Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years
Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed
in US dollars)
1
.
|
Nature
of Operations and Going Concern
|
GOLD
TORRENT, INC. (the “Company”) was incorporated as a Nevada company on August 15, 2006. Going forward, the Company
plans to focus on acquiring ownership in late-stage exploration to development stage gold mining projects and/or royalty or streaming
interests in low capital intensity, late-stage mining projects in North America. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015,
the Company entered into an Exploration and Option to Enter Joint Venture Agreement with a third party (Note 10).
The
Company has incurred losses since inception and has an accumulated deficit of $3,987,428 (2016 - $2,040,757) as of March 31, 2017,
with limited resources and limited source of operating cash flows. As at March 31, 2017, the Company has a working capital of
$906,324 (2016 - $196,599 working capital deficiency).
These
factors raise substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. The Company’s continuance
as a going concern is dependent on the success of the efforts of its directors and principal stockholders in providing financial
support in the short-term, raising additional capital through equity or debt financing either from its own resources or from third
parties, and achieving profitable operations. In the event that such resources are not secured, the assets may not be realized
or liabilities discharged at their carrying amounts, and the difference from the carrying amounts reported in these consolidated
financial statements could be material.
These
consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability
and classification of the assets or the amounts and classifications of the liabilities that may result from the inability of the
Company to continue as a going concern.
2.
|
Significant
Accounting Policies
|
|
(a)
|
Basis
of presentation
|
These
consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of America (“US GAAP”). The Company’s functional and reporting currency is the US dollar. These consolidated
financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the accounts of the Company’s 70% owned subsidiary, Alaska
Gold Torrent, LLC, incorporated in the State of Alaska. For all periods presented, all significant inter-company accounts and
transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.
The
preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis,
the Company evaluates its estimates, including, but not limited to, those related to accounts payable and accrued liabilities,
the fair value of warrants attached to common shares issued, the fair value of shares issued for services, the fair value of stock
options granted, and the recoverability of income tax assets. While management believes the estimates used are reasonable, actual
results could differ from those estimates and could impact future results of operations and cash flows.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years
Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed
in US dollars)
2.
|
Significant
Accounting Policies
(Continued)
|
|
(c)
|
Basic
and diluted earnings (loss) per share
|
Basic
earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss)
per share assumes the exercise of common stock equivalents, such as stock issuable pursuant to the exercise of stock options and
warrants. However, the calculation of diluted loss per share excludes the effects of various conversions and exercise of options
and warrants that would be anti-dilutive.
|
(d)
|
Foreign
currency translation
|
Transactions
in currencies other than the US dollar are translated into US dollars at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date
for monetary assets and liabilities, and at historical exchange rates for non-monetary assets and liabilities. Expenses are translated
at the average rates for the period, except amortization, which is translated on the same basis as the related assets. Resulting
translation gains or losses are reflected in net loss.
|
(e)
|
Financial
instruments
|
All
financial instruments are classified as one of the following: held-to-maturity, loans and receivables, held-for-trading, available-for-sale
or other financial liabilities. Financial assets and liabilities held-for-trading are measured at fair value with gains and losses
recognized in net income. Financial assets held-to-maturity, loans and receivables, and other financial liabilities are measured
at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Available-for-sale instruments are measured at fair value with unrealized
gains and losses recognized in other comprehensive income and reported in stockholders’ equity.
A
financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant
to the fair value measurement. The Company prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:
|
(i)
Level 1 –
|
Applies
to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
|
|
|
|
|
(ii)
Level 2 –
|
Applies
to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the
asset or liability, either directly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or indirectly,
such as quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions.
|
|
|
|
|
(iii)
Level 3 –
|
Applies
to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable market data.
|
Transaction
costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial instruments that are classified as held-to-maturity,
loans and receivables or other financial liabilities are included in the initial carrying value of such instruments and amortized
using the effective interest method. Transaction costs classified as held-for-trading are expensed when incurred, while those
classified as available-for-sale are included in the initial carrying value.
The
Company uses the asset and liability approach in its method of accounting for income taxes that requires the recognition of deferred
tax liabilities and assets for expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the
tax basis of assets and liabilities. The Company recognizes the effect of uncertain tax positions where it is more likely than
not based on technical merits that the position could be sustained where the tax benefit has a greater than 50% likelihood of
being realized upon settlement. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is recorded if based upon available evidence,
it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years
Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed
in US dollars)
2.
|
Significant
Accounting Policies
(Continued)
|
The
Company records all share-based payments at fair value. Where equity instruments are granted to employees, they are recorded at
the fair value of the equity instrument granted at the grant date. The grant date fair value is recognized through profit or loss
over the vesting period, described as the period during which all the vesting conditions are to be satisfied.
Where
equity instruments are granted to non-employees, they are recorded at the fair value of the goods or services received. When the
value of goods or services received in exchange for the share-based payment cannot be reliably estimated, the fair value is measured
by use of a valuation model.
At
each balance sheet date, the amount recognized as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual number of stock options expected
to vest. On the exercise of stock options, common stock is recorded for the consideration received and for the fair value amounts
previously recorded to contributed surplus. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value
of share-based payments.
|
(h)
|
Exploration
and evaluation
|
The
Company is primarily engaged in the acquisition and exploration of mining properties. Mineral property exploration costs are expensed
as incurred. Mineral property acquisition costs are initially capitalized when incurred. An impairment loss is recognized when
the sum of the expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the mineral property. Impairment losses,
if any, are measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the mineral property over its estimated fair value.
|
(i)
|
Recent
accounting guidance adopted
|
The
Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect. These pronouncements did not have any material impact
on the financial statements unless otherwise disclosed, and the Company does not believe that there are any other new accounting
pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.
The
Company has designated its cash as held-for-trading; and accounts payable, accrued liabilities and stockholders’ loans,
as other financial liabilities.
The
fair values of the Company’s cash, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and stockholders’ loans approximate their
carrying values due to the short-term maturity of these instruments.
Credit
risk is the risk of potential loss to the Company if the counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual
obligations. The Company is not exposed to significant credit risk as at March 31, 2017 and 2016.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years
Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed
in US dollars)
3.
|
Financial
Instruments
(Continued)
|
The
Company’s functional currency is the US dollar. The Company translates transactions in foreign currencies into US currency
using rates on the date of the transactions. Translation risk is considered minimal, as the Company does not incur any significant
transactions in currencies other than US dollars.
The
Company is not exposed to significant interest rate risk due to the short-term maturity of its monetary current assets and liabilities.
Liquidity
risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in satisfying its financial obligations as they become due. The Company
manages its liquidity risk by forecasting cash flows from operations and anticipated investing and financing activities. At March
31, 2017, the Company had accounts payable of $356,274 (2016 - $226,619), which are due within 30 days or less. As at March 31,
2017, accrued liabilities consist of accrued accounting and legal fees of $15,000 (2016 - $15,000), accrued interest of $25,205
(2016 - $Nil), accrued executive compensation of $407,607 (2016 - $264,750), and exploration and development costs of $27,761
(2016 - $Nil).
During
the year ended March 31, 2016, the Company entered into subscription agreements for the issuance of 5,363,600 shares of common
stock at a purchase price of $0.25 per share for a total amount of $1,340,900 in cash.
During
the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company entered into subscription agreements for the issuance of 2,040,000 shares of common
stock at a purchase price of $0.25 per share for a total amount of $510,000 in cash, and 1,890,000 shares of common stock at a
purchase price of $0.50 per share for a total amount of $945,000 in cash.
Subsequent
to year-end, in April 2017, the Company entered into subscription agreements for the issuance of 2,100,000 bonus shares of common
stock as compensation to its current management and technical team for $0.50 per share, and 1,350,000 bonus shares of common stock
as compensation to its current CEO and Chairman for $0.55 per share.
The
stock options have been granted in conjunction with an Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) for employees, directors
and consultants, whereby a maximum aggregate number of common shares that may be issued under the Plan are 20,000,000 common shares.
The term of the options is determined by the Board of Directors and cannot exceed 10 years. The exercise price of the stock options
is determined by the Board of Directors, but shall not be less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant.
Stock options granted under the Plan vest over varying periods at the discretion of the Board of Directors.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years
Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed
in US dollars)
5.
|
Stock
Options
(Continued)
|
The
Company’s stock options are outstanding and exercisable as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
March
31, 2017
|
|
Expiry
date
|
|
Exercise
price
|
|
|
Options
outstanding
|
|
|
Options
exercisable
|
|
July
30, 2019
|
|
$
|
1.25
|
|
|
|
150,000
|
|
|
|
150,000
|
|
July
30, 2019
|
|
$
|
1.38
|
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
175,000
|
|
|
|
175,000
|
|
During
the fiscal years ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company did not grant any stock options. The weighted average remaining contractual
life of stock options outstanding at March 31, 2017 is 2.33 (2016 – 3.33) years.
Subsequent
to year-end, in April 2017, the Board approved a new “2016 Stock Option and Bonus Plan” granting up to 3,000,000 options
to the directors, officers, employees, subsidiary employees and advisors; the total amount of options granted was 2,175,000.
Accounts
payable as at March 31, 2017 includes the following:
-
$55,000 due to a company controlled by an officer and stockholder of the Company; and
-
$301,274 due to consultants and unrelated parties.
During
the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company repaid $26,000 to a vendor to settle an amount owing of $92,000, which resulted in
a gain on settlement of debt in the amount of $66,000.
As
at March 31, 2017, current officers and stockholders of the Company had loans outstanding of $Nil (2016 $93,793).
8.
|
Related
Party Transactions
|
Transactions
with related parties for goods and services are based on the exchange amount as agreed to by the related parties.
Details
of related party transactions are as follows:
|
(a)
|
Effective
October 1, 2014, the Company signed a technical services and administration consulting agreement with a company controlled
by a director, pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay a monthly fee of $9,529 including overhead and rent. This amount
was changed to $13,529 in January 2016 due to the hiring of an additional employee. Additional changes occurred on July 1,
2016 and October 1, 2016, where the monthly fee was reduced to $12,000 and then $8,000 respectively. During the year ended
March 31, 2017, the Company paid or accrued various expenses of $124,589 (2016 - $447,817) relating to this agreement.
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
During
the year ended March 31, 2015, the Company granted 125,000 stock options to directors and officers with a total fair value
of $142,502. During the year ended March 31, 2017, a further fair value of $Nil (2016 - $8,850) vested into share-based payments
expense.
|
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years
Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed
in US dollars)
8.
|
Related
Party Transactions
(Continued)
|
|
(c)
|
During
the year ended March 31, 2016, the Company signed employment agreements with three directors and officers. A total of $485,000
(2016 - $363,750) was accrued during the year ended March 31, 2017 as a result of these contracts, and $462,607 (2016 - $264,750)
were owing as at March 31, 2017.
|
|
|
|
|
(d)
|
During
the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company signed a non-exclusive license agreement with a company controlled by a director,
pursuant to which the Company accepts the Licensor to construct, build, own, and operate the Licensed Good for use associated
with the Lucky Shot gold project near Willow, Alaska. The Licensor and the Licensee agreed on a lump sum of $200,000 for each
single plant with a design capacity of 400 tonnes of ore per day.
|
The
Company operates primarily in one business segment being the identification and development of mining projects with substantially
all of its assets and operations located in the United States.
10.
|
Exploration
and Evaluation
|
On
July 28, 2014, the Company entered into a non-binding Letter of Intent (“LOI”) with a third party to negotiate and
enter into a Joint Venture Agreement for the development of the gold property known as Lucky Shot, Alaska (formerly known as “Willow
Creek”). On November 5, 2014, the Company signed an Exploration and Option to Enter Joint Venture Agreement for the Lucky
Shot project in Alaska. The Exploration and Option Agreement provides the Company with the right to earn up to a 70% interest
in a joint venture with Miranda USA Inc. (“Miranda”) by making certain expenditures over the next three years totaling
$10,000,000. The principal terms of the Exploration and Option Agreement initially provided that the Company could earn an initial
20% interest in the Lucky Shot gold project by incurring an initial work commitment of $1,070,000 before November 5, 2015 in costs
related to exploration and development of the project. On September 2, 2015, Miranda granted the Company a six-month extension
to the dates related to this earn-in. Therefore, the Company was able to earn an initial 20% interest in the Lucky Shot gold project
by incurring an initial work commitment of $1,070,000 before May 5, 2016 in costs related to exploration and development of the
project.
On
January 15, 2015 and January 6, 2016, the Company paid $150,000 for a Lease Agreement between Miranda and a private company, and
the amount was included in prepaid expenses and expensed over 12 months. In addition, the Company is committed to paying $150,000
every year on January 15. The purpose of this lease is to afford Miranda the opportunity to enter onto and produce minerals from
certain patents and State of Alaska mining claims located in the State of Alaska. This lease is to be transferred by Miranda to
the joint venture upon the Company earning its initial 20% interest. The parties have agreed to postpone forming the joint venture
company until the project finance discussions have been advanced to a point where the security and other requirements of the project
investor can be determined.
On
May 25, 2016, the Company received formal notice from Miranda that the Company has acquired a permanent 20% interest in the Lucky
Shot project by virtue of meeting the initial earning required expenditures.
On
July 8, 2016, the Company purchased a 30-acre parcel of private, undeveloped land for $100,506 and on March 15, 2017, purchased
a building for $304,900 in Alaska near the Lucky Shot project for the siting of a gold recovery plant. As at March 31, 2017, a
total of $405,406 (2016 - $Nil) has been capitalized as “mineral property interest” on the consolidated balance sheet.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years
Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed
in US dollars)
10.
|
Exploration
and Evaluation
(Continued)
|
The
total of $2,886,925 expended for exploration and development costs consists of cumulative acquisition, exploration, engineering
and evaluation costs of $949,932 as of March 31, 2016, and $1,936,993 in additional expenditures during the year ended March 31,
2017, consisting of:
Property
acquisition
|
|
$
|
405,406
|
|
Capital
contribution in Alaska Gold Torrent, LLC
|
|
|
300,000
|
|
Mine
engineering
|
|
|
197,107
|
|
Mill
engineering
|
|
|
400,996
|
|
Laboratory
|
|
|
40,993
|
|
Metallurgy
|
|
|
72,302
|
|
Geology
|
|
|
92,011
|
|
Exploration
drilling
|
|
|
62,471
|
|
Permitting
|
|
|
61,347
|
|
Development
related travel
|
|
|
89,219
|
|
Development
related administration
|
|
|
15,727
|
|
Development
related rent
|
|
|
26,206
|
|
Property
lease (including prepaid)
|
|
|
173,208
|
|
Total
Cost
|
|
$
|
1,936,993
|
|
11.
|
Convertible
Preferred Note
|
On
February 15, 2017, the Company entered into a convertible preferred note and investment agreement with two Singapore private limited
companies for a $2,000,000 convertible preferred note and a $11,250,000 gold and silver prepayment arrangement for the Company’s
Lucky Shot gold project. The Company paid $100,000 in legal expenses and used the proceeds from the note as part of the Company’s
initial investment in the project.
The
convertible preferred note bears interest at 10% per annum, is due on February 13, 2019 and secured by certain assets of the Company.
It is also convertible into 15% of the shares of common stock of the Company on a post-money basis on the earlier of: (i) a Canadian
Going Public Transaction or (ii) funding of the $11,250,000 prepayment arrangement and following an equity raise by the Company
of $5,000,000 or more (of which $2,000,000 will include the conversion of the preferred note).
Concurrent
with the closing and funding of the convertible preferred note, the Company and Miranda, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Miranda
Gold Corp. of Canada, executed a joint venture operating agreement and formed Alaska Gold Torrent, LLC, an Alaska limited liability
company under which the Company now owns a seventy percent (70%) undivided interest in the project.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years
Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed
in US dollars)
Deferred
income taxes reflect the tax consequences for future years of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and
their financial reporting amounts.
The
provision for income taxes differs from the result that would be obtained by applying the statutory tax rate of 35% (2016 - 35%)
to income before income taxes as follows:
|
|
March
31, 2017
|
|
|
March
31, 2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Computed
expected income tax benefit
|
|
$
|
682,000
|
|
|
$
|
(453,000
|
)
|
Change
in valuation allowance
|
|
|
(682,000
|
)
|
|
|
453,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
tax provision
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
The
potential benefit of net operating loss carry-forwards has not been recognized in these financial statements since the Company
cannot be assured that it is more likely than not that such benefit will be utilized in future years. The components of deferred
income tax assets and the amount of the valuation allowance are as follows:
|
|
March
31, 2017
|
|
|
March
31, 2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
operating losses carried forward
|
|
$
|
1,469,000
|
|
|
$
|
787,000
|
|
Valuation
allowance
|
|
|
(1,469,000
|
)
|
|
|
(787,000
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
deferred income tax assets
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
The
Company believes that, based on a number of factors, the available objective evidence creates sufficient uncertainty regarding
the reliability of the deferred income tax assets such that a full valuation allowance has been recorded. These factors include
the Company’s current history of net losses and the expected near-term future losses. The operating losses amounting to
$4,196,000 will expire between 2027 and 2037 if they are not utilized. The following table lists the fiscal year in which the
loss was incurred and the expiration date of the operating loss carry-forwards:
Fiscal
Year
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Expiry
Date
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
$
|
55,000
|
|
|
|
2027
|
|
2008
|
|
|
38,000
|
|
|
|
2028
|
|
2009
|
|
|
52,000
|
|
|
|
2029
|
|
2010
|
|
|
63,000
|
|
|
|
2030
|
|
2011
|
|
|
60,000
|
|
|
|
2031
|
|
2012
|
|
|
63,000
|
|
|
|
2032
|
|
2013
|
|
|
96,000
|
|
|
|
2033
|
|
2014
|
|
|
131,000
|
|
|
|
2034
|
|
2015
|
|
|
395,000
|
|
|
|
2035
|
|
2016
|
|
|
1,296,000
|
|
|
|
2036
|
|
2017
|
|
|
1,947,000
|
|
|
|
2037
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
4,196,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years
Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed
in US dollars)
12.
|
Income
Taxes
(Continued)
|
For
the years ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company did not have any unrecognized tax benefits, and thus no interest and penalties
relating to unrecognized tax benefits were recognized. The Company records interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits,
if any, as a component of income tax expense. In addition, the Company does not expect that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits
will change substantially within the next twelve months.
The
Company’s US federal income tax returns are open to examination by the Internal Revenue Service for the 2011, 2012, 2013,
2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 taxation years.
Subsequent
to year-end, in April 2017, the Company entered into subscription agreements for the issuance of 2,100,000 bonus shares of common
stock as compensation to its current management and technical team for $0.50 per share, and 1,350,000 bonus shares of common stock
as compensation to its current CEO and Chairman for $0.55 per share.
In
April 2017, the Board also approved a new “2016 Stock Option and Bonus Plan” granting up to 3,000,000 options to the
directors, officers, employees, subsidiary employees and advisors; the total amount of options granted was 2,175,000.
The
Company evaluates events that have occurred after the balance sheet date, but before the financial statements are issued. Based
upon the evaluation, other than what is described above, the Company did not identify any recognized or non-recognized subsequent
events that would have required further adjustments or disclosures in the financial statements.
INTERIM
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The
unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of GOLD TORRENT, INC. (“we”, “our”, “us”,
the “Company”) as at, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 follow. All currency references in
this report are to US dollars unless otherwise noted.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Interim
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
|
|
September
30, 2017
|
|
|
March
31, 2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Audited)
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
|
$
|
4,001,294
|
|
|
$
|
1,584,684
|
|
Advances
receivable
|
|
|
651,111
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Receivables
|
|
|
229,041
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Prepaids
and deposits
|
|
|
76,739
|
|
|
|
153,487
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,958,185
|
|
|
|
1,738,171
|
|
Long
Term Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mineral
property interest (Note 4)
|
|
|
4,285,714
|
|
|
|
405,406
|
|
Property,
plant and equipment (Note 5)
|
|
|
1,418,774
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,704,488
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Total
Assets
|
|
$
|
10,662,673
|
|
|
$
|
2,143,577
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
payable (Note 6)
|
|
$
|
644,063
|
|
|
$
|
356,274
|
|
Accrued
liabilities
|
|
|
543,586
|
|
|
|
475,573
|
|
Payroll
liabilities
|
|
|
86,384
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
1,274,033
|
|
|
|
831,847
|
|
Long
Term Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
debt (Note 7)
|
|
|
8,500,000
|
|
|
|
2,000,000
|
|
Total
Liabilities
|
|
|
9,774,033
|
|
|
|
2,831,847
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders’
Equity (Deficiency)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common
Stock (Note 10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authorized:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000,000
common shares, $0.001 par value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20,000,000
preferred shares, $0.001 par value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issued
and outstanding:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,778,550
common shares, $0.001 par value
|
|
|
19,779
|
|
|
|
33,087
|
|
(March
31, 2017 – 14,758,600 common shares)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional
Paid-in Capital
|
|
|
5,580,546
|
|
|
|
3,057,263
|
|
Contributed
Surplus (Notes 10 and 11)
|
|
|
208,808
|
|
|
|
208,808
|
|
Non-controlling
Interest (Note 4)
|
|
|
2,724,642
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Deficit
|
|
|
(7,645,135
|
)
|
|
|
(3,987,428
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)
|
|
|
888,640
|
|
|
|
(688,270
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)
|
|
$
|
10,662,673
|
|
|
$
|
2,143,577
|
|
Nature
of operations and going concern (Note 1)
See
accompanying notes to interim financial statements.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Interim
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
|
|
For
the Three
Months
Ended
September
30, 2017
|
|
|
For
the Three
Months
Ended
September
30, 2016
|
|
|
For
the Six
Months
Ended
September
30, 2017
|
|
|
For
the Six
Months
Ended
September
30, 2016
|
|
Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounting
and legal
|
|
$
|
93,889
|
|
|
$
|
40,253
|
|
|
$
|
174,321
|
|
|
$
|
75,553
|
|
Advertising
and promotion
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
12,049
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Bank
charges and interest
|
|
|
465
|
|
|
|
347
|
|
|
|
793
|
|
|
|
1,584
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
1,942
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
3,681
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Executive
compensation and payroll (Note 8)
|
|
|
391,940
|
|
|
|
121,250
|
|
|
|
754,916
|
|
|
|
242,500
|
|
Development
|
|
|
1,898,073
|
|
|
|
251,778
|
|
|
|
2,212,787
|
|
|
|
414,360
|
|
Insurance
|
|
|
115,543
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
214,148
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Licenses
and fees
|
|
|
6,013
|
|
|
|
45,139
|
|
|
|
11,691
|
|
|
|
50,499
|
|
Office
|
|
|
30,433
|
|
|
|
973
|
|
|
|
70,851
|
|
|
|
6,321
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,725,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Travel
and transport
|
|
|
14,105
|
|
|
|
9,505
|
|
|
|
38,542
|
|
|
|
23,193
|
|
Loss
before Other Items
|
|
|
(2,552,403
|
)
|
|
|
(469,245
|
)
|
|
|
(5,218,779
|
)
|
|
|
(814,010
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain
on settlement of debt
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
66,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
66,000
|
|
Net
Loss and Comprehensive Loss for the Period
|
|
$
|
(2,552,403
|
)
|
|
$
|
(403,245
|
)
|
|
$
|
(5,218,779
|
)
|
|
$
|
(748,010
|
)
|
Attributed
to non-controlling interest
|
|
$
|
(730,510
|
)
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
(1,561,072
|
)
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
Attributed
to stockholders of the company
|
|
$
|
(1,821,893
|
)
|
|
$
|
(403,245
|
)
|
|
$
|
(3,657,707
|
)
|
|
$
|
(748,010
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average
number of common shares outstanding
|
|
|
18,977,811
|
|
|
|
12,468,162
|
|
|
|
18,574,997
|
|
|
|
12,619,203
|
|
Basic
and diluted loss per share
|
|
$
|
(0.10
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.20
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.06
|
)
|
See
accompanying noted to interim financial statements.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Interim
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
|
|
For
the Six
Months
Ended
September
30, 2017
|
|
|
For
the Six
Months
Ended
September
30, 2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Flow from Operating Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
loss for the period
|
|
$
|
(5,218,779
|
)
|
|
$
|
(748,010
|
)
|
Items
not involving cash:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share-
based payments
|
|
|
1,725,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Gain
on settlement of debt
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
(66,000
|
)
|
Amortization
|
|
|
3,681
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Changes
in non-cash working capital items:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Advances
receivable
|
|
|
(651,111
|
)
|
|
|
-
|
|
Prepaids
and deposits
|
|
|
76,748
|
|
|
|
82,808
|
|
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities
|
|
|
126,792
|
|
|
|
61,972
|
|
Payroll
liabilities
|
|
|
86,384
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Used in Operating Activities
|
|
|
(3,851,285
|
)
|
|
|
(669,230
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Flow from Investing Activity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase
of property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
(1,017,080
|
)
|
|
|
(100,507
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
used in Investing Activity
|
|
|
(1,017,080
|
)
|
|
|
(100,507
|
)
|
Cash
Flow from Financing Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds
from issuance of common stock
|
|
|
784,975
|
|
|
|
960,000
|
|
Proceeds
from long-term debt
|
|
|
6,500,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Repayment
of shareholders’ loan
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
(93,793
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
provided by Financing Activities
|
|
|
7,284,975
|
|
|
|
866,207
|
|
Increase
in Cash
|
|
|
2,416,610
|
|
|
|
96,470
|
|
Cash,
Beginning of Period
|
|
|
1,584,684
|
|
|
|
265,315
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash,
End of Period
|
|
$
|
4,001,294
|
|
|
$
|
361,785
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental
Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Taxes
paid
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
Interest
paid
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
See
accompanying notes to interim financial statements.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Interim
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
|
|
Shares
of Common Stock Issued
|
|
|
Common
Stock
|
|
|
Additional
Paid-in Capital
|
|
|
Contributed
Surplus
|
|
|
Non-controlling
Interest
|
|
|
Deficit
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Balance,
March 31, 2016
|
|
|
10,828,600
|
|
|
$
|
29,157
|
|
|
$
|
1,606,193
|
|
|
$
|
208,808
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
(2,040,757
|
)
|
|
$
|
(196,599
|
)
|
Shares
issued for cash
|
|
|
3,930,000
|
|
|
|
3,930
|
|
|
|
1,451,070
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,455,000
|
|
Net
loss for the year
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
(1,946,671
|
)
|
|
|
(1,946,671
|
)
|
Balance, March
31, 2017
|
|
|
14,758,600
|
|
|
|
33,087
|
|
|
|
3,057,263
|
|
|
|
208,808
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
(3,987,428
|
)
|
|
|
(688,270
|
)
|
Par value adjustment
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
(18,328
|
)
|
|
|
18,328
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Mineral
property leases contributed
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
4,285,714
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,285,714
|
|
Shares
issued for cash
|
|
|
1,569,950
|
|
|
|
1,570
|
|
|
|
783,405
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
784,975
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
|
|
3,450,000
|
|
|
|
3,450
|
|
|
|
1,721,550
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,725,000
|
|
Net
loss for the period
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
(1,561,072
|
)
|
|
|
(3,657,707
|
)
|
|
|
(5,218,779
|
)
|
Balance,
September 30, 2017
|
|
|
19,778,550
|
|
|
$
|
19,779
|
|
|
$
|
5,580,546
|
|
|
$
|
208,808
|
|
|
$
|
2,724,642
|
|
|
$
|
(7,645,135
|
)
|
|
$
|
888,640
|
|
See
accompanying notes to interim financial statements.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Six
Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
1.
