of sales as a percentage of sales decreased by 1.0 percentage points. The increase in gross margin was attributable to benefits from structured cost actions taken through Integration 2.0 and prior years' restructuring and integration projects, partially offset by unfavorable mix within the Transit Segment. Transit Cost of sales for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 included $5 million and $11 million of restructuring costs, respectively, primarily for footprint rationalization and headcount actions in Europe related to Integration 2.0.
Operating expenses
Transit Segment operating expenses increased by $15 million as compared to the prior year. Higher SG&A expenses to support higher sales volume and higher employee compensation and benefit costs were partially offset by benefits from structured cost actions taken through Integration 2.0 and prior years' restructuring and integration projects. Transit SG&A expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 included $3 million of restructuring costs, primarily for footprint rationalization and headcount actions in Europe related to Integration 2.0. The amounts recorded in the three months ended September 30, 2023 were not significant.
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FIRST NINE MONTHS OF 2024 COMPARED TO FIRST NINE MONTHS OF 2023
The following table shows our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods indicated.
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions20242023
Net sales:
Sales of goods$6,323 $5,631 
Sales of services1,481 1,520 
Total Net sales7,804 7,151 
Cost of sales:
Cost of goods(4,413)(4,132)
Cost of services(822)(839)
Total Cost of sales(5,235)(4,971)
Gross profit2,569 2,180 
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses(915)(843)
Engineering expenses(155)(157)
Amortization expense(224)(222)
Total Operating expenses(1,294)(1,222)
Income from operations1,275 958 
Other income and expenses:
Interest expense, net(148)(163)
Other (expense) income, net(1)17 
Income before income taxes 1,126 812 
Income tax expense(272)(204)
Net income854 608 
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest(10)(8)
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders$844 $600 
The following table shows the major components of the change in Net sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from the nine months ended September 30, 2023:
In millionsFreight SegmentTransit SegmentTotal
First Nine Months of 2023 Net sales$5,134 $2,017 $7,151 
Acquisitions72 — 72 
Foreign Exchange(18)2 (16)
Organic486 111 597 
First Nine Months of 2024 Net sales$5,674 $2,130 $7,804 

35

Net sales
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased by $653 million, or 9.1%, to $7.80 billion compared to the same period in 2023. Organic sales increased $597 million which was attributable to both the Freight and Transit Segments. Freight Equipment sales increased from higher North American and international locomotive sales and increased mining sales. Freight Services sales increased from higher deliveries of locomotive modernizations and engine overhauls and higher parts sales. Transit sales increased from higher demand for Original Equipment Manufacturing and Aftermarket products driven by increased investments in sustainable infrastructure. Sales from acquisitions contributed $72 million in the Freight Segment and unfavorable changes in foreign exchange rates decreased sales by $16 million.
Cost of sales
Cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased by $264 million, or 5.3%, to $5.24 billion compared to the same period in 2023. The increase is primarily due to the increase in Net sales. Cost of sales as a percentage of Net sales was 67.1% and 69.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The improvement in gross margin is attributable to improved pricing, favorable mix between the Freight and Transit segments, improved productivity and favorable fixed cost absorption. Cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 included $19 million and $25 million, respectively, of restructuring costs, primarily for headcount actions and footprint rationalization related to Integration 2.0 in both years and Portfolio Optimization in 2024.
Operating expenses
Total operating expenses increased $72 million, or 5.9%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to the increase in Net sales. Operating expenses as a percentage of sales was 16.6% and 17.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. SG&A expenses increased $72 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The increase is primarily from costs incurred to support the higher sales volume and higher employee compensation and benefit costs, partially offset by the impacts of Integration 2.0. Restructuring costs included in SG&A were $11 million and $7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, primarily for headcount actions and footprint rationalization programs related to Integration 2.0 in both years and Portfolio Optimization in 2024.
Interest expense, net
Interest expense, net, decreased $15 million to $148 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to lower average debt balances in the current period, partially offset by higher effective interest rates.
Other (expense) income, net
Other (expense) income, net, decreased $18 million from $17 million to $(1) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023, primarily due to lower equity income.
Income taxes
The effective income tax rate was 24.1% and 25.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The year over year decrease was primarily driven by higher discrete equity compensation tax deductions for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, audit closures, and a change in the jurisdictional mix of earnings.
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Freight Segment
The following table shows our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for our Freight Segment for the periods indicated:
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions20242023Change% Change
Net sales:
Sales of goods$4,200 $3,624 $576 15.9 %
Sales of services1,474 1,510 (36)(2.4)%
Total Net sales5,674 5,134 540 10.5 %
Cost of sales:
Cost of goods(2,889)(2,678)211 7.9 %
Cost of services(818)(831)(13)(1.6)%
Total Cost of sales(3,707)(3,509)198 5.6 %
Cost of sales (% of Net sales)65.3 %68.3 %(3.0)
Gross profit1,967 1,625 342 21.0 %
Operating expenses(818)(805)13 1.6 %
Income from operations$1,149$820 $329 40.1 %
Income from operations (% of Net sales)20.2 %16.0 %4.2
The following table shows the major components of the change in Net sales for the Freight Segment in the first nine months of 2024 from the first nine months of 2023:
In millions
First Nine Months of 2023 Net sales$5,134 
Acquisitions72 
Foreign Exchange(18)
Organic changes in Net sales by Product Line:
Equipment175 
Services279 
Components13 
Digital Intelligence19 
First Nine Months of 2024 Net sales$5,674 
Net sales
Freight Segment organic sales increased by $486 million driven primarily by Services sales from higher deliveries of locomotive modernizations and engine overhauls and higher parts sales, and Equipment sales from higher North American and international locomotive sales and increased mining sales. Additionally, Freight Segment sales also benefited from acquisitions by $72 million, primarily from our strategic acquisition of L&M Radiator, Inc.
Cost of sales
Freight Segment Cost of sales increased $198 million from higher sales volume, and Cost of sales as a percentage of Net sales decreased 3.0 percentage points. The improvement in gross margin is attributable to improved pricing, favorable mix within the Freight Segment product lines and improved productivity. Cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was also impacted by manufacturing inefficiencies related to labor negotiations at our Erie facility and costs related to next generation product development in Digital Intelligence. Cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 included $10 million and $8 million, respectively, of restructuring costs, primarily related to Integration 2.0 in both years and Portfolio Optimization in 2024.
37

Operating expenses
Freight Segment operating expenses increased by $13 million primarily driven by higher SG&A expenses resulting from higher costs to support increased sales volume, higher employee compensation and benefit costs and incremental expense from acquisitions. Freight SG&A expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 included $2 million of restructuring costs, primarily related to Portfolio Optimization. The amounts recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were not significant.
38

Transit Segment
The following table shows our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for our Transit Segment for the periods indicated:
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions20242023Change% Change
Net sales$2,130 $2,017 $113 5.6 %
Cost of sales(1,528)(1,462)66 4.5 %
Cost of sales (% of Net sales)71.8 %72.5 %(0.7)
Gross profit602 555 47 8.5 %
Operating expenses(367)(347)20 5.8 %
Income from operations$235 $208 $27 13.0 %
Income from operations (% of Net sales)11.0 %10.3 %0.7
The following table shows the major components of the change in Net sales for the Transit Segment in the first nine months of 2024 from the first nine months of 2023:
In millions
First Nine Months of 2023 Net sales$2,017 
Foreign Exchange2 
Organic changes in Net sales by Product Line:
Aftermarket73 
Original Equipment Manufacturing38 
First Nine Months of 2024 Net sales$2,130 
Net sales
Transit Segment organic sales increased by $111 million driven by strong Original Equipment Manufacturing and Aftermarket sales primarily as a result of increased demand for products and services and increased investments in sustainable infrastructure.
Cost of sales
Transit Segment Cost of sales increased by $66 million primarily from higher sales volume, and Costs of sales as a percentage of sales decreased by 0.7 percentage points. The increase in gross margin is primarily attributable to favorable mix within the Transit Segment and the benefits from structured cost actions taken through Integration 2.0 and prior years' restructuring and integration projects. Transit Cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 included $9 million and $17 million of restructuring costs, respectively, primarily for footprint rationalization and headcount actions in Europe related to Integration 2.0.
Operating expenses
Transit Segment operating expenses increased by $20 million as compared to the prior year. Higher SG&A expenses to support higher sales volume and higher employee compensation and benefit costs were partially offset by benefits from structured cost actions taken through Integration 2.0 and prior years' restructuring and integration projects. Transit SG&A expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 included $9 million and $6 million of restructuring costs, respectively, primarily for footprint rationalization and headcount actions in Europe related to Integration 2.0.
39

Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is provided by operating cash flows and borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement and the 2024 Credit Agreement, each with a consortium of commercial banks, and proceeds from the Company’s Senior Notes. Additionally, the Company utilizes the revolving receivables program and supply chain financing program described below, as well as other short-term financing agreements with certain banks, for added flexibility as part of our liquidity management strategy. The following is a summary of selected cash flow information and other relevant data:
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions20242023
Cash provided by (used for):
Operating activities$1,111 $515 
Investing activities$(106)$(336)
Financing activities$(1,209)$(323)
Operating activities In the first nine months of 2024, cash provided by operating activities was $1,111 million compared to $515 million in the first nine months of 2023. Significant changes to the sources and (uses) of cash for the nine month periods include the following:
•$246 million from increased Net income;
•$137 million from changes in Accounts payable due to timing of payments;
•$122 million from favorable changes in Accounts receivables driven by $202 million of higher collections on receivables, partially offset by $(80) million of higher remittance for the Revolving Receivables Program; and,
•$86 million from changes in Inventory primarily from the inventory build during the first nine months of 2023 due to a strike at the manufacturing facility in Erie, Pennsylvania, as well as supply chain disruptions.
Investing activities In the first nine months of 2024 and 2023, cash used for investing activities was $(106) million and $(336) million, respectively. During the first nine months of 2024, Wabtec used $(123) million for additions to property, plant and equipment for investments in our facilities and manufacturing processes, received $17 million of proceeds from dispositions of businesses, received $13 million of proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment, and used $(13) million for acquisitions. During the first nine months of 2023, Wabtec acquired L&M Radiator Inc., a leading manufacturer of heavy-duty equipment radiators and heat exchangers, for net cash of approximately $(229) million and used $(109) million for additions to property, plant, and equipment.
Financing activities In the first nine months of 2024, cash used for financing activities was $(1,209) million which included $(62) million from net changes in debt, $(974) million in stock repurchases, $(106) million of dividend payments, $(42) million of contingent consideration payments related to the GE Transportation acquisition, $(24) million of payments for income tax withholding on share-based compensation, and $(6) million for distributions to noncontrolling interest. In the first nine months of 2023, cash used for financing activities was $(323) million, which included $49 million from net changes in debt, $(252) million in stock repurchases, $(92) million of dividend payments, $(16) million of payments for income tax withholding on share-based compensation, and $(12) million for distributions to noncontrolling interest.
During the first quarter of 2024, the Company entered into the 2024 Credit Agreement for a term loan of $225 million. Also during the first quarter of 2024, the Company issued $500 million of Senior Notes due in 2034. Proceeds from the 2034 Notes, combined with the proceeds from the term loan under the 2024 Credit Agreement and cash on hand, were utilized to repay the outstanding amount of 2024 Notes at maturity.
As of September 30, 2024, the Company held approximately $410 million of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, of which approximately $9 million was held within the United States and approximately $401 million was held outside of the United States, primarily in India, Brazil, Europe and China. While repatriation of some cash held outside the United States may be restricted by local laws, most of the Company’s foreign cash could be repatriated to the United States net of any tax impacts. As of September 30, 2024, approximately $9 million of the Company's $410 million of cash balance was classified as restricted.
We or our affiliates may, from time to time, seek to retire or purchase outstanding debt through negotiated or open-market cash purchases, exchanges, or otherwise, and such transactions, if any, will be upon such terms and at such prices as we may determine, and will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors.
40

Revolving Receivables Program
The Company utilizes a revolving receivables facility to sell up to $350 million of certain receivables through our bankruptcy-remote subsidiary to a financial institution on a recurring basis in exchange for cash equal to the gross receivables sold. As customers pay their balances, we transfer additional receivables into the program, which could result in our gross receivables sold being higher or lower than customer collections remitted to the financial institution for any applicable periods. Net cash proceeds included in cash from operations from the revolving receivables program were $75 million and $155 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Additional information with respect to the Revolving Receivables Program is included in Note 2 of "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.
Supply Chain Financing Program
The Company has entered into supply chain financing arrangements with third-party financial institutions to provide our vendors with enhanced payment options while providing the Company with added working capital flexibility. The Company does not provide any guarantees under these arrangements, does not have an economic interest in our suppliers' voluntary participation, does not receive an economic benefit from the financial institutions, and no assets are pledged under the arrangements. The arrangements do not change the payable terms negotiated by the Company and our vendors and does not result in a change in the classification of amounts due as Accounts payable in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Additional information with respect to the Supply Chain Financing Program is included in Note 2 of "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.
Intra-Quarter Uncommitted Money Market Line Credit Agreement
During the third quarter of 2024, the Company entered into an uncommitted bilateral money market line credit agreement which provides an aggregate borrowing capacity of $150 million, for general business purposes and working capital needs within a quarter.
Guarantor Summarized Financial Information
The obligations under the US Notes issued by Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation (the "Parent Company") have been fully and unconditionally guaranteed by certain of the Parent Company's U.S. subsidiaries ("Guarantor Subsidiaries"). Each guarantor is 100% owned by the Parent Company, with the exception of GE Transportation, a Wabtec Company, which has 15,000 shares outstanding of Class A Non-Voting Preferred Stock held by General Electric Company. The Euro Notes are issued by Wabtec Transportation Netherlands B.V. ("Wabtec Netherlands") and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Parent Company.
The following tables present summarized financial information of the Parent Company and the guarantor subsidiaries on a combined basis. The combined summarized financial information eliminates intercompany balances and transactions among the Parent Company and guarantor subsidiaries and equity in earnings and investments in any guarantor subsidiaries or non-guarantor subsidiaries. The summarized financial information is provided in accordance with the reporting requirements of Rule 13-01 under SEC Regulation S-X for the issuer and guarantor subsidiaries.
Summarized Statement of Income
Unaudited
Parent Company and Guarantor Subsidiaries
In millionsNine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Net sales$4,567 
Gross profit$1,632 
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders$768 
41

Summarized Balance Sheet
Unaudited
Parent Company and Guarantor Subsidiaries
In millionsSeptember 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Current assets$1,225 $1,513 
Noncurrent assets$2,018 $2,196 
Current liabilities$2,169 $2,443 
Long-term debt$2,961 $2,739 
Other non-current liabilities$517 $662 
The following is a description of the transactions between the combined Parent Company and guarantor subsidiaries with non-guarantor subsidiaries.
Unaudited
Parent Company and Guarantor Subsidiaries
In millionsNine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Net sales to non-guarantor subsidiaries$665 
Purchases from non-guarantor subsidiaries$857 
Unaudited
Parent Company and Guarantor Subsidiaries
In millionsSeptember 30, 2024
Amount due to non-guarantor subsidiaries$11,786 

Summarized Financial Information—Euro Notes
The obligations under Wabtec Netherlands’ Euro Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Parent Company. Wabtec Netherlands is a wholly owned, indirect subsidiary of the Parent Company. Wabtec Netherlands is a holding company and does not have any independent operations. Its assets consist of its investments in subsidiaries, which are separate and distinct legal entities that are not guarantors of the Euro Notes and have no obligations to pay amounts due under Wabtec Netherlands’ obligations.
The following tables present summarized financial information of Wabtec Netherlands, as the Issuer of the Euro Notes, and the Parent Company, as the parent Guarantor, on a combined basis. The combined summarized financial information eliminates all intercompany balances and transactions among Wabtec Netherlands and the Parent Company as well as all equity in earnings from and investments in any subsidiary of the Parent Company, other than Wabtec Netherlands, which we refer to below as the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries. The summarized financial information is provided in accordance with the reporting requirements of Rule 13-01 under SEC Regulation S-X for the issuer and Parent Company guarantor.
Summarized Statement of Income
Unaudited
Issuer and Guarantor
In millionsNine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Net sales$418 
Gross profit$76 
Net loss attributable to Wabtec shareholders$(418)
42

Summarized Balance Sheet
Unaudited
Issuer and Guarantor
In millionsSeptember 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Current assets$170 $493 
Noncurrent assets$645 $651 
Current liabilities$1,010 $1,272 
Long-term debt$3,516 $3,287 
Other non-current liabilities$55 $84 
The following is a description of the transactions between the combined Wabtec Netherlands, as the Issuer of the Euro Notes, and the Parent Company, as the parent Guarantor, with the subsidiaries of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corp., other than Wabtec Netherlands, none of which are guarantors of the Euro Notes.