|
Nature
of Operations and Going Concern
|
Gold
Torrent, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Nevada as Celldonate Inc. on August 15, 2006. Historically we were
in the business of developing mobile monetization solutions and applications. On September 10, 2013, certain shareholders, including
the Company’s current Chief Executive Officer and its President, acquired approximately 53% of the Company’s issued
and outstanding common stock resulting in a change of control. In connection with the transaction, Daniel Kunz was appointed Executive
Chairman and Ryan Hart was appointed Chief Executive Officer and President. Thereafter, the Company began to focus on acquiring
ownership in late-stage exploration to development stage gold mining projects and/or royalty or streaming interests in low capital
intensity, late-stage mining projects in North America. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015, the Company entered into
an Exploration and Option to Enter Joint Venture Agreement with a third party (Note 4).
The
Company has incurred losses since inception and has an accumulated deficit of $7,645,135 (March 31, 2017 - $3,987,428) as of September
30, 2017. As at September 30, 2017, the Company has working capital of $3,684,152 (March 31, 2017 - $906,324).
These
factors raise some doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. The Company’s continuance as a
going concern is dependent on the success of the efforts of its directors and principal stockholders in providing financial support
in the short-term, and achieving profitable operations. In the event that such resources are not secured, the assets may not be
realized or liabilities discharged at their carrying amounts, and the difference from the carrying amounts reported in these consolidated
financial statements could be material.
These
consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability
and classification of the assets or the amounts and classifications of the liabilities that may result from the inability of the
Company to continue as a going concern.
2.
|
Significant
Accounting Policies
|
|
(a)
|
Basis
of presentation
|
These
unaudited interim financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America (“US GAAP”). The Company’s functional and reporting currency is the US dollar.
These
unaudited consolidated interim financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the accounts of the Company’s
70% owned subsidiary, Alaska Gold Torrent, LLC, incorporated in the State of Alaska. For all periods presented, all significant
inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.
The
results of operations for the consolidated interim period presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected
for any subsequent quarter or for the entire year ending March 31, 2018. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally
included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP have been condensed or omitted. These unaudited consolidated
interim financial statements and notes included herein have been prepared on a basis consistent with, and should be read in conjunction
with, the Company’s audited financial statements and notes for the year ended March 31, 2017, as filed in its Form 10-K.
The
preparation of interim consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at
the date of the interim financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On
an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including, but not limited to, those related to accounts payable and accrued
liabilities, the fair value of warrants attached to common shares issued, the fair value of shares issued for services, the fair
value of stock options granted, and the recoverability of income tax assets.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Six
Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
2.
|
Significant
Accounting Policies (continued)
|
|
(b)
|
Use
of estimates (continued)
|
While
management believes the estimates used are reasonable, actual results could differ from those estimates and could impact future
results of operations and cash flows.
|
(c)
|
Basic
and diluted earnings (loss) per share
|
Basic
earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss)
per share assumes the exercise of common stock equivalents, such as stock issuable pursuant to the exercise of stock options and
warrants. However, the calculation of diluted loss per share excludes the effects of various conversions and exercise of options
and warrants that would be anti-dilutive.
|
(d)
|
Foreign
currency translation
|
Transactions
in currencies other than the US dollar are translated into US dollars at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date
for monetary assets and liabilities, and at historical exchange rates for non-monetary assets and liabilities. Expenses are translated
at the average rates for the period, except amortization, which is translated on the same basis as the related assets. Resulting
translation gains or losses are reflected in net income/loss.
|
(e)
|
Financial
instruments
|
All
financial instruments are classified as one of the following: held-to-maturity, loans and receivables, held-for-trading, available-for-sale
or other financial liabilities. Financial assets and liabilities held-for-trading are measured at fair value with gains and losses
recognized in net income. Financial assets held-to-maturity, loans and receivables, and other financial liabilities are measured
at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Available-for-sale instruments are measured at fair value with unrealized
gains and losses recognized in other comprehensive income and reported in stockholders’ equity.
A
financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant
to the fair value measurement. The Company prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:
|
(i)
Level 1 –
|
Applies
to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
|
|
|
|
|
(ii)
Level 2 –
|
Applies
to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the
asset or liability, either directly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or indirectly,
such as quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions.
|
|
|
|
|
(iii)
Level 3 –
|
Applies
to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable market data.
|
Transaction
costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial instruments that are classified as held-to-maturity,
loans and receivables or other financial liabilities are included in the initial carrying value of such instruments and amortized
using the effective interest method. Transaction costs classified as held-for-trading are expensed when incurred, while those
classified as available-for-sale are included in the initial carrying value.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Six
Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
2.
|
Significant
Accounting Policies (continued)
|
The
Company uses the asset and liability approach in its method of accounting for income taxes that requires the recognition of deferred
tax liabilities and assets for expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the
tax basis of assets and liabilities. The Company recognizes the effect of uncertain tax positions where it is more likely than
not based on technical merits that the position could be sustained where the tax benefit has a greater than 50% likelihood of
being realized upon settlement. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is recorded if based upon available evidence,
it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The
Company records all share-based payments at fair value. Where equity instruments are granted to employees, they are recorded at
the fair value of the equity instrument granted at the grant date. The grant date fair value is recognized through profit or loss
over the vesting period, described as the period during which all the vesting conditions are to be satisfied.
Where
equity instruments are granted to non-employees, they are recorded at the fair value of the goods or services received. When the
value of goods or services received in exchange for the share-based payment cannot be reliably estimated, the fair value is measured
by use of a valuation model.
At
each balance sheet date, the amount recognized as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual number of stock options expected
to vest. On the exercise of stock options, common stock is recorded for the consideration received and for the fair value amounts
previously recorded to contributed surplus. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value
of share-based payments.
|
(h)
|
Exploration
and evaluation
|
The
Company is primarily engaged in the acquisition and exploration of mining properties. Mineral property exploration costs are expensed
as incurred. Mineral property acquisition costs are initially capitalized when incurred. When the Company has determined that
a mineral property can be economically developed as a result of establishing proven and probable reserves, the costs incurred
to develop such property are capitalized. Such costs will be amortized using the units-of-production method over the estimated
life of the probable reserve. If mineral properties are subsequently abandoned or impaired, any capitalized costs will be charged
to operations.
The
Company assesses the carrying costs for impairment under ASC 360,
Property, Plant, and Equipment
at each fiscal year end.
An impairment loss is recognized when the sum of the expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount
of the mineral property. Impairment losses, if any, are measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the mineral property
over its estimated fair value.
|
(i)
|
Property,
plant and equipment
|
Property,
plant and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any. Amortization is provided
at rates and methods designed to write off cost of the assets over their estimated useful lives as follows:
Mine
and mill, buildings and equipment
|
Units-of-production
method
|
Computers
|
25%
declining balance
|
Vehicles
|
20%
declining balance
|
Furniture
and fittings
|
20%
declining balance
|
Management
reviews the amortization method, useful lives and residual values annually and accounts for any changes in estimates on a prospective
basis.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Six
Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
2.
|
Significant
Accounting Policies (continued)
|
|
(j)
|
Recent
accounting guidance adopted
|
The
Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect. These pronouncements did not have any material impact
on the financial statements unless otherwise disclosed, and the Company does not believe that there are any other new accounting
pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.
The
Company has designated its cash as held-for-trading; advances receivable as loans and receivables; and accounts payable, accrued
liabilities, and payroll liabilities as other financial liabilities.
The
fair values of the Company’s cash, advances receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and payroll liabilities approximate
their carrying values due to the short-term maturity of these instruments.
Credit
risk is the risk of potential loss to the Company if the counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual
obligations. The Company is not exposed to significant credit risk as at September 30, 2017.
The
Company’s functional currency is the US dollar. The Company translates transactions in foreign currencies into US currency
using rates on the date of the transactions. Translation risk is considered minimal, as the Company does not incur any significant
transactions in currencies other than US dollars.
The
Company is not exposed to significant interest rate risk due to the short-term maturity of its monetary current assets and liabilities.
Liquidity
risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in satisfying its financial obligations as they become due. The Company
manages its liquidity risk by forecasting cash flows from operations and anticipated investing and financing activities. At September
30, 2017, the Company had accounts payable of $644,063 (March 31, 2017 - $356,274), which are due within 30 days or less. At September
30, 2017, accrued liabilities consist of accrued accounting and legal fees of $10,000 (March 31, 2017 - $15,000), accrued interest
of $125,479 (March 31, 2017 - $25,205), accrued executive compensation of $408,107 (March 31, 2017 - $407,607), and exploration
and development costs of $Nil (March 31, 2017 - $27,761).
On
August 28, 2017, Gold Torrent, Inc. (the “Registrant”), and its subsidiary Alaska Gold Torrent, LLC, entered into
a Mining Services Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Mining & Environmental Services, LLC for development of the
Registrant’s Lucky Shot Mine, and other related mining services, including the development of the land located around the
mine. If fully completed, it is estimated the Registrant will pay approximately $4,500,000 for such services. The Agreement contains
customary representations, warranties and covenants by the parties for like transactions.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Six
Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
4.
|
Exploration,
Development and Mineral Properties
|
On
July 28, 2014, the Company entered into a non-binding Letter of Intent with a third party to negotiate and enter into a Joint
Venture Agreement for the development of the gold property known as Lucky Shot, Alaska (formerly known as “Willow Creek”).
On November 5, 2014, the Company signed an Exploration and Option to Enter Joint Venture Agreement for the Lucky Shot project
in Alaska. The Exploration and Option Agreement provides the Company with the right to earn up to 70% interest in a joint venture
with Miranda USA Inc. (“Miranda”) by making certain expenditures over the next three years totaling $10,000,000. The
principal terms of the Exploration and Option Agreement provide that the Company can earn an initial 20% interest in the Lucky
Shot gold project by incurring an initial work commitment of $1,070,000 before May 5, 2016 in costs related to exploration and
development of the project.
On
both January 15, 2015 and January 6, 2016, the Company paid $150,000 for a Lease Agreement between Miranda and a private company.
In addition, the Company is committed to paying $150,000 every year on January 15. The purpose of this lease is to afford Miranda
the opportunity to enter onto and produce minerals from certain patents and State of Alaska mining claims located in the State
of Alaska. This lease is to be vended by Miranda to the joint venture upon the Company earning its initial 20% interest. On May
25, 2016, the Company received formal notice from Miranda that the Company has acquired a permanent 20% interest in the Lucky
Shot project by virtue of meeting the initial earn-in required expenditures.
On
July 8, 2016, the Company purchased a 30-acre parcel of private, undeveloped land for $100,506 and on March 15, 2017, purchased
two buildings for $304,900 in Alaska near the Lucky Shot Project for the siting of a gold recovery plant.
On
February 13, 2017, the Company entered into a $11,250,000 gold and silver prepayment arrangement for the Lucky Shot gold project.
The Streaming Agreement provided for a closing on the first tranche of $6,250,000 upon satisfaction by the Company of certain
closing conditions.
On
June 27, 2017, the Company and the Stream Investor agreed, after the satisfaction by the Company of a majority of the Tranche
1 closing conditions, to amend certain provisions of the Streaming Agreement and concurrently close on one-half of Tranche 1 in
the amount of $3,250,000. The second half of the first tranche, also in the amount of $3,250,000, has been consummated on August
8, 2017 upon satisfaction of the final closing conditions.
The
Company has acquired a permanent 70% interest in the Lucky Shot project by virtue of meeting the earn-in required expenditures.
In addition, Miranda contributed mineral property leases valued at $4,285,714 to the Lucky Shot project.
On
August 28, 2017, the Company entered into a Mining Services Agreement with Mining & Environmental Services, LLC for development
of the Company’s Lucky Shot Mine, and other related mining services, including the development of the land located around
the mine. If fully completed, it is estimated the Company will pay approximately $4,500,000 for such services. The Agreement contains
customary representations, warranties and covenants by the parties for like transactions.
As
at September 30, 2017, mineral property interest consists of:
Mineral
property leases
|
|
$
|
4,285,714
|
|
Cumulative
Funding to Alaska Gold Torrent LLC:
As
at September 30, 2017, the Company has provided funding to Alaska Gold Torrent, LLC in the total amount of $9,886,925. This consists
of cumulative acquisition, exploration, engineering costs and capital contributions of $2,886,925 as at March 31, 2017, and $7,000,000
in additional funding during the three months ended September 30, 2017:
As
at March 31, 2017
|
|
$
|
2,886,925
|
|
Current period
funding
|
|
|
500,000
|
|
Streaming
Agreement financing
|
|
|
6,500,000
|
|
|
|
$
|
9,886,925
|
|
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Six
Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
5.
|
Property,
Plant and Equipment
|
Balance
as at September 30, 2017:
|
|
Cost
|
|
|
Amortization
|
|
|
Net
Book Value
|
|
Land
|
|
$
|
100,506
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
100,506
|
|
Buildings
|
|
|
948,732
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
948,732
|
|
Equipment
|
|
|
300,833
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
300,833
|
|
Computers
|
|
|
4,915
|
|
|
|
307
|
|
|
|
4,608
|
|
Vehicles
|
|
|
63,524
|
|
|
|
3,176
|
|
|
|
60,348
|
|
Furniture
and fittings
|
|
|
3,944
|
|
|
|
197
|
|
|
|
3,747
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,422,454
|
|
|
$
|
3,680
|
|
|
$
|
1,418,774
|
|
Accounts
payable as at September 30, 2017 includes the following:
|
●
|
$644,063
due to unrelated parties.
|
On
February 13, 2017, the Company entered into a convertible preferred note and investment agreement with two Singapore private limited
companies for a $2,000,000 convertible preferred note and a $11,250,000 gold and silver prepayment arrangement for the Company’s
Lucky Shot gold project. The Company paid $100,000 in legal expenses and used the proceeds from the note as part of the Company’s
initial investment in the project.
The
convertible preferred note bears interest at 10% per annum, is due on February 13, 2019 and secured by certain assets of the Company.
It is also convertible into 15% of the shares of common stock of the Company on a post-money basis on the earlier of: (i) a Canadian
Going Public Transaction or (ii) funding of the $11,250,000 prepayment arrangement and following an equity raise by the Company
of $5,000,000 or more (of which $2,000,000 will include the conversion of the preferred note).
Concurrent
with the closing and funding of the convertible preferred note, the Company and Miranda, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Miranda
Gold Corp. of Canada, executed a joint venture operating agreement and formed Alaska Gold Torrent, LLC, an Alaska limited liability
company under which the Company now owns a seventy percent (70%) undivided interest in the project.
On
August 8, 2017, the Company received the second payment of $3,250,000 for a total of $6,500,000 as per the Streaming Agreement
(Note 4).
8.
|
Related
Party Transactions
|
Transactions
with related parties for goods and services are based on the exchange amount as agreed to by the related parties.
Details
of related party transactions are as follows:
|
(a)
|
During
the year ended March 31, 2016, the Company signed employment agreements with three directors and officers. During the period
ended September 30, 2017, the Company incurred $242,500 (September 30, 2016 - $242,500) in consulting fees (included within
executive compensation) to these directors and officers. As at September 30, 2017, $408,107 (March 31, 2017 - $462,607) were
owing to these related parties.
|
|
(b)
|
On
February 13, 2017, the Company entered into a Gold and Silver Prepayment Agreement, and as per this agreement, the Company
signed an employment agreement with one director. A total of $54,000 (September 30, 2016 - $Nil) was paid in the period ended
September 30, 2017 as a result of the Gold and Silver Prepayment Agreement.
|
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Six
Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
The
Company operates primarily in one business segment being the identification and development of mining projects with substantially
all of its assets and operations located in the United States.
During
the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company entered into subscription agreements for the issuance of 2,040,000 shares of common
stock at a purchase price of $0.25 per share for a total amount of $510,000 in cash, and 1,890,000 shares of common stock at a
purchase price of $0.50 per share for a total amount of $945,000 in cash.
During
the period ended September 30, 2017, the Company entered into subscription agreements for the issuance of 3,450,000 bonus shares
of common stock as compensation to its current CEO, Chairman, management and technical team for $0.50 per share.
The
Company also issued 1,569,950 shares of common stock for $784,975 in cash in the period ended September 30, 2017.
The
stock options have been granted in conjunction with an Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) for employees, directors
and consultants, whereby a maximum aggregate number of common shares that may be issued under the Plan are 20,000,000 common shares.
The term of the options is determined by the Board of Directors and cannot exceed 10 years. The exercise price of the stock options
is determined by the Board of Directors, but shall not be less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant.
Stock options granted under the Plan vest over varying periods at the discretion of the Board of Directors.
The
following table summarizes historical information about the Company’s incentive stock options:
|
|
Number
of Options
|
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
|
Balance,
March 31, 2017 and 2016
|
|
|
175,000
|
|
|
$
|
1.27
|
|
Granted
|
|
|
2,175,000
|
|
|
$
|
0.50
|
|
Balance,
September 30, 2017
|
|
|
2,350,000
|
|
|
$
|
0.56
|
|
The
Company’s stock options are outstanding and exercisable as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
September
30, 2017
|
|
Expiry
date
|
|
Exercise
price
|
|
|
Options
outstanding
|
|
|
Options
exercisable
|
|
July
30, 2019
|
|
$
|
1.25
|
|
|
|
150,000
|
|
|
|
150,000
|
|
July
30, 2019
|
|
|
1.38
|
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
March
23, 2022
|
|
|
0.55
|
|
|
|
400,000
|
|
|
|
135,000
|
|
March
23, 2022
|
|
|
0.50
|
|
|
|
1,775,000
|
|
|
|
591,666
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,350,000
|
|
|
|
901,666
|
|
During
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017, the Company did not grant any stock options.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Notes
to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Six
Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
11.
|
Stock
Options (continued)
|
In
April 2017, the Board approved a new grant of up to 3,000,000 exercisable at $0.50 per share options to the directors, officers,
employees, and advisors; the total amount of options granted was 2,175,000 exercisable at $0.50 per share under the terms of the
2016 Stock Option and Bonus Plan.
On
October 19, 2017, Gold Torrent, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger
Agreement”) with Gold Torrent (Canada) Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company organized under the laws of the Province
of British Columbia, Canada (“Gold Torrent Canada”) and GTOR US Merger Co, a Nevada corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary
of Gold Torrent Canada (“US Merger Co”). Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the parties would effect a
merger transaction that will effectively change the jurisdiction of incorporation of the corporate parent from Nevada to British
Columbia, Canada (the “Redomicile Transaction”).
Pursuant
to the terms of the Merger Agreement, US Merger Co. will be merged with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the
surviving corporation, and each share of Company common stock outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the Redomicile
Transaction will be cancelled and converted into the right to receive one common share of Gold Torrent Canada. At the effective
time of the Redomicile Transaction and pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, all outstanding options to purchase shares
of the Company’s common stock, all outstanding shares of restricted stock, and all other equity-based awards granted to
employees and directors of the Company or any of its subsidiaries under the Company’s equity incentive plans prior to the
effective time of the Redomicile Transaction will entitle the holder to purchase or receive, or receive benefits or amounts based
on, as applicable, an equal number of common shares in Gold Torrent Canada. All such equity-based awards will generally be subject
to the same terms and conditions as were applicable to such awards immediately prior to the effective time of the Redomicile Transaction.
The
consummation of the Redomicile Transaction will be conditioned on (1) the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares
of the Company’s common stock entitled to vote on the adoption of the Merger Agreement, (2) the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the “SEC”) declaring effective a registration statement registering the distribution of common shares
of Gold Torrent Canada in the Redomicile Transaction filed by Gold Torrent Canada on Form S-4 under the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, and (4) other customary conditions.
The
Company evaluates events that have occurred after the balance sheet date, but before the financial statements are issued. Based
upon the evaluation, other than what is described above, the Company did not identify any recognized or non-recognized subsequent
events that would have required further adjustments or disclosures in the financial statements.
13.
|
Restatement
and Correction of Error
|
The
Company concluded that the consolidated balance sheet, and related consolidated statements of operations, cash flows, and stockholders’
equity (deficiency) included in Form 10-Q Quarterly Report, dated November 14, 2017 included certain erroneously capitalized development
costs that should have been expensed. In connection with this, the financial statements for the Quarterly Report as of September
30, 2017 have been restated to account for the reduction of the previously capitalized development costs and the corresponding
expensing of those costs as a correction of error. Management considered the impact to the current and past financial statements
and determined that a restatement was the most appropriate recognition of the adjustment so as not to mislead readers of the financial
statements regarding the current quarter’s results of operations.
The
following adjustments were made to the September 30, 2017 restated financial statements:
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Interim
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
|
|
As
Previously Reported
September
30, 2017
|
|
|
Adjustment
|
|
|
As
Restated
September
30, 2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
|
$
|
4,001,294
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
4,001,294
|
|
Advances
receivable
|
|
|
651,110
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
651,111
|
|
Receivables
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
229,041
|
|
|
|
229,041
|
|
Prepaids
and deposits
|
|
|
76,739
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
76,739
|
|
|
|
|
4,729,143
|
|
|
|
229,042
|
|
|
|
4,958,185
|
|
Long
Term Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mineral
property interest
|
|
|
4,285,714
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
4,285,714
|
|
Property,
plant and equipment
|
|
|
3,860,603
|
|
|
|
(2,441,829
|
)
|
|
|
1,418,774
|
|
|
|
|
8,146,317
|
|
|
|
(2,441,829
|
)
|
|
|
5,704,488
|
|
Total
Assets
|
|
$
|
12,875,460
|
|
|
$
|
(2,212,787
|
)
|
|
$
|
10,662,673
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
$
|
644,063
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
644,063
|
|
Accrued
liabilities
|
|
|
543,586
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
543,586
|
|
Payroll
liabilities
|
|
|
86,384
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
86,384
|
|
|
|
|
1,274,033
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,274,033
|
|
Long
Term Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
debt
|
|
|
8,500,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
8,500,000
|
|
Total
Liabilities
|
|
|
9,774,033
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
9,774,033
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders’
Equity (Deficiency)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common
Stock
|
|
|
19,779
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
19,779
|
|
Additional
Paid-in Capital
|
|
|
5,580,546
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
5,580,546
|
|
Contributed
Surplus
|
|
|
208,808
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
208,808
|
|
Non-controlling
Interest
|
|
|
3,993,370
|
|
|
|
(1,268,728
|
)
|
|
|
2,724,642
|
|
Deficit
|
|
|
(6,701,076
|
)
|
|
|
(944,059
|
)
|
|
|
(7,645,135
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)
|
|
|
3,101,427
|
|
|
|
(2,212,787
|
)
|
|
|
888,640
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency)
|
|
$
|
12,875,460
|
|
|
$
|
(2,212,787
|
)
|
|
$
|
10,662,673
|
|
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Interim
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
|
|
As
Previously Reported for the Three
Months
Ended
September
30, 2017
|
|
|
Adjustment
|
|
|
As
Restated
for
the Three
Months
Ended
September
30, 2017
|
|
|
As
Previously Reported
for the Six
Months
Ended
September
30, 2017
|
|
|
Adjustment
|
|
|
As
Restated
for
the Six
Months
Ended
September
30, 2017
|
|
Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounting
and legal
|
|
$
|
93,889
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
93,889
|
|
|
$
|
174,321
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
174,321
|
|
Advertising
and promotion
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
12,049
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
12,049
|
|
Bank
charges and interest
|
|
|
465
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
465
|
|
|
|
793
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
793
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
1,942
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,942
|
|
|
|
3,681
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
3,681
|
|
Executive
compensation and payroll
|
|
|
391,940
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
391,940
|
|
|
|
754,916
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
754,916
|
|
Development
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,898,073
|
|
|
|
1,898,073
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
2,212,787
|
|
|
|
2,212,787
|
|
Insurance
|
|
|
115,543
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
115,543
|
|
|
|
214,148
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
214,148
|
|
Licenses
and fees
|
|
|
6,013
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
6,013
|
|
|
|
11,691
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
11,691
|
|
Office
|
|
|
30,433
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
30,433
|
|
|
|
70,851
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
70,851
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,725,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,725,000
|
|
Travel
and transport
|
|
|
14,105
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
14,105
|
|
|
|
38,542
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
38,542
|
|
Net
Loss and Comprehensive Loss for the Period
|
|
$
|
(654,330
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1,898,073
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,552,403
|
)
|
|
$
|
(3,005,992
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,212,787
|
)
|
|
$
|
(5,218,779
|
)
|
Attributed
to non-controlling interest
|
|
$
|
(161,089
|
)
|
|
$
|
(569,421
|
)
|
|
$
|
(730,510
|
)
|
|
$
|
(292,344
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1,268,728
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1,561,072
|
)
|
Attributed
to stockholders of the company
|
|
$
|
(493,241
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1,328,652
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1,821,893
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,713,648
|
)
|
|
$
|
(944,059
|
)
|
|
$
|
(3,657,707
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average
number of common shares outstanding
|
|
|
18,977,811
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
18,977,811
|
|
|
|
18,574,997
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
18,574,997
|
|
Basic
and diluted loss per share
|
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.07
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.10
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.15
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.05
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.20
|
)
|
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
Interim
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited
- Expressed in US dollars)
|
|
As
Previously Reported
for
the Six
Months
Ended
September
30, 2017
|
|
|
Adjustment
|
|
|
As
Restated for the Six
Months
Ended
September
30, 2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Flow from Operating Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
loss for the period
|
|
$
|
(3,005,992
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,212,787
|
)
|
|
$
|
(5,218,779
|
)
|
Items
not involving cash:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share-based
payments
|
|
|
1,725,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,725,000
|
|
Amortization
|
|
|
3,681
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
3,681
|
|
Changes
in non-cash working capital items:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Advances
receivable
|
|
|
(651,110
|
)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
(651,111
|
)
|
Prepaids
and deposits
|
|
|
76,748
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
76,748
|
|
Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities
|
|
|
355,802
|
|
|
|
(229,010
|
)
|
|
|
126,792
|
|
Payroll
liabilities
|
|
|
86,384
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
86,384
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Used in Operating Activities
|
|
|
(1,409,487
|
)
|
|
|
(2,441,798
|
)
|
|
|
(3,851,285
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Flow from Investing Activity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase
of property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
(3,458,878
|
)
|
|
|
2,441,798
|
|
|
|
(1,017,080
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
used in Investing Activity
|
|
|
(3,458,878
|
)
|
|
|
2,441,798
|
|
|
|
(1,017,080
|
)
|
Cash
Flow from Financing Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds
from issuance of common stock
|
|
|
784,975
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
784,975
|
|
Proceeds
from long-term debt
|
|
|
6,500,000
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
6,500,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
provided by Financing Activities
|
|
|
7,284,975
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
7,284,975
|
|
Increase
in Cash
|
|
|
2,416,610
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
2,416,610
|
|
Cash,
Beginning of Period
|
|
|
1,584,684
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1,584,684
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash,
End of Period
|
|
$
|
4,001,294
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
4,001,294
|
|
ANNEX
A
Merger
Agreement
AGREEMENT
AND PLAN OF MERGER
This
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this “
Agreement
”) is entered into as of October 19, 2017, by and among
Gold Torrent, Inc., a Nevada corporation (
“
GOTR US”
), Gold Torrent (Canada) Inc. a corporation organized
under the laws of British Columbia, Canada and wholly owned subsidiary of GTOR US (“
GTOR Canada
”), and
GTOR US Merger Co, a Nevada corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of GTOR Canada (“
US Merger Co
”).
RECITALS:
1.
The Boards of Directors of each of GTOR US, GTOR Canada and US Merger Co have unanimously determined that it is advisable and
in the best interests of their respective shareholders to reorganize so that GTOR Canada will become the parent company of GTOR
US as a result of the merger of US Merger Co with and into GTOR US, with GTOR US surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of GTOR
Canada (the “
Merger
”).
2.
The Boards of Directors of each of GTOR US, GTOR Canada and US Merger Co have unanimously approved the Merger, this Agreement
and, to the extent applicable, the other transactions described herein upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth
in this Agreement, and whereby each issued share of common stock, par value US $0.001 per share, of GTOR US (“
GTOR
US Common Stock
”), other than those shares of GTOR US Common Stock held by GTOR US in treasury, shall be effectively
converted into shares in GTOR Canada whereby shareholders of GTOR US will receive one common share in the capital of GTOR Canada
(a “
GTOR Canada Common Share
”) for each share of GTOR US Common Stock outstanding.
3.
The Merger requires, among other things, the adoption of this Agreement by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding
shares of GTOR US Common Stock entitled to vote on the matter.
4.
The parties to this Agreement intend that the Merger qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “
Code
”), and that this Agreement shall be, and
hereby is, adopted as a “plan of reorganization” for purposes of Section 368(a) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations
promulgated thereunder.
NOW
THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and of the covenants and agreements contained herein, and of other good and valuable
consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE
I
THE
MERGER
SECTION
1.1 The Merger.
Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement, and in accordance with Tile 7, Chapter 98
– Private Corporations of the 2010 Nevada Code (the “Nevada Corporations Code”) at the Effective Time (as defined
in Section 1.2), US Merger Co shall be merged with and into GTOR US, the separate corporate existence of US Merger Co shall thereupon
cease and GTOR US shall continue as the surviving corporation in the Merger (sometimes hereinafter referred to as the “
Surviving
Corporation
”). The Merger shall have the effects set forth in the Nevada Corporations Code.
SECTION
1.2 Filing Certificate of Merger; Effective Time.
As soon as practicable following the satisfaction or, to the extent permitted
by applicable law, waiver of the conditions set forth in Article V, if this Agreement shall not have been terminated prior thereto
as provided in Section 6.1, US Merger Co and GTOR US shall cause a certificate of merger (the “
Certificate of Merger
”)
meeting the requirements of Section 92A.200 of the Nevada Corporations Code to be properly executed and filed in accordance with
such section and otherwise make all other filings or recordings as required by the Nevada Corporations Code in connection with
the Merger. The Merger shall become effective at such time that GTOR US shall have designated in the Certificate of Merger as
the effective time of the Merger (the “
Effective Time
”).
ARTICLE
II
CHARTER
DOCUMENTS,
DIRECTORS
AND OFFICERS
SECTION
2.1 Articles of Incorporation of Surviving Corporation.
The Articles of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall be
the Articles of Incorporation of US Merger Co in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time. Article I of the Articles of
Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows: “The name of
the corporation is Gold Torrent Inc.” Such Articles of Incorporation shall thereafter continue to be the Articles of Incorporation
of the Surviving Corporation until amended as provided therein and under the Nevada Corporations Code.
SECTION
2.2 Bylaws of Surviving Corporation.
From and after the Effective Time, the Bylaws of US Merger Co in effect immediately prior
to the Effective Time shall be the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation, until duly amended in accordance with applicable law.
SECTION
2.3 Directors of Surviving Corporation.
From and after the Effective Time, the directors of US Merger Co immediately prior
to the Effective Time shall be the directors of the Surviving Corporation, each such director to serve in such capacity until
his or her earlier death, resignation or removal or until his or her successor is duly elected or appointed.
SECTION
2.4 Officers of Surviving Corporation.
From and after the Effective Time, the officers of GTOR US immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall be the officers of the Surviving Corporation, each such officer to serve in such capacity until his or her
earlier death, resignation or removal or until his or her successor is duly elected or appointed.
SECTION
2.5 Directors and Officers of GTOR Canada.
Prior to the Effective Time, GTOR US, in its capacity as the sole shareholder of
GTOR Canada, agrees to take or cause to be taken all such actions as are necessary to cause those persons serving as the directors
and officers of GTOR US immediately prior to the Effective Time to be elected or appointed as the directors and officers of GTOR
Canada (to the extent the officers and directors of GTOR Canada and GTOR US are not already identical), each such person to have
the same office(s) with GTOR Canada (and the same classes and committee memberships in the case of directors) as he or she held
with GTOR US, with the directors of each class to serve until the next meeting of the GTOR Canada shareholders at which an election
of directors of such class is required or until their successors are elected or appointed (or their earlier death, disability
or retirement).
ARTICLE
III
CANCELLATION
AND CONVERSION
OF
STOCK
SECTION
3.1 Effect on Capital Stock.
At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder
of any shares of either GTOR US, GTOR Canada or US Merger Co:
(a)
Cancellation of GTOR US Stock
. Each issued share of GTOR US Common Stock that is owned immediately prior to the Effective
Time by GTOR US as a treasury share or by GTOR Canada, US Merger Co or any subsidiary of GTOR US shall automatically be cancelled
and retired and shall cease to exist, and no consideration shall be delivered or deliverable in connection with such cancellation.
(b)
Conversion of Remaining GTOR US Shares
. Exception for GTOR Common Shares subject to properly executed dissenters rights
outlined in Section 3.3 below, each issued and outstanding share of GTOR US Common Stock (other than the shares of GTOR US Common
Stock to be cancelled in accordance with Section 3.1(a)) shall be effectively transferred to GTOR Canada and converted into one
validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable GTOR Canada Common Share. GTOR Canada shall add to the stated capital account maintained
for the GTOR Canada Common Shares an amount equal to the fair market value of the GTOR US Common Stock so transferred and converted
into GTOR Canada Common Shares.
(c)
Conversion of US Merger Co Capital Stock
. Each issued and outstanding share of common stock, par value US $0.01 per share,
of US Merger Co shall be converted into one validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, par value US $0.01
per share, of the Surviving Corporation.
(d)
Stock-Based Compensation Plans
. GTOR US shall assign, and GTOR Canada shall assume, GTOR US’s rights and obligations
under the stock-based benefit and compensation plans and programs and agreements providing for the grant or award of restricted
stock, stock units, stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance shares, performance units, dividend equivalent rights,
and share awards to the employees and directors of GTOR US and its affiliates (collectively, the “
Stock Plans
”)
in accordance with Article IV of this Agreement. To the extent a Stock Plan provides for awards of incentive stock options pursuant
to Section 422 of the Code, approval of such plan by GTOR US, as the sole stockholder of GTOR Canada, shall to the extent necessary
be deemed, as of the Effective Time, to constitute GTOR Canada’s shareholder approval for purposes of Section 422(b) of
the Code. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing shall prohibit GTOR Canada from requiring its subsidiaries, including GTOR US, to
reimburse GTOR Canada for the costs of equity compensation issued to the applicable subsidiary’s employees pursuant to the
Stock Plans.
SECTION
3.2 Direct Registration of GTOR Canada Shares.
(a)
At the Effective Time, (i) record ownership of the GTOR Canada Common Shares into which the issued and outstanding shares of GTOR
US Common Stock were converted in accordance with Section 3.1(b) shall, except as provided in clause (ii), be kept in uncertificated,
book entry form by GTOR Canada’s transfer agent, and (ii) any certificate representing such shares of GTOR US Common Stock
shall automatically represent the same number of GTOR Canada Common Shares.
(b)
At the Effective Time, holders of GTOR US Common Stock will cease to be, and will have no rights as, stockholders of GTOR US,
other than the right to receive: (i) any dividend or other distribution with a record date prior to the Effective Time that may
have been declared or made by GTOR US on such shares of GTOR US Common Stock in accordance with the terms of this Agreement or
prior to the date of this Agreement and that remain unpaid at the Effective Time; and (ii) the GTOR Canada Common Shares pursuant
to Section 3.1(b). At the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of GTOR US shall be closed and from and after the Effective
Time, there shall be no further registration of transfers on the stock transfer books of the Surviving Corporation of the shares
of GTOR US Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time.
SECTION
3.3 Dissenters’ Rights.
Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, if any shares of GTOR
US Common Stock held by a shareholder who is entitled to demand, and who has effectively demanded and not withdrawn or lost, such
shareholder’s dissenters’ rights under the Nevada Corporations Code (the “
Dissenting Shares
”)
shall not be converted into or represent a right to receive any GTOR Canada Common Shares for such shareholder’s shares
of GTOR US Common Stock set forth in Section 3.1, but in lieu thereof, such shareholder shall only be entitled to such consideration
from GTOR US as is provided by the Nevada Corporations Code. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 3.3, if any holder
of Dissenting Shares shall effectively withdraw or lose (through failure to perfect or otherwise) such holder’s dissenters’
rights under the Nevada Corporations Code, then, as of the later of the Effective Time and the occurrence of such event, such
holder’s shares shall automatically be converted into and represent only the right to receive the consideration for GTOR
US Common Stock, as applicable, set forth in Section 3.1, without interest thereon.
ARTICLE
IV
EMPLOYEE
BENEFIT AND COMPENSATION PLANS AND AGREEMENTS
(a)
At the Effective Time, GTOR US shall assign and GTOR Canada shall assume the rights and obligations of GTOR US under each Stock
Plan listed on
Exhibit A
(the “
Assumed Equity Plans
”).
(b)
To the extent any Stock Plan or any applicable agreement relating thereto provides for the issuance, delivery or purchase of,
or otherwise relates to, GTOR US Common Stock, from and after the Effective Time, such Stock Plan or applicable agreement shall
be deemed to have been amended to provide for the issuance, delivery or purchase of, or otherwise relate to, GTOR Canada Common
Shares, and all options or awards issued, or benefits available or based upon the value of a specified number of shares of GTOR
US Common Stock, under such Stock Plan after the Effective Time shall entitle the holder thereof to purchase, receive, acquire,
hold or realize the benefits measured by the value of, as appropriate, an equivalent number of GTOR Canada Common Shares in accordance
with the terms of such Stock Plan and any applicable agreement relating thereto. The outstanding options or other awards or benefits
available under the terms of the Stock Plans at and following the Effective Time shall, to the extent permitted by law and otherwise
reasonably practicable, otherwise be exercisable, payable, issuable or available upon the same terms and conditions as under such
Stock Plans and the agreements relating thereto immediately prior to the Effective Time (including, for greater certainty, having
the same option exercise or measurement price). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the number of GTOR Canada Common Shares issuable
or available upon the exercise, payment, issuance or availability of such option, award or benefit immediately after the Effective
Time, and the option exercise or measurement price of each such option, award or benefit, shall be subject to adjustment by GTOR
Canada only to the extent necessary to ensure that the spread between the exercise price and fair market value of the shares subject
to the option or stock appreciation right, and for other awards the fair market value of such awards or benefits, is no more after
the Effective Time as compared to immediately prior to the Effective Time. The foregoing adjustments shall be made in accordance
with applicable law (and administrative practice of applicable governmental authorities), including but not limited to Section
409A of the Code and the U.S. Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, Subsection 7(1.4) of the Income Tax Act (Canada) (the
“
Canadian Tax Act
”), or Regulation 6801(d) of the regulations promulgated under the Canada Tax Act,
to the extent such provisions are applicable to an option, award, or benefit. Other than as set forth above, the Merger will not
affect the underlying terms or conditions of any outstanding equity awards, which shall remain subject to their original terms
and conditions.
(c)
At the Effective Time, the obligations of GTOR US under or with respect to each plan, trust, agreement, program or benefit listed
on
Exhibit B
(collectively, the “
Assumed Benefit Plans
” and, together with the Assumed Equity
Plans, the “
Assumed Plans
”) shall become the lawful obligations of GTOR Canada and shall be implemented
and administered in the same manner and without interruption until the same are amended or otherwise lawfully altered or terminated.
Effective at the Effective Time, GTOR Canada hereby expressly adopts and assumes all obligations of GTOR US under the Assumed
Benefit Plans.
(d)
Such amendments or other actions that are deemed necessary or appropriate by GTOR US and GTOR Canada to effect the Merger, including
to facilitate the assumption by GTOR Canada of the Assumed Plans, and any other amendments or actions that GTOR US and GTOR Canada
shall deem advisable, shall be adopted and entered into with respect to the Assumed Plans.
ARTICLE
V
CONDITIONS
PRECEDENT
The
respective obligations of each party to effect the Merger are subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the following conditions:
(a)
The registration statement on Form S-4 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission by GTOR Canada (the “
Registration
Statement
”) in connection with the offer and issuance of the GTOR Canada Common Shares to be issued pursuant to
the Merger shall have become effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and no stop order with respect thereto shall
be in effect.
(b)
This Agreement shall have been adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of GTOR US Common Stock
entitled to vote on the matter.
(c)
None of the parties hereto shall be subject to any decree, order or injunction of any court of competent jurisdiction, whether
in the U.S., Canada or any other country, that prohibits the consummation of the Merger.
(d)
Other than the filing of the Certificate of Merger provided for under Article I, all material consents and authorizations of,
filings or registrations with, and notices to, any governmental or regulatory authority required to consummate the Merger and
the other transactions contemplated hereby, including without limitation any filings required under (i) applicable U.S. state
securities and “Blue Sky” laws and (ii) applicable Canadian provincial securities laws, shall have been obtained or
made.
(e)
All consents of any third party required to consummate the Merger have been obtained.
ARTICLE
VI
TERMINATION,
AMENDMENT AND WAIVER
SECTION
6.1 Termination.
This Agreement may be terminated and the Merger abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time, whether
before or after adoption of this Agreement by the stockholders of GTOR US, by action of the Board of Directors of GTOR US.
SECTION
6.2 Effect of Termination.
In the event of termination of this Agreement as provided in Section 6.1, this Agreement shall
forthwith become void and have no effect, without any liability or obligation on the part of GTOR US, GTOR Canada or US Merger
Co.
SECTION
6.3 Amendment.
This Agreement may be amended by the parties hereto at any time before or after any required approval or adoption
by the stockholders of GTOR US of this Agreement or matters presented in connection with this Agreement; provided, however, that
after any such approval or adoption, there shall be made no amendment requiring further approval or adoption by such stockholders
under applicable law until such further approval or adoption is obtained. This Agreement may not be amended except by an instrument
in writing signed on behalf of each of the parties hereto.
SECTION
6.4 Waiver.
At any time prior to the Effective Time, to the extent permitted by applicable law, the parties may waive compliance
with any of the agreements or covenants contained in this Agreement, or may waive any of the conditions to consummation of the
Merger contained in this Agreement. Any agreement on the part of a party to any such waiver shall be valid only if set forth in
an instrument in writing signed on behalf of such party. The failure of any party to this Agreement to assert any of its rights
under this Agreement or otherwise shall not constitute a waiver of such rights.
ARTICLE
VII
COVENANTS
SECTION
7.1 Rule 16b-3 Approval.
GTOR US, GTOR Canada and US Merger Co shall take all such actions as may reasonably be required to
cause the transactions contemplated by Section 3.1, Article IV and any other dispositions of GTOR US equity securities (including
derivative securities) or acquisitions of GTOR Canada equity securities (including derivative securities) in connection with this
Agreement and the Merger by each individual who (i) is a director or officer of GTOR US, or (ii) at the Effective Time, is or
will become a director or officer of GTOR Canada, to be exempt under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended.
SECTION
7.2 US Merger Co Shareholder Vote.
By its execution and delivery of this Agreement, GTOR Canada is hereby adopting this Agreement
and approving the Merger as the sole stockholder of US Merger Co.
SECTION
7.3 Tax Reporting
. Neither GTOR US, GTOR Canada nor US Merger Co has taken or will take any action or has failed to take or
will fail to take any action, either before or after the Effective Time, that would cause the Merger to fail to qualify as a “reorganization”
within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code. GTOR US, GTOR Canada and US Merger Co will not take any position on any federal,
state, local or non-U.S. tax return, or take any other tax reporting position, that is inconsistent with the treatment of the
Merger as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
SECTION
7.4 Further Assurances.
Each of GTOR US, US Merger Co and GTOR Canada shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to take,
or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, all things necessary or reasonably appropriate to consummate
and make effective, in the most expeditious manner practicable, the Merger and the other transactions provided for herein.
ARTICLE
VIII
GENERAL
PROVISIONS
SECTION
8.1 Assignment; Binding Effect; Benefit.
Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder
shall be assigned by any of the parties hereto (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the prior written consent of
the other parties. Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the
parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary,
nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, is intended to confer on any person other than the parties hereto or their respective
successors and assigns any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement.
SECTION
8.2 Entire Agreement.
This Agreement and any documents delivered by the parties in connection herewith constitute the entire
agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings among
the parties with respect thereto.
SECTION
8.3 Governing Law.
This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Nevada without
regard to its rules of conflict of laws that would apply any other law.
SECTION
8.4 Counterparts.
This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed
and delivered shall be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Each counterpart
may consist of a number of copies hereof, each signed by less than all, but together signed by all of the parties hereto.
SECTION
8.5 Headings.
Headings of the Articles and Sections of this Agreement are for the convenience of the parties only and shall
be given no substantive or interpretative effect whatsoever.
SECTION
8.6 Severability.
If any provision of this Agreement is determined by any court or arbitrator of competent jurisdiction to
be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such provision will be enforced to the maximum extent possible given the
intent of the parties hereto. If such clause or provision cannot be so enforced, such provision shall be stricken from this Agreement
and the remainder of this Agreement shall be enforced as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable clause or provision had (to
the extent not enforceable) never been contained in this Agreement.