Unaudited
Issuer and Guarantor
In millionsNine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Net sales to non-guarantor subsidiaries$36 
Purchases from non-guarantor subsidiaries$106 
Unaudited
Issuer and Guarantor
In millionsSeptember 30, 2024
Amount due to non-guarantor subsidiaries$8,081 
Company Stock Repurchase Plan
On February 9, 2024, the Board of Directors reauthorized its stock repurchase program to refresh the amount available for stock repurchases to $1 billion of the Company’s outstanding shares. This new stock repurchase authorization supersedes the previous authorization of $750 million, of which approximately $333 million remained at the reauthorization date. No time limit was set for the completion of the program which conforms to the requirements under the 2022 Credit Agreement and the 2024 Credit Agreement and the indentures for the Senior Notes currently outstanding. The Company may repurchase shares in the future at any time, depending upon market conditions, our capital needs and other factors. Purchases of shares may be made by open market purchases or privately negotiated purchases and may be made pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plan or otherwise. As of September 30, 2024, approximately $123 million was remaining under the stock repurchase plan.
Forward Looking Statements
We believe that all statements other than statements of historical facts included in this report, including certain statements under “Business” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” may constitute forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. Although we believe that our assumptions made in connection with the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot assure that our assumptions and expectations are correct.
These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, including, among other things:
Economic and industry conditions
•changes in general economic and/or industry specific conditions, including the impacts of tax and tariff programs, inflation, supply chain disruptions, foreign currency exchange, and industry consolidation;
•prolonged unfavorable economic and industry conditions in the markets served by us, including North America, South America, Europe, Australia, Asia and Africa;
•decline in demand for freight cars, locomotives, passenger transit cars, buses and related products and services;
•reliance on major original equipment manufacturer customers;
•original equipment manufacturers’ program delays;
•demand for services in the freight and passenger rail industry;
43

•demand for our products and services;
•orders either being delayed, canceled, not returning to historical levels or being reduced, and/or economic conditions affecting the ability of our customers to pay timely for goods and services delivered;
•consolidations in the rail industry;
•continued outsourcing by our customers;
•industry demand for faster and more efficient braking equipment;
•fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates;
•availability of credit or difficulty in obtaining debt or equity financing;
•changes in market consensus as to what attributes are required for projects to be considered "green" or "sustainable" or negative perceptions regarding determinations in such regard with respect to our Green Finance Framework or ESG strategy; or
•changes in the ESG topics that have the highest relative priority for Wabtec's external stakeholders;
Operating factors
•supply disruptions;
•technical difficulties;
•changes in operating conditions and costs;
•increases in raw material costs;
•successful introduction of new products;
•performance under material long-term contracts;
•labor availability and relations;
•the outcome of our existing or any future legal proceedings, including litigation involving our principal customers and any litigation with respect to environmental matters, asbestos-related matters, pension liabilities, warranties, product liabilities, competition and anti-trust matters or intellectual property claims;
•completion and integration of acquisitions;
•the development and use of new technology; or
•cybersecurity and data protection risks;
Competitive factors
•the actions of competitors; or
•the outcome of negotiations with partners, suppliers, customers or others;
Political/governmental factors
•political stability in relevant areas of the world, including the impacts of war, conflicts, global military action, and acts of terrorism;
•future regulation/deregulation of our customers and/or the rail industry;
•levels of governmental funding on transit projects, including for some of our customers;
•political developments and laws and regulations, including those related to Positive Train Control;
•federal and state income tax legislation;
•sanctions imposed on countries and persons; or
•the outcome of negotiations with governments;
Natural hazards / health crises
•impacts of climate change, including evolving climate change policy;
•disruptive natural hazards, including earthquakes, fires, floods, tornadoes, hurricanes or other weather conditions;
•epidemics, pandemics, or similar public health crises;
•deterioration of general economic conditions as a result of natural hazards or health crises;
•shutdown of one or more of our operating facilities as a result of natural hazards and health crises; or
•supply chain and sourcing disruptions as a result of natural hazards, health crises or other external factors;
Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q apply only as of the date on which such statements are made, and except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Reference is also made to the risk factors set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Critical Accounting Estimates
A summary of critical accounting estimates is included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. In particular, judgment is used in areas such as accounts receivable and the allowance for doubtful accounts, inventories, business combinations, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, warranty reserves, income taxes, and revenue recognition. There have been no significant changes in the related accounting policies since December 31, 2023.
44

Contractual Obligations
During the first quarter of 2024, the Company entered into the 2024 Credit Agreement for a term loan of $225 million which is scheduled to mature on March 14, 2029. Also during the first quarter of 2024, the Company issued $500 million of Senior Notes due in 2034. Proceeds from the 2034 Notes, combined with the proceeds from the term loan under the 2024 Credit Agreement and cash on hand, were utilized to repay the outstanding amount of 2024 Notes at maturity. As a result of these transactions, contractual obligations related the repayment of Long-term debt for 2029 and beyond has increased to $725 million.
During the third quarter of 2024, the Company entered into an uncommitted bilateral money market line credit agreement which provides an aggregate borrowing capacity of $150 million, for general business purposes and working capital needs within a quarter.
45

Item 3.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
See "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in Item 7A of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Our exposure to market risk has not changed materially since December 31, 2023. Refer to Note 13 - Fair Value Measurement and Derivative Instruments of "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" included in Part I, Item 1 of this report for additional information regarding interest rate and foreign currency exchange risk.

Item 4.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Wabtec’s principal executive officer and its principal financial officer have evaluated the effectiveness of Wabtec’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of September 30, 2024. Based upon their evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that Wabtec’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by Wabtec in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by Wabtec in such reports is accumulated and communicated to Wabtec’s Management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There was no change in Wabtec’s “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2024, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, Wabtec’s internal control over financial reporting.
46

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Additional information with respect to legal proceedings is included in Note 14 of “Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Item 1A.    RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 2.    UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
The following table summarizes the Company's stock repurchase activity for the three months ended September 30, 2024:
Issuer Purchases of Common Stock
In millions, except shares and price per shareTotal Number of Shares PurchasedAverage Price Paid per ShareTotal Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs (1)Maximum Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Programs (1)
July 2024555,587 $161.88 555,587 $633 
August 20241,501,329 $156.30 1,501,329 $398 
September 20241,627,298 $168.99 1,627,298 $123 
Total quarter ended September 30, 20243,684,214 $162.75 3,684,214 $123 
(1)     On February 9, 2024, the Board of Directors reauthorized its stock repurchase program to refresh the amount available for stock repurchases to $1 billion of the Company’s outstanding shares. This new stock repurchase authorization supersedes the previous authorization of $750 million, of which approximately $333 million remained at the reauthorization date. No time limit was set for the completion of the program which conforms to the requirements under the 2022 Credit Agreement, the 2024 Credit Agreement and the indentures for the Senior Notes currently outstanding. The Company may repurchase shares in the future at any time, depending upon market conditions, our capital needs and other factors. Purchases of shares may be made by open market purchases or privately negotiated purchases and may be made pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plan or otherwise. As of September 30, 2024, approximately $123 million was remaining under the stock repurchase plan.

Item 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not Applicable

Item 5.    OTHER INFORMATION
None of Wabtec's Directors or Officers have adopted, terminated, or materially modified any trading plans, whether or not the plan was intended to qualify for the affirmative defense under Rule 10b5-1, during the third quarter ended September 30, 2024.
47

Item 6.    EXHIBITS
The following exhibits are being filed with this report:
22.1
31.1
31.2
32.1
101.INSXBRL Instance Document.
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)


48

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
By:/s/ JOHN A. OLIN
John A. Olin
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer)
DATE:October 23, 2024

49

Exhibit 22.1
Guarantor Subsidiaries of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies
The obligations under the Company's US Notes, the 2022 Credit Agreement and the 2024 Credit Agreement have been fully and unconditionally guaranteed by certain of the Company's U.S. subsidiaries. Each guarantor is 100% owned by the parent company, with the exception of GE Transportation, a Wabtec Company, which has 15,000 shares outstanding of Class A Non-Voting Preferred Stock held by General Electric Company. The Euro Notes are issued by Wabtec Netherlands and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company.

As of September 30, 2024:

The US Notes, 2022 Credit Agreement and 2024 Credit Agreement
Issuer:    Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation
Guarantors:    GE Transportation, a Wabtec Company
RFPC Holding Corp.
Transportation IP Holdings, LLC
Transportation Systems Services Operations Inc.
Wabtec Components, LLC
Wabtec Holding, LLC
Wabtec Railway Electronics Holdings, LLC
Wabtec Transportation Systems, LLC

The Euro Notes
Issuer:        Wabtec Transportation Netherlands B.V.
Guarantor:    Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation



Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Rafael Santana, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation.
2. Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and we have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this quarterly report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this quarterly report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: October 23, 2024
 
By: 
/s/    RAFAEL SANTANA         
Name: Rafael Santana
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer



Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, John A. Olin, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation.
2. Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and we have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this quarterly report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this quarterly report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: October 23, 2024
 
By: 
/S/    JOHN A. OLIN         
Name: John A. Olin
Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer



Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, the undersigned officers of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation (the “Company”), hereby certify, to the best of their knowledge, that the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2024 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
 
By: 
/s/    RAFAEL SANTANA        
  Rafael Santana
President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: October 23, 2024
   
By: 
/s/    JOHN A. OLIN       
  John A. Olin
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: October 23, 2024