[REMAINDER
OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, GTOR US, GTOR Canada and US Merger Co have caused this Agreement to be signed by their respective officers thereunto
duly authorized, all as of the date first written above.
|
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
a
Nevada corporation
|
|
|
|
|
By:
|
/s/
Daniel Kunz
|
|
Name:
|
Daniel
Kunz
|
|
Title:
|
Chief
Executive Officer
|
|
|
|
|
GTOR
US MERGER CO,
a
Nevada corporation
|
|
|
|
|
By:
|
/s/
Ryan Hart
|
|
Name:
|
Ryan
Hart
|
|
Title:
|
President
|
|
|
|
|
GOLD
TORRENT (CANADA) INC.
a
British Columbia, Canada corporation
|
|
|
|
|
By:
|
/s/
Ryan Hart
|
|
Name:
|
Ryan
Hart
|
|
Title:
|
President
and Chief Executive Officer
|
[Signature
Page to Agreement and Plan of Merger]
EXHIBIT
A
ASSUMED
EQUITY PLANS
GOLD
TORRENT, INC. 2013 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
GOLD
TORRENT, INC. 2016 STOCK OPTION AND STOCK BONUS PLAN
EXHIBIT
B
ASSUMED
BENEFIT PLANS
None
ANNEX
B
Articles
and Notice of Articles of Gold Torrent Canada
Incorporation
number:
Gold
Torrent (Canada) Inc.
(the “
Company
”)
The
Company has as its articles the following articles.
Full
name and signature of each incorporator
|
Date
of signing
|
_______________________________
WARREN BEIL
|
June
12, 2017
|
ARTICLES
In
these Articles, unless the context otherwise requires:
(1)
|
“appropriate
person” has the meaning assigned in the
Securities Transfer Act
;
|
|
|
(2)
|
“board
of directors”, “directors” and “board” mean the directors or sole director of the Company for
the time being;
|
|
|
(3)
|
“
Business
Corporations Act
” means the
Business Corporations Act
(British Columbia) from time to time in force and all
amendments thereto and includes all regulations and amendments thereto made pursuant to that Act;
|
|
|
(4)
|
“
Interpretation
Act
” means the
Interpretation Act
(British Columbia) from time to time in force and all amendments thereto
and includes all regulations and amendments thereto made pursuant to that Act;
|
|
|
(5)
|
“legal
personal representative” means the personal or other legal representative of a shareholder;
|
|
|
(6)
|
“protected
purchaser” has the meaning assigned in the
Securities Transfer Act
;
|
|
|
(7)
|
“registered
address” of a shareholder means the shareholder’s address as recorded in the central securities register;
|
|
|
(8)
|
“seal”
means the seal of the Company, if any;
|
|
|
(9)
|
“securities
legislation” means statutes concerning the regulation of securities markets and trading in securities and the regulations,
rules, forms and schedules under those statutes, all as amended from time to time, and the blanket rulings and orders, as
amended from time to time, issued by the securities commissions or similar regulatory authorities appointed under or pursuant
to those statutes; “Canadian securities legislation” means the securities legislation in any province or territory
of Canada and includes the
Securities Act
(British Columbia); and “U.S. securities legislation” means the
securities legislation in the federal jurisdiction of the United States and in any state of the United States and includes
the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934;
|
|
|
(10)
|
“
Securities
Transfer Act
” means the
Securities Transfer Act
(British Columbia) from time to time in force and all amendments
thereto and includes all regulations and amendments thereto made pursuant to that Act.
|
1.2
|
Business
Corporations Act
and
Interpretation Act
Definitions Applicable
|
The
definitions in the
Business Corporations Act
and the definitions and rules of construction in the
Interpretation Act
,
with the necessary changes, so far as applicable, and unless the context requires otherwise, apply to these Articles as if they
were an enactment. If there is a conflict between a definition in the
Business Corporations Act
and a definition or rule
in the
Interpretation Act
relating to a term used in these Articles, the definition in the
Business Corporations Act
will prevail in relation to the use of the term in these Articles. If there is a conflict or inconsistency between these Articles
and the
Business Corporations Act
, the
Business Corporations Act
will prevail.
2.
|
Shares
and Share Certificates
|
2.1
|
Authorized
Share Structure
|
The
authorized share structure of the Company consists of shares of the class or classes and series, if any, described in the Notice
of Articles of the Company.
2.2
|
Form
of Share Certificate
|
Each
share certificate issued by the Company must comply with, and be signed as required by, the
Business Corporations Act
.
2.3
|
Shareholder
Entitled to Certificate or Acknowledgment
|
Unless
the shares of which the shareholder is the registered owner are uncertificated shares, each shareholder is entitled, without charge,
to (a) one share certificate representing the shares of each class or series of shares registered in the shareholder’s name
or (b) a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder’s right to obtain such a share certificate, provided
that in respect of a share held jointly by several persons, the Company is not bound to issue more than one share certificate
or acknowledgment and delivery of a share certificate or an acknowledgment to one of several joint shareholders or to a duly authorized
agent of one of the joint shareholders will be sufficient delivery to all.
Any
share certificate or non-transferable written acknowledgment of a shareholder’s right to obtain a share certificate may
be sent to the shareholder by mail at the shareholder’s registered address and neither the Company nor any director, officer
or agent of the Company is liable for any loss to the shareholder because the share certificate or acknowledgement is lost in
the mail or stolen.
2.5
|
Replacement
of Worn Out or Defaced Certificate or Acknowledgement
|
If
the directors are satisfied that a share certificate or a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder’s right
to obtain a share certificate is worn out or defaced, they must, on production to them of the share certificate or acknowledgment,
as the case may be, and on such other terms, if any, as they think fit:
(1)
|
order
the share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, to be cancelled; and
|
|
|
(2)
|
issue
a replacement share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be.
|
|
|
2.6
|
Replacement
of Lost, Destroyed or Wrongfully Taken Certificate
|
If
a person entitled to a share certificate claims that the share certificate has been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, the Company
must issue a new share certificate, if that person:
(1)
|
so
requests before the Company has notice that the share certificate has been acquired by a protected purchaser;
|
(2)
|
provides
the Company with an indemnity bond sufficient in the Company’s judgment to protect the Company from any loss that the
Company may suffer by issuing a new certificate; and
|
|
|
(3)
|
satisfies
any other reasonable requirements imposed by the directors.
|
A
person entitled to a share certificate may not assert against the Company a claim for a new share certificate where a share certificate
has been lost, apparently destroyed or wrongfully taken if that person fails to notify the Company of that fact within a reasonable
time after that person has notice of it and the Company registers a transfer of the shares represented by the certificate before
receiving a notice of the loss, apparent destruction or wrongful taking of the share certificate.
2.7
|
Recovery
of New Share Certificate
|
If,
after the issue of a new share certificate, a protected purchaser of the original share certificate presents the original share
certificate for the registration of transfer, then in addition to any rights on the indemnity bond, the Company may recover the
new share certificate from a person to whom it was issued or any person taking under that person other than a protected purchaser.
2.8
|
Splitting
Share Certificates
|
If
a shareholder surrenders a share certificate to the Company with a written request that the Company issue in the shareholder’s
name two or more share certificates, each representing a specified number of shares and in the aggregate representing the same
number of shares as represented by the share certificate so surrendered, the Company must cancel the surrendered share certificate
and issue replacement share certificates in accordance with that request.
There
must be paid to the Company, in relation to the issue of any share certificate under Articles 2.5, 2.6 or 2.8, the amount, if
any and which must not exceed the amount prescribed under the
Business Corporations Act
, determined by the directors.
2.10
|
Recognition
of Trusts
|
Except
as required by law or statute or these Articles, no person will be recognized by the Company as holding any share upon any trust,
and the Company is not bound by or compelled in any way to recognize (even when having notice thereof) any equitable, contingent,
future or partial interest in any share or fraction of a share or (except as required by law or statute or these Articles or as
ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction) any other rights in respect of any share except an absolute right to the entirety
thereof in the shareholder.
Subject
to the
Business Corporations Act
and the rights, if any, of the holders of issued shares of the Company, the Company may
issue, allot, sell or otherwise dispose of the unissued shares, and issued shares held by the Company, at the times, to the persons,
including directors, in the manner, on the terms and conditions and for the issue prices (including any premium at which shares
with par value may be issued) that the directors may determine. The issue price for a share with par value must be equal to or
greater than the par value of the share.
3.2
|
Commissions
and Discounts
|
The
Company may at any time pay a reasonable commission or allow a reasonable discount to any person in consideration of that person
purchasing or agreeing to purchase shares of the Company from the Company or any other person or procuring or agreeing to procure
purchasers for shares of the Company.
The
Company may pay such brokerage fee or other consideration as may be lawful for or in connection with the sale or placement of
its securities.
Except
as provided for by the
Business Corporations Act
, no share may be issued until it is fully paid. A share is fully paid
when:
(1)
|
consideration
is provided to the Company for the issue of the share by one or more of the following:
|
|
(a)
|
past
services performed for the Company;
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
property;
|
|
|
|
|
(c)
|
money;
and
|
(2)
|
the
value of the consideration received by the Company equals or exceeds the issue price set for the share under Article 3.1.
|
|
|
3.5
|
Share
Purchase Warrants and Rights
|
Subject
to the
Business Corporations Act
, the Company may issue share purchase warrants, options and rights upon such terms and
conditions as the directors determine, which share purchase warrants, options and rights may be issued alone or in conjunction
with debentures, debenture stock, bonds, shares or any other securities issued or created by the Company from time to time.
4.1
|
Central
Securities Register
|
As
required by and subject to the
Business Corporations Act
, the Company must maintain a central securities register. The
directors may, subject to the
Business Corporations Act
, appoint an agent to maintain the central securities register.
The directors may also appoint one or more agents, including the agent which keeps the central securities register, as transfer
agent for its shares or any class or series of its shares, as the case may be, and the same or another agent as registrar for
its shares or such class or series of its shares, as the case may be. The directors may terminate such appointment of any agent
at any time and may appoint another agent in its place.
The
Company must not at any time close its central securities register.
5.1
|
Registering
Transfers
|
Subject
to the
Business Corporations
Act, a transfer of a share of the Company must not be registered unless the Company or the
transfer agent or registrar for the class or series of share to be transferred has received:
(1)
|
in
the case of a share certificate that has been issued by the Company in respect of the share to be transferred, that share
certificate and a written instrument of transfer (which may be on a separate document or endorsed on the share certificate)
made by the shareholder or other appropriate person or by an agent who has actual authority to act on behalf of that person;
|
|
|
(2)
|
in
the case of a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder’s right to obtain a share certificate that
has been issued by the Company in respect of the share to be transferred, a written instrument of transfer that directs that
the transfer of the shares be registered, made by the shareholder or other appropriate person or by an agent who has actual
authority to act on behalf of that person;
|
|
|
(3)
|
in
the case of a share that is an uncertificated share, a written instrument of transfer that directs that the transfer of the
share be registered, made by the shareholder or other appropriate person or by an agent who has actual authority to act on
behalf of that person; and
|
|
|
(4)
|
such
other evidence, if any, as the Company or the transfer agent or registrar for the class or series of share to be transferred
may require to prove the title of the transferor or the transferor’s right to transfer the share, that the written instrument
of transfer is genuine and authorized and that the transfer is rightful or to a protected purchaser.
|
|
|
5.2
|
Form
of Instrument of Transfer
|
The
instrument of transfer in respect of any share of the Company must be either in the form, if any, on the back of the Company’s
share certificates or in any other form that may be approved by the directors or the transfer agent for the class or series of
shares to be transferred.
5.3
|
Transferor
Remains Shareholder
|
Except
to the extent that the
Business Corporations Act
otherwise provides, the transferor of shares is deemed to remain the holder
of the shares until the name of the transferee is entered in a securities register of the Company in respect of the transfer.
5.4
|
Signing
of Instrument of Transfer
|
If
a shareholder, or his or her duly authorized attorney, signs an instrument of transfer in respect of shares registered in the
name of the shareholder, the signed instrument of transfer constitutes a complete and sufficient authority to the Company and
its directors, officers and agents to register the number of shares specified in the instrument of transfer or specified in any
other manner, or, if no number is specified, all the shares represented by the share certificates or set out in the written acknowledgments
deposited with the instrument of transfer:
(1)
|
in
the name of the person named as transferee in that instrument of transfer; or
|
|
|
(2)
|
if
no person is named as transferee in that instrument of transfer, in the name of the person on whose behalf the instrument
is deposited for the purpose of having the transfer registered.
|
|
|
5.5
|
Enquiry
as to Title Not Required
|
Neither
the Company nor any director, officer or agent of the Company is bound to inquire into the title of the person named in the instrument
of transfer as transferee or, if no person is named as transferee in the instrument of transfer, of the person on whose behalf
the instrument is deposited for the purpose of having the transfer registered or is liable for any claim related to registering
the transfer by the shareholder or by any intermediate owner or holder of the shares, of any interest in the shares, of any share
certificate representing such shares or of any written acknowledgment of a right to obtain a share certificate for such shares.
There
must be paid to the Company, in relation to the registration of any transfer, the amount, if any, determined by the directors.
6.
|
Transmission
of Shares
|
6.1
|
Legal
Personal Representative Recognized on Death
|
In
the case of the death of a shareholder, the legal personal representative of the shareholder, or in the case of shares registered
in the shareholder’s name and the name of another person in joint tenancy, the surviving joint holder, will be the only
person recognized by the Company as having any title to the shareholder’s interest in the shares. Before recognizing a person
as a legal personal representative of a shareholder, the directors may require the original grant of probate or letters of administration
or a court certified copy of them or the original or a court certified or authenticated copy of the grant of representation, will,
order or other instrument or other evidence of the death under which title to the shares or securities is claimed to vest.
6.2
|
Rights
of Legal Personal Representative
|
The
legal personal representative of a shareholder has the same rights, privileges and obligations that attach to the shares held
by the shareholder, including the right to transfer the shares in accordance with these Articles, if appropriate evidence of appointment
or incumbency within the meaning of s.87 of the
Securities Transfer Act
has been deposited with the Company. This Article
6.2 does not apply in the case of the death of a shareholder with respect to shares registered in the shareholder’s name
and the name of another person in joint tenancy.
7.
|
Acquisition
of Company’s Shares
|
|
|
7.1
|
Company
Authorized to Purchase or Otherwise Acquire Shares
|
Subject
to Article 7.2, the special rights or restrictions attached to the shares of any class or series of shares and the
Business
Corporations Act
, the Company may, if authorized by the directors, purchase or otherwise acquire any of its shares at the
price and upon the terms determined by the directors.
7.2
|
No
Purchase, Redemption or Other Acquisition When Insolvent
|
The
Company must not make a payment or provide any other consideration to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of its shares
if there are reasonable grounds for believing that:
(1)
|
the
Company is insolvent; or
|
|
|
(2)
|
making
the payment or providing the consideration would render the Company insolvent.
|
|
|
7.3
|
Sale
and Voting of Purchased, Redeemed or Otherwise Acquired Shares
|
If
the Company retains a share redeemed, purchased or otherwise acquired by it, the Company may sell, gift or otherwise dispose of
the share, but, while such share is held by the Company, it:
(1)
|
is
not entitled to vote the share at a meeting of its shareholders;
|
|
|
(2)
|
must
not pay a dividend in respect of the share; and
|
|
|
(3)
|
must
not make any other distribution in respect of the share.
|
|
|
8.
|
Borrowing
Powers
|
The
Company, if authorized by the directors, may:
(1)
|
borrow
money in the manner and amount, on the security, from the sources and on the terms and conditions that the directors consider
appropriate;
|
|
|
(2)
|
issue
bonds, debentures and other debt obligations either outright or as security for any liability or obligation of the Company
or any other person and at such discounts or premiums and on such other terms as the directors consider appropriate;
|
|
|
(3)
|
guarantee
the repayment of money by any other person or the performance of any obligation of any other person; and
|
|
|
(4)
|
mortgage,
charge, whether by way of specific or floating charge, grant a security interest in, or give other security on, the whole
or any part of the present and future assets and undertaking of the Company.
|
9.
|
Alterations
|
|
|
9.1
|
Alteration
of Authorized Share Structure
|
Subject
to Article 9.2 and the
Business Corporations Act
, the Company may by special resolution:
(1)
|
create
one or more classes or series of shares or, if none of the shares of a class or series of shares are allotted or issued, eliminate
that class or series of shares;
|
|
|
(2)
|
increase,
reduce or eliminate the maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue out of any class or series of shares
or establish a maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue out of any class or series of shares for which
no maximum is established;
|
|
|
(3)
|
subdivide
or consolidate all or any of its unissued, or fully paid issued, shares;
|
|
|
(4)
|
if
the Company is authorized to issue shares of a class of shares with par value:
|
|
(a)
|
decrease
the par value of those shares; or
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
if
none of the shares of that class of shares are allotted or issued, increase the par value of those shares;
|
(5)
|
change
all or any of its unissued, or fully paid issued, shares with par value into shares without par value or any of its unissued
shares without par value into shares with par value;
|
|
|
(6)
|
alter
the identifying name of any of its shares; or
|
|
|
(7)
|
otherwise
alter its shares or authorized share structure when required or permitted to do so by the
Business Corporations Act
;
|
and,
if applicable, alter its Notice of Articles and, if applicable, its Articles, accordingly.
9.2
|
Special
Rights or Restrictions
|
Subject
to the
Business Corporations Act
, the Company may by special resolution:
(1)
|
create
special rights or restrictions for, and attach those special rights or restrictions to, the shares of any class or series
of shares, whether or not any or all of those shares have been issued; or
|
|
|
(2)
|
vary
or delete any special rights or restrictions attached to the shares of any class or series of shares, whether or not any or
all of those shares have been issued;
|
and
alter its Articles and Notice of Articles accordingly.
The
Company may by special resolution authorize an alteration to its Notice of Articles in order to change its name and may, by ordinary
resolution or directors’ resolution, adopt or change any translation of that name.
If
the
Business Corporations Act
does not specify the type of resolution and these Articles do not specify another type of
resolution, the Company may by special resolution alter these Articles.
10.
|
Meetings
of Shareholders
|
10.1
|
Annual
General Meetings
|
Unless
an annual general meeting is deferred or waived in accordance with the
Business Corporations Act
, the Company must hold
its first annual general meeting within 18 months after the date on which it was incorporated or otherwise recognized, and after
that must hold an annual general meeting at least once in each calendar year and not more than 15 months after the last annual
reference date at such time and place as may be determined by the directors.
10.2
|
Resolution
Instead of Annual General Meeting
|
If
all the shareholders who are entitled to vote at an annual general meeting consent by a unanimous resolution to all of the business
that is required to be transacted at that annual general meeting, the annual general meeting is deemed to have been held on the
date of the unanimous resolution. The shareholders must, in any unanimous resolution passed under this Article 10.2, select as
the Company’s annual reference date a date that would be appropriate for the holding of the applicable annual general meeting.
10.3
|
Calling
of Meetings of Shareholders
|
The
directors may, at any time, call a meeting of shareholders to be held at such time and place as may be determined by the directors.
10.4
|
Notice
for Meetings of Shareholders
|
The
Company must send notice of the date, time and location of any meeting of shareholders (including, without limitation, any notice
specifying the intention to propose a resolution as an exceptional resolution, a special resolution or a special separate resolution
and any notice to consider approving an amalgamation into a foreign jurisdiction, an arrangement or the adoption of an amalgamation
agreement, and any notice of a general meeting, class meeting or series meeting), in the manner provided in these Articles, or
in such other manner, if any, as may be prescribed by ordinary resolution (whether previous notice of the resolution has been
given or not), to each shareholder entitled to attend the meeting, to each director and to the auditor of the Company, unless
these Articles otherwise provide, at least the following number of days before the meeting:
(1)
|
if
and for so long as the Company is a public company, 21 days;
|
10.5
|
Notice
of Resolution to Which Shareholders May Dissent
|
The
Company must send to each of its shareholders, whether or not their shares carry the right to vote, a notice of any meeting of
shareholders at which a resolution entitling shareholders to dissent is to be considered specifying the date of the meeting and
containing a statement advising of the right to send a notice of dissent together with a copy of the proposed resolution at least
the following number of days before the meeting;
(1)
|
if
and for so long as the Company is a public company, 21 days;
|
|
|
(2)
|
otherwise,
10 days.
|
10.6
|
Record
Date for Notice
|
The
directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of any meeting of shareholders.
The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is to be held by more than two months or, in the case of a general
meeting requisitioned by shareholders under the
Business Corporations Act
, by more than four months. The record date must
not precede the date on which the meeting is held by fewer than:
(1)
|
if
and for so long as the Company is a public company, 21 days;
|
If
no record date is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the day immediately preceding the first date on which the notice is sent or,
if no notice is sent, the beginning of the meeting.
10.7
|
Record
Date for Voting
|
The
directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders.
The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is to be held by more than two months or, in the case of a general
meeting requisitioned by shareholders under the
Business Corporations Act
, by more than four months. If no record date
is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the day immediately preceding the first date on which the notice is sent or, if no notice
is sent, the beginning of the meeting.
10.8
|
Failure
to Give Notice and Waiver of Notice
|
The
accidental omission to send notice of any meeting of shareholders to, or the non-receipt of any notice by, any of the persons
entitled to notice does not invalidate any proceedings at that meeting. Any person entitled to notice of a meeting of shareholders
may, in writing or otherwise, waive that entitlement or agree to reduce the period of that notice. Attendance of a person at a
meeting of shareholders is a waiver of entitlement to notice of the meeting unless that person attends the meeting for the express
purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the grounds that the meeting is not lawfully called.
10.9
|
Notice
of Special Business at Meetings of Shareholders
|
If
a meeting of shareholders is to consider special business within the meaning of Article 11.1, the notice of meeting must:
(1)
|
state
the general nature of the special business; and
|
(2)
|
if
the special business includes considering, approving, ratifying, adopting or authorizing any document or the signing of or
giving of effect to any document, have attached to it a copy of the document or state that a copy of the document will be
available for inspection by shareholders:
|
|
(a)
|
at
the Company’s records office, or at such other reasonably accessible location in British Columbia as is specified in
the notice; and
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
during
statutory business hours on any one or more specified days before the day set for the holding of the meeting.
|
11.
|
Proceedings
at Meetings of Shareholders
|
At
a meeting of shareholders, the following business is special business:
(1)
|
at
a meeting of shareholders that is not an annual general meeting, all business is special business except business relating
to the conduct of or voting at the meeting;
|
|
|
(2)
|
at
an annual general meeting, all business is special business except for the following:
|
|
(a)
|
business
relating to the conduct of or voting at the meeting;
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
consideration
of any financial statements of the Company presented to the meeting;
|
|
|
|
|
(c)
|
consideration
of any reports of the directors or auditor;
|
|
|
|
|
(d)
|
the
setting or changing of the number of directors;
|
|
|
|
|
(e)
|
the
election or appointment of directors;
|
|
|
|
|
(f)
|
the
appointment of an auditor;
|
|
|
|
|
(g)
|
the
setting of the remuneration of an auditor;
|
|
|
|
|
(h)
|
business
arising out of a report of the directors not requiring the passing of a special resolution or an exceptional resolution;
|
|
|
|
|
(i)
|
any
other business which, under these Articles or the
Business Corporations Act
, may be transacted at a meeting of shareholders
without prior notice of the business being given to the shareholders.
|
The
majority of votes required for the Company to pass a special resolution at a general meeting of shareholders is two-thirds of
the votes cast on the resolution.
Subject
to the special rights or restrictions attached to the shares of any class or series of shares and to Article 11.4, the quorum
for the transaction of business at a meeting of shareholders is two persons who are, or who represent by proxy, shareholders who,
in the aggregate, hold at least 5% of the issued shares entitled to be voted at the meeting.