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Sep. 30, 2024
Oct. 18, 2024
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Entity Registrant Name WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE  
Entity Tax Identification Number 25-1615902  
Entity Address, Address Line One 30 Isabella Street  
Entity Address, City or Town Pittsburgh  
Entity Address, State or Province PA  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 15212  
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Local Phone Number 825-1000  
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Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Assets    
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 410 $ 620
Accounts receivable 1,231 1,160
Unbilled accounts receivable 551 524
Inventories, net 2,380 2,284
Other current assets 202 267
Total current assets 4,774 4,855
Property, plant and equipment, net 1,439 1,485
Goodwill 8,786 8,780
Other intangible assets, net 2,996 3,205
Other noncurrent assets 649 663
Total noncurrent assets 13,870 14,133
Total Assets 18,644 18,988
Liabilities    
Accounts payable 1,338 1,250
Customer deposits 567 804
Accrued compensation 380 341
Accrued warranty 244 220
Current portion of long-term debt 500 781
Other accrued liabilities 652 660
Total current liabilities 3,681 4,056
Long-term debt 3,517 3,288
Accrued postretirement and pension benefits 62 62
Deferred income taxes 295 318
Other long-term liabilities 798 740
Total Liabilities 8,353 8,464
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Equity    
Common stock, $.01 par value; 500.0 shares authorized and 226.9 shares issued: 171.9 and 177.8 outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively 2 2
Additional paid-in capital 7,999 7,977
Treasury stock, at cost, 55.0 and 49.1 shares, at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively (3,151) (2,171)
Retained earnings 6,007 5,269
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (607) (590)
Total Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation shareholders’ equity 10,250 10,487
Noncontrolling interest 41 37
Total Equity 10,291 10,524
Total Liabilities and Equity $ 18,644 $ 18,988
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares
shares in Millions
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]    
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 500.0 500.0
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 226.9 226.9
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 171.9 177.8
Treasury stock, shares (in shares) 55.0 49.1
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Net sales:        
Total net sales $ 2,663 $ 2,550 $ 7,804 $ 7,151
Cost of sales:        
Total cost of sales (1,783) (1,758) (5,235) (4,971)
Gross profit 880 792 2,569 2,180
Operating expenses:        
Selling, general and administrative expenses (318) (295) (915) (843)
Engineering expenses (50) (53) (155) (157)
Amortization expense (79) (74) (224) (222)
Total operating expenses (447) (422) (1,294) (1,222)
Income from operations 433 370 1,275 958
Other income and expenses:        
Interest expense, net (52) (60) (148) (163)
Other (expense) income, net (3) 10 (1) 17
Income before income taxes 378 320 1,126 812
Income tax expense (92) (78) (272) (204)
Net income 286 242 854 608
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest (3) (2) (10) (8)
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders $ 283 $ 240 $ 844 $ 600
Basic        
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders (in dollars per share) $ 1.63 $ 1.34 $ 4.81 $ 3.34
Diluted        
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders (in dollars per share) $ 1.63 $ 1.33 $ 4.80 $ 3.33
Weighted average shares outstanding        
Basic (in shares) 173.4 178.6 175.1 179.1
Diluted (in shares) 174.1 179.2 175.7 179.7
Goods        
Net sales:        
Total net sales $ 2,171 $ 2,048 $ 6,323 $ 5,631
Cost of sales:        
Total cost of sales (1,512) (1,475) (4,413) (4,132)
Services        
Net sales:        
Total net sales 492 502 1,481 1,520
Cost of sales:        
Total cost of sales $ (271) $ (283) $ (822) $ (839)
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]        
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders $ 283 $ 240 $ 844 $ 600
Foreign currency translation gain (loss) 114 (106) (23) (82)
Unrealized (loss) gain on derivative contracts (2) 21 11 39
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on pension and post-retirement benefit plans 1 3 (3) 1
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax 113 (82) (15) (42)
Income tax expense related to components of other comprehensive income 0 (7) (2) (10)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 113 (89) (17) (52)
Comprehensive income attributable to Wabtec shareholders $ 396 $ 151 $ 827 $ 548
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Operating Activities    
Net income $ 854 $ 608
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:    
Depreciation and amortization 375 371
Stock-based compensation expense 44 36
Below market intangible amortization (34) (39)
Net loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 2 4
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions:    
Accounts receivable and unbilled accounts receivable (92) (214)
Inventories (115) (201)
Accounts payable 87 (50)
Accrued income taxes 33 (6)
Accrued liabilities and customer deposits (172) 12
Other assets and liabilities 129 (6)
Net cash provided by operating activities 1,111 515
Investing Activities    
Purchase of property, plant and equipment (123) (109)
Proceeds from dispositions of businesses 17 0
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment 13 0
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired (13) (227)
Net cash used for investing activities (106) (336)
Financing Activities    
Proceeds from debt, net of issuance costs 1,872 4,351
Payments of debt (1,934) (4,302)
Repurchase of stock (974) (252)
Cash dividends (106) (92)
Payment of contingent consideration (42) 0
Payment of income tax withholding on share-based compensation (24) (16)
Distribution to noncontrolling interest (6) (12)
Other financing activities 5 0
Net cash used for financing activities (1,209) (323)
Effect of changes in currency exchange rates (6) (5)
Decrease in cash (210) (149)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 620 541
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period $ 410 $ 392
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY - USD ($)
shares in Millions, $ in Millions
Total
Common Stock
Additional Paid-in Capital
Treasury Stock
Retained Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Non-controlling Interest
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022   226.9          
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 10,147 $ 2 $ 7,953 $ (1,769) $ 4,577 $ (661) $ 45
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022       (45.7)      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Cash dividends (31)       (31)    
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax (17)   (23) $ 6      
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax (in shares)       0.3      
Stock based compensation 10   10        
Net income 173       169   4
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax 30         30  
Stock repurchase (in shares)       (1.7)      
Stock repurchase (178)     $ (178)      
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023   226.9          
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023 10,134 $ 2 7,940 $ (1,941) 4,715 (631) 49
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023       (47.1)      
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022   226.9          
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022 10,147 $ 2 7,953 $ (1,769) 4,577 (661) 45
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022       (45.7)      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Net income 608            
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax (52)            
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023   226.9          
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023 10,367 $ 2 7,965 $ (2,013) 5,085 (713) 41
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023       (47.8)      
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023   226.9          
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2023 10,134 $ 2 7,940 $ (1,941) 4,715 (631) 49
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023       (47.1)      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Cash dividends (31)       (31)    
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax 0   (3) $ 3      
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax (in shares)       0.1      
Stock based compensation 12   12        
Net income 193       191   2
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax 7         7  
Stock repurchase (in shares)       (0.8)      
Stock repurchase (76)     $ (76)      
Distribution to noncontrolling interest (12)       0   (12)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023   226.9          
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2023 10,227 $ 2 7,949 $ (2,014) 4,875 (624) 39
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023       (47.8)      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Cash dividends (30)       (30)    
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax 3   2 $ 1      
Stock based compensation 14   14        
Net income 242       240   2
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax (89)         (89)  
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023   226.9          
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023 $ 10,367 $ 2 7,965 $ (2,013) 5,085 (713) 41
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023       (47.8)      
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 177.8 226.9          
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023 $ 10,524 $ 2 7,977 $ (2,171) 5,269 (590) 37
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 (49.1)     (49.1)      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Cash dividends $ (36)       (36)    
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax (20)   (22) $ 2      
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax (in shares)       0.3      
Stock based compensation 12   12        
Net income 277       272   5
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax (77)         (77)  
Stock repurchase (in shares)       (1.3)      
Stock repurchase (176)     $ (176)      
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024   226.9          
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024 $ 10,504 $ 2 7,967 $ (2,345) 5,505 (667) 42
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024       (50.1)      
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 177.8 226.9          
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023 $ 10,524 $ 2 7,977 $ (2,171) 5,269 (590) 37
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 (49.1)     (49.1)      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Net income $ 854            
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax $ (17)            
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024 171.9 226.9          
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024 $ 10,291 $ 2 7,999 $ (3,151) 6,007 (607) 41
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024 (55.0)     (55.0)      
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024   226.9          
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2024 $ 10,504 $ 2 7,967 $ (2,345) 5,505 (667) 42
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024       (50.1)      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Cash dividends (35)       (35)    
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax 2   0 $ 2      
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax (in shares)       0.1      
Stock based compensation 14   14        
Net income 291       289   2
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax (53)         (53)  
Stock repurchase (in shares)       (1.3)      
Stock repurchase (202)     $ (202)      
Distribution to noncontrolling interest (1)           (1)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024   226.9          
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2024 10,520 $ 2 7,981 $ (2,545) 5,759 (720) 43
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024       (51.3)      
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]              
Cash dividends (35)       (35)    
Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax (1)   0 $ (1)      
Stock based compensation 18   18        
Net income 286       283   3
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax 113         113  
Stock repurchase (in shares)       (3.7)      
Stock repurchase (605)     $ (605)      
Distribution to noncontrolling interest $ (5)           (5)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024 171.9 226.9          
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024 $ 10,291 $ 2 $ 7,999 $ (3,151) $ 6,007 $ (607) $ 41
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024 (55.0)     (55.0)      
v3.24.3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Parenthetical) - $ / shares
 3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Jun. 30, 2024
Mar. 31, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]            
Cash dividends (in dollars per share) $ 0.20 $ 0.20 $ 0.20 $ 0.17 $ 0.17 $ 0.17
v3.24.3
BUSINESS
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
BUSINESS BUSINESS Except as the context otherwise requires, all references to “we”, “our”, “us”, the “Company” and “Wabtec” refer to Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries. References to the “Parent Company” refer to Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation alone. Wabtec is a global provider of value-added, technology-based locomotives, equipment, systems, and services for the freight rail and passenger transit industries, as well as the mining, marine and industrial markets. Our highly engineered products, which are intended to enhance safety, improve productivity and reduce maintenance costs for customers, can be found on most locomotives, freight cars, passenger transit cars and buses around the world. Our core products and services are essential in the safe and efficient operation of freight rail and passenger transit vehicles. Wabtec is a global company with operations in over 50 countries and our products can be found in more than 100 countries throughout the world. In the first nine months of 2024, approximately 52% of the Company’s Net sales came from customers outside the United States.
v3.24.3
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
ACCOUNTING POLICIES ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in the United States of America and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and include the accounts of Wabtec and its subsidiaries in which Wabtec has a controlling interest. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements. In Management’s opinion, these financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified, where necessary, to conform to the current year presentation.
Results for these interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year, particularly in light of ongoing volatility in the macroeconomic environment caused by supply chain disruptions, labor availability, broad-based inflation, and the impacts from regional conflicts. These factors continue to impact our sales channels, supply chain, manufacturing operations, workforce, and other key aspects of our operations. We are unable to reasonably predict the full impact of these factors due to the high degree of uncertainty regarding their duration and severity, their potential impact on global economic activity, and the impact that current and new sanctions may have on our business, global supply chain operations and our customers, suppliers, and end-markets.
The Company operates on a four-four-five week accounting quarter, and the quarters end on or about March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31.
The notes included herein should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in Wabtec’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The December 31, 2023 information has been derived from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP in the United States requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual amounts could differ from the estimates. On an ongoing basis, Management reviews its estimates based on currently available information. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates.
Revenue Recognition A majority of the Company’s revenues are derived from performance obligations that are satisfied at a point in time when control passes to the customer. The remaining revenues are earned over time. Generally, for performance obligations satisfied at a point in time control passes at the time of shipment in accordance with agreed upon delivery terms.
The Company also has long-term customer agreements involving the design and production of highly engineered products that require revenue to be recognized over time because these products have no alternative use without significant economic loss, and the agreements contain an enforceable right to payment including a reasonable profit margin from the customer in the event of contract termination. Additionally, the Company has customer agreements involving the creation or enhancement of an asset that the customer controls which also require revenue to be recognized over time. Generally, the Company uses an input method for determining the amount of revenue, cost and gross margin to recognize over time for these customer agreements. The input methods used for these agreements include costs of material and labor, both of which give an accurate representation of the progress made toward complete satisfaction of a particular performance obligation. The Company may also use the output method which recognizes revenue based on direct measurements of the value transferred to the customer. Contract revenues and cost estimates are reviewed and revised periodically throughout the year and adjustments are reflected in the accounting period as such amounts are determined.
Due to the nature of work required to be performed on the Company’s long-term projects, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. Contract estimates related to long-term projects are based on various assumptions to project the outcome of future events that could span several years. These assumptions include cost of materials; labor availability and productivity; complexity of the work to be performed; and the performance of suppliers, customers and subcontractors that may be associated with the contract. We have a disciplined process where Management reviews the progress of long term-projects periodically throughout the year. As part of this process, Management reviews information including key contract matters, progress towards completion, identified risks and opportunities and any other information that could impact the Company’s estimates of revenue and costs. After completing this analysis, any adjustments to net sales, cost of goods sold, and the related impact to operating income are recognized as necessary in the period they become known.
Generally, the Company’s revenue contains a single performance obligation for each distinct good or service; however, a single contract may have multiple performance obligations comprising multiple promises to customers. When there are multiple performance obligations, revenue is allocated based on the relative stand-alone selling price. Pricing is defined in our contracts on a line item basis and includes an estimate of variable consideration when required by the terms of the individual customer contract. Types of variable consideration the Company typically has include volume discounts, prompt payment discounts, price escalation clauses, liquidating damages, and performance bonuses. Sales returns and allowances are also estimated and recognized in the same period the related revenue is recognized, based upon the Company’s experience and future expectations.
Remaining performance obligations represent the allocated transaction price of unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations. As of September 30, 2024, the Company's remaining performance obligations were approximately $22.2 billion. The Company expects to recognize revenue of approximately 34% of the remaining performance obligations over the next 12 months, with the remainder recognized thereafter.
Revolving Receivables Program The Company utilizes a revolving facility to sell up to $350 million of certain receivables of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries (the "Originators"). The Originators contribute receivables to our bankruptcy-remote subsidiary, which sells the receivables to a financial institution on a recurring basis in exchange for cash equal to the gross receivables sold. The bankruptcy remote subsidiary is a separate legal entity with its own creditors, and its assets are not available to pay creditors of the Company or any other affiliates of the Company. As customers pay their balances, we transfer additional receivables into the program, which could result in our gross receivables sold being higher or lower than customer collections remitted to the financial institution for any applicable period. The sold receivables are fully guaranteed by our bankruptcy-remote subsidiary, which holds additional receivables that are pledged as collateral under this facility. The Company has agreed to guarantee the performance of the Originators respective obligations under the revolving agreement. Neither the Company (except for the bankruptcy-remote consolidated subsidiary referenced above) nor the Originators guarantees the collectability of the receivables under the revolving agreements.
At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the bankruptcy-remote subsidiary held receivables of $646 million and $674 million, respectively, which are included in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The receivables held by the bankruptcy-remote subsidiary collateralize the outstanding receivables sold, which were $95 million and $20 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The transfers are recorded at the fair value of the proceeds received and obligations assumed less derecognized receivables. No obligation was recorded at September 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023 as the estimated expected credit losses on receivables sold is insignificant. Our maximum exposure to losses related to these receivables transferred is limited to the amount outstanding.
The following table sets forth a summary of receivables sold and the resulting impact of net cash proceeds included in cash from operations:
In millionsNine Months Ended
September 30, 2024		Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2023
Gross receivables sold/cash proceeds received$926 $2,030 
Customer collections remitted to financial institution(851)(1,875)
Net cash proceeds received included in cash from operations$75 $155 
Restricted Cash At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company classified cash of $9 million and $5 million, respectively, as restricted for cash held in escrow related to acquisitions.
Depreciation Expense Depreciation of property, plant and equipment related to the manufacturing of products or services provided is included in Cost of goods or Cost of services. Depreciation of other property, plant and equipment that is not attributable to the manufacturing of products or services provided is included in Selling, general and administrative
expenses or Engineering expenses to the extent the property, plant, and equipment is used for research and development purposes.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized. Other intangibles (with definite lives) are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives. Amortizable intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when indicators of impairment are present. The Company tests goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at the reporting unit level and at least annually. The Company performs its annual impairment test during the fourth quarter after the annual forecasting process is completed, and also tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company will perform either a qualitative or quantitative test for goodwill, performing a quantitative test for each identified reporting unit at least every three years. Periodically, Management of the Company assesses whether or not an indicator of impairment is present that would necessitate an impairment analysis be performed. No impairment indicators were identified during the current quarter.
Accounting Standards Recently Issued In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments in this update are intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. In addition to the current requirements, the amendments specify additional information be provided about the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") as well as disaggregated expense categories, to the extent that the CODM utilizes such data in deciding how to allocate resources. The amendments in this update do not affect the recognition, measurement, or financial statement presentation of expenses, and will be effective for Wabtec's annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2024 and interim reporting periods beginning January 1, 2025. The amendments will require increased interim and annual disclosures on current and comparable reporting periods presented in annual and interim company filings.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in this update require entities to disclose on an annual basis specific categories within the income tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The amendments in this update also require enhanced disaggregation of disclosures about income taxes paid and income tax expense, among other changes. The amendments in this update do not affect the recognition, measurement, or financial statement presentation of income taxes and will be effective for Wabtec's annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2025. The amendments will require increased annual disclosures on current and comparable reporting periods presented in annual and interim company filings. The Company is assessing the extent of the impact of the amendments on its future filings.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive (loss) income comprises both Net income and Other comprehensive (loss) income resulting from the change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources.
The changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, including any tax impacts, for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Foreign currency translationDerivative contractsPension and postretirement benefit plansTotal
In millions20242023202420232024202320242023
Balance at June 30$(678)$(572)$17 $4 $(59)$(56)$(720)$(624)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net114 (106)(1)16 — 1 113 (89)
Balance at September 30$(564)$(678)$16 $20 $(59)$(55)$(607)$(713)
The changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, including any tax impacts, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Foreign currency translationDerivative contractsPension and postretirement benefit plansTotal
In millions20242023202420232024202320242023
Balance at beginning of year$(541)$(596)$7 $(9)$(56)$(56)$(590)$(661)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications(23)(82)9 29 — — (14)(53)
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income— — — — (3)1 (3)1 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net(23)(82)9 29 (3)1 (17)(52)
Balance at September 30$(564)$(678)$16 $20 $(59)$(55)$(607)$(713)
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss are recognized in "Other (expense) income, net" with the tax impact recognized in "Income tax expense" on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
Supply Chain Financing Program The Company has entered into supply chain financing arrangements with third-party financial institutions to provide our vendors with enhanced payment options while providing the Company with added working capital flexibility. The Company does not provide any guarantees under these arrangements, does not have an economic interest in our suppliers' voluntary participation, does not receive an economic benefit from the financial institutions, and no assets are pledged under the arrangements. The arrangements do not change the payable terms negotiated by the Company and our vendors, which range between net 45 and net 180 days, and does not result in a change in the classification of amounts due as Accounts payable in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Suppliers utilized the program to accelerate receipt of payment from these financial institutions for $338 million and $305 million of the Company's outstanding Accounts payable as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The supplier invoices included under the program require payment in full to the financial institutions consistent with the Company’s normal terms and conditions as agreed upon with the vendor.
v3.24.3
ACQUISITIONS
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]  
ACQUISITIONS ACQUISITIONS
On December 22, 2023, the Company purchased the remaining ownership shares of Lokomotiv Kurastyru Zauyty ("LKZ"), a locomotive manufacturing and assembly company located in Kazakhstan, at which time it became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Prior to this purchase, Wabtec owned 50% of LKZ as a joint venture partner and accounted for its ownership interest as an equity method investment. Total purchase price for the remaining 50% interest was $111 million. Upon acquisition, Wabtec's previously held equity interest balance was remeasured to fair value and the Company ceased accounting for the investment using the equity method and recognized 100% of LKZ's identifiable assets and liabilities. LKZ's results of operations and cash flows have been fully consolidated subsequent to the acquisition date.
The following table summarizes the fair value of 100% of the LKZ assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
In millions
Assets acquired
Cash and cash equivalents $30 
Accounts receivable 6 
Inventory 95 
Property, plant and equipment 36 
Goodwill 111 
Other noncurrent assets 3 
Total assets acquired 281 
Liabilities assumed
Current liabilities 21 
Noncurrent liabilities 3 
Total liabilities assumed 24 
Net assets acquired $257 
The fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were determined using the income, cost and market approaches. These estimates are preliminary in nature and subject to adjustments, which could be material as the Company has not completed its valuation of acquired assets and liabilities. Any necessary adjustments will be finalized within one year from the date of acquisition.
Goodwill was calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the fair value of the net assets acquired and represents the assembled workforce and the future economic benefits of expanding our global operations expected to be achieved as a result of the acquisition. The purchased goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The results of this business since the date of acquisition are reported within the Equipment product line of the Freight Segment. The pro forma impact on Wabtec’s sales and results of operations, including the pro forma effect of events that are directly attributable to the acquisition, was not significant.
During the second quarter of 2023, the Company acquired L&M Radiator, Inc., a leading manufacturer of heavy-duty equipment radiators and heat exchangers for the mining sector, for a purchase price of approximately $245 million.
The following table summarizes the fair value of the L&M Radiator, Inc. assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
In millions
Assets acquired
Cash and cash equivalents $16 
Accounts receivable 20 
Inventory 26 
Other current assets 1 
Property, plant and equipment 43 
Goodwill 106 
Other intangible assets89 
Other noncurrent assets 1 
Total assets acquired 302 
Liabilities assumed
Current liabilities 16 
Noncurrent liabilities 41 
Total liabilities assumed 57 
Net assets acquired $245 
The fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were determined using the income, cost and market approaches. Discounted cash flow models were used to estimate the fair values of acquired intangibles. The fair value measurements were primarily based on significant inputs that are not observable in the market and are considered Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Intangible assets acquired include customer relationships and acquired technology that are subject to amortization, and trade names that were assigned an indefinite life and are not subject to amortization.
Goodwill was calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred and the fair value of the net assets acquired, and represents the assembled workforce and the future economic benefits, including synergies, that are expected to be achieved as a result of the acquisition. The purchased goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The results of this business since the date of acquisition are reported within the Components product line of the Freight Segment. The pro forma impact on Wabtec’s sales and results of operations, including the pro forma effect of events that are directly attributable to the acquisition, was not significant.
The Company also made smaller acquisitions during the periods presented, none of which were material.
v3.24.3
INVENTORIES
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]  
INVENTORIES INVENTORIES
The components of inventory, net of reserves, were:
In millionsSeptember 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
Raw materials$1,028 $1,062 
Work-in-progress590 463 
Finished goods762 759 
Total inventories$2,380 $2,284 
v3.24.3
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The change in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment is as follows:
In millionsFreight SegmentTransit SegmentTotal
Balance at December 31, 2023$7,294 $1,486 $8,780 
Additions/adjustments9 — 9 
Foreign currency impact(23)20 (3)
Balance at September 30, 2024$7,280 $1,506 $8,786 
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s trade names had a net carrying amount of $619 million and $612 million, respectively. The Company believes these intangibles have indefinite lives, with the exception of the right to use the GE Transportation trade name, to which the Company had assigned a useful life of 5 years and has been fully amortized.
Intangible assets of the Company, other than goodwill and trade names, consist of the following:
 September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
In millionsGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying AmountGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Amount
Backlog$1,433 $(605)$828 $1,431 $(526)$905 
Customer relationships1,322 (481)841 1,333 (431)902 
Acquired technology1,296 (588)708 1,283 (497)786 
Total$4,051 $(1,674)$2,377 $4,047 $(1,454)$2,593 
At September 30, 2024 the weighted average remaining useful lives of backlog, customer relationships and acquired technology were 7 years, 14 years and 6 years, respectively. The backlog intangible asset primarily consists of in-place long-term service agreements acquired by the Company in conjunction with the acquisition of GE Transportation. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $79 million and $224 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $74 million and $222 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.
Amortization expense for the five succeeding years is estimated to be as follows:
In millions
Remainder of 2024$70 
2025$272 
2026$267 
2027$262 
2028$261 
v3.24.3
CONTRACT ASSETS AND CONTRACT LIABILITIES
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
CONTRACT ASSETS AND CONTRACT LIABILITIES CONTRACT ASSETS AND CONTRACT LIABILITIES
Contract assets include unbilled amounts resulting from sales under long-term contracts where revenue is recognized over time and revenue exceeds the amount that can be billed to the customer based on the terms of the contract. The current portion of the contract assets are classified as current assets under the caption “Unbilled accounts receivable” while the noncurrent contract assets are classified as other assets under the caption "Other noncurrent assets" on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Noncurrent contract assets were $175 million at September 30, 2024 and $154 million at December 31, 2023. The Company has elected to use the practical expedient and does not consider unbilled amounts anticipated to be paid within one year as significant financing components.
Contract liabilities include customer deposits that are made prior to the incurrence of costs related to a newly agreed upon contract and advanced customer payments that are in excess of revenue recognized. The current portion of contract liabilities are classified as current liabilities under the caption “Customer deposits” while the noncurrent contract liabilities are classified as noncurrent liabilities under the caption "Other long-term liabilities" on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Noncurrent contract liabilities were $319 million at September 30, 2024 and $174 million at December 31, 2023. These contract liabilities are not considered a significant financing component because they are used to meet working capital demands that can be higher in the early stages of a contract or revenue associated with the contract liabilities is expected to be recognized within one year. Contract liabilities also include provisions for estimated losses from uncompleted contracts. Provisions for loss contracts were $89 million and $104 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. These provisions for estimated losses are classified as current liabilities and included within the caption “Other accrued liabilities” on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The change in the carrying amount of contract assets and contract liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:
Contract Assets
In millions20242023
Balance at beginning of year$678 $706 
Recognized in current year549 562 
Reclassified to accounts receivable(496)(456)
Acquisitions/adjustments— (2)
Foreign currency impact(5)(4)
Balance at September 30
$726 $806 
Contract Liabilities
In millions20242023
Balance at beginning of year$1,082 $956 
Recognized in current year1,021 1,043 
Amounts in beginning balance reclassified to revenue(513)(632)
Current year amounts reclassified to revenue(615)(393)
Acquisitions— 1 
Foreign currency impact— (6)
Balance at September 30$975 $969 
v3.24.3
LEASES
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Leases [Abstract]  
LEASES LEASES
The Company leases certain property, buildings and equipment. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records the related asset and obligation at the present value of lease payments. Many of the Company's leases include rental escalation clauses, renewal options, and/or termination options that are factored into our determination of lease payments when appropriate. The right-of-use assets are classified as noncurrent and included within the caption "Other noncurrent assets" on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The current portion of lease liabilities are classified under the caption "Other accrued liabilities," while the noncurrent portion of lease liabilities are classified under the caption "Other long-term liabilities" on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company does not separate lease and non-lease components. As most of the Company's leases do not provide a readily stated discount rate, the Company must estimate the rate to discount lease payments using its incremental borrowing rate.
Operating lease expense was $18 million and $50 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $16 million and $48 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. New operating leases of $8 million and $40 million were added during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $7 million and $27 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. Wabtec does not have material financing leases, short-term or variable leases or sublease income.
Scheduled payments of lease liabilities are as follows:
In millionsOperating Leases
Remaining 2024$17 
202561 
202654 
202743 
202832 
Thereafter110 
Total lease payments317 
Less: Present value discount(27)
Present value of lease liabilities$290 
The following table summarizes the remaining lease term and discount rate assumptions used to develop the present value of operating lease liabilities:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)7.27.8
Weighted-average discount rate2.8 %2.4 %
v3.24.3
LONG-TERM DEBT
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
LONG-TERM DEBT LONG-TERM DEBT
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
Effective Interest RateFace ValueSeptember 30, 2024December 31, 2023
In millionsBook Value
Fair Value1
Book Value
Fair Value1
2024 Credit Agreement:
Term Loan6.7 %$225 $224 $225 $— $— 
2022 Credit Agreement:
Revolving Credit Facility8.6 %N/A— — — — 
Delayed Draw Term Loan6.7 %$250 250 250 250 250 
Senior Notes:
4.15% Senior Notes, due 2024
— %$— — — 725 722 
3.20% Senior Notes, due 2025
3.4 %$500 499 494 499 484 
3.45% Senior Notes, due 2026
3.5 %$750 750 738 749 718 
1.25% Senior Notes (EUR), due 2027
1.5 %€500 552 527 547 509 
4.70% Senior Notes, due 2028
4.8 %$1,250 1,246 1,269 1,245 1,237 
5.611% Senior Notes, due 2034
5.7 %$500 495 529 — — 
Other Borrowings1 1 54 57 
Total4,017 4,033 4,069 3,977 
Less: current portion(500)(495)(781)(779)
Long-term portion$3,517 $3,538 $3,288 $3,198 
1. See Note 13 for information on the fair value measurement of the Company's long-term debt.
Variances between Face Value and Book Value are the result of unamortized discounts and debt issuance fees as well as foreign exchange on the Euro Notes. Amortization of discounts and debt issuance fees are included in the calculation of Effective Interest Rate.
For those debt securities that have a premium or discount at the time of issuance, the Company amortizes the amount through interest expense based on the maturity date or the first date the holders may require the Company to repurchase the debt securities, if applicable. A premium would result in a decrease in interest expense, and a discount would result in an increase in interest expense in future periods. Additionally, the Company has debt issuance costs related to certain financing transactions which are also amortized through interest expense. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had total combined unamortized discount and debt issuance costs of $17 million and $15 million, respectively.
Credit Agreements
2024 Credit Agreement
On March 14, 2024, the Company entered into a new stand-alone credit agreement (the "2024 Credit Agreement") for a term loan of $225 million. Borrowings under the 2024 Credit Agreement bear interest at a base rate plus an interest rate spread up to 1.75% based on the lower of the pricing corresponding to (i) the Company’s Leverage Ratio or (ii) the Company’s public rating. At September 30, 2024, the interest rate was 6.5%. The frequency of interest payments varies based upon the Interest Election Request. The term loan issued under the 2024 Credit Agreement will mature on March 14, 2029. The obligations of the Company under the 2024 Credit Agreement are unsecured and have been guaranteed by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. The agreement contains affirmative, negative and financial covenants, and events of default customary for facilities of this type.
Under the 2024 Credit Agreement, the Company has agreed to maintain an Interest Coverage Ratio of at least 3.0 to 1.0, and a Leverage Ratio not to exceed 3.5 to 1.0. The Interest Coverage Ratio is calculated using an earnings metric as defined in the agreement compared to Interest Expense for the four quarters then ended. The Leverage Ratio is defined as net debt (total debt, net of up to $300 million of unrestricted cash) as of the last day of such fiscal quarter to the defined earnings metric for the four quarters then ended. Additionally, the Company may effect an increase in the maximum Leverage Ratio in contemplation of a Material Acquisition. All terms are as defined in the 2024 Credit Agreement.
2022 Credit Agreement
On August 15, 2022, the Company entered into a new unsecured credit agreement (the "2022 Credit Agreement"). The 2022 Credit Agreement provides for borrowings consisting of (i) a multi-currency revolving credit facility, providing for an equivalent in U.S. dollars of up to $1.5 billion (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) and (ii) a $250 million delayed draw term loan facility (the “Delayed Draw Term Loan”), all pursuant to the terms and conditions of the 2022 Credit Agreement. The 2022
Credit Agreement allows the Company to request, at prevailing market rates, an aggregate amount not to exceed $750 million, (a) increases to the borrowing commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility and/or (b) new incremental term loan commitments. The agreement contains affirmative, negative and financial covenants, and events of default customary for facilities of this type.
The Revolving Credit Facility matures on August 15, 2027. The Delayed Draw Term Loan was fully drawn during the third quarter of 2023, and the proceeds were utilized to redeem the 4.375% Senior Notes, due 2023. Borrowings under the Delayed Draw Term Loan will mature on August 15, 2027. Amounts borrowed and repaid under the Delayed Draw Term Loan may not be reborrowed. The applicable interest rate for borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement includes a base rate (per the Interest Election terms of the agreement) plus an interest rate spread up to 1.75% based on the lower of the pricing corresponding to (i) the Company’s financial leverage or (ii) the Company’s public rating. At September 30, 2024, the interest rate was 6.5%. Obligations under the Restated Credit Agreement have been guaranteed by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries.
Under the 2022 Credit Agreement, the Company has agreed to maintain an Interest Coverage Ratio of at least 3.0 to 1.0, and a Leverage Ratio not to exceed 3.5 to 1.0. The Interest Coverage Ratio is calculated using an earnings metric as defined in the agreement compared to Interest Expense for the four quarters then ended. The Leverage Ratio is defined as net debt (total debt, net of up to $300 million of unrestricted cash) as of the last day of such fiscal quarter to the defined earnings metric for the four quarters then ended. Additionally, the Company may effect an increase in the maximum Leverage Ratio in contemplation of a Material Acquisition. All terms are as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement.
The following table presents availability under the 2022 Credit Agreement at September 30, 2024:
In millionsRevolving Credit FacilityDelayed Draw Term LoanTotal
Maximum Availability$1,500 $250 $1,750 
Outstanding Borrowings— (250)(250)
Letters of Credit Under Credit Agreement— — — 
Current Availability$1,500 $— $1,500 
The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants in the 2022 Credit Agreement and the 2024 Credit Agreement as of September 30, 2024.
Intra-Quarter Uncommitted Money Market Line Credit Agreement
During the third quarter of 2024, the Company entered into an uncommitted bilateral money market line credit agreement which provides an aggregate borrowing capacity of $150 million, for general business purposes and working capital needs within a quarter.
Senior Notes
The Company or its subsidiaries may issue senior notes from time to time. These notes are comprised of our 4.15% Senior Notes due 2024 (the "2024 Notes"), 3.20% Senior Notes due 2025 (the "2025 Notes"), 3.45% Senior Notes due 2026 (the "2026 Notes"), 1.25% Senior Notes (EUR) due 2027 (the "Euro Notes"), 4.70% Senior Notes due 2028 (the "2028 Notes"), and 5.611% Senior Notes due 2034 (the "2034 Notes"). The 2024 Notes, 2025 Notes, 2026 Notes, 2028 Notes, and 2034 Notes are the “US Notes”, and collectively with the Euro Notes, the “Senior Notes.” Interest on the US Notes is payable semi-annually and interest on the Euro Notes is paid annually. Each series of the Senior Notes may be redeemed at any time in whole or from time to time in part in accordance with the provisions of the indenture, under which such series of notes was issued. Each of the Senior Notes may be redeemed at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount plus a specified make-whole premium and accrued interest. The US Notes and the Company's guarantee of the Euro Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company and rank pari passu with all existing and future senior debt, and are senior to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the Company.
On March 11, 2024, the Company issued $500 million of 5.611% Senior Notes due in 2034 (2034 Notes). The 2034 Notes were issued at 100% of face value and the Company recognized approximately $5 million of total deferred financing costs. Interest on the 2034 Notes will accrue at a rate of 5.611% per year, payable semi-annually on March 11 and September 11 of each year, commencing September 11, 2024. The 2034 Notes will mature on March 11, 2034.
Proceeds from the 2034 Notes, combined with the proceeds from the term loan under the 2024 Credit Agreement and cash on hand, were utilized to repay the outstanding amount of 2024 Notes at maturity.
Beginning September 15, 2023, the effective interest rates for the 2024 Notes and the 2028 Notes were each reduced by 0.25% due to a favorable change in Wabtec's corporate credit rating and the rating of the aforementioned notes.
The indentures under which the Senior Notes were issued contain covenants and restrictions which limit, subject to certain exceptions, certain sale and leaseback transactions with respect to principal properties, the incurrence of secured debt without equally and ratably securing the Senior Notes, and certain merger and consolidation transactions. The covenants do not require the Company to maintain any financial ratios or specified levels of net worth or liquidity. The US Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on an unsecured basis by each of the Company's subsidiaries that is a guarantor under the 2022 Credit Agreement and the 2024 Credit Agreement. The Euro Notes were issued by Wabtec Transportation Netherlands B.V. and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Parent Company.
The Company is in compliance with the restrictions and covenants in the indentures under which the Senior Notes were issued and expects that these restrictions and covenants will not be any type of limiting factor in executing our operating activities.
v3.24.3
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company maintains employee stock-based compensation plans for stock options, restricted stock, and incentive stock units as governed by the 2011 Stock Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended and restated (the “2011 Plan”) and the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the “2000 Plan”). The 2011 Plan has a term through May 10, 2027, and as of September 30, 2024, the number of shares available for future grants under the 2011 Plan was approximately 4.4 million shares. The Company also maintains a 1995 Non-Employee Directors’ Fee and Stock Option Plan as amended and restated (“the Directors Plan”).
Stock-based compensation expense was $23 million and $57 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $16 million and $42 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. At September 30, 2024, unamortized compensation expense related to stock options, non-vested restricted shares and incentive stock units expected to vest was approximately $91 million.
Stock Options Stock options can be granted to eligible employees and directors at an exercise price equal to fair market value, which is the average of the high and low Wabtec stock price on the date of grant. Options become exercisable over a three-year vesting period and expire 10 years from the date of grant. There were no stock options granted in the periods presented. At September 30, 2024, there were 231,026 shares issuable pursuant to exercisable stock options.

Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units and Incentive Stock As provided for under the 2011 Plan and 2000 Plan, eligible employees are granted restricted stock that generally vests over three years from the date of grant. Under the Directors Plan, restricted stock awards vest one year from the date of grant. The restricted stock units are liability-classified equity awards as they can be settled in cash.
In addition, the Company has issued incentive stock units to eligible employees that vest upon attainment of certain cumulative three-year performance goals, including a Relative Total Stockholder Return ("RTSR") modifier. The RTSR modifier can increase or decrease the payment by 10% or 20% depending on plan year. Significant judgments and estimates are used in determining the estimated three-year performance, which is then used to estimate the total shares expected to vest over the three-year vesting cycle and corresponding expense based on the grant date fair value of the award. When determining the estimated three-year performance, the Company utilizes a combination of historical actual results, budgeted results and forecasts. Upon the initial grant of a performance cycle, the Company estimates the three-year performance at 100%. Quarterly, the Company reviews and updates performance estimates based on actual performance results and current projections. Based on the Company’s performance for each three-year period then ended, the incentive stock units can vest and be awarded ranging from 0% to 200% of the initial incentive stock units granted. The incentive stock units included in the table below represent the number of incentive stock units that are expected to vest based on the Company’s estimate for meeting those established performance targets. As of September 30, 2024, the Company estimates that it will achieve 158%, 163% and 175% for the incentive stock awards expected to vest, inclusive of the RTSR modifier, based on the estimated performance for the three-year periods ending December 31, 2024, 2025, and 2026, respectively, and has recorded incentive compensation expense accordingly. If the estimates of the number of these incentive stock units expected to vest changes in a future accounting period, cumulative compensation expense could increase or decrease and will be recognized in the current period for the elapsed portion of the vesting period and would change future expense for the remaining vesting period.
Compensation expense for the non-vested restricted stock and incentive stock units is based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant and recognized over the applicable vesting period. Expense for incentive stock units is updated as necessary based on the Company's performance.
The following table summarizes the restricted stock, restricted stock unit and incentive stock unit activity and related information for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:
Restricted
Stock
and Units		Incentive
Stock
Units		Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair
Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023760,569 692,732 $93.65 
Granted309,241 193,661 $142.43 
Vested(276,957)(298,756)$87.81 
Adjustment for incentive stock awards expected to vest— 190,451 $117.62 
Canceled(43,086)(19,852)$104.93 
Outstanding at September 30, 2024749,767 758,236 $114.70 
v3.24.3
INCOME TAXES
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES INCOME TAXES
The overall effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was 24.2% and 24.1%, respectively. The overall effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was 24.5% and 25.1%, respectively. The year over year decrease in the effective rate for the three month period ended September 30, 2024 was driven by a change in the jurisdictional mix of earnings and audit closures. Additionally, the year over year decrease in the effective tax rate for the nine month period ended September 30, 2024 was impacted by higher discrete equity compensation tax deductions, audit closures, and a change in jurisdictional mix of earnings.
v3.24.3
EARNINGS PER SHARE
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
EARNINGS PER SHARE EARNINGS PER SHARE
The computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders is as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions, except per share data2024202320242023
Numerator
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders$283 $240 $844 $600 
Denominator
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic173.4 178.6 175.1 179.1 
Effect of dilutive securities:
Assumed conversion of dilutive stock-based compensation plans0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted174.1 179.2 175.7 179.7 
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders per common share
Basic$1.63 $1.34 $4.81 $3.34 
Diluted$1.63 $1.33 $4.80 $3.33 
v3.24.3
WARRANTIES
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Product Warranties Disclosures [Abstract]  
WARRANTIES WARRANTIES
The following table reconciles the changes in the Company’s product warranty reserve for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
In millions20242023
Balance at beginning of year$248 $242 
Warranty expense8476
Warranty claim payments(63)(70)
Foreign currency impact/other2 (1)
Balance at September 30
$271 $247 
v3.24.3
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
ASC 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and explains the related disclosure requirements. ASC 820 indicates, among other things, that a fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell an asset or transfer a liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset or liability and defines fair value based upon an exit price model.
Valuation Hierarchy. ASC 820 establishes a valuation hierarchy for disclosure of the inputs to valuation used to measure fair value. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels as follows. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. A financial asset or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash are highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less and are considered Level 1 on the fair value valuation hierarchy. The fair value of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash approximated the carrying value at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The Senior Notes are considered Level 2 based on the fair value valuation hierarchy. Contingent consideration related to the GE Transportation acquisition is considered Level 3 based on the fair value valuation hierarchy. At December 31, 2023, $42 million was classified as "Other accrued liabilities" on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, which approximates fair value. There was no amount of contingent consideration outstanding as of September 30, 2024.
Hedging Activities In the normal course of business, the Company is exposed to market risk related to interest rates, commodity prices and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, which may adversely affect our operating results and financial position. At times, we limit these risks through the use of derivatives such as cross-currency swaps, foreign currency forward contracts, interest rate swaps, commodity swaps and options. These hedging contracts are valued using broker quotations, or market transactions in either the listed or over-the-counter markets. As such, these derivative instruments are classified within Level 2. In accordance with our policy, derivatives are only used for hedging purposes. We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
The Company uses forward contracts to hedge forecasted foreign currency denominated sales of finished goods and future settlement of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. Derivatives used to hedge firm commitments relevant to sales and purchases and forecasted transactions to be realized with high probability that meet the criteria for hedge accounting are designated as cash flow hedges. The effective portion of gains and losses is deferred as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss and is recognized in earnings at the time the hedged item affects earnings, in the same line item as the underlying hedged item. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the amounts reclassified into income were not material.
The Company has also established balance sheet risk management and net investment hedging programs to protect its balance sheet against foreign currency exchange rate volatility. We conduct our business worldwide in U.S. dollars and the functional currencies of our foreign subsidiaries, including euro, Indian rupee, British pound sterling, Australian dollars and several other foreign currencies. Changes in these foreign currency exchange rates could have a material adverse impact on our financial results that are reported in U.S. dollars. We are also exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk related to our foreign subsidiaries, including intercompany loans denominated in non-functional currencies. We hedge these exposures using foreign currency swap contracts and cross-currency swaps to offset the potential income statement effects on intercompany loans denominated in non-functional currencies. These programs reduce but do not eliminate foreign currency exchange rate risk entirely.
The Company enters into certain derivative contracts in accordance with its risk management strategy that do not meet the criteria for hedge accounting, but which have the impact of largely mitigating foreign currency exposure. These foreign exchange contracts are accounted for on a full mark to market basis through earnings, with gains and losses recorded as a component of Other (expense) income, net. The net gains and losses related to these contracts were not material for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. These contracts typically mature within one year.
Interest Rate Risk
The Company may use interest rate hedge contracts on certain investing and borrowing transactions to manage its net exposure to interest rate changes and to manage its overall cost of borrowing. The Company does not use leveraged swaps and, in general, does not leverage any of its investment activities that would put principal capital at risk. During the first quarter of
2024, the Company utilized all outstanding interest rate hedge contracts to help manage interest expense for the 2034 Notes. In the third quarter of 2024, the Company entered into new interest rate hedge contracts to manage interest rate risk for a portion of future expected debt transactions. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the amounts reclassified into income were not material.
Commodity Price Risk
The Company may use commodity forward swaps to manage its exposure to commodity price changes and to reduce its overall cost of manufacturing. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the amounts recognized as income or expense were not material.
The following table summarizes the assets, liabilities, gross notional amounts, fair values, and fair value hierarchy classification of the designated and non-designated hedges discussed in the above sections as of September 30, 2024, which are included in other current assets and liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Fair ValueGross Notional Amount
In millionsLevelDesignatedNon-DesignatedDesignatedNon-Designated
Foreign Exchange Contracts
Other current assets2$4 $2 $255 $156 
Other current liabilities2(6)— 329 89 
Interest Rate Contracts
Other current assets2— — 20 — 
Other current liabilities2— — 20 — 
Total$(2)$2 $624 $245 
The following table summarizes the assets, liabilities, gross notional amounts, fair values, and fair value hierarchy classification of the designated and non-designated hedges discussed in the above sections as of December 31, 2023, which are included in other current assets and liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Fair ValueGross Notional Amount
In millionsLevelDesignatedNon-DesignatedDesignatedNon-Designated
Foreign Exchange Contracts
Other current assets2$6 $3 $319 $110 
Other current liabilities2(12)(3)655 200 
Interest Rate Contracts
Other current assets210 — 250 — 
Total$4 $— $1,224 $310 
v3.24.3
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company is subject to a variety of environmental laws and regulations governing discharges to air and water, the handling, storage and disposal of hazardous or solid waste materials and the remediation of contamination associated with releases of hazardous substances. The Company believes its operations currently comply in all material respects with all of the various environmental laws and regulations applicable to our business; however, there can be no assurance that environmental requirements will not change in the future or that we will not incur significant costs to comply with such requirements.
Claims have been filed against the Company and certain of its affiliates in various jurisdictions across the United States by persons alleging bodily injury as a result of exposure to asbestos-containing products. The vast majority of the claims are submitted to insurance carriers for defense and indemnity, or to non-affiliated companies that retain the liabilities for the asbestos-containing products at issue. We cannot, however, assure that all of these claims will be fully covered by insurance, or that the indemnitors or insurers will remain financially viable. Our ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to these claims, as is the case with other pending litigation, cannot be estimated. A limited number of claims are not covered by insurance, nor are they subject to indemnity from non-affiliated parties. Management believes that the costs of the Company’s asbestos-related cases will not be material to the Company’s overall financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
During the third quarter of 2023, a competitor of the Company, Progress Rail (“Progress”), which is a Caterpillar Inc. company, sued the Company in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware asserting antitrust, breach of contract, unfair competition law, and misrepresentation claims. The complaint challenges the Wabtec-GE Transportation merger and contends
that since the merger, Wabtec has unlawfully monopolized the markets for long-haul freight locomotives, Tier IV long-haul freight locomotives, and energy management systems by, among other things, failing to ensure that Progress’ products are interoperable with Wabtec’s locomotives and cab electronics. The case is currently at an early stage. Progress seeks an order requiring Wabtec to divest GE Transportation, unspecified treble damages for its alleged lost profits from reduced sales of locomotive and cab systems, and attorneys’ fees and costs. It also asks the court to enjoin Wabtec from engaging in the conduct and require the Company to comply with its agreements with Progress. Wabtec intends to vigorously defend itself against this lawsuit and believes that it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted by Progress.
Xorail, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“Xorail”), has received notices from Denver Transit Constructors (“DTC”) alleging breach of contract related to the operating of constant warning wireless crossings, and late delivery of the Train Management & Dispatch System (“TMDS”) for the Denver Eagle P3 Project, which is owned by the Denver Regional Transit District ("RTD"). No damages have been asserted for the alleged late delivery of the TMDS, and no formal claim has been filed; Xorail has successfully completed a remediation plan concerning the TMDS issues. With regard to the wireless crossing issue, as of September 8, 2017, DTC alleged that total damages were $37 million through July 31, 2017 and were continuing to accumulate. The majority of the damages stems from a delay in approval of the wireless crossing system by the Federal Railway Administration ("FRA") and the Public Utility Commission ("PUC"), resulting in the use of flaggers at all of the crossings pending approval of the wireless crossing system and certification of the crossings. DTC has alleged that the delay is due to Xorail's failure to achieve constant warning times for the crossings in accordance with the approval requirements imposed by the FRA and PUC. Xorail has denied DTC's assertions, stating that its system satisfied the contractual requirements. Xorail has worked with DTC to modify its system and implement the FRA's and PUC's previously undefined approval requirements; the FRA and PUC have both approved modified wireless crossing system, and as of August 2018, DTC completed the process of certifying the crossings and eliminated the use of flaggers. DTC has not updated its claim notices or alleged damages against Xorail, nor have they filed any formal claim against Xorail. On September 21, 2018, DTC filed a complaint against RTD in Colorado state court for breach of contract related to non-payments and the costs for the flaggers, asserting a change-in-law arising from the FRA/PUC’s new certification requirements. DTC's claim against RTD proceeded to trial on September 21, 2020. On February 10, 2023, the court issued a decision in favor of RTD, denying DTC's damages claim. DTC has filed a Notice of Appeal.
From time to time the Company is involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of its operations in the ordinary course of business. As of the date hereof, the Company is involved in no litigation that the Company believes will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
v3.24.3
SEGMENT INFORMATION
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
SEGMENT INFORMATION SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company has two reportable segments—the Freight Segment and the Transit Segment. The key factors used to identify these reportable segments are the organization and alignment of the Company’s internal operations, the nature of the products and services and customer type. The Company's business segments are:
Freight Segment builds, rebuilds, upgrades, and overhauls locomotives, services locomotives and freight cars, and provides a range of component and digital solutions for customers in the freight and transit rail, mining, and marine industries. It also manufactures and services components for new and existing freight cars and locomotives, supplies railway electronics, positive train control equipment, signal design and engineering services, maintenance of way, and provides heat exchange and cooling systems for locomotives and power generation equipment. Customers include large, publicly traded railroads, leasing companies, manufacturers of original equipment such as locomotives and freight cars, and utilities, and also serves companies in the mining, marine, and industrial markets. We refer to sales of both goods, such as spare parts and equipment upgrades, and related services, such as monitoring, maintenance and repairs, as sales in our Services product line.
Transit Segment primarily manufactures and services components for new and existing passenger transit vehicles, typically regional trains, high speed trains, subway cars, light-rail vehicles and buses. It also refurbishes subway cars and provides heating, ventilation, and air conditioning equipment and doors for buses and subway cars. Customers include public transit authorities and municipalities, leasing companies and manufacturers of subway cars and buses around the world.
The Company evaluates its business segments’ operating results based on income from operations. Intersegment sales are accounted for at prices that are generally established by reference to similar transactions with unaffiliated customers. Corporate activities include general corporate expenses, elimination of intersegment transactions, interest income and expense, and other unallocated charges.
During the first quarter of 2024, Company Management determined that certain parts of the business would be better aligned with Management oversight in different product lines. These changes were immaterial to the individual product lines and segments affected, and historical amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
Segment financial information for the three months ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$1,930 $733 $— $2,663 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)12 23 (35)— 
Total sales$1,942 $756 $(35)$2,663 
Income (loss) from operations$390 $79 $(36)$433 
Interest expense and other, net— — (55)(55)
Income (loss) before income taxes$390 $79 $(91)$378 
Segment financial information for the three months ended September 30, 2023 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$1,881 $669 $— $2,550 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)18 9 (27)— 
Total sales$1,899 $678 $(27)$2,550 
Income (loss) from operations$325 $70 $(25)$370 
Interest expense and other, net— — (50)(50)