11.4
|
One
Shareholder May Constitute Quorum
|
If
there is only one shareholder entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders:
(1)
|
the
quorum is one person who is, or who represents by proxy, that shareholder, and
|
|
|
(2)
|
that
shareholder, present in person or by proxy, may constitute the meeting.
|
11.5
|
Persons
Entitled to Attend Meeting
|
In
addition to those persons who are entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders, the only other persons entitled to be present
at the meeting are the directors, the president (if any), the secretary (if any), the assistant secretary (if any), any lawyer
for the Company, the auditor of the Company, any persons invited to be present at the meeting by the directors or by the chair
of the meeting and any persons entitled or required under the
Business Corporations Act
or these Articles to be present
at the meeting; but if any of those persons does attend the meeting, that person is not to be counted in the quorum and is not
entitled to vote at the meeting unless that person is a shareholder or proxy holder entitled to vote at the meeting.
11.6
|
Requirement
of Quorum
|
No
business, other than the election of a chair of the meeting and the adjournment of the meeting, may be transacted at any meeting
of shareholders unless a quorum of shareholders entitled to vote is present at the commencement of the meeting, but such quorum
need not be present throughout the meeting.
If,
within one-half hour from the time set for the holding of a meeting of shareholders, a quorum is not present:
(1)
|
in
the case of a general meeting requisitioned by shareholders, the meeting is dissolved, and
|
(2)
|
in
the case of any other meeting of shareholders, the meeting stands adjourned to the same day in the next week at the same time
and place.
|
11.8
|
Lack
of Quorum at Succeeding Meeting
|
If,
at the meeting to which the meeting referred to in Article 11.7(2) was adjourned, a quorum is not present within one-half hour
from the time set for the holding of the meeting, the person or persons present and being, or representing by proxy, one or more
shareholders entitled to attend and vote at the meeting constitute a quorum.
The
following individual is entitled to preside as chair at a meeting of shareholders:
(1)
|
the
chair of the board, if any; or
|
(2)
|
if
the chair of the board is absent or unwilling to act as chair of the meeting, the president, if any.
|
11.10
|
Selection
of Alternate Chair
|
If,
at any meeting of shareholders, there is no chair of the board or president present within 15 minutes after the time set for holding
the meeting, or if the chair of the board and the president are unwilling to act as chair of the meeting, or if the chair of the
board and the president have advised the secretary, if any, or any director present at the meeting, that they will not be present
at the meeting, the directors present must choose one of their number to be chair of the meeting or if all of the directors present
decline to take the chair or fail to so choose or if no director is present, the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting
who are present in person or by proxy may choose any person present at the meeting to chair the meeting.
The
chair of a meeting of shareholders may, and if so directed by the meeting must, adjourn the meeting from time to time and from
place to place, but no business may be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business left unfinished at the meeting
from which the adjournment took place.
11.12
|
Notice
of Adjourned Meeting
|
It
is not necessary to give any notice of an adjourned meeting of shareholders or of the business to be transacted at an adjourned
meeting of shareholders except that, when a meeting is adjourned for 30 days or more, notice of the adjourned meeting must be
given as in the case of the original meeting.
11.13
|
Decisions
by Show of Hands or Poll
|
Subject
to the
Business Corporations Act
, every motion put to a vote at a meeting of shareholders will be decided on a show of
hands unless a poll, before or on the declaration of the result of the vote by show of hands, is directed by the chair or demanded
by any shareholder entitled to vote who is present in person or by proxy.
11.14
|
Declaration
of Result
|
The
chair of a meeting of shareholders must declare to the meeting the decision on every question in accordance with the result of
the show of hands or the poll, as the case may be, and that decision must be entered in the minutes of the meeting. A declaration
of the chair that a resolution is carried by the necessary majority or is defeated is, unless a poll is directed by the chair
or demanded under Article 11.13, conclusive evidence without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour
of or against the resolution.
11.15
|
Motion
Need Not be Seconded
|
No
motion proposed at a meeting of shareholders need be seconded unless the chair of the meeting rules otherwise, and the chair of
any meeting of shareholders is entitled to propose or second a motion.
In
the case of an equality of votes, the chair of a meeting of shareholders does not, either on a show of hands or on a poll, have
a second or casting vote in addition to the vote or votes to which the chair may be entitled as a shareholder.
11.17
|
Manner
of Taking Poll
|
Subject
to Article 11.18, if a poll is duly demanded at a meeting of shareholders:
(1)
|
the
poll must be taken:
|
|
(a)
|
at
the meeting, or within seven days after the date of the meeting, as the chair of the meeting directs; and
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
in
the manner, at the time and at the place that the chair of the meeting directs;
|
(2)
|
the
result of the poll is deemed to be the decision of the meeting at which the poll is demanded;
and
|
(3)
|
the
demand for the poll may be withdrawn by the person who demanded it.
|
11.18
|
Demand
for Poll on Adjournment
|
A
poll demanded at a meeting of shareholders on a question of adjournment must be taken immediately at the meeting.
11.19
|
Chair
Must Resolve Dispute
|
In
the case of any dispute as to the admission or rejection of a vote given on a poll, the chair of the meeting must determine the
dispute, and his or her determination made in good faith is final and conclusive.
On
a poll, a shareholder entitled to more than one vote need not cast all the votes in the same way.
11.21
|
No
Demand for Poll on Election of Chair
|
No
poll may be demanded in respect of the vote by which a chair of a meeting of shareholders is elected.
11.22
|
Demand
for Poll Not to Prevent Continuance of Meeting
|
The
demand for a poll at a meeting of shareholders does not, unless the chair of the meeting so rules, prevent the continuation of
the meeting for the transaction of any business other than the question on which a poll has been demanded.
11.23
|
Retention
of Ballots and Proxies
|
The
Company must, for at least three months after a meeting of shareholders, keep each ballot cast on a poll and each proxy voted
at the meeting, and, during that period, make them available for inspection during normal business hours by any shareholder or
proxyholder entitled to vote at the meeting. At the end of such three month period, the Company may destroy such ballots and proxies.
12.
|
Votes
of Shareholders
|
12.1
|
Number
of Votes by Shareholder or by Shares
|
Subject
to any special rights or restrictions attached to any shares and to the restrictions imposed on joint shareholders under Article
12.3:
(1)
|
on
a vote by show of hands, every person present who is a shareholder or proxy holder and entitled to vote on the matter has
one vote; and
|
|
|
(2)
|
on
a poll, every shareholder entitled to vote on the matter has one vote in respect of each share entitled to be voted on the
matter and held by that shareholder and may exercise that vote either in person or by proxy.
|
12.2
|
Votes
of Persons in Representative Capacity
|
A
person who is not a shareholder may vote at a meeting of shareholders, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, and may appoint
a proxy holder to act at the meeting, if, before doing so, the person satisfies the chair of the meeting, or the directors, that
the person is a legal personal representative or a trustee in bankruptcy for a shareholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting.
12.3
|
Votes
by Joint Holders
|
If
there are joint shareholders registered in respect of any share:
(1)
|
any
one of the joint shareholders may vote at any meeting of shareholders, personally or by proxy, in respect of the share as
if that joint shareholder were solely entitled to it; or
|
(2)
|
if
more than one of the joint shareholders is present at any meeting of shareholders, personally or by proxy, and more than one
of them votes in respect of that share, then only the vote of the joint shareholder present whose name stands first on the
central securities register in respect of the share will be counted.
|
12.4
|
Legal
Personal Representatives as Joint Shareholders
|
Two
or more legal personal representatives of a shareholder in whose sole name any share is registered are, for the purposes of Article
12.3, deemed to be joint shareholders registered in respect of that share.
12.5
|
Representative
of a Corporate Shareholder
|
If
a corporation, that is not a subsidiary of the Company, is a shareholder, that corporation may appoint a person to act as its
representative at any meeting of shareholders of the Company, and:
(1)
|
for
that purpose, the instrument appointing a representative must be received:
|
|
(a)
|
at
the registered office of the Company or at any other place specified, in the notice calling the meeting, for the receipt of
proxies, at least the number of business days specified in the notice for the receipt of proxies, or if no number of days
is specified, two business days before the day set for the holding of the meeting or any adjourned meeting; or
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
at
the meeting or any adjourned meeting, by the chair of the meeting or adjourned meeting or by a person designated by the chair
of the meeting or adjourned meeting;
|
(2)
|
if
a representative is appointed under this Article 12.5:
|
|
(a)
|
the
representative is entitled to exercise in respect of and at that meeting the same rights on behalf of the corporation that
the representative represents as that corporation could exercise if it were a shareholder who is an individual, including,
without limitation, the right to appoint a proxy holder; and
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
the
representative, if present at the meeting, is to be counted for the purpose of forming a quorum and is deemed to be a shareholder
present in person at the meeting.
|
Evidence
of the appointment of any such representative may be sent to the Company by written instrument, fax or any other method of transmitting
legibly recorded messages.
12.6
|
When
Proxy Holder Need Not Be Shareholder
|
A
person must not be appointed as a proxy holder unless the person is a shareholder, although a person who is not a shareholder
may be appointed as a proxy holder if:
(1)
|
the
person appointing the proxy holder is a corporation or a representative of a corporation appointed under Article 12.5;
|
|
|
(2)
|
the
Company has at the time of the meeting for which the proxy holder is to be appointed only one shareholder entitled to vote
at the meeting;
|
|
|
(3)
|
the
shareholders present in person or by proxy at and entitled to vote at the meeting for which the proxy holder is to be appointed,
by a resolution on which the proxy holder is not entitled to vote but in respect of which the proxy holder is to be counted
in the quorum, permit the proxy holder to attend and vote at the meeting; or
|
|
|
(4)
|
the
Company is a public company or is a pre-existing reporting company which has the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions as
part of these Articles or to which the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions apply.
|
12.7
|
When
Proxy Provisions Do Not Apply to the Company
|
If
and for so long as the Company is a public company or is a pre-existing reporting company which has the Statutory Reporting Company
Provisions as part of these Articles or to which the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions apply, Articles 12.8 to 12.16 apply
only insofar as they are not inconsistent with any Canadian securities legislation applicable to the Company, any U.S. securities
legislation applicable to the Company or any rules of an exchange on which securities of the Company are listed.
12.8
|
Appointment
of Proxy Holders
|
Every
shareholder of the Company, including a corporation that is a shareholder but not a subsidiary of the Company, entitled to vote
at a meeting of shareholders may, by proxy, appoint one or more proxy holders to attend and act at the meeting in the manner,
to the extent and with the powers conferred by the proxy.
12.9
|
Alternate
Proxy Holders
|
A
shareholder may appoint one or more alternate proxy holders to act in the place of an absent proxy holder.
A
proxy for a meeting of shareholders must:
(1)
|
be
received at the registered office of the Company or at any other place specified, in the notice calling the meeting, for the
receipt of proxies, at least the number of business days specified in the notice, or if no number of days is specified, two
business days before the day set for the holding of the meeting or any adjourned meeting; or
|
|
|
(2)
|
unless
the notice provides otherwise, be received at the meeting or any adjourned meeting, by the chair of the meeting or adjourned
meeting or by a person designated by the chair of the meeting or adjourned meeting.
|
A
proxy may be sent to the Company by written instrument, fax or any other method of transmitting legibly recorded messages.
12.11
|
Validity
of Proxy Vote
|
A
vote given in accordance with the terms of a proxy is valid notwithstanding the death or incapacity of the shareholder giving
the proxy and despite the revocation of the proxy or the revocation of the authority under which the proxy is given, unless notice
in writing of that death, incapacity or revocation is received:
(1)
|
at
the registered office of the Company, at any time up to and including the last business day before the day set for the holding
of the meeting or any adjourned meeting at which the proxy is to be used; or
|
|
|
(2)
|
at
the meeting or any adjourned meeting, by the chair of the meeting or adjourned meeting, before any vote in respect of which
the proxy has been given has been taken.
|
A
proxy, whether for a specified meeting or otherwise, must be either in the following form or in any other form approved by the
directors or the chair of the meeting:
[name
of company]
(the “Company”)
The
undersigned, being a shareholder of the Company, hereby appoints
[name]
or, failing that person,
[name]
, as proxy
holder for the undersigned to attend, act and vote for and on behalf of the undersigned at the meeting of shareholders of the
Company to be held on
[month, day, year]
and at any adjournment of that meeting.
Number
of shares in respect of which this proxy is given (if no number is specified, then this proxy is given in respect of all shares
registered in the name of the undersigned):
|
Signed
[month, day, year]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Signature
of shareholder]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Name
of shareholder—printed]
|
12.13
|
Revocation
of Proxy
|
Subject
to Article 12.14, every proxy may be revoked by an instrument in writing that is received:
(1)
|
at
the registered office of the Company at any time up to and including the last business day before the day set for the holding
of the meeting or any adjourned meeting at which the proxy is to be used; or
|
|
|
(2)
|
at
the meeting or any adjourned meeting by the chair of the meeting or adjourned meeting, before any vote in respect of which
the proxy has been given has been taken.
|
12.14
|
Revocation
of Proxy Must Be Signed
|
An
instrument referred to in Article 12.13 must be signed as follows:
(1)
|
if
the shareholder for whom the proxy holder is appointed is an individual, the instrument must be signed by the shareholder
or his or her legal personal representative or trustee in bankruptcy;
|
|
|
(2)
|
if
the shareholder for whom the proxy holder is appointed is a corporation, the instrument must be signed by the corporation
or by a representative appointed for the corporation under Article 12.5.
|
12.15
|
Chair
May Determine Validity of Proxy
|
The
chair of any meeting of shareholders may determine whether or not a proxy deposited for use at the meeting, which may not strictly
comply with the requirements of this Part 12 as to form, execution, accompanying documentation, time of filing or otherwise, shall
be valid for use at such meeting and any such determination made in good faith shall be final, conclusive and binding upon such
meeting.
12.16
|
Production
of Evidence of Authority to Vote
|
The
chair of any meeting of shareholders may, but need not, inquire into the authority of any person to vote at the meeting and may,
but need not, demand from that person production of evidence as to the existence of the authority to vote.
13.1
|
First
Directors; Number of Directors
|
The
first directors are the persons designated as directors of the Company in the Notice of Articles that applies to the Company when
it is recognized under the
Business Corporations Act
. The number of directors, excluding additional directors appointed
under Article 14.8, is set at:
(1)
|
subject
to paragraphs (2) and (3), the number of directors that is equal to the number of the Company’s first directors;
|
|
|
(2)
|
if
the Company is a public company, the greater of three and the most recently set of:
|
|
(a)
|
the
number of directors set by ordinary resolution (whether or not previous notice of the resolution was given); and
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
the
number of directors set under Article 14.4;
|
(3)
|
if
the Company is not a public company, the most recently set of:
|
|
(a)
|
the
number of directors set by ordinary resolution (whether or not previous notice of the resolution was given); and
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
the
number of directors set under Article 14.4.
|
13.2
|
Change
in Number of Directors
|
If
the number of directors is set under Articles 13.1(2)(a) or 13.1(3)(a):
(1)
|
the
shareholders may elect or appoint the directors needed to fill any vacancies in the board of directors up to that number;
|
(2)
|
if
the shareholders do not elect or appoint the directors needed to fill any vacancies in the board of directors up to that number
contemporaneously with the setting of that number, then the directors, subject to Article 14.8, may appoint, or the shareholders
may elect or appoint, directors to fill those vacancies.
|
13.3
|
Directors’
Acts Valid Despite Vacancy
|
An
act or proceeding of the directors is not invalid merely because fewer than the number of directors set or otherwise required
under these Articles is in office.
13.4
|
Qualifications
of Directors
|
A
director is not required to hold a share of the Company as qualification for his or her office but must be qualified as required
by the
Business Corporations Act
to become, act or continue to act as a director.
13.5
|
Remuneration
of Directors
|
The
directors are entitled to the remuneration for acting as directors, if any, as the directors may from time to time determine.
If the directors so decide, the remuneration of the directors, if any, will be determined by the shareholders. That remuneration
may be in addition to any salary or other remuneration paid to any officer or employee of the Company as such, who is also a director.
13.6
|
Reimbursement
of Expenses of Directors
|
The
Company must reimburse each director for the reasonable expenses that he or she may incur in and about the business of the Company.
13.7
|
Special
Remuneration for Directors
|
If
any director performs any professional or other services for the Company that in the opinion of the directors are outside the
ordinary duties of a director, or if any director is otherwise specially occupied in or about the Company’s business, he
or she may be paid remuneration fixed by the directors, or, at the option of that director, fixed by ordinary resolution, and
such remuneration may be either in addition to, or in substitution for, any other remuneration that he or she may be entitled
to receive.
13.8
|
Gratuity,
Pension or Allowance on Retirement of Director
|
Unless
otherwise determined by ordinary resolution, the directors on behalf of the Company may pay a gratuity or pension or allowance
on retirement to any director who has held any salaried office or place of profit with the Company or to his or her spouse or
dependants and may make contributions to any fund and pay premiums for the purchase or provision of any such gratuity, pension
or allowance.
14.
|
Election
and Removal of Directors
|
14.1
|
Election
at Annual General Meeting
|
At
every annual general meeting and in every unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2:
(1)
|
the
shareholders entitled to vote at the annual general meeting for the election of directors must elect, or in the unanimous
resolution appoint, a board of directors consisting of the number of directors for the time being set under these Articles;
and
|
(2)
|
all
the directors cease to hold office immediately before the election or appointment of directors under paragraph (1), but are
eligible for re-election or re-appointment.
|
14.2
|
Consent
to be a Director
|
No
election, appointment or designation of an individual as a director is valid unless:
(1)
|
that
individual consents to be a director in the manner provided for in the
Business Corporations Act
;
|
|
|
(2)
|
that
individual is elected or appointed at a meeting at which the individual is present and the individual does not refuse, at
the meeting, to be a director; or
|
|
|
(3)
|
with
respect to first directors, the designation is otherwise valid under the
Business Corporations Act
.
|
14.3
|
Failure
to Elect or Appoint Directors
|
If:
(1)
|
the
Company fails to hold an annual general meeting, and all the shareholders who are entitled to vote at an annual general meeting
fail to pass the unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2, on or before the date by which the annual general meeting
is required to be held under the
Business Corporations Act
; or
|
|
|
(2)
|
the
shareholders fail, at the annual general meeting or in the unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2, to elect or
appoint any directors;
|
then
each director then in office continues to hold office until the earlier of:
(3)
|
when
his or her successor is elected or appointed; and
|
(4)
|
when
he or she otherwise ceases to hold office under the
Business Corporations Act
or these Articles.
|
14.4
|
Places
of Retiring Directors Not Filled
|
If,
at any meeting of shareholders at which there should be an election of directors, the places of any of the retiring directors
are not filled by that election, those retiring directors who are not re-elected and who are asked by the newly elected directors
to continue in office will, if willing to do so, continue in office to complete the number of directors for the time being set
pursuant to these Articles until further new directors are elected at a meeting of shareholders convened for that purpose. If
any such election or continuance of directors does not result in the election or continuance of the number of directors for the
time being set pursuant to these Articles, the number of directors of the Company is deemed to be set at the number of directors
actually elected or continued in office.
14.5
|
Directors
May Fill Casual Vacancies
|
Any
casual vacancy occurring in the board of directors may be filled by the directors.
14.6
|
Remaining
Directors’ Power to Act
|
The
directors may act notwithstanding any vacancy in the board of directors, but if the Company has fewer directors in office than
the number set pursuant to these Articles as the quorum of directors, the directors may only act for the purpose of appointing
directors up to that number or of calling a meeting of shareholders for the purpose of filling any vacancies on the board of directors
or, subject to the
Business Corporations Act
, for any other purpose.
14.7
|
Shareholders
May Fill Vacancies
|
If
the Company has no directors or fewer directors in office than the number set pursuant to these Articles as the quorum of directors,
the shareholders may elect or appoint directors to fill any vacancies on the board of directors.
14.8
|
Additional
Directors
|
Notwithstanding
Articles 13.1 and 13.2, between annual general meetings or unanimous resolutions contemplated by Article 10.2, the directors may
appoint one or more additional directors, but the number of additional directors appointed under this Article 14.8 must not at
any time exceed:
(1)
|
one-third
of the number of first directors, if, at the time of the appointments, one or more of the first directors have not yet completed
their first term of office; or
|
(2)
|
in
any other case, one-third of the number of the current directors who were elected or appointed as directors other than under
this Article 14.8.
|
Any
director so appointed ceases to hold office immediately before the next election or appointment of directors under Article 14.1(1),
but is eligible for re-election or re-appointment.
14.9
|
Ceasing
to be a Director
|
A
director ceases to be a director when:
(1)
|
the
term of office of the director expires;
|
|
|
(2)
|
the
director dies;
|
|
|
(3)
|
the
director resigns as a director by notice in writing provided to the Company or a lawyer for the Company; or
|
|
|
(4)
|
the
director is removed from office pursuant to Articles 14.10 or 14.11.
|
14.10
|
Removal
of Director by Shareholders
|
The
Company may remove any director before the expiration of his or her term of office by special resolution. In that event, the shareholders
may elect, or appoint by ordinary resolution, a director to fill the resulting vacancy. If the shareholders do not elect or appoint
a director to fill the resulting vacancy contemporaneously with the removal, then the directors may appoint or the shareholders
may elect, or appoint by ordinary resolution, a director to fill that vacancy.
14.11
|
Removal
of Director by Directors
|
The
directors may remove any director before the expiration of his or her term of office if the director is convicted of an indictable
offence, or if the director ceases to be qualified to act as a director of a company and does not promptly resign, and the directors
may appoint a director to fill the resulting vacancy.
15.1
|
Appointment
of Alternate Director
|
Any
director (an “appointor”) may by notice in writing received by the Company appoint any person (an “appointee”)
who is qualified to act as a director to be his or her alternate to act in his or her place at meetings of the directors or committees
of the directors at which the appointor is not present unless (in the case of an appointee who is not a director) the directors
have reasonably disapproved the appointment of such person as an alternate director and have given notice to that effect to his
or her appointor within a reasonable time after the notice of appointment is received by the Company.
Every
alternate director so appointed is entitled to notice of meetings of the directors and of committees of the directors of which
his or her appointor is a member and to attend and vote as a director at any such meetings at which his or her appointor is not
present.
15.3
|
Alternate
for More Than One Director Attending Meetings
|
A
person may be appointed as an alternate director by more than one director, and an alternate director:
(1)
|
will
be counted in determining the quorum for a meeting of directors once for each of his or her appointors and, in the case of
an appointee who is also a director, once more in that capacity;
|
|
|
(2)
|
has
a separate vote at a meeting of directors for each of his or her appointors and, in the case of an appointee who is also a
director, an additional vote in that capacity;
|
|
|
(3)
|
will
be counted in determining the quorum for a meeting of a committee of directors once for each of his or her appointors who
is a member of that committee and, in the case of an appointee who is also a member of that committee as a director, once
more in that capacity;
|
|
|
(4)
|
has
a separate vote at a meeting of a committee of directors for each of his or her appointors who is a member of that committee
and, in the case of an appointee who is also a member of that committee as a director, an additional vote in that capacity.
|
Every
alternate director, if authorized by the notice appointing him or her, may sign in place of his or her appointor any resolutions
to be consented to in writing.
15.5
|
Alternate
Director Not an Agent
|
Every
alternate director is deemed not to be the agent of his or her appointor.
15.6
|
Revocation
of Appointment of Alternate Director
|
An
appointor may at any time, by notice in writing received by the Company, revoke the appointment of an alternate director appointed
by him or her.
15.7
|
Ceasing
to be an Alternate Director
|
The
appointment of an alternate director ceases when:
(1)
|
his
or her appointor ceases to be a director and is not promptly re-elected or re-appointed;
|
|
|
(2)
|
the
alternate director dies;
|
|
|
(3)
|
the
alternate director resigns as an alternate director by notice in writing provided to the Company or a lawyer for the Company;
|
|
|
(4)
|
the
alternate director ceases to be qualified to act as a director; or
|
|
|
(5)
|
his
or her appointor revokes the appointment of the alternate director.
|
15.8
|
Remuneration
and Expenses of Alternate Director
|
The
Company may reimburse an alternate director for the reasonable expenses that would be properly reimbursed if he or she were a
director, and the alternate director is entitled to receive from the Company such proportion, if any, of the remuneration otherwise
payable to the appointor as the appointor may from time to time direct.