Income (loss) before income taxes$325 $70 $(75)$320 
Segment financial information for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$5,674 $2,130 $— $7,804 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)37 44 (81)— 
Total sales$5,711 $2,174 $(81)$7,804 
Income (loss) from operations$1,149 $235 $(109)$1,275 
Interest expense and other, net— — (149)(149)
Income (loss) before income taxes$1,149 $235 $(258)$1,126 
Segment financial information for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$5,134 $2,017 $— $7,151 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)47 31 (78)— 
Total sales$5,181 $2,048 $(78)$7,151 
Income (loss) from operations$820 $208 $(70)$958 
Interest expense and other, net— — (146)(146)
Income (loss) before income taxes$820 $208 $(216)$812 
Sales to external customers by product line are as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions2024202320242023
Freight Segment:
Services$917 $787 $2,575 $2,304 
Equipment513 620 1,609 1,442 
Components296 293 911 825 
Digital Intelligence204 181 579 563 
Total Freight Segment$1,930 $1,881 $5,674 $5,134 
Transit Segment:
Original Equipment Manufacturer$349 $308 $969 $931 
Aftermarket384 361 1,161 1,086 
Total Transit Segment$733 $669 $2,130 $2,017 
v3.24.3
OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]  
OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET
The components of Other (expense) income, net are as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions2024202320242023
Foreign currency loss$(6)$(3)$(11)$(9)
Equity income1 12 3 23 
Expected return on pension assets/amortization3 2 7 5 
Other miscellaneous expense, net(1)(1)— (2)
Total Other (expense) income, net$(3)$10 $(1)$17 
v3.24.3
RESTRUCTURING
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
RESTRUCTURING RESTRUCTURING
During the first quarter of 2022, Wabtec announced a three-year strategic initiative (“Integration 2.0”) to review and consolidate our operating footprint, reduce headcount, streamline the end-to-end manufacturing process, restructure the North America distribution channels, expand operations in low-cost countries, and simplify the business through systems enablement. Through this initiative, Management will also evaluate additional capital investments to further simplify and streamline the business. The Company anticipates that it will incur one-time restructuring charges related to Integration 2.0 of approximately $135 million to $165 million.
A summary of restructuring charges related to the Integration 2.0 initiative is as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions2024202320242023
Freight Segment:
Cost of goods sold$2 $2 $6 $4 
Selling, general and administrative expenses— 1 — 3 
Other income, net— — (4)— 
Total Freight Segment$2 $3 $2 $7 
Transit Segment:
Cost of goods sold$5 $11 $9 $17 
Selling, general and administrative expenses3 (1)9 4 
Amortization expense— — 2 2 
Total Transit Segment$8 $10 $20 $23 
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges$10 $13 $22 $30 
Total one-time restructuring charges related to Integration 2.0 to date are approximately $140 million, which includes amounts recorded beginning in the fourth quarter 2021, and are primarily for employee-related costs and asset write downs associated with site consolidations in Europe. Cash payments made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 were approximately $5 million and $35 million, respectively. Cash payments made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were not material.
In addition to Integration 2.0, Wabtec is focused on exiting various low margin product offerings through Portfolio Optimization to improve profitability while reducing manufacturing complexity. Wabtec expects to incur approximately $85 million in net exit charges related to Portfolio Optimization, which will be predominately non-cash asset write downs. Wabtec recorded charges of approximately $8 million and $13 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily for asset write downs related to Portfolio Optimization. No charges related to Portfolio Optimization were recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Total one-time restructuring charges related to Portfolio Optimization to date are approximately $41 million.
v3.24.3
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders $ 283 $ 240 $ 844 $ 600
v3.24.3
Insider Trading Arrangements
 3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual  
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated false
v3.24.3
ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in the United States of America and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and include the accounts of Wabtec and its subsidiaries in which Wabtec has a controlling interest. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements. In Management’s opinion, these financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified, where necessary, to conform to the current year presentation.
Results for these interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year, particularly in light of ongoing volatility in the macroeconomic environment caused by supply chain disruptions, labor availability, broad-based inflation, and the impacts from regional conflicts. These factors continue to impact our sales channels, supply chain, manufacturing operations, workforce, and other key aspects of our operations. We are unable to reasonably predict the full impact of these factors due to the high degree of uncertainty regarding their duration and severity, their potential impact on global economic activity, and the impact that current and new sanctions may have on our business, global supply chain operations and our customers, suppliers, and end-markets.
Fiscal Period
The Company operates on a four-four-five week accounting quarter, and the quarters end on or about March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31.
Use of Estimates Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP in the United States requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual amounts could differ from the estimates. On an ongoing basis, Management reviews its estimates based on currently available information. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition A majority of the Company’s revenues are derived from performance obligations that are satisfied at a point in time when control passes to the customer. The remaining revenues are earned over time. Generally, for performance obligations satisfied at a point in time control passes at the time of shipment in accordance with agreed upon delivery terms.
The Company also has long-term customer agreements involving the design and production of highly engineered products that require revenue to be recognized over time because these products have no alternative use without significant economic loss, and the agreements contain an enforceable right to payment including a reasonable profit margin from the customer in the event of contract termination. Additionally, the Company has customer agreements involving the creation or enhancement of an asset that the customer controls which also require revenue to be recognized over time. Generally, the Company uses an input method for determining the amount of revenue, cost and gross margin to recognize over time for these customer agreements. The input methods used for these agreements include costs of material and labor, both of which give an accurate representation of the progress made toward complete satisfaction of a particular performance obligation. The Company may also use the output method which recognizes revenue based on direct measurements of the value transferred to the customer. Contract revenues and cost estimates are reviewed and revised periodically throughout the year and adjustments are reflected in the accounting period as such amounts are determined.
Due to the nature of work required to be performed on the Company’s long-term projects, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. Contract estimates related to long-term projects are based on various assumptions to project the outcome of future events that could span several years. These assumptions include cost of materials; labor availability and productivity; complexity of the work to be performed; and the performance of suppliers, customers and subcontractors that may be associated with the contract. We have a disciplined process where Management reviews the progress of long term-projects periodically throughout the year. As part of this process, Management reviews information including key contract matters, progress towards completion, identified risks and opportunities and any other information that could impact the Company’s estimates of revenue and costs. After completing this analysis, any adjustments to net sales, cost of goods sold, and the related impact to operating income are recognized as necessary in the period they become known.
Generally, the Company’s revenue contains a single performance obligation for each distinct good or service; however, a single contract may have multiple performance obligations comprising multiple promises to customers. When there are multiple performance obligations, revenue is allocated based on the relative stand-alone selling price. Pricing is defined in our contracts on a line item basis and includes an estimate of variable consideration when required by the terms of the individual customer contract. Types of variable consideration the Company typically has include volume discounts, prompt payment discounts, price escalation clauses, liquidating damages, and performance bonuses. Sales returns and allowances are also estimated and recognized in the same period the related revenue is recognized, based upon the Company’s experience and future expectations.
Remaining performance obligations represent the allocated transaction price of unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations.
Revolving Receivables Program
Revolving Receivables Program The Company utilizes a revolving facility to sell up to $350 million of certain receivables of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries (the "Originators"). The Originators contribute receivables to our bankruptcy-remote subsidiary, which sells the receivables to a financial institution on a recurring basis in exchange for cash equal to the gross receivables sold. The bankruptcy remote subsidiary is a separate legal entity with its own creditors, and its assets are not available to pay creditors of the Company or any other affiliates of the Company. As customers pay their balances, we transfer additional receivables into the program, which could result in our gross receivables sold being higher or lower than customer collections remitted to the financial institution for any applicable period. The sold receivables are fully guaranteed by our bankruptcy-remote subsidiary, which holds additional receivables that are pledged as collateral under this facility. The Company has agreed to guarantee the performance of the Originators respective obligations under the revolving agreement. Neither the Company (except for the bankruptcy-remote consolidated subsidiary referenced above) nor the Originators guarantees the collectability of the receivables under the revolving agreements.
Our maximum exposure to losses related to these receivables transferred is limited to the amount outstanding.
Restricted Cash
Restricted Cash At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company classified cash of $9 million and $5 million, respectively, as restricted for cash held in escrow related to acquisitions.
Depreciation Expense
Depreciation Expense Depreciation of property, plant and equipment related to the manufacturing of products or services provided is included in Cost of goods or Cost of services. Depreciation of other property, plant and equipment that is not attributable to the manufacturing of products or services provided is included in Selling, general and administrative
expenses or Engineering expenses to the extent the property, plant, and equipment is used for research and development purposes.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized. Other intangibles (with definite lives) are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives. Amortizable intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when indicators of impairment are present. The Company tests goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at the reporting unit level and at least annually. The Company performs its annual impairment test during the fourth quarter after the annual forecasting process is completed, and also tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company will perform either a qualitative or quantitative test for goodwill, performing a quantitative test for each identified reporting unit at least every three years. Periodically, Management of the Company assesses whether or not an indicator of impairment is present that would necessitate an impairment analysis be performed. No impairment indicators were identified during the current quarter.
Accounting Standards Recently Issued
Accounting Standards Recently Issued In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments in this update are intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. In addition to the current requirements, the amendments specify additional information be provided about the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") as well as disaggregated expense categories, to the extent that the CODM utilizes such data in deciding how to allocate resources. The amendments in this update do not affect the recognition, measurement, or financial statement presentation of expenses, and will be effective for Wabtec's annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2024 and interim reporting periods beginning January 1, 2025. The amendments will require increased interim and annual disclosures on current and comparable reporting periods presented in annual and interim company filings.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in this update require entities to disclose on an annual basis specific categories within the income tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The amendments in this update also require enhanced disaggregation of disclosures about income taxes paid and income tax expense, among other changes. The amendments in this update do not affect the recognition, measurement, or financial statement presentation of income taxes and will be effective for Wabtec's annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2025. The amendments will require increased annual disclosures on current and comparable reporting periods presented in annual and interim company filings. The Company is assessing the extent of the impact of the amendments on its future filings.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive (loss) income comprises both Net income and Other comprehensive (loss) income resulting from the change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources.
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss are recognized in "Other (expense) income, net" with the tax impact recognized in "Income tax expense" on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
Supply Chain Financing Program Supply Chain Financing Program The Company has entered into supply chain financing arrangements with third-party financial institutions to provide our vendors with enhanced payment options while providing the Company with added working capital flexibility. The Company does not provide any guarantees under these arrangements, does not have an economic interest in our suppliers' voluntary participation, does not receive an economic benefit from the financial institutions, and no assets are pledged under the arrangements. The arrangements do not change the payable terms negotiated by the Company and our vendors, which range between net 45 and net 180 days, and does not result in a change in the classification of amounts due as Accounts payable in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Suppliers utilized the program to accelerate receipt of payment from these financial institutions for $338 million and $305 million of the Company's outstanding Accounts payable as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The supplier invoices included under the program require payment in full to the financial institutions consistent with the Company’s normal terms and conditions as agreed upon with the vendor.
v3.24.3
ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Schedule of Receivables Sold
The following table sets forth a summary of receivables sold and the resulting impact of net cash proceeds included in cash from operations:
In millionsNine Months Ended
September 30, 2024		Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2023
Gross receivables sold/cash proceeds received$926 $2,030 
Customer collections remitted to financial institution(851)(1,875)
Net cash proceeds received included in cash from operations$75 $155 
Schedule of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component, Net of Tax
The changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, including any tax impacts, for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Foreign currency translationDerivative contractsPension and postretirement benefit plansTotal
In millions20242023202420232024202320242023
Balance at June 30$(678)$(572)$17 $4 $(59)$(56)$(720)$(624)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net114 (106)(1)16 — 1 113 (89)
Balance at September 30$(564)$(678)$16 $20 $(59)$(55)$(607)$(713)
The changes in Accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, including any tax impacts, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Foreign currency translationDerivative contractsPension and postretirement benefit plansTotal
In millions20242023202420232024202320242023
Balance at beginning of year$(541)$(596)$7 $(9)$(56)$(56)$(590)$(661)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications(23)(82)9 29 — — (14)(53)
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income— — — — (3)1 (3)1 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net(23)(82)9 29 (3)1 (17)(52)
Balance at September 30$(564)$(678)$16 $20 $(59)$(55)$(607)$(713)
v3.24.3
ACQUISITIONS (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]  
Schedule of Preliminary Estimated Fair Values of the Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed at the Date of the Acquisition
The following table summarizes the fair value of 100% of the LKZ assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
In millions
Assets acquired
Cash and cash equivalents $30 
Accounts receivable 6 
Inventory 95 
Property, plant and equipment 36 
Goodwill 111 
Other noncurrent assets 3 
Total assets acquired 281 
Liabilities assumed
Current liabilities 21 
Noncurrent liabilities 3 
Total liabilities assumed 24 
Net assets acquired $257 
The following table summarizes the fair value of the L&M Radiator, Inc. assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
In millions
Assets acquired
Cash and cash equivalents $16 
Accounts receivable 20 
Inventory 26 
Other current assets 1 
Property, plant and equipment 43 
Goodwill 106 
Other intangible assets89 
Other noncurrent assets 1 
Total assets acquired 302 
Liabilities assumed
Current liabilities 16 
Noncurrent liabilities 41 
Total liabilities assumed 57 
Net assets acquired $245 
v3.24.3
INVENTORIES (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Inventory, Net of Reserves
The components of inventory, net of reserves, were:
In millionsSeptember 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
Raw materials$1,028 $1,062 
Work-in-progress590 463 
Finished goods762 759 
Total inventories$2,380 $2,284 
v3.24.3
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Change in the Carrying Amount of Goodwill by Segment
The change in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment is as follows:
In millionsFreight SegmentTransit SegmentTotal
Balance at December 31, 2023$7,294 $1,486 $8,780 
Additions/adjustments9 — 9 
Foreign currency impact(23)20 (3)
Balance at September 30, 2024$7,280 $1,506 $8,786 
Schedule of Intangible Assets of the Company, Other Than Goodwill and Trade Names
Intangible assets of the Company, other than goodwill and trade names, consist of the following:
 September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
In millionsGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying AmountGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Amount
Backlog$1,433 $(605)$828 $1,431 $(526)$905 
Customer relationships1,322 (481)841 1,333 (431)902 
Acquired technology1,296 (588)708 1,283 (497)786 
Total$4,051 $(1,674)$2,377 $4,047 $(1,454)$2,593 
Schedule of Amortization Expense
Amortization expense for the five succeeding years is estimated to be as follows:
In millions
Remainder of 2024$70 
2025$272 
2026$267 
2027$262 
2028$261 
v3.24.3
CONTRACT ASSETS AND CONTRACT LIABILITIES (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Schedule of Change in Carrying Amount of Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities
The change in the carrying amount of contract assets and contract liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:
Contract Assets
In millions20242023
Balance at beginning of year$678 $706 
Recognized in current year549 562 
Reclassified to accounts receivable(496)(456)
Acquisitions/adjustments— (2)
Foreign currency impact(5)(4)
Balance at September 30
$726 $806 
Contract Liabilities
In millions20242023
Balance at beginning of year$1,082 $956 
Recognized in current year1,021 1,043 
Amounts in beginning balance reclassified to revenue(513)(632)
Current year amounts reclassified to revenue(615)(393)
Acquisitions— 1 
Foreign currency impact— (6)
Balance at September 30$975 $969 
v3.24.3
LEASES (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Leases [Abstract]  
Schedule of Maturity of Operating Lease Liabilities
Scheduled payments of lease liabilities are as follows:
In millionsOperating Leases
Remaining 2024$17 
202561 
202654 
202743 
202832 
Thereafter110 
Total lease payments317 
Less: Present value discount(27)
Present value of lease liabilities$290 
Schedule of Lease Expense, Term and Discount Rate
The following table summarizes the remaining lease term and discount rate assumptions used to develop the present value of operating lease liabilities:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)7.27.8
Weighted-average discount rate2.8 %2.4 %
v3.24.3
LONG-TERM DEBT (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Long-term Debt
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
Effective Interest RateFace ValueSeptember 30, 2024December 31, 2023
In millionsBook Value
Fair Value1
Book Value
Fair Value1
2024 Credit Agreement:
Term Loan6.7 %$225 $224 $225 $— $— 
2022 Credit Agreement:
Revolving Credit Facility8.6 %N/A— — — — 
Delayed Draw Term Loan6.7 %$250 250 250 250 250 
Senior Notes:
4.15% Senior Notes, due 2024
— %$— — — 725 722 
3.20% Senior Notes, due 2025
3.4 %$500 499 494 499 484 
3.45% Senior Notes, due 2026
3.5 %$750 750 738 749 718 
1.25% Senior Notes (EUR), due 2027
1.5 %€500 552 527 547 509 
4.70% Senior Notes, due 2028
4.8 %$1,250 1,246 1,269 1,245 1,237 
5.611% Senior Notes, due 2034
5.7 %$500 495 529 — — 
Other Borrowings1 1 54 57 
Total4,017 4,033 4,069 3,977 
Less: current portion(500)(495)(781)(779)
Long-term portion$3,517 $3,538 $3,288 $3,198 
1. See Note 13 for information on the fair value measurement of the Company's long-term debt.
Schedule of Line of Credit Facilities
The following table presents availability under the 2022 Credit Agreement at September 30, 2024:
In millionsRevolving Credit FacilityDelayed Draw Term LoanTotal
Maximum Availability$1,500 $250 $1,750 
Outstanding Borrowings— (250)(250)
Letters of Credit Under Credit Agreement— — — 
Current Availability$1,500 $— $1,500 
v3.24.3
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Schedule of Restricted Stock Activity and Incentive Stock Awards Activity
The following table summarizes the restricted stock, restricted stock unit and incentive stock unit activity and related information for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:
Restricted
Stock
and Units		Incentive
Stock
Units		Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair
Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023760,569 692,732 $93.65 
Granted309,241 193,661 $142.43 
Vested(276,957)(298,756)$87.81 
Adjustment for incentive stock awards expected to vest— 190,451 $117.62 
Canceled(43,086)(19,852)$104.93 
Outstanding at September 30, 2024749,767 758,236 $114.70 
v3.24.3
EARNINGS PER SHARE (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Schedule of Computation of Earnings Per Share
The computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders is as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions, except per share data2024202320242023
Numerator
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders$283 $240 $844 $600 
Denominator
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic173.4 178.6 175.1 179.1 
Effect of dilutive securities:
Assumed conversion of dilutive stock-based compensation plans0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted174.1 179.2 175.7 179.7 
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders per common share
Basic$1.63 $1.34 $4.81 $3.34 
Diluted$1.63 $1.33 $4.80 $3.33 
v3.24.3
WARRANTIES (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Product Warranties Disclosures [Abstract]  
Schedule of Changes in Product Warranty Reserve
The following table reconciles the changes in the Company’s product warranty reserve for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
In millions20242023
Balance at beginning of year$248 $242 
Warranty expense8476
Warranty claim payments(63)(70)
Foreign currency impact/other2 (1)
Balance at September 30
$271 $247 
v3.24.3
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Notional Amounts and Fair Value
The following table summarizes the assets, liabilities, gross notional amounts, fair values, and fair value hierarchy classification of the designated and non-designated hedges discussed in the above sections as of September 30, 2024, which are included in other current assets and liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Fair ValueGross Notional Amount
In millionsLevelDesignatedNon-DesignatedDesignatedNon-Designated
Foreign Exchange Contracts
Other current assets2$4 $2 $255 $156 
Other current liabilities2(6)— 329 89 
Interest Rate Contracts
Other current assets2— — 20 — 
Other current liabilities2— — 20 — 
Total$(2)$2 $624 $245 
The following table summarizes the assets, liabilities, gross notional amounts, fair values, and fair value hierarchy classification of the designated and non-designated hedges discussed in the above sections as of December 31, 2023, which are included in other current assets and liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Fair ValueGross Notional Amount
In millionsLevelDesignatedNon-DesignatedDesignatedNon-Designated
Foreign Exchange Contracts
Other current assets2$6 $3 $319 $110 
Other current liabilities2(12)(3)655 200 
Interest Rate Contracts
Other current assets210 — 250 — 
Total$4 $— $1,224 $310 
v3.24.3
SEGMENT INFORMATION (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Schedule of Segment Financial Information
Segment financial information for the three months ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$1,930 $733 $— $2,663 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)12 23 (35)— 
Total sales$1,942 $756 $(35)$2,663 
Income (loss) from operations$390 $79 $(36)$433 
Interest expense and other, net— — (55)(55)
Income (loss) before income taxes$390 $79 $(91)$378 
Segment financial information for the three months ended September 30, 2023 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$1,881 $669 $— $2,550 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)18 9 (27)— 
Total sales$1,899 $678 $(27)$2,550 
Income (loss) from operations$325 $70 $(25)$370 
Interest expense and other, net— — (50)(50)
Income (loss) before income taxes$325 $70 $(75)$320 
Segment financial information for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$5,674 $2,130 $— $7,804 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)37 44 (81)— 
Total sales$5,711 $2,174 $(81)$7,804 
Income (loss) from operations$1,149 $235 $(109)$1,275 
Interest expense and other, net— — (149)(149)
Income (loss) before income taxes$1,149 $235 $(258)$1,126 
Segment financial information for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 is as follows:
In millionsFreight
Segment		Transit
Segment		Corporate
Activities and
Elimination		Total
Sales to external customers$5,134 $2,017 $— $7,151 
Intersegment sales/(elimination)47 31 (78)— 
Total sales$5,181 $2,048 $(78)$7,151 
Income (loss) from operations$820 $208 $(70)$958 
Interest expense and other, net— — (146)(146)
Income (loss) before income taxes$820 $208 $(216)$812 
Schedule of Sales by Product
Sales to external customers by product line are as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions2024202320242023
Freight Segment:
Services$917 $787 $2,575 $2,304 
Equipment513 620 1,609 1,442 
Components296 293 911 825 
Digital Intelligence204 181 579 563 
Total Freight Segment$1,930 $1,881 $5,674 $5,134 
Transit Segment:
Original Equipment Manufacturer$349 $308 $969 $931 
Aftermarket384 361 1,161 1,086 
Total Transit Segment$733 $669 $2,130 $2,017 
v3.24.3
OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Other Income, Net
The components of Other (expense) income, net are as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions2024202320242023
Foreign currency loss$(6)$(3)$(11)$(9)
Equity income1 12 3 23 
Expected return on pension assets/amortization3 2 7 5 
Other miscellaneous expense, net(1)(1)— (2)
Total Other (expense) income, net$(3)$10 $(1)$17 
v3.24.3
RESTRUCTURING (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
Schedule of Restructuring Charges
A summary of restructuring charges related to the Integration 2.0 initiative is as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In millions2024202320242023
Freight Segment:
Cost of goods sold$2 $2 $6 $4 
Selling, general and administrative expenses— 1 — 3 
Other income, net— — (4)— 
Total Freight Segment$2 $3 $2 $7 
Transit Segment:
Cost of goods sold$5 $11 $9 $17 
Selling, general and administrative expenses3 (1)9 4 
Amortization expense— — 2 2 
Total Transit Segment$8 $10 $20 $23 
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges$10 $13 $22 $30 
v3.24.3
BUSINESS (Details)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
country
Product Information [Line Items]  
Number of countries company operates 50
Number of countries where product is found (more than) 100
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark | Geographic Concentration Risk | Non-US  
Product Information [Line Items]  
Percent of revenue from customers outside the U.S. (as a percent) 52.00%
v3.24.3
ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Remaining Performance Obligations (Details) - Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-10-01
$ in Billions
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]  
Remaining performance obligations, amount $ 22.2
Remaining performance obligation percentage expected to be recognized 34.00%
Performance obligation period 12 months
v3.24.3
ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Account receivable securitization facility, maximum amount $ 350,000,000  
Accounts receivable 1,231,000,000 $ 1,160,000,000
Accounts receivable from securitization 95,000,000 20,000,000
Restricted cash 9,000,000 5,000,000
Supplier finance program, obligation $ 338,000,000 305,000,000
Minimum    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Supply chain financing term 45 days  
Maximum    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Supply chain financing term 180 days  
Collateral Pledged    
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]    
Accounts receivable $ 646,000,000 $ 674,000,000
v3.24.3
ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Summary of Receivables Sold (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]    
Gross receivables sold/cash proceeds received $ 926 $ 2,030
Customer collections remitted to financial institution (851) (1,875)
Net cash proceeds received included in cash from operations $ 75 $ 155
v3.24.3
ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component, Net of Tax (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Jun. 30, 2024
Mar. 31, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]                
Beginning balance $ 10,520 $ 10,504 $ 10,524 $ 10,227 $ 10,134 $ 10,147 $ 10,524 $ 10,147
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications             (14) (53)
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income             (3) 1
Other comprehensive income (loss), net 113 (53) (77) (89) 7 30 (17) (52)
Ending balance 10,291 10,520 10,504 10,367 10,227 10,134 10,291 10,367
AOCI Attributable to Parent                
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]                
Beginning balance (720) (667) (590) (624) (631) (661) (590) (661)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net 113 (53) (77) (89) 7 30    
Ending balance (607) (720) (667) (713) (624) (631) (607) (713)
Foreign currency translation                
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]                
Beginning balance (678)   (541) (572)   (596) (541) (596)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications             (23) (82)
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income             0 0
Other comprehensive income (loss), net 114     (106)     (23) (82)
Ending balance (564) (678)   (678) (572)   (564) (678)
Derivative contracts                
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]                
Beginning balance 17   7 4   (9) 7 (9)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications             9 29
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income             0 0
Other comprehensive income (loss), net (1)     16     9 29
Ending balance 16 17   20 4   16 20
Pension and postretirement benefit plans                
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]                
Beginning balance (59)   $ (56) (56)   $ (56) (56) (56)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications             0 0
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income             (3) 1
Other comprehensive income (loss), net 0     1     (3) 1
Ending balance $ (59) $ (59)   $ (55) $ (56)   $ (59) $ (55)
v3.24.3
ACQUISITIONS - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended
Dec. 22, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Lokomotiv Kurastyru Zauyty (LKZ)      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Percentage of voting interests acquired 50.00%    
Business combination, consideration transferred $ 111    
Total purchase price (as a percent) 100.00%    
L&M Radiator, Inc      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Business combination, consideration transferred   $ 245  
Goodwill deductible for tax purpose     $ 0
Lokomotiv Kurastyru Zauyty (LKZ)      
Business Acquisition [Line Items]      
Ownership percent 50.00%    
v3.24.3
ACQUISITIONS - Summary of Preliminary Estimated Fair Values of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 22, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Assets acquired        
Goodwill $ 8,786 $ 8,780    
Lokomotiv Kurastyru Zauyty (LKZ)        
Assets acquired        
Cash and cash equivalents     $ 30  
Accounts receivable     6  
Inventory     95  
Property, plant and equipment     36  
Goodwill     111  
Other noncurrent assets     3  
Total assets acquired     281  
Liabilities assumed        
Current liabilities     21  
Noncurrent liabilities     3  
Total liabilities assumed     24  
Net assets acquired     $ 257  
L&M Radiator, Inc        
Assets acquired        
Cash and cash equivalents       $ 16
Accounts receivable       20
Inventory       26
Other current assets       1
Property, plant and equipment       43
Goodwill       106
Other intangible assets       89
Other noncurrent assets       1
Total assets acquired       302
Liabilities assumed        
Current liabilities       16
Noncurrent liabilities       41
Total liabilities assumed       57
Net assets acquired       $ 245
v3.24.3
INVENTORIES (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]    
Raw materials $ 1,028 $ 1,062
Work-in-progress 590 463
Finished goods 762 759
Total inventories $ 2,380 $ 2,284
v3.24.3
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Change in the Carrying Amount of Goodwill by Segment (Details)
$ in Millions
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]  
Beginning balance $ 8,780
Additions/adjustments 9
Foreign currency impact (3)
Ending balance 8,786
Freight Segment  
Goodwill [Roll Forward]  
Beginning balance 7,294
Additions/adjustments 9
Foreign currency impact (23)
Ending balance 7,280
Transit Segment  
Goodwill [Roll Forward]  
Beginning balance 1,486
Additions/adjustments 0
Foreign currency impact 20
Ending balance $ 1,506
v3.24.3
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2023
Intangible Assets Disclosure [Line Items]          
Trade names $ 619   $ 619   $ 612
Intangible assets, amortization expense $ 79 $ 74 $ 224 $ 222  
Trade Names          
Intangible Assets Disclosure [Line Items]          
Trade names, useful life 5 years   5 years    
Backlog          
Intangible Assets Disclosure [Line Items]          
Intangible assets, weighted average remaining useful life (years) 7 years   7 years    
Customer relationships          
Intangible Assets Disclosure [Line Items]          
Intangible assets, weighted average remaining useful life (years) 14 years   14 years    
Acquired Technology          
Intangible Assets Disclosure [Line Items]          
Intangible assets, weighted average remaining useful life (years) 6 years   6 years    
v3.24.3
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Intangible Assets Other Than Goodwill and Trade Names (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount $ 4,051 $ 4,047
Accumulated Amortization (1,674) (1,454)
Net Carrying Amount 2,377 2,593
Backlog    
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount 1,433 1,431
Accumulated Amortization (605) (526)
Net Carrying Amount 828 905
Customer relationships    
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount 1,322 1,333
Accumulated Amortization (481) (431)
Net Carrying Amount 841 902
Acquired technology    
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount 1,296 1,283
Accumulated Amortization (588) (497)
Net Carrying Amount $ 708 $ 786
v3.24.3
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Amortization Expense (Details)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Remainder of 2024 $ 70
2025 272
2026 267
2027 262
2028 $ 261
v3.24.3
CONTRACT ASSETS AND CONTRACT LIABILITIES - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]    
Noncurrent contract assets $ 175 $ 154
Noncurrent contract liabilities 319 174
Provisions for loss contracts $ 89 $ 104
v3.24.3
CONTRACT ASSETS AND CONTRACT LIABILITIES - Change in Carrying Amount of Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Contract Assets    
Balance at beginning of year $ 678 $ 706
Recognized in current year 549 562
Reclassified to accounts receivable (496) (456)
Acquisitions/adjustments 0 (2)
Foreign currency impact (5) (4)
Balance at end of period 726 806
Contract Liabilities    
Balance at beginning of year 1,082 956
Recognized in current year 1,021 1,043
Amounts in beginning balance reclassified to revenue (513) (632)
Current year amounts reclassified to revenue (615) (393)
Acquisitions 0 1
Foreign currency impact 0 (6)
Balance at end of period $ 975 $ 969
v3.24.3
LEASES - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Leases [Abstract]        
Operating lease cost $ 18 $ 16 $ 50 $ 48
Lease obligation incurred $ 8 $ 7 $ 40 $ 27
v3.24.3
LEASES - Maturity of Lease Liabilities (Details)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Operating Leases  
Remaining 2024 $ 17
2025 61
2026 54
2027 43
2028 32
Thereafter 110
Total lease payments 317
Less: Present value discount (27)
Present value of lease liabilities $ 290
v3.24.3
LEASES - Lease Term and Discount Rate (Details)
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]    
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) 7 years 2 months 12 days 7 years 9 months 18 days
Weighted-average discount rate 2.80% 2.40%
v3.24.3
LONG-TERM DEBT - Schedule of Long-term Debt (Details)
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
EUR (€)
Mar. 14, 2024
USD ($)
Mar. 11, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total $ 4,017,000,000       $ 4,069,000,000
Less: current portion (500,000,000)       (781,000,000)
Long-term portion 3,517,000,000       3,288,000,000
Fair Value          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total 4,033,000,000       3,977,000,000
Less: current portion (495,000,000)       (779,000,000)
Long-term portion 3,538,000,000       3,198,000,000
Other Borrowings          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total 1,000,000       54,000,000
Other Borrowings | Fair Value          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total $ 1,000,000       57,000,000
4.15% Senior Notes, due 2024 | Senior Notes          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate (as a percent) 4.15% 4.15%      
Effective Interest Rate 0.00% 0.00%      
Face Value $ 0        
Total 0       725,000,000
4.15% Senior Notes, due 2024 | Senior Notes | Fair Value          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total $ 0       722,000,000
3.20% Senior Notes, due 2025 | Senior Notes          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate (as a percent) 3.20% 3.20%      