16.
|
Powers
and Duties of Directors
|
16.1
|
Powers
of Management
|
The
directors must, subject to the
Business Corporations Act
and these Articles, manage or supervise the management of the
business and affairs of the Company and have the authority to exercise all such powers of the Company as are not, by the
Business
Corporations Act
or by these Articles, transferred to one or more other persons.
16.2
|
Appointment
of Attorney of Company
|
The
directors may from time to time, by power of attorney or other instrument, under seal if so required by law, appoint any person
to be the attorney of the Company for such purposes, and with such powers, authorities and discretions (not exceeding those vested
in or exercisable by the directors under these Articles and excepting the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors, to
remove a director, to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors, to appoint or remove officers
appointed by the directors and to declare dividends) and for such period, and with such remuneration and subject to such conditions
as the directors may think fit. Any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection or convenience of persons
dealing with such attorney as the directors think fit. Any such attorney may be authorized by the directors to sub-delegate all
or any of the powers, authorities and discretions for the time being vested in him or her.
17.
|
Interests
of Directors and Officers
|
17.1
|
Obligation
to Account for Profits
|
A
director or senior officer who holds a disclosable interest (as that term is used in the
Business Corporations Act
) in
a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter is liable to account to the Company for any
profit that accrues to the director or senior officer under or as a result of the contract or transaction only if and to the extent
provided in the
Business Corporations Act
.
17.2
|
Restrictions
on Voting by Reason of Interest
|
A
director who holds a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter
is not entitled to vote on any directors’ resolution to approve that contract or transaction, unless all the directors have
a disclosable interest in that contract or transaction, in which case any or all of those directors may vote on such resolution.
17.3
|
Interested
Director Counted in Quorum
|
A
director who holds a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter
and who is present at the meeting of directors at which the contract or transaction is considered for approval may be counted
in the quorum at the meeting whether or not the director votes on any or all of the resolutions considered at the meeting.
17.4
|
Disclosure
of Conflict of Interest or Property
|
A
director or senior officer who holds any office or possesses any property, right or interest that could result, directly or indirectly,
in the creation of a duty or interest that materially conflicts with that individual’s duty or interest as a director or
senior officer, must disclose the nature and extent of the conflict as required by the
Business Corporations Act
.
17.5
|
Director
Holding Other Office in the Company
|
A
director may hold any office or place of profit with the Company, other than the office of auditor of the Company, in addition
to his or her office of director for the period and on the terms (as to remuneration or otherwise) that the directors may determine.
No
director or intended director is disqualified by his or her office from contracting with the Company either with regard to the
holding of any office or place of profit the director holds with the Company or as vendor, purchaser or otherwise, and no contract
or transaction entered into by or on behalf of the Company in which a director is in any way interested is liable to be voided
for that reason.
17.7
|
Professional
Services by Director or Officer
|
Subject
to the
Business Corporations Act
, a director or officer, or any person in which a director or officer has an interest,
may act in a professional capacity for the Company, except as auditor of the Company, and the director or officer or such person
is entitled to remuneration for professional services as if that director or officer were not a director or officer.
17.8
|
Director
or Officer in Other Corporations
|
A
director or officer may be or become a director, officer or employee of, or otherwise interested in, any person in which the Company
may be interested as a shareholder or otherwise, and, subject to the
Business Corporations Act
, the director or officer
is not accountable to the Company for any remuneration or other benefits received by him or her as director, officer or employee
of, or from his or her interest in, such other person.
18.
|
Proceedings
of Directors
|
18.1
|
Meetings
of Directors
|
The
directors may meet together for the conduct of business, adjourn and otherwise regulate their meetings as they think fit, and
meetings of the directors held at regular intervals may be held at the place, at the time and on the notice, if any, as the directors
may from time to time determine.
Questions
arising at any meeting of directors are to be decided by a majority of votes and, in the case of an equality of votes, the chair
of the meeting does not have a second or casting vote.
The
following individual is entitled to preside as chair at a meeting of directors:
(1)
|
the
chair of the board, if any;
|
|
|
(2)
|
in
the absence of the chair of the board, the president, if any, if the president is a director; or
|
|
|
(3)
|
any
other director chosen by the directors if:
|
|
(a)
|
neither
the chair of the board nor the president, if a director, is present at the meeting within 15 minutes after the time set for
holding the meeting;
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
neither
the chair of the board nor the president, if a director, is willing to chair the meeting; or
|
|
|
|
|
(c)
|
the
chair of the board and the president, if a director, have advised the secretary, if any, or any other director, that they
will not be present at the meeting.
|
18.4
|
Meetings
by Telephone or Other Communications Medium
|
A
director may participate in a meeting of the directors or of any committee of the directors:
(1)
|
in
person;
|
|
|
(2)
|
by
telephone; or
|
|
|
(3)
|
with
the consent of all directors who wish to participate in the meeting, by other communications medium;
|
if
all directors participating in the meeting, whether in person or by telephone or other communications medium, are able to communicate
with each other. A director who participates in a meeting in a manner contemplated by this Article 18.4 is deemed for all purposes
of the
Business Corporations Act
and these Articles to be present at the meeting and to have agreed to participate in that
manner.
A
director may, and the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company, if any, on the request of a director must, call a meeting
of the directors at any time.
Other
than for meetings held at regular intervals as determined by the directors pursuant to Article 18.1 or as provided in Article
18.7, reasonable notice of each meeting of the directors, specifying the place, day and time of that meeting must be given to
each of the directors and the alternate directors by any method set out in Article 24.1 or orally or by telephone.
18.7
|
When
Notice Not Required
|
It
is not necessary to give notice of a meeting of the directors to a director or an alternate director if:
(1)
|
the
meeting is to be held immediately following a meeting of shareholders at which that director was elected or appointed, or
is the meeting of the directors at which that director is appointed; or
|
|
|
(2)
|
the
director or alternate director, as the case may be, has waived notice of the meeting.
|
18.8
|
Meeting
Valid Despite Failure to Give Notice
|
The
accidental omission to give notice of any meeting of directors to, or the non-receipt of any notice by, any director or alternate
director, does not invalidate any proceedings at that meeting.
18.9
|
Waiver
of Notice of Meetings
|
Any
director or alternate director may send to the Company a document signed by him or her waiving notice of any past, present or
future meeting or meetings of the directors and may at any time withdraw that waiver with respect to meetings held after that
withdrawal. After sending a waiver with respect to all future meetings and until that waiver is withdrawn, no notice of any meeting
of the directors need be given to that director or, unless the director otherwise requires by notice in writing to the Company,
to his or her alternate director, and all meetings of the directors so held are deemed not to be improperly called or constituted
by reason of notice not having been given to such director or alternate director. Attendance of a director or alternate director
at a meeting of the directors is a waiver of notice of the meeting unless that director or alternate director attends the meeting
for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the grounds that the meeting is not lawfully called.
The
quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the directors may be set by resolution of the directors and, if not so
set, is a majority of the directors holding office at the relevant time.
18.11
|
Validity
of Acts Where Appointment Defective
|
Subject
to the
Business Corporations Act
, an act of a director or officer is not invalid merely because of an irregularity in the
election or appointment or a defect in the qualification of that director or officer.
18.12
|
Consent
Resolutions in Writing
|
A
resolution of the directors or of any committee of the directors may be passed without a meeting:
(1)
|
in
all cases, if each of the directors entitled to vote on the resolution consents to it in writing; or
|
|
|
(2)
|
in
the case of a resolution to approve a contract or transaction in respect of which a director has disclosed that he or she
has or may have a disclosable interest, if each of the other directors who have not made such a disclosure consents in writing
to the resolution.
|
A
consent in writing under this Article 18.12 may be by any written instrument, fax, e-mail or any other method of transmitting
legibly recorded messages in which the consent of the director is evidenced, whether or not the signature of the director is included
in the record. A consent in writing may be in two or more counterparts which together are deemed to constitute one consent in
writing. A resolution of the directors or of any committee of the directors passed in accordance with this Article 18.12 is effective
on the date stated in the consent in writing or on the latest date stated on any counterpart and is deemed to be a proceeding
at a meeting of the directors or of the committee of the directors and to be as valid and effective as if it had been passed at
a meeting of the directors or of the committee of the directors that satisfies all the requirements of the
Business Corporations
Act
and all the requirements of these Articles relating to meetings of the directors or of a committee of the directors.
19.
|
Executive
and Other Committees
|
19.1
|
Appointment
and Powers of Executive Committee
|
The
directors may, by resolution, appoint an executive committee consisting of the director or directors that they consider appropriate,
and during the intervals between meetings of the board of directors, all of the directors’ powers are delegated to the executive
committee, except:
(1)
|
the
power to fill vacancies in the board of directors;
|
|
|
(2)
|
the
power to remove a director;
|
|
|
(3)
|
the
power to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors; and
|
|
|
(4)
|
such
other powers, if any, as may be set out in the resolution or any subsequent directors’ resolution.
|
19.2
|
Appointment
and Powers of Other Committees
|
The
directors may, by resolution:
(1)
|
appoint
one or more committees (other than the executive committee) consisting of the director or directors that they consider appropriate;
|
|
|
(2)
|
delegate
to a committee appointed under paragraph (1) any of the directors’ powers, except:
|
|
(a)
|
the
power to fill vacancies in the board of directors;
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
the
power to remove a director;
|
|
|
|
|
(c)
|
the
power to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors; and
|
|
|
|
|
(d)
|
the
power to appoint or remove officers appointed by the directors; and
|
(3)
|
make
any delegation referred to in paragraph (2) subject to the conditions set out in the resolution or any subsequent directors’
resolution.
|
19.3
|
Obligations
of Committees
|
Any
committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2, in the exercise of the powers delegated to it, must:
(1)
|
conform
to any rules that may from time to time be imposed on it by the directors; and
|
|
|
(2)
|
report
every act or thing done in exercise of those powers at such times as the directors may require.
|
The
directors may, at any time, with respect to a committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2:
(1)
|
revoke
or alter the authority given to the committee, or override a decision made by the committee, except as to acts done before
such revocation, alteration or overriding;
|
|
|
(2)
|
terminate
the appointment of, or change the membership of, the committee; and
|
|
|
(3)
|
fill
vacancies in the committee.
|
Subject
to Article 19.3(1) and unless the directors otherwise provide in the resolution appointing the committee or in any subsequent
resolution, with respect to a committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2:
(1)
|
the
committee may meet and adjourn as it thinks proper;
|
(2)
|
the
committee may elect a chair of its meetings but, if no chair of a meeting is elected, or if at a meeting the chair of the
meeting is not present within 15 minutes after the time set for holding the meeting, the directors present who are members
of the committee may choose one of their number to chair the meeting;
|
|
|
(3)
|
a
majority of the members of the committee constitutes a quorum of the committee; and
|
|
|
(4)
|
questions
arising at any meeting of the committee are determined by a majority of votes of the members present, and in the case of an
equality of votes, the chair of the meeting does not have a second or casting vote.
|
20.1
|
Directors
May Appoint Officers
|
The
directors may, from time to time, appoint such officers, if any, as the directors determine and the directors may, at any time,
terminate any such appointment.
20.2
|
Functions,
Duties and Powers of Officers
|
The
directors may, for each officer:
(1)
|
determine
the functions and duties of the officer;
|
|
|
(2)
|
delegate
to the officer any of the powers exercisable by the directors on such terms and conditions and with such restrictions as the
directors think fit; and
|
|
|
(3)
|
revoke,
withdraw, alter or vary all or any of the functions, duties and powers of the officer.
|
No
officer may be appointed unless that officer is qualified in accordance with the
Business Corporations Act
. One person
may hold more than one position as an officer of the Company. Any person appointed as the chair of the board or as a managing
director must be a director. Any other officer need not be a director.
20.4
|
Remuneration
and Terms of Appointment
|
All
appointments of officers are to be made on the terms and conditions and at the remuneration (whether by way of salary, fee, commission,
participation in profits or otherwise) that the directors think fit and are subject to termination at the pleasure of the directors,
and an officer may in addition to such remuneration be entitled to receive, after he or she ceases to hold such office or leaves
the employment of the Company, a pension or gratuity.
In
this Article 21:
(1)
|
“eligible
penalty” means a judgment, penalty or fine awarded or imposed in, or an amount paid in settlement of, an eligible proceeding;
|
(2)
|
“eligible
proceeding” means a legal proceeding or investigative action, whether current, threatened, pending or completed, in
which a director, former director or alternate director of the Company (an “eligible party”) or any of the heirs
and legal personal representatives of the eligible party, by reason of the eligible party being or having been a director
or alternate director of the Company:
|
|
(a)
|
is
or may be joined as a party; or
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
is
or may be liable for or in respect of a judgment, penalty or fine in, or expenses related to, the proceeding;
|
(3)
|
“expenses”
has the meaning set out in the
Business Corporations Act
.
|
21.2
|
Mandatory
Indemnification of Directors
|
Subject
to the
Business Corporations Act
, the Company must indemnify a director, former director or alternate director of the Company
and his or her heirs and legal personal representatives against all eligible penalties to which such person is or may be liable,
and the Company must, after the final disposition of an eligible proceeding, pay the expenses actually and reasonably incurred
by such person in respect of that proceeding. Each director and alternate director is deemed to have contracted with the Company
on the terms of the indemnity contained in this Article 21.2.
21.3
|
Permitted
Indemnification
|
Subject
to any restrictions in the
Business Corporations Act
, the Company may indemnify any person.
21.4
|
Non-Compliance
with
Business Corporations Act
|
The
failure of a director, alternate director or officer of the Company to comply with the
Business Corporations Act
or these
Articles or, if applicable, any former
Companies Act
or former Articles, does not invalidate any indemnity to which he
or she is entitled under this Part 21.
21.5
|
Company
May Purchase Insurance
|
The
Company may purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of any person (or his or her heirs or legal personal representatives)
who:
(1)
|
is
or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of the Company;
|
|
|
(2)
|
is
or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation at a time when the corporation is or was
an affiliate of the Company;
|
|
|
(3)
|
at
the request of the Company, is or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation or of a
partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity;
|
|
|
(4)
|
at
the request of the Company, holds or held a position equivalent to that of a director, alternate director or officer of a
partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity;
|
against
any liability incurred by him or her as such director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent or person who holds or held
such equivalent position.
22.1
|
Subject
to Special Rights
|
The
provisions of this Part 22 are subject to the special rights and restrictions, if any, attached to shares in the authorized share
structure of the Company.
22.2
|
Declaration
of Dividends
|
The
Company may from time to time declare and pay or set apart for payment any dividends the directors consider appropriate, whether
out of profits, capital or otherwise, including, without limitation, out of retained earnings, other income, contributed surplus,
capital surplus, share premium, appraisal surplus, or any other surplus or unrealized appreciation in the value of the property
of the Company.
The
Company need not give notice to any shareholder of any declaration under Article 22.2.
The
directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend.
The record date must not precede the date on which the dividend is to be paid by more than two months. If the directors do not
set a record date in respect of a particular dividend then unless the circumstances otherwise require, the record date will be
the date of the resolution of the directors declaring the dividend.
22.5
|
Manner
of Paying Dividends
|
The
Company may pay any dividend wholly or partly in one or more of the following ways:
(1)
|
in
money;
|
|
|
(2)
|
by
the distribution of property; or
|
|
|
(3)
|
by
issuing fully paid shares, warrants, bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company or of any other corporation.
|
22.6
|
Capitalization
of Retained Earnings or Surplus
|
The
Company may from time to time capitalize any amount, including, without limitation, any profits, retained earnings, income, surplus,
premium, or unrealized appreciation of the Company’s property which the directors consider appropriate, and the Company
may issue, as fully paid, shares, warrants, bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company, by way of a dividend or otherwise,
representing the profits, retained earnings, income, surplus, premium, or unrealized appreciation so capitalized or any part thereof.
22.7
|
Settlement
of Questions
|
If
any question arises in regard to a dividend, the directors may settle the question as they deem advisable, and, without limitation,
may:
(1)
|
determine
the value of any property distributed in payment of any dividend;
|
|
|
(2)
|
vest
any such property in trustees for the persons entitled to the dividend; and
|
|
|
(3)
|
determine
that money may be paid in substitution for all or any part of the property to which any shareholder is otherwise entitled
in payment of any dividend on the basis of the value so determined.
|
22.8
|
When
Dividend Payable
|
Any
dividend may be made payable on such date as is fixed by the directors.
22.9
|
Dividends
to be Paid in Accordance with Number of Shares
|
All
dividends on shares of any class or series of shares will be declared and paid to the holders of those shares rateably according
to the number of such shares held.
22.10
|
Receipt
by Joint Shareholders
|
If
two or more persons are joint shareholders of any share, any one of them may give an effective receipt for any dividend, bonus
or other amount payable in respect of the share.
22.11
|
Dividend
Bears No Interest
|
No
dividend bears interest against the Company.
If
a dividend to which a shareholder is entitled includes a fraction of the smallest monetary unit of the currency of the dividend,
that fraction may be disregarded in paying the dividend, and payment without that fraction represents full payment of the dividend.
Any
dividend or other distribution payable in money in respect of shares may be paid by any means including by cheque, made payable
to the order of the person to whom it is sent and mailed to the registered address of the shareholder, or in the case of joint
shareholders to the registered address of the joint shareholder who is first named on the central securities register, or to the
person and to the address the shareholder or joint shareholders may direct in writing. Such payment, and in particular the mailing
of such cheque will, to the extent of the amount so paid (plus the amount of the tax, if any, deducted or withheld from the dividend),
discharge all liability of the Company for the dividend unless such cheque is not paid on presentation or the amount of tax so
deducted or withheld is not paid to the appropriate taxing authority.
23.
|
Accounting
Records and Auditor
|
23.1
|
Recording
of Financial Affairs
|
The
directors must cause adequate accounting records to be kept to record properly the financial affairs and condition of the Company
and to comply with the
Business Corporations Act
.
23.2
|
Inspection
of Accounting Records
|
Unless
the directors determine otherwise, or unless otherwise determined by ordinary resolution, no shareholder of the Company is entitled
to inspect or obtain a copy of any accounting records of the Company.
23.3
|
Remuneration
of Auditor
|
The
directors may set the remuneration of the auditor of the Company.
24.1
|
Method
of Giving Notice
|
Unless
the
Business Corporations Act
or these Articles provide otherwise, a notice, statement, report or other record required
or permitted by the
Business Corporations Act
or these Articles to be sent by or to a person may be sent by any one of
the following methods:
(1)
|
mail
addressed to the person at the applicable address for that person as follows:
|
|
(a)
|
for
a record mailed to a shareholder, the shareholder’s registered address;
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
for
a record mailed to a director or officer, the prescribed address for mailing shown for the director or officer in the records
kept by the Company or the mailing address provided by the recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;
|
|
|
|
|
(c)
|
in
any other case, the mailing address of the intended recipient;
|
(2)
|
delivery
at the applicable address for that person as follows, addressed to the person:
|
|
(a)
|
for
a record delivered to a shareholder, the shareholder’s registered address;
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
for
a record delivered to a director or officer, the prescribed address for delivery shown for the director or officer in the
records kept by the Company or the delivery address provided by the recipient for the sending of that record or records of
that class;
|
|
|
|
|
(c)
|
in
any other case, the delivery address of the intended recipient;
|
(3)
|
unless
the intended recipient is the auditor of the Company, sending the record by fax to the fax number provided by the intended
recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;
|
(4)
|
unless
the intended recipient is the auditor of the Company, sending the record by e-mail to the e-mail address provided by the intended
recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;
|
(5)
|
physical
delivery to the intended recipient.
|
A
notice, statement, report or other record that is:
(1)
|
mailed
to a person by ordinary mail to the applicable address for that person referred to in Article 24.1 is deemed to be received
by the person to whom it was mailed on the day (Saturdays, Sundays and holidays excepted) following the date of mailing;
|
|
|
(2)
|
faxed
to a person to the fax number provided by that person referred to in Article 24.1 is deemed to be received by the person to
whom it was faxed on the day it was faxed; and
|
|
|
(3)
|
e-mailed
to a person to the e-mail address provided by that person referred to in Article 24.1 is deemed to be received by the person
to whom it was e-mailed on the day it was e-mailed.
|
24.3
|
Certificate
of Sending
|
A
certificate signed by the secretary, if any, or other officer of the Company or of any other corporation acting in that capacity
on behalf of the Company stating that a notice, statement, report or other record was sent in accordance with Article 24.1 is
conclusive evidence of that fact.
24.4
|
Notice
to Joint Shareholders
|
A
notice, statement, report or other record may be provided by the Company to the joint shareholders of a share by providing such
record to the joint shareholder first named in the central securities register in respect of the share.
24.5
|
Notice
to Legal Personal Representatives and Trustees
|
A
notice, statement, report or other record may be provided by the Company to the persons entitled to a share in consequence of
the death, bankruptcy or incapacity of a shareholder by:
(1)
|
mailing
the record, addressed to them:
|
|
(a)
|
by
name, by the title of the legal personal representative of the deceased or incapacitated shareholder, by the title of trustee
of the bankrupt shareholder or by any similar description; and
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
at
the address, if any, supplied to the Company for that purpose by the persons claiming to be so entitled; or
|
(2)
|
if
an address referred to in paragraph (1)(b) has not been supplied to the Company, by giving the notice in a manner in which
it might have been given if the death, bankruptcy or incapacity had not occurred.
|
If
on two consecutive occasions, a notice, statement, report or other record is sent to a shareholder pursuant to Article 24.1 and
on each of those occasions any such record is returned because the shareholder cannot be located, the Company shall not be required
to send any further records to the shareholder until the shareholder informs the Company in writing of his or her new address.
25.
|
Execution
of Documents; Use of Seal
|
25.1
|
Execution
of Documents
|
The
following persons (the “
Authorized Signatories
”) are authorized to execute, deliver and certify documents on
behalf of the Company, whether under seal or otherwise:
(1)
|
any
two directors;
|
|
|
(2)
|
if
the Company only has one director, that director alone;
|
|
|
(3)
|
any
officer, together with any director; or
|
|
|
(4)
|
any
one or more directors, officers or other persons authorized by resolution of the board.
|
Except
as provided in Articles 25.3 and 25.4, the seal must not be impressed on any record except when that impression is attested by
the signature or signatures of the required Authorized Signatories.
For
the purpose of certifying under seal a certificate of incumbency of the directors or officers of the Company or a true copy of
any resolution or other document, despite Article 25.2 the impression of the seal may be attested by the signature of any director
or officer or the signature of any other person as may be determined by the directors.
25.4
|
Mechanical
Reproduction of Seal
|
The
directors may authorize the seal to be impressed by third parties on share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities
of the Company as they may determine appropriate from time to time. To enable the seal to be impressed on any share certificates
or bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company, whether in definitive or interim form, on which facsimiles of any of
the signatures of the directors or officers of the Company are, in accordance with the
Business Corporations Act
or these
Articles, printed or otherwise mechanically reproduced, there may be delivered to the person employed to engrave, lithograph or
print such definitive or interim share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities one or more unmounted dies reproducing
the seal and such persons as are authorized under Article 25.2 to attest the seal may in writing authorize such person to cause
the seal to be impressed on such definitive or interim share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities by the use
of such dies. Share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities to which the seal has been so impressed are for all
purposes deemed to be under and to bear the seal impressed on them.
In
this Part 26:
(1)
|
“security”
has the meaning assigned in the
Securities Act
(British Columbia);
|
|
|
(2)
|
“transfer
restricted security” means:
|
|
(a)
|
a
share of the Company;
|
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
a
security of the Company convertible into shares of the Company;
|
|
|
|
|
(c)
|
any
other security of the Company which must be subject to restrictions on transfer in order for the Company to satisfy the requirement
for restrictions on transfer under the “private issuer” exemption of Canadian securities legislation or under
any other exemption from prospectus or registration requirements of Canadian securities legislation similar in scope and purpose
to the “private issuer” exemption.
|
Article
26.3 does not apply to the Company if and for so long as it is a public company or a pre-existing reporting company which has
the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions as part of these Articles or to which the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions apply.
26.3
|
Consent
Required for Transfer of Shares or Transfer Restricted Securities
|
No
share or other transfer restricted security may be sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of without the consent of the directors
and the directors are not required to give any reason for refusing to consent to any such sale, transfer or other disposition.
ANNEX
C
Sections
92A.300 to 92A.500 of the Nevada Revised Statutes
RIGHTS
OF DISSENTING OWNERS
NRS 92A.300 Definitions.
As
used in NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive, unless the context otherwise requires, the words and terms defined in NRS 92A.305 to
92A.335, inclusive, have the meanings ascribed to them in those sections.
NRS 92A.305 “Beneficial
stockholder” defined.
“Beneficial stockholder” means a person who is a beneficial owner of shares
held in a voting trust or by a nominee as the stockholder of record.
NRS 92A.310 “Corporate
action” defined.
“Corporate action” means the action of a domestic corporation.
NRS 92A.315 “Dissenter”
defined.
“Dissenter” means a stockholder who is entitled to dissent from a domestic corporation’s
action under NRS 92A.380 and who exercises that right when and in the manner required by NRS 92A.400 to 92A.480, inclusive.
NRS 92A.320 “Fair
value” defined.
“Fair value,” with respect to a dissenter’s shares, means the value of
the shares determined:
1. Immediately
before the effectuation of the corporate action to which the dissenter objects, excluding any appreciation or depreciation in
anticipation of the corporate action unless exclusion would be inequitable;
2. Using
customary and current valuation concepts and techniques generally employed for similar businesses in the context of the transaction
requiring appraisal; and
3. Without
discounting for lack of marketability or minority status.
NRS 92A.325 “Stockholder”
defined.
“Stockholder” means a stockholder of record or a beneficial stockholder of a domestic corporation.
NRS 92A.330 “Stockholder
of record” defined.
“Stockholder of record” means the person in whose name shares are registered
in the records of a domestic corporation or the beneficial owner of shares to the extent of the rights granted by a nominee’s
certificate on file with the domestic corporation.
NRS 92A.335 “Subject
corporation” defined.
“Subject corporation” means the domestic corporation which is the issuer
of the shares held by a dissenter before the corporate action creating the dissenter’s rights becomes effective or the surviving
or acquiring entity of that issuer after the corporate action becomes effective.
NRS 92A.340 Computation
of interest.
Interest payable pursuant to NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive, must be computed from the effective
date of the action until the date of payment, at the rate of interest most recently established pursuant to NRS 99.040.
NRS 92A.350 Rights
of dissenting partner of domestic limited partnership.
A partnership agreement of a domestic limited partnership
or, unless otherwise provided in the partnership agreement, an agreement of merger or exchange, may provide that contractual rights
with respect to the partnership interest of a dissenting general or limited partner of a domestic limited partnership are available
for any class or group of partnership interests in connection with any merger or exchange in which the domestic limited partnership
is a constituent entity.
NRS 92A.360 Rights
of dissenting member of domestic limited-liability company.
The articles of organization or operating agreement
of a domestic limited-liability company or, unless otherwise provided in the articles of organization or operating agreement,
an agreement of merger or exchange, may provide that contractual rights with respect to the interest of a dissenting member are
available in connection with any merger or exchange in which the domestic limited-liability company is a constituent entity.
NRS 92A.370 Rights
of dissenting member of domestic nonprofit corporation.
1. Except
as otherwise provided in subsection 2, and unless otherwise provided in the articles or bylaws, any member of any constituent
domestic nonprofit corporation who voted against the merger may, without prior notice, but within 30 days after the effective
date of the merger, resign from membership and is thereby excused from all contractual obligations to the constituent or surviving
corporations which did not occur before the member’s resignation and is thereby entitled to those rights, if any, which
would have existed if there had been no merger and the membership had been terminated or the member had been expelled.
2. Unless
otherwise provided in its articles of incorporation or bylaws, no member of a domestic nonprofit corporation, including, but not
limited to, a cooperative corporation, which supplies services described in chapter 704 of NRS to its members only, and no person
who is a member of a domestic nonprofit corporation as a condition of or by reason of the ownership of an interest in real property,
may resign and dissent pursuant to subsection 1.
NRS 92A.380 Right
of stockholder to dissent from certain corporate actions and to obtain payment for shares.
1. Except
as otherwise provided in NRS 92A.370 and 92A.390 and subject to the limitation in paragraph (f), any stockholder is entitled to
dissent from, and obtain payment of the fair value of the stockholder’s shares in the event of any of the following corporate
actions:
(a) Consummation
of a plan of merger to which the domestic corporation is a constituent entity:
(1) If
approval by the stockholders is required for the merger by NRS 92A.120 to 92A.160, inclusive, or the articles of incorporation,
regardless of whether the stockholder is entitled to vote on the plan of merger; or
(2) If
the domestic corporation is a subsidiary and is merged with its parent pursuant to NRS 92A.180.
(b) Consummation
of a plan of conversion to which the domestic corporation is a constituent entity as the corporation whose subject owner’s
interests will be converted.
(c) Consummation
of a plan of exchange to which the domestic corporation is a constituent entity as the corporation whose subject owner’s
interests will be acquired, if the stockholder’s shares are to be acquired in the plan of exchange.
(d) Any
corporate action taken pursuant to a vote of the stockholders to the extent that the articles of incorporation, bylaws or a resolution
of the board of directors provides that voting or nonvoting stockholders are entitled to dissent and obtain payment for their
shares.
(e) Accordance
of full voting rights to control shares, as defined in NRS 78.3784, only to the extent provided for pursuant to NRS 78.3793.
(f) Any
corporate action not described in this subsection that will result in the stockholder receiving money or scrip instead of a fraction
of a share except where the stockholder would not be entitled to receive such payment pursuant to NRS 78.205, 78.2055 or 78.207.
A dissent pursuant to this paragraph applies only to the fraction of a share, and the stockholder is entitled only to obtain payment
of the fair value of the fraction of a share.
2. A
stockholder who is entitled to dissent and obtain payment pursuant to NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive, may not challenge the
corporate action creating the entitlement unless the action is unlawful or fraudulent with respect to the stockholder or the domestic
corporation.
3. Subject
to the limitations in this subsection, from and after the effective date of any corporate action described in subsection 1, no
stockholder who has exercised the right to dissent pursuant to NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive, is entitled to vote his or her
shares for any purpose or to receive payment of dividends or any other distributions on shares. This subsection does not apply
to dividends or other distributions payable to stockholders on a date before the effective date of any corporate action from which
the stockholder has dissented. If a stockholder exercises the right to dissent with respect to a corporate action described in
paragraph (f) of subsection 1, the restrictions of this subsection apply only to the shares to be converted into a fraction of
a share and the dividends and distributions to those shares.
NRS 92A.390 Limitations
on right of dissent: Stockholders of certain classes or series; action of stockholders not required for plan of merger.
1. There
is no right of dissent with respect to a plan of merger, conversion or exchange in favor of stockholders of any class or series
which is:
(a) A
covered security under section 18(b)(1)(A) or (B) of the Securities Act of 1933, 15 U.S.C. § 77r(b)(1)(A) or (B), as amended;
(b) Traded
in an organized market and has at least 2,000 stockholders and a market value of at least $20,000,000, exclusive of the value
of such shares held by the corporation’s subsidiaries, senior executives, directors and beneficial stockholders owning more
than 10 percent of such shares; or
(c) Issued
by an open end management investment company registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Investment Company
Act of 1940, 15 U.S.C. §§ 80a-1 et seq., as amended, and which may be redeemed at the option of the holder at net asset
value,
Ê
unless the articles of incorporation of the corporation issuing the class or series or the resolution of the board of directors
approving the plan of merger, conversion or exchange expressly provide otherwise.
2. The
applicability of subsection 1 must be determined as of:
(a) The
record date fixed to determine the stockholders entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the meeting of stockholders to act
upon the corporate action requiring dissenter’s rights; or
(b) The
day before the effective date of such corporate action if there is no meeting of stockholders.
3. Subsection
1 is not applicable and dissenter’s rights are available pursuant to NRS 92A.380 for the holders of any class or series
of shares who are required by the terms of the corporate action requiring dissenter’s rights to accept for such shares anything
other than cash or shares of any class or any series of shares of any corporation, or any other proprietary interest of any other
entity, that satisfies the standards set forth in subsection 1 at the time the corporate action becomes effective.
4. There
is no right of dissent for any holders of stock of the surviving domestic corporation if the plan of merger does not require action
of the stockholders of the surviving domestic corporation under NRS 92A.130.
5. There
is no right of dissent for any holders of stock of the parent domestic corporation if the plan of merger does not require action
of the stockholders of the parent domestic corporation under NRS 92A.180.
NRS 92A.400 Limitations
on right of dissent: Assertion as to portions only to shares registered to stockholder; assertion by beneficial stockholder.
1. A
stockholder of record may assert dissenter’s rights as to fewer than all of the shares registered in his or her name only
if the stockholder of record dissents with respect to all shares of the class or series beneficially owned by any one person and
notifies the subject corporation in writing of the name and address of each person on whose behalf the stockholder of record asserts
dissenter’s rights. The rights of a partial dissenter under this subsection are determined as if the shares as to which
the partial dissenter dissents and his or her other shares were registered in the names of different stockholders.
2. A
beneficial stockholder may assert dissenter’s rights as to shares held on his or her behalf only if the beneficial stockholder:
(a) Submits
to the subject corporation the written consent of the stockholder of record to the dissent not later than the time the beneficial
stockholder asserts dissenter’s rights; and
(b) Does
so with respect to all shares of which he or she is the beneficial stockholder or over which he or she has power to direct the
vote.
NRS 92A.410 Notification
of stockholders regarding right of dissent.
1. If
a proposed corporate action creating dissenter’s rights is submitted to a vote at a stockholders’ meeting, the notice
of the meeting must state that stockholders are, are not or may be entitled to assert dissenter’s rights under NRS 92A.300
to 92A.500, inclusive. If the domestic corporation concludes that dissenter’s rights are or may be available, a copy of
NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive, must accompany the meeting notice sent to those record stockholders entitled to exercise dissenter’s
rights.
2. If
the corporate action creating dissenter’s rights is taken by written consent of the stockholders or without a vote of the
stockholders, the domestic corporation shall notify in writing all stockholders entitled to assert dissenter’s rights that
the action was taken and send them the dissenter’s notice described in NRS 92A.430.
NRS 92A.420 Prerequisites
to demand for payment for shares.
1. If
a proposed corporate action creating dissenter’s rights is submitted to a vote at a stockholders’ meeting, a stockholder
who wishes to assert dissenter’s rights with respect to any class or series of shares:
(a) Must
deliver to the subject corporation, before the vote is taken, written notice of the stockholder’s intent to demand payment
for his or her shares if the proposed action is effectuated; and
(b) Must
not vote, or cause or permit to be voted, any of his or her shares of such class or series in favor of the proposed action.
2. If
a proposed corporate action creating dissenter’s rights is taken by written consent of the stockholders, a stockholder who
wishes to assert dissenter’s rights with respect to any class or series of shares must not consent to or approve the proposed
corporate action with respect to such class or series.
3. A
stockholder who does not satisfy the requirements of subsection 1 or 2 and NRS 92A.400 is not entitled to payment for his or her
shares under this chapter.
NRS 92A.430 Dissenter’s
notice: Delivery to stockholders entitled to assert rights; contents.
1. The
subject corporation shall deliver a written dissenter’s notice to all stockholders of record entitled to assert dissenter’s
rights in whole or in part, and any beneficial stockholder who has previously asserted dissenter’s rights pursuant to NRS
92A.400.
2. The
dissenter’s notice must be sent no later than 10 days after the effective date of the corporate action specified in NRS
92A.380, and must:
(a) State
where the demand for payment must be sent and where and when certificates, if any, for shares must be deposited;
(b) Inform
the holders of shares not represented by certificates to what extent the transfer of the shares will be restricted after the demand
for payment is received;
(c) Supply
a form for demanding payment that includes the date of the first announcement to the news media or to the stockholders of the
terms of the proposed action and requires that the person asserting dissenter’s rights certify whether or not the person
acquired beneficial ownership of the shares before that date;
(d) Set
a date by which the subject corporation must receive the demand for payment, which may not be less than 30 nor more than 60 days
after the date the notice is delivered and state that the stockholder shall be deemed to have waived the right to demand payment
with respect to the shares unless the form is received by the subject corporation by such specified date; and
(e) Be
accompanied by a copy of NRS 92A.300 to 92A.500, inclusive.
NRS 92A.440 Demand
for payment and deposit of certificates; loss of rights of stockholder; withdrawal from appraisal process.
1. A
stockholder who receives a dissenter’s notice pursuant to NRS 92A.430 and who wishes to exercise dissenter’s rights
must:
(a) Demand
payment;
(b) Certify
whether the stockholder or the beneficial owner on whose behalf he or she is dissenting, as the case may be, acquired beneficial
ownership of the shares before the date required to be set forth in the dissenter’s notice for this certification; and
(c) Deposit
the stockholder’s certificates, if any, in accordance with the terms of the notice.
2. If
a stockholder fails to make the certification required by paragraph (b) of subsection 1, the subject corporation may elect to
treat the stockholder’s shares as after-acquired shares under NRS 92A.470.
3. Once
a stockholder deposits that stockholder’s certificates or, in the case of uncertified shares makes demand for payment, that
stockholder loses all rights as a stockholder, unless the stockholder withdraws pursuant to subsection 4.
4. A
stockholder who has complied with subsection 1 may nevertheless decline to exercise dissenter’s rights and withdraw from
the appraisal process by so notifying the subject corporation in writing by the date set forth in the dissenter’s notice
pursuant to NRS 92A.430. A stockholder who fails to so withdraw from the appraisal process may not thereafter withdraw without
the subject corporation’s written consent.
5. The
stockholder who does not demand payment or deposit his or her certificates where required, each by the date set forth in the dissenter’s
notice, is not entitled to payment for his or her shares under this chapter.
NRS 92A.450 Uncertificated
shares: Authority to restrict transfer after demand for payment.
The subject corporation may restrict the transfer
of shares not represented by a certificate from the date the demand for their payment is received.
ANNEX
D
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
2016
STOCK OPTION AND STOCK BONUS PLAN
1.
Purposes of and Benefits Under the Plan.
This 2016 Stock Option and Stock Bonus Plan, (the “Plan”), is intended
to encourage stock ownership by employees, consultants, officers and directors of Gold Torrent, Inc. and its controlled, affiliated
and subsidiary entities if any (collectively, the “Corporation”), so that they may acquire or increase their proprietary
interest in the Corporation, and is intended to facilitate the Corporation’s efforts to: (i) induce qualified persons to
become employees, officers and directors (whether or not they are employees) and consultants to the Corporation; (ii) compensate
employees, officers, directors and consultants for services to the Corporation; and (iii) encourage such persons to remain in
the employ of or associated with the Corporation and to put forth maximum efforts for the success of the Corporation. It is further
intended that options granted by the Committee pursuant to Section 6 of this Plan shall constitute “incentive stock options”
(“Incentive Stock Options”) within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, and the regulations issued
thereunder, and options granted by the Committee pursuant to Section 7 of this Plan shall constitute “non-qualified stock
options” (“Non-qualified Stock Options”). “Options” means options granted pursuant to the provisions
of this Plan, whether Incentive Stock Options or Non-qualified Stock Options.
2.
Definitions.
As used in this Plan, the following words and phrases shall have the meanings indicated:
(a)
“Board” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
(b)
“Bonus” means any Common Stock bonus issued pursuant to the provisions of this Plan.
(c)
“Committee” shall mean any Committee appointed by the Board to administer this Plan, if one has been appointed. If
no Committee has been appointed, the term “Committee” shall mean the Board.
(d)
“Common Stock” shall mean the Corporation’s $0.01 par value common stock.
(e)
“Disability” shall mean a Recipient’s inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any
medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death or that has lasted or can be expected
to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months. If the recipient is covered by a disability insurance plan sponsored
by the Corporation, the term “Disability” shall be as defined therein.
(f)
“Fair Market Value” per share as of a particular date shall mean the last sale price of the Corporation’s Common
Stock as reported on the national securities exchange on which the stock is principally traded on such date, or if such date was
not a trading date, on the immediately preceding trading date or, if such quotations are unavailable, the value determined by
the Committee in accordance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code.
(g)
“Recipient” means any person granted an Option or awarded a Bonus hereunder.
(h)
“Internal Revenue Code” shall mean the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time (codified
as Title 26 of the United States Code) and any successor legislation.
3.
Administration.
(a)
The Plan shall be administered by the Committee. The Committee shall have the authority in its discretion, subject to and not
inconsistent with the express provisions of the Plan, to administer the Plan and to exercise all the powers and authorities either
specifically conferred under the Plan or necessary or advisable in the administration of the Plan, including the authority: to
grant Options and Bonuses; to determine the vesting schedule and other restrictions, if any, relating to Options and Bonuses;
to determine the purchase price of the shares of Common Stock covered by each Option (the “Option Price”); to determine
the persons to whom, and the time or times at which, Options and Bonuses shall be granted; to determine the number of shares to
be covered by each Option or Bonus; to determine Fair Market Value per share; to interpret the Plan; to prescribe, amend and rescind
rules and regulations relating to the Plan; to determine the terms and provisions of the Option agreements (which need not be
identical) entered into in connection with Options granted under the Plan; and to make all other determinations deemed necessary
or advisable for the administration of the Plan. The Committee may delegate to one or more of its members or to one or more agents
such administrative duties as it may deem advisable, and the Committee or any person to whom it has delegated duties as aforesaid
may employ one or more persons to render advice with respect to any responsibility the Committee or such person may have under
the Plan.
(b)
Options and Bonuses granted under the Plan shall be evidenced by duly adopted resolutions of the Committee included in the minutes
of the meeting at which they are adopted or in a unanimous written consent.
(c)
The Committee shall endeavor to administer the Plan and grant Options and Bonuses hereunder in a manner that is compatible with
the obligations of persons subject to Section 16 of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “1934 Act”), although
compliance with Section 16 is the obligation of the Recipient, not the Corporation. Neither the Committee, the Board nor the Corporation
can assume any legal responsibility for a Recipient’s compliance with his obligations under Section 16 of the 1934 Act.
(d)
No member of the Committee or the Board shall be liable for any action taken or determination made in good faith with respect
to the Plan or any Option or Bonus granted hereunder.
4.
Eligibility.
(a)
Subject to certain limitations hereinafter set forth, Options and Bonuses may be granted to employees (including officers), consultants,
advisors, and directors (whether or not they are employees) of the Corporation or its present or future divisions, affiliates
and subsidiaries. In determining the persons to whom Options or Bonuses shall be granted and the number of shares to be covered
by each Option or Bonus, the Committee shall take into account the duties of the respective persons, their present and potential
contributions to the success of the Corporation, and such other factors as the Committee shall deem relevant to accomplish the
purposes of the Plan.
(b)
A Recipient shall be eligible to receive more than one grant of an Option or Bonus during the term of the Plan, on the terms and
subject to the restrictions herein set forth.
5.
Stock Reserved.
(a)
The stock subject to Options or Bonuses hereunder shall be shares of Common Stock. Such shares, in whole or in part, may be authorized
but unissued shares or shares that shall have been or that may be reacquired by the Corporation. The aggregate number of shares
of Common Stock as to which Options and Bonuses may be granted from time to time under the Plan shall not exceed the greater of
(i) 20,000,000 shares or (ii) 10% of the total shares outstanding, subject to adjustment as provided in Section 8(i) hereof.
(b)
If any Option outstanding under the Plan for any reason expires or is terminated without having been exercised in full, or if
any Bonus granted is forfeited because of vesting or other restrictions imposed at the time of grant, the shares of Common Stock
allocable to the unexercised portion of such Option or the forfeited portion of the Bonus shall become available for subsequent
grants of Options and Bonuses under the Plan.
6.
Incentive Stock Options.
(a)
Options granted pursuant to this Section 6 are intended to constitute Incentive Stock Options and shall be subject to the following
special terms and conditions, in addition to the general terms and conditions specified in Section 8 hereof. Only employees of
the Corporation shall be entitled to receive Incentive Stock Options.
(b)
The aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the date the Incentive Stock Option is granted) of the shares of Common Stock
with respect to which Incentive Stock Options granted under this and any other plan of the Corporation or any parent or subsidiary
of the Corporation are exercisable for the first time by a Recipient during any calendar year may not exceed the amount set forth
in Section 422(d) of the Internal Revenue Code.
(c)
Incentive Stock Options granted under this Plan are intended to satisfy all requirements for incentive stock options under Section
422 of the Internal Revenue Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder and, notwithstanding any other provision
of this Plan, the Plan and all Incentive Stock Options granted under it shall be so construed, and all contrary provisions shall
be so limited in scope and effect and, to the extent they cannot be so limited, they shall be void.
7.
Non-qualified Stock Options.
Options granted pursuant to this Section 7 are intended to constitute Non-qualified Stock
Options and shall be subject only to the general terms and conditions specified in Section 8 hereof.
8.
Terms and Conditions of Options.
Each Option granted pursuant to the Plan shall be evidenced by a written Option agreement
between the Corporation and the Recipient, which agreement shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto as modified
from time to time by the Committee in its discretion, and which shall comply with and be subject to the following terms and conditions:
(a)
Number of Shares.
Each Option agreement shall state the number of shares of Common Stock covered by the Option.
(b)
Type of Option.
Each Option Agreement shall specify whether it is intended to be an Incentive Stock Option or a Non-qualified
Stock Option.
(c)
Option Price.
Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 8(i) hereof, each Option agreement shall state the Option Price,
which shall be determined by the Committee subject only to the following restrictions:
(1)
Each Option Agreement shall state the Option Price, which (except as otherwise set forth in paragraphs 8(c)(2) hereof) shall not
be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value per share on the date of grant of the Option.
(2)
Any Incentive Stock Option granted under the Plan to a person owning more than ten percent of the total combined voting power
of all classes of stock of the Corporation shall be at a price of no less than 110% of the Fair Market Value per share on the
date of grant of the Incentive Stock Option.
(3)
The date on which the Committee adopts a resolution expressly granting an Option shall be considered the day on which such option
is granted, unless a future date is specified in the resolution.
(d)
Term of Option.
Each Option agreement shall state the period during and times at which the Option shall be exercisable,
in accordance with the following limitations:
(1)
The date on which the Committee adopts a resolution expressly granting an Option shall be considered the day on which such Option
is granted, unless a future date is specified in the resolution.
(2)
The exercise period of any Option shall not exceed ten years from the date of grant of the Option.
(3)
Incentive Stock Options granted to a person owning more than ten percent of the total combined voting power of all classes of
stock of the Corporation shall be for no more than five years.
(4)
The Committee shall have the authority to accelerate or extend the exercisability of any outstanding Option at such time and under
such circumstances as it, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate; provided, however, that (i) the Committee shall not extend
the exercise period of any outstanding Option held by an insider (as that term is defined or commonly used in applicable securities
laws) without first obtaining the approval of disinterested shareholders of such extension, and (ii) no such extension shall result
in a violation of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. In any event, no exercise period may be so extended to increase the
term of the Option beyond ten years from the date of the grant.
(5)
The exercise period shall be subject to earlier termination as provided in Sections 8(f) and 8(g) hereof, and, furthermore, shall
be terminated upon surrender of the Option by the holder thereof if such surrender has been authorized in advance by the Committee.
(e)
Method of Exercise and Medium and Time of Payment.
(1)
An Option may be exercised as to any or all whole shares of Common Stock as to which it then is exercisable, provided, however,
that no Option may be exercised as to less than 100 shares (or such number of shares as to which the Option is then exercisable
if such number of shares is less than 100).
(2)
Each exercise of an Option granted hereunder, whether in whole or in part, shall be effected by written notice to the Secretary
of the Corporation (or his or her agent) designating the number of shares as to which the Option is being exercised, and shall
be accompanied by payment in full of the Option Price for the number of shares so designated, together with any written statements
required by, or deemed by the Corporation’s counsel to be advisable pursuant to, any applicable securities laws.
(3)
The Option Price shall be paid in cash, or in shares of Common Stock having a Fair Market Value equal to such Option Price, or
in property or in a combination of cash, shares and property and, subject to approval of the Committee, may be effected in whole
or in part with funds received from the Corporation at the time of exercise as a compensatory cash payment.