Effective Interest Rate 3.40% 3.40%      
Face Value $ 500,000,000        
Total 499,000,000       499,000,000
3.20% Senior Notes, due 2025 | Senior Notes | Fair Value          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total $ 494,000,000       484,000,000
3.45% Senior Notes, due 2026 | Senior Notes          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate (as a percent) 3.45% 3.45%      
Effective Interest Rate 3.50% 3.50%      
Face Value $ 750,000,000        
Total 750,000,000       749,000,000
3.45% Senior Notes, due 2026 | Senior Notes | Fair Value          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total $ 738,000,000       718,000,000
1.25% Senior Notes (EUR), due 2027 | Senior Notes          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate (as a percent) 1.25% 1.25%      
Effective Interest Rate 1.50% 1.50%      
Face Value | €   € 500,000,000      
Total $ 552,000,000       547,000,000
1.25% Senior Notes (EUR), due 2027 | Senior Notes | Fair Value          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total $ 527,000,000       509,000,000
4.70% Senior Notes, due 2028 | Senior Notes          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate (as a percent) 4.70% 4.70%      
Effective Interest Rate 4.80% 4.80%      
Face Value $ 1,250,000,000        
Total 1,246,000,000       1,245,000,000
4.70% Senior Notes, due 2028 | Senior Notes | Fair Value          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total $ 1,269,000,000       1,237,000,000
5.611% Senior Notes, due 2034 | Senior Notes          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Stated interest rate (as a percent) 5.611% 5.611%   5.611%  
Effective Interest Rate 5.70% 5.70%      
Face Value $ 500,000,000     $ 500,000,000  
Total 495,000,000       0
5.611% Senior Notes, due 2034 | Senior Notes | Fair Value          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total $ 529,000,000       0
Revolving Credit Facility | Revolving Credit Facility | Line of Credit          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Effective Interest Rate 8.60% 8.60%      
Total $ 0       0
Revolving Credit Facility | Revolving Credit Facility | Line of Credit | Fair Value          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total $ 0       0
Term Loan | 2024 Credit Agreement | Line of Credit          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Effective Interest Rate 6.70% 6.70%      
Face Value $ 225,000,000   $ 225,000,000    
Total 224,000,000       0
Term Loan | 2024 Credit Agreement | Line of Credit | Fair Value          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total $ 225,000,000       0
Term Loan | Delayed Draw Term Loan | Line of Credit          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Effective Interest Rate 6.70% 6.70%      
Face Value $ 250,000,000        
Total 250,000,000       250,000,000
Term Loan | Delayed Draw Term Loan | Line of Credit | Fair Value          
Debt Instrument [Line Items]          
Total $ 250,000,000       $ 250,000,000
v3.24.3
LONG-TERM DEBT - Additional Information (Details)
 4 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Mar. 14, 2024
USD ($)
Mar. 11, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
EUR (€)
Sep. 30, 2023
Aug. 15, 2022
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Unamortized debt issuance costs     $ 15,000,000 $ 17,000,000      
Line of Credit              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Maximum borrowing capacity       $ 1,750,000,000      
Senior Notes              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Debt redemption price (as a percent)       100.00%      
Delayed Draw Term Loan | Line of Credit              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Aggregate borrowing amount       $ 750,000,000      
4.375% Senior Notes, due 2023 | Senior Notes              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Stated interest rate (as a percent)           4.375%  
2018 Refinancing Credit Agreement | Line of Credit              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Interest coverage ratio       3.0      
Debt instrument, covenant, leverage ratio, maximum       3.5 3.5    
4.15% Senior Notes, due 2024 | Senior Notes              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Company borrowed amount       $ 0      
Stated interest rate (as a percent)       4.15% 4.15%    
Interest rate period decrease     0.25%        
3.2000 Percent Senior Notes Due 2025 | Senior Notes              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Company borrowed amount       $ 500,000,000      
Stated interest rate (as a percent)       3.20% 3.20%    
3.45% Senior Notes, due 2026 | Senior Notes              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Company borrowed amount       $ 750,000,000      
Stated interest rate (as a percent)       3.45% 3.45%    
1.25% Senior Notes (EUR), due 2027 | Senior Notes              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Company borrowed amount | €         € 500,000,000    
Stated interest rate (as a percent)       1.25% 1.25%    
4.70% Senior Notes, due 2028 | Senior Notes              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Company borrowed amount       $ 1,250,000,000      
Stated interest rate (as a percent)       4.70% 4.70%    
Interest rate period decrease     0.25%        
5.611% Senior Notes, due 2034 | Senior Notes              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Company borrowed amount   $ 500,000,000   $ 500,000,000      
Stated interest rate (as a percent)   5.611%   5.611% 5.611%    
Debt redemption price (as a percent)   100.00%          
Deferred financing costs   $ 5,000,000          
Term Loan | 2024 Credit Agreement | Line of Credit              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Company borrowed amount $ 225,000,000     $ 225,000,000      
Debt instrument, variable interest rate, type flag       Base Rate [Member]      
Debt instrument, basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)       1.75%      
Interest rate at period rate       6.50% 6.50%    
Interest coverage ratio 3.0            
Debt instrument, covenant, leverage ratio, maximum 3.5            
Leverage ratio calculation, restricted cash amount $ 300,000,000            
Term Loan | Delayed Draw Term Loan | Line of Credit              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Company borrowed amount       $ 250,000,000      
Maximum borrowing capacity       $ 250,000,000     $ 250,000,000
Term Loan | Delayed Draw Term Loan | 2024 Credit Agreement              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Interest rate at period rate       6.50% 6.50%    
Revolving Credit Facility | Delayed Draw Term Loan              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Maximum borrowing capacity             $ 1,500,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility | Delayed Draw Term Loan | Line of Credit              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Debt instrument, variable interest rate, type flag       Base Rate [Member]      
Debt instrument, basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)       1.75%      
Revolving Credit Facility | 2018 Refinancing Credit Agreement | Line of Credit              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Maximum borrowing capacity       $ 1,500,000,000      
Line of Credit | Uncommited Money Market Line Credit Agreement              
Debt Instrument [Line Items]              
Maximum borrowing capacity       $ 150,000,000      
v3.24.3
LONG-TERM DEBT - Schedule of Line of Credit Facilities (Details) - USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2024
Aug. 15, 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Outstanding Borrowings $ (250,000,000)  
Current Availability 1,500,000,000  
Revolving Credit Facility | 2018 Refinancing Credit Agreement    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Outstanding Borrowings 0  
Current Availability 1,500,000,000  
Revolving Credit Facility | Delayed Draw Term Loan    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Maximum Availability   $ 1,500,000,000
Delayed Draw Term Loan | Delayed Draw Term Loan    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Outstanding Borrowings (250,000,000)  
Current Availability 0  
Line of Credit    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Maximum Availability 1,750,000,000  
Letters of Credit Under Credit Agreement 0  
Line of Credit | Revolving Credit Facility | 2018 Refinancing Credit Agreement    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Maximum Availability 1,500,000,000  
Letters of Credit Under Credit Agreement 0  
Line of Credit | Delayed Draw Term Loan | Delayed Draw Term Loan    
Debt Instrument [Line Items]    
Maximum Availability 250,000,000 $ 250,000,000
Letters of Credit Under Credit Agreement $ 0  
v3.24.3
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2026
Dec. 31, 2025
Dec. 31, 2024
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Stock-based compensation expense $ 23 $ 16 $ 57 $ 42      
Unamortized compensation expense expected to be vested $ 91   $ 91        
Granted (in shares)     0        
Exercisable at period end (in shares) 231,026   231,026        
Stock Option              
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Award vesting period     3 years        
Plan term     10 years        
Performance Shares              
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Award vesting period     3 years        
Share-based compensation, relative total stockholder return modifier, payment percentage, increase     10.00%        
Share-based compensation, relative total stockholder return modifier, payment percentage, decrease     20.00%        
Percentage of incentive stock awards expected to be vested and awarded of stocks granted     100.00%        
Performance Shares | Scenario Forecast              
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Percentage of incentive stock awards expected to be vested and awarded of stocks granted         175.00% 163.00% 158.00%
Performance Shares | Minimum              
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Percentage of incentive stock awards expected to be vested and awarded of stocks granted     0.00%        
Performance Shares | Maximum              
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Percentage of incentive stock awards expected to be vested and awarded of stocks granted     200.00%        
2011 and 2000 Plans | Restricted Stock              
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Award vesting period     3 years        
2011 Plan              
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Number of shares available for grant (in shares) 4,400,000   4,400,000        
Directors Plan | Restricted Stock              
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]              
Award vesting period     1 year        
v3.24.3
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION - Restricted Stock Activity and Incentive Stock Awards Activity (Details)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
$ / shares
shares
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value  
Outstanding, beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 93.65
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 142.43
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 87.81
Adjustment for incentive stock awards expected to vest (in dollars per shares) | $ / shares 117.62
Canceled (in dollars per share) | $ / shares 104.93
Outstanding, end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares $ 114.70
Restricted Stock and Units  
Number of Shares  
Outstanding, beginning of period (in shares) 760,569
Granted (in shares) 309,241
Vested (in shares) (276,957)
Adjustment for incentive stock awards expected to vest (in shares) 0
Canceled (in shares) (43,086)
Outstanding, end of period (in shares) 749,767
Incentive Stock Units  
Number of Shares  
Outstanding, beginning of period (in shares) 692,732
Granted (in shares) 193,661
Vested (in shares) (298,756)
Adjustment for incentive stock awards expected to vest (in shares) 190,451
Canceled (in shares) (19,852)
Outstanding, end of period (in shares) 758,236
v3.24.3
INCOME TAXES (Details)
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]        
Effective tax rate 24.20% 24.50% 24.10% 25.10%
v3.24.3
EARNINGS PER SHARE - Computation of Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Numerator        
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders $ 283 $ 240 $ 844 $ 600
Denominator        
Weighted average shares outstanding- basic (in shares) 173.4 178.6 175.1 179.1
Assumed conversion of dilutive stock-based compensation plans (in shares) 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6
Weighted average shares outstanding- diluted (in shares) 174.1 179.2 175.7 179.7
Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders per common share        
Basic (in dollars per share) $ 1.63 $ 1.34 $ 4.81 $ 3.34
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ 1.63 $ 1.33 $ 4.80 $ 3.33
v3.24.3
WARRANTIES (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Movement in Standard and Extended Product Warranty, Increase (Decrease) [Roll Forward]    
Balance at the beginning $ 248 $ 242
Warranty expense 84 76
Warranty claim payments (63) (70)
Foreign currency impact/other 2 (1)
Balance at end of period $ 271 $ 247
v3.24.3
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Dec. 31, 2023
Foreign Exchange Forward | Non-Designated          
Derivative [Line Items]          
Derivative term 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year  
Other Accrued Liabilities | General Electric Company | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3          
Derivative [Line Items]          
Contingent consideration, current $ 0   $ 0   $ 42
v3.24.3
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS - Summary of Notional Amounts and Fair Value (Details) - Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Sep. 30, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Designated    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Total $ (2) $ 4
Gross Notional Amount 624 1,224
Designated | Other current assets | Foreign Exchange Contracts    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative asset fair value 4 6
Gross Notional Amount 255 319
Designated | Other current assets | Interest Rate Contracts    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative asset fair value 0 10
Gross Notional Amount 20 250
Designated | Other current liabilities | Foreign Exchange Contracts    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Liabilities at fair value (6) (12)
Gross Notional Amount 329 655
Designated | Other current liabilities | Interest Rate Contracts    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Liabilities at fair value 0  
Gross Notional Amount 20  
Non-Designated    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Total 2 0
Gross Notional Amount 245 310
Non-Designated | Other current assets | Foreign Exchange Contracts    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative asset fair value 2 3
Gross Notional Amount 156 110
Non-Designated | Other current assets | Interest Rate Contracts    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Derivative asset fair value 0 0
Gross Notional Amount 0 0
Non-Designated | Other current liabilities | Foreign Exchange Contracts    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Liabilities at fair value 0 (3)
Gross Notional Amount 89 $ 200
Non-Designated | Other current liabilities | Interest Rate Contracts    
Derivative [Line Items]    
Liabilities at fair value 0  
Gross Notional Amount $ 0  
v3.24.3
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Details)
$ in Millions
Sep. 08, 2017
USD ($)
Subsidiaries | Denver Transit, Installation of Constant Wireless Crossings | Threatened Litigation  
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]  
Damages alleged $ 37
v3.24.3
SEGMENT INFORMATION - Additional Information (Details)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Number of reportable segments 2
v3.24.3
SEGMENT INFORMATION - Segment Financial Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales $ 2,663 $ 2,550 $ 7,804 $ 7,151
Income (loss) from operations 433 370 1,275 958
Interest expense and other, net (55) (50) (149) (146)
Income before income taxes 378 320 1,126 812
Freight Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 1,930 1,881 5,674 5,134
Transit Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 733 669 2,130 2,017
Corporate Activities and Elimination        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales (35) (27) (81) (78)
Income (loss) from operations (36) (25) (109) (70)
Interest expense and other, net (55) (50) (149) (146)
Income before income taxes (91) (75) (258) (216)
Corporate Activities and Elimination | Freight Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 12 18 37 47
Corporate Activities and Elimination | Transit Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 23 9 44 31
Operating Segments | Freight Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 1,942 1,899 5,711 5,181
Income (loss) from operations 390 325 1,149 820
Interest expense and other, net 0 0 0 0
Income before income taxes 390 325 1,149 820
Operating Segments | Transit Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 756 678 2,174 2,048
Income (loss) from operations 79 70 235 208
Interest expense and other, net 0 0 0 0
Income before income taxes $ 79 $ 70 $ 235 $ 208
v3.24.3
SEGMENT INFORMATION - Sales by Product (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales $ 2,663 $ 2,550 $ 7,804 $ 7,151
Freight Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 1,930 1,881 5,674 5,134
Transit Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 733 669 2,130 2,017
Services        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 492 502 1,481 1,520
Services | Freight Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 917 787 2,575 2,304
Equipment | Freight Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 513 620 1,609 1,442
Components | Freight Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 296 293 911 825
Digital Intelligence | Freight Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 204 181 579 563
Original Equipment Manufacturer | Transit Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales 349 308 969 931
Aftermarket | Transit Segment        
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]        
Total sales $ 384 $ 361 $ 1,161 $ 1,086
v3.24.3
OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]        
Foreign currency loss $ (6) $ (3) $ (11) $ (9)
Equity income 1 12 3 23
Expected return on pension assets/amortization 3 2 7 5
Other miscellaneous expense, net (1) (1) 0 (2)
Total Other (expense) income, net $ (3) $ 10 $ (1) $ 17
v3.24.3
RESTRUCTURING - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 33 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2022
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Restructuring charges $ 10 $ 13   $ 22 $ 30  
Integration 2.0            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Restructuring period     3 years      
Restructuring charges           $ 140
Payments for restructuring 5 $ 0   35 $ 0  
Portfolio Optimization            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Total expected costs 85     85   85
Restructuring charges $ 8     $ 13   $ 41
Minimum | Integration 2.0            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Total expected costs     $ 135      
Maximum | Integration 2.0            
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]            
Total expected costs     $ 165      
v3.24.3
RESTRUCTURING - Schedule of Restructuring Charges (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges $ 10 $ 13 $ 22 $ 30
Freight Segment        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges 2 3 2 7
Transit Segment        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges 8 10 20 23
Cost of goods sold | Freight Segment        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges 2 2 6 4
Cost of goods sold | Transit Segment        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges 5 11 9 17
Selling, general and administrative expenses | Freight Segment        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges 0 1 0 3
Selling, general and administrative expenses | Transit Segment        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges 3 (1) 9 4
Other income, net | Freight Segment        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges 0 0 (4) 0
Amortization expense | Transit Segment        
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]        
Total Integration 2.0 restructuring charges $ 0 $ 0 $ 2 $ 2
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