(4)
The Committee shall have the sole and absolute discretion to determine whether or not property other than cash or Common Stock
may be used to purchase the shares of Common Stock hereunder and, if so, to determine the value of the property received.
(5)
The Recipient shall make provision for the withholding of taxes as required by Section 10 hereof.
(f)
Termination.
(1)
Unless otherwise provided in the Option Agreement by and between the Corporation and the Recipient, if the Recipient ceases to
be an employee, officer, director or consultant of the Corporation (other than by reason of death or Disability), all vested Options
theretofore granted to such Recipient but not theretofore exercised shall terminate upon the earlier of (i) three months following
the date the Recipient ceased to be an employee, officer, director or consultant of the Corporation, and (ii) the end of the originally
scheduled term of the option, provided that such vested Options shall expire upon the date of termination of employment or other
relationship if discharged for cause. Any options that were not vested as of the date of termination shall expire immediately
upon the date the Recipient ceases to be an employee, officer, director or consultant of the Corporation.
(2)
Nothing in the Plan or in any Option or Bonus granted hereunder shall confer upon an individual any right to continue in the employ
of or other relationship with the Corporation or interfere in any way with the right of the Corporation to terminate such employment
or other relationship between the individual and the Corporation.
(g)
Death or Disability of Recipient.
Unless otherwise provided in the Option Agreement by and between the Corporation and
the Recipient, if a Recipient shall die while an employee, officer, director or consultant of the Corporation, or within the three
month period described in Section 8(f)(1) above, or if the Recipient’s relationship with the Corporation shall terminate
by reason of Disability, all vested Options theretofore granted to such Recipient, may be exercised by the Recipient or by the
Recipient’s estate or by a person who acquired the right to exercise such Options by bequest or inheritance or otherwise
by reason of the death or Disability of the Recipient, until the earlier of (i) one year after the date of death or Disability
of the Recipient; or (ii) the end of the originally scheduled term of the option. Any Options that are not vested as of the date
the Recipient’s employment or other relationship with the Corporation terminates as a result of death or Disability shall
expire immediately on the date such service relationship terminates.
(h)
Transferability Restriction.
(1)
Options granted under the Plan shall not be transferable other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution or, with
respect to a Non-Qualified Option, pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order as defined by the Internal Revenue Code or
Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, or the rules thereunder. Options may be exercised during the lifetime
of the Recipient only by the Recipient and thereafter only by his legal representative.
(2)
Any attempted sale, pledge, assignment, hypothecation or other transfer of an Option contrary to the provisions hereof and/or
the levy of any execution, attachment or similar process upon an Option, shall be null and void and without force or effect and
shall result in a termination of the Option.
(3)
(A) As a condition to the transfer of any shares of Common Stock issued upon exercise of an Option granted under this Plan, the
Corporation may require an opinion of counsel, satisfactory to the Corporation, to the effect that such transfer will not be in
violation of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”) or any other applicable securities laws
or that such transfer has been registered under federal and all applicable state securities laws. (B) Further, the Corporation
shall be authorized to refrain from delivering or transferring shares of Common Stock issued under this Plan until the Committee
determines that such delivery or transfer will not violate applicable securities laws and the Recipient has tendered to the Corporation
any federal, state or local tax owed by the Recipient as a result of exercising the Option or disposing of any Common Stock when
the Corporation has a legal liability to satisfy such tax. (C) The Corporation shall not be liable for damages due to delay in
the delivery or issuance of any stock certificate for any reason whatsoever, including, but not limited to, a delay caused by
listing requirements of any securities exchange or any registration requirements under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, or under any
other state, federal or provincial law, rule or regulation. (D) The Corporation is under no obligation to take any action or incur
any expense in order to register or qualify the delivery or transfer of shares of Common Stock under applicable securities laws
or to perfect any exemption from such registration or qualification. (E) Furthermore, the Corporation will not be liable to any
Recipient for failure to deliver or transfer shares of Common Stock if such failure is based upon the provisions of this paragraph.
(i)
Effect of Certain Changes.
(1)
If any change is made in the Common Stock without the receipt of consideration by the Corporation (through merger, consolidation,
reorganization, recapitalization, reincorporation, stock dividend, dividend in property other than cash, stock split, liquidating
dividend, combination of shares, exchange of shares, change in corporate structure or other transaction not involving the receipt
of consideration by the Corporation), the Plan will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and maximum number of securities
subject to the Plan, and the outstanding Options and Bonuses will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and number of securities
and price per share of Common Stock (if applicable) subject to such outstanding Options and Bonuses. The Board shall make such
adjustments, and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive; provided that each Option granted pursuant to this
Plan shall not be adjusted in a manner that (i) causes such Option to fail to continue to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option
within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, if the Option was originally intended to be an Incentive Stock
Option, or (ii) causes the Option to become subject to Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code.
(2)
Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Option Agreement or other award document delivered to the Recipient, in the event
of (i) a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation, (ii) a consolidation or
merger of the Corporation with or into any other corporation or other entity or person (or any other corporate reorganization)
in which the shareholders of the Corporation immediately prior to such consolidation, merger or reorganization, own less than
fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting power of the surviving entity (or its parent) following the consolidation, merger
or reorganization or (iii) a transaction or series or related transactions pursuant to which any person, entity or group within
the meaning of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of the 1934 Act, or any comparable successor provisions (excluding any employee benefit
plan, or related trust, sponsored or maintained by the Corporation or an affiliate) acquires beneficial ownership (within the
meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the 1934 Act, or comparable successor rule) of securities of the Corporation representing
at least fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power entitled to vote in the election of directors (individually, a “Change
of Control”), then any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation (or parent thereof) shall assume any Options or Bonuses
outstanding under the Plan or shall substitute similar stock awards (including an award to acquire the same consideration paid
to the shareholders in the Change of Control for those outstanding under the Plan). In the event any surviving corporation or
acquiring corporation (or parent thereof) refuses to assume such Options or Bonus Awards or to substitute similar stock awards
for those outstanding under the Plan, then (A) with respect to Options or Bonuses held by Recipients whose continuous service
to the Corporation has not terminated as of the date of the Change of Control, the vesting of such Options and Bonuses (and the
time during which such Options may be exercised) shall be accelerated in full, and any Options shall terminate if not exercised
at or prior to the Change of Control, and (B) with respect to any other Options outstanding under the Plan, such Options shall
terminate if not exercised (if applicable) prior to the Change of Control. In connection with a Change of Control, the Corporation
or any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation shall have the right, but not the obligation, to cash out an Option in lieu
of requiring the Participant to exercise such Option in accordance with its terms, and the Corporation or any surviving corporation
or acquiring corporation shall have the right, but not the obligation, to make any such cash out subject to any escrow, earn-out
or other contingent or deferred payment arrangement that is contemplated by such Change of Control transaction.
(3)
Except as expressly provided in this Section 8(i), the Recipient shall have no rights by reason of any subdivision or consolidation
of shares of stock of any class, or the payment of any stock dividend or any other increase or decrease in the number of shares
of stock of any class, or by reason of any dissolution, liquidation, merger, or consolidation or spin-off of assets or stock of
another corporation; and any issue by the Corporation of shares of stock of any class, or securities convertible into shares of
stock of any class, shall not affect, and no adjustment by reason thereof shall be made with respect to, the number or price of
shares of Common Stock subject to an Option. The grant of an Option or Bonus pursuant to the Plan shall not affect in any way
the right or power of the Corporation to make adjustments, reclassifications, reorganizations or changes of its capital or business
structures, or to merge or consolidate, or to dissolve, liquidate, or sell or transfer all or any part of its business or assets.
(j)
No Rights as Shareholder - Non-Distributive Intent.
(1)
Neither a Recipient of an Option nor such Recipient’s legal representative, heir, legatee or distributee, shall be deemed
to be the holder of, or to have any rights of a holder with respect to, any shares subject to such Option until after the Option
is exercised and the shares are issued.
(2)
No adjustment shall be made for dividends (ordinary or extraordinary, whether in cash, securities or other property) or distributions
or other rights for which the record date is prior to the date such stock certificate is issued, except as provided in Section
8(i) hereof.
(3)
Upon exercise of an Option at a time when there is no registration statement in effect under the 1933 Act relating to the shares
issuable upon exercise, shares may be issued to the Recipient only if the Recipient represents and warrants in writing to the
Corporation that the shares purchased are being acquired for investment and not with a view to the distribution thereof and provides
the Corporation with sufficient information to establish an exemption from the registration requirements of the 1933 Act. A form
of subscription agreement containing representations and warranties deemed sufficient as of the date of adoption of this Plan
is attached hereto as Exhibit B.
(4)
No shares shall be issued upon the exercise of an Option unless and until there shall have been compliance with any then applicable
requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or any other regulatory agencies having jurisdiction over the Corporation.
(k)
Other Provisions.
Option Agreements authorized under the Plan may contain such other provisions, including, without limitation,
(i) the imposition of restrictions upon the exercise, and (ii) in the case of an Incentive Stock Option, the inclusion of any
condition not inconsistent with such Option qualifying as an Incentive Stock Option, as the Committee shall deem advisable.
9.
Grant of Stock Bonuses.
In addition to, or in lieu of, the grant of an Option, the Committee may grant Bonuses, up to a
maximum of 2,000,000 shares of Common Stock on an annual basis except that the initial grant may be up to 4,000,000 shares.
(a)
At the time of grant of a Bonus, the Committee may impose a vesting period of up to ten years, and such other restrictions which
it deems appropriate. Unless otherwise directed by the Committee at the time of grant of a Bonus, the Recipient shall be considered
a shareholder of the Corporation as to the Bonus shares which have vested in the grantee at any time regardless of any forfeiture
provisions which have not yet arisen.
(b)
The grant of a Bonus and the issuance and delivery of shares of Common Stock pursuant thereto shall be subject to approval by
the Corporation’s counsel of all legal matters in connection therewith, including compliance with the requirements of the
1933 Act, the 1934 Act, other applicable securities laws, rules and regulations, and the requirements of any stock exchanges upon
which the Common Stock then may be listed. Any certificates prepared to evidence Common Stock issued pursuant to a Bonus grant
shall bear legends as the Corporation’s counsel may deem necessary or advisable. Included among the foregoing requirements,
but without limitation, any Recipient of a Bonus at a time when a registration statement relating thereto is not effective under
the 1933 Act shall execute a Subscription Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit B.
10.
Agreement by Recipient Regarding Withholding Tax.
A Recipient will be solely responsible for paying any applicable withholding
taxes arising from the grant, vesting or exercise of any Option or the grant or receipt of a Bonus and any payment is to be in
a manner satisfactory to the Corporation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation will have the right to withhold from
any amount payable to a Recipient, either under the Plan or otherwise, such amount as may be necessary to enable the Corporation
to comply with the applicable requirements of any federal, provincial, state, local or foreign law, or any administrative policy
of any applicable tax authority, relating to the withholding of tax or any other required deductions with respect to awards hereunder
(“Withholding Obligations”). The Corporation may require a Recipient, as a condition to the exercise of an Option
or receipt of a Bonus to make such arrangements as the Corporation may require so that the Corporation can satisfy applicable
Withholding Obligations, including, without limitation, requiring the Recipient to (i) remit the amount of any such Withholding
Obligations to the Corporation in advance; (ii) reimburse the Corporation for any such Withholding Obligations; or (iii) cause
a broker to sell Common Stock acquired by the Recipient under the Plan on behalf of the Recipient and to withhold from the proceeds
realized from such sale the amount required to satisfy any such Withholding Obligations and to remit such amount directly to the
Corporation.
Any
Common Stock of a Recipient that is sold by a broker engaged by the Corporation to sell such Common Stock on behalf of the Recipient
(the “Broker”) to fund Withholding Obligations will be sold as soon as practicable in transactions effected on the
NYSE Amex or the Toronto Stock Exchange. In effecting the sale of any such Common Stock, the Corporation or the Broker will exercise
its sole judgment as to the timing and manner of sale and will not be obligated to seek or obtain a minimum price. Neither the
Corporation nor the Broker will be liable for any loss arising out of any sale of such Common Stock including any loss relating
to the manner or timing of such sales, the prices at which the Common Stock are sold or otherwise. In addition, neither the Corporation
nor the Broker will be liable for any loss arising from a delay in transferring any Common Stock to a Recipient. The sale price
of Common Stock sold on behalf of Recipients will fluctuate with the market price of the Corporation’s Common Stock and
no assurance can be given that any particular price will be received upon any such sale.
11.
Term of Plan.
Options and Bonuses may be granted under this Plan from time to time within a period of ten years from the
date the Plan is adopted by the Board.
12.
Amendment and Termination of the Plan.
(a)
(1) Subject to the policies, rules and regulations of any lawful authority having jurisdiction (including any exchange with which
the shares of the Corporation are listed for trading), the Board of Directors may at any time, without further action by the shareholders,
amend the Plan or any Option granted hereunder in such respects as it may consider advisable and, without limiting the generality
of the foregoing, it may do so to ensure that Options granted hereunder will comply with any provisions respecting stock options
in the income tax and other laws in force in any country or jurisdiction of which any Option holders may from time to time be
a resident or citizen, or it may at any time without action by shareholders terminate the Plan.
(2)
provided, however, that any amendment that would: (A) materially increase the number of securities issuable under the Plan to
persons who are subject to Section 16(a) of the 1934 Act; or (B) grant eligibility to a class of persons who are subject to Section
16(a) of the 1934 Act and are not included within the terms of the Plan prior to the amendment; or (C) materially increase the
benefits accruing to persons who are subject to Section 16(a) of the 1934 Act under the Plan; or (D) require shareholder approval
under applicable state law, the rules and regulations of any national securities exchange on which the Corporation’s securities
then may be listed, the Internal Revenue Code or any other applicable law, shall be subject to the approval of the shareholders
of the Corporation as provided in Section 13 hereof.
(3)
provided further that any such increase or modification that may result from adjustments authorized by Section 8(i) hereof or
which are required for compliance with the 1934 Act, the Internal Revenue Code, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
1974, their rules or other laws or judicial order, shall not require such approval of the shareholders.
(b)
Except as provided in Section 8 hereof, no suspension, termination, modification or amendment of the Plan may adversely affect
any Option previously granted, unless the written consent of the Recipient is obtained, provided, however that no such consent
shall be required with respect to any modification or amendment deemed necessary in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors
to comply with (or be exempt from) the requirements of Section 409 of the Internal Revenue Code.
13.
Approval of Shareholders.
The Plan shall take effect upon its adoption by the Board but shall be subject to approval at
a duly called and held meeting of stockholders in conformance with the vote required by the Corporation’s governing documents,
resolution of the Board, any other applicable law and the rules and regulations thereunder, or the rules and regulations of any
national securities exchange upon which the Corporation’s Common Stock is listed and traded, each to the extent applicable.
14.
Termination of Right of Action.
Every right of action arising out of or in connection with the Plan by or on behalf of
the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries, or by any shareholder of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries against any past,
present or future member of the Board, or against any employee, or by an employee (past, present or future) against the Corporation
or any of its subsidiaries, will, irrespective of the place where an action may be brought and irrespective of the place of residence
of any such shareholder, director or employee, cease and be barred by the expiration of three years from the date of the act or
omission in respect of which such right of action is alleged to have risen.
15.
Tax Litigation.
The Corporation shall have the right, but not the obligation, to contest, at its expense, any tax ruling
or decision, administrative or judicial, on any issue which is related to the Plan and which the Board believes to be important
to holders of Options issued under the Plan and to conduct any such contest or any litigation arising therefrom to a final decision.
16.
Adoption.
(a)
This Plan was approved by resolution of the Board of Directors of the Corporation on September 30, 2016.
(b)
If this Plan is not approved by the shareholders of the Corporation within 12 months of the date the Plan was approved by the
Board as required by Section 422(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code, this Plan and any Options granted hereunder to Recipients
shall be and remain effective, but the reference to Incentive Stock Options herein shall be deleted and all Options granted hereunder
shall be Non-qualified Stock Options pursuant to Section 7 hereof.
17.
Governing Law, Consent to Personal Jurisdiction.
This Plan will be governed by the internal laws of the State of Nevada
without regard to rules regarding conflicts of laws. Each Recipient consents to the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal
courts located in Idaho for any lawsuit filed there against the Recipient by the Company arising from or relating to this Plan.
Any controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Plan or shall be settled by arbitration in the City of Boise, Ada
County, Idaho in accordance with the rules then existing of the American Arbitration Association and judgment upon the award may
be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.
18.
Section 409A.
This Plan and all awards granted hereunder are intended to be exempt from the requirements of Section 409A
of the Internal Revenue Code, and this Plan and any award agreements issued hereunder shall be interpreted and administered accordingly.
[End
of Plan]
Exhibit
A
FORM
OF STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
STOCK
OPTION AGREEMENT made as of this ___ day of ____________, ______, by and between Gold Torrent, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the
“Corporation”), and ________________ __________________________ (the “Recipient”).
In
accordance with the Corporation’s 2016 Stock Option and Stock Bonus Plan, as amended (the “Plan”), the provisions
of which are incorporated herein by reference, the Corporation desires, in connection with the services of the Recipient, to provide
the Recipient with an opportunity to acquire shares of the Corporation’s $0.01 par value common stock (“Common Stock”)
on favorable terms and thereby increase the Recipient’s proprietary interest in the Corporation and incentive to put forth
maximum efforts for the success of the business of the Corporation. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein are used as
defined in the Plan.
NOW,
THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants herein set forth and other good and valuable consideration, the
Corporation and the Recipient agree as follows:
1.
Confirmation of Grant of Option.
Pursuant to a determination of the Committee or, in the absence of a Committee, by the
Board of Directors of the Corporation made on ___________, _____ (the “Date of Grant”), the Corporation, subject to
the terms of the Plan and of this Agreement, confirms that the Recipient has been irrevocably granted on the Date of Grant, as
a matter of separate inducement and agreement, and in addition to and not in lieu of salary or other compensation for services,
a Stock Option (the “Option”) exercisable to purchase an aggregate of ______ shares of Common Stock on the terms and
conditions herein set forth, subject to adjustment as provided in Paragraph 8 hereof. The Option is an [Incentive Stock Option
pursuant to Section 6 of the Plan or a Non-Qualified Stock Option pursuant to Section 7 of the Plan].
2.
Option Price.
The Option Price of shares of Common Stock covered by the Option will be $_____ per share (the “Option
Price”) subject to adjustment as provided in Paragraph 8 hereof.
3.
Vesting and Exercise of Option.
(a)
Except as otherwise provided herein or in Section 8 of the Plan, the Option [shall vest and become exercisable as follows: (insert
vesting schedule), provided, however, that no option shall vest or become exercisable unless the Recipient is an employee, consultant,
or director of the Corporation on such vesting date/or may be exercised in whole or in part at any time during the term of the
Option.]
(b)
The Option may not be exercised at any one time as to fewer than 100 shares (or such number of shares as to which the Option is
then exercisable if such number of shares is less than 100).
(c)
The Option may be exercised by written notice to the Secretary of the Corporation (or his or her agent) accompanied by payment
in full of the Option Price as provided in Section 8 of the Plan.
4.
Term of Option.
The term of the Option will be through __________, ____, subject to earlier termination or cancellation
as provided in this Agreement. The holder of the Option will not have any rights to dividends or any other rights of a shareholder
with respect to any shares of Common Stock subject to the Option until such shares shall have been issued (as evidenced by the
appropriate transfer agent of the Corporation) upon purchase of such shares through exercise of the Option.
5.
Transferability Restriction.
The Option may not be assigned, transferred or otherwise disposed of, or pledged or hypothecated
in any way (whether by operation of law or otherwise) except in strict compliance with Section 8 of the Plan. Any assignment,
transfer, pledge, hypothecation or other disposition of the Option or any attempt to make any levy of execution, attachment or
other process will cause the Option to terminate immediately upon the happening of any such event; provided, however, that any
such termination of the Option under the provisions of this Paragraph 5 will not prejudice any rights or remedies which the Corporation
may have under this Agreement or otherwise.
6.
Exercise Upon Termination.
The Recipient’s rights to exercise this Option upon termination of employment or cessation
of service as an officer, director or consultant shall be as set forth in Section 8(f) of the Plan.
7.
Death, Disability or Retirement of Recipient.
The exercisability of this Option upon the death, Disability or retirement
of the Recipient shall be as set forth in Section 8(g) of the Plan.
8.
Adjustments.
The Option shall be subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events as set forth in Section 8(i)
of the Plan.
9.
No Registration Obligation.
The Recipient understands that the Option is not registered under the 1933 Act and, unless
by separate written agreement, the Corporation has no obligation to so register the Option or any of the shares of Common Stock
subject to and issuable upon the exercise of the Option, although it may from time to time register under the 1933 Act the shares
issuable upon exercise of Options granted pursuant to the Plan. The Recipient represents that the Option is being acquired for
the Recipient’s own account and that unless registered by the Corporation, the shares of Common Stock issued on exercise
of the Option will be acquired by the Recipient for investment. The Recipient understands that the Option is, and the underlying
securities may be, issued to the Recipient in reliance upon exemptions from the 1933 Act, and acknowledges and agrees that all
certificates for the shares issued upon exercise of the Option may bear the following legend unless such shares are registered
under the 1933 Act prior to their issuance:
The
shares represented by this Certificate have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act”),
and are “restricted securities” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the 1933 Act. The shares may not be offered
for sale, sold or otherwise transferred except pursuant to an effective registration statement under the 1933 Act or pursuant
to an exemption from registration under the 1933 Act, the availability of which is to be established to the satisfaction of the
Company.
The
Recipient further understands and agrees that the Option may be exercised only if at the time of such exercise the underlying
shares are registered and/or the Recipient and the Corporation are able to establish the existence of an exemption from registration
under the 1933 Act and applicable state or other laws.
10.
Notices
. Each notice relating to this Agreement will be in writing and delivered in person or by certified mail to the
proper address. Notices to the Corporation shall be addressed to the Corporation, attention: President, at such address as may
constitute the Corporation’s principal place of business at the time, with a copy to: Kane and Kessler New York______________________.
Notices to the Recipient or other person or persons then entitled to exercise the Option shall be addressed to the Recipient or
such other person or persons at the Recipient’s address below specified. Anyone to whom a notice may be given under this
Agreement may designate a new address by notice to that effect given pursuant to this Paragraph 10.
11.
Approval of Counsel.
The exercise of the Option and the issuance and delivery of shares of Common Stock pursuant thereto
shall be subject to approval by the Corporation’s counsel of all legal matters in connection therewith, including compliance
with the requirements of the 1933 Act, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, applicable state and other securities
laws, the rules and regulations thereunder, and the requirements of any national securities exchange(s) upon which the Common
Stock then may be listed.
12.
Benefits of Agreement.
This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon each successor and assignee of the
Corporation. All obligations imposed upon the Recipient and all rights granted to the Corporation under this Agreement will be
binding upon the Recipient’s heirs, legal representatives and successors.
13.
Effect of Governmental and Other Regulations.
The exercise of the Option and the Corporation’s obligation to sell
and deliver shares upon the exercise of the Option are subject to all applicable federal and state laws, rules and regulations,
and to such approvals by any regulatory or governmental agency which may, in the opinion of counsel for the Corporation, be required.
14.
Plan Governs.
In the event that any provision in this Agreement conflicts with a provision in the Plan, the provision of
the Plan shall govern.
15.
Governing Law, Consent to Personal Jurisdiction.
This Plan will be governed by the internal laws of the State of Nevada
without regard to rules regarding conflicts of laws. Each Recipient consents to the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal
courts located in Idaho for any lawsuit filed there against the Recipient by the Company arising from or relating to this Plan.
Any controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Plan or shall be settled by arbitration in the City of Boise, Ada
County, Idaho in accordance with the rules then existing of the American Arbitration Association and judgment upon the award may
be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.
Executed
in the name and on behalf of the Corporation by one of its duly authorized officers and by the Recipient all as of the date first
above written.
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
By:
_________________________
Name:
Title:
Date:
___________, _______
The
undersigned Recipient has read and understands the terms of this Option Agreement and the attached Plan and hereby agrees to comply
therewith.
Date:
__________, ________
Signature
of Recipient: _________________________
Name:
Tax
ID Number:
Address:
Exhibit
B
SUBSCRIPTION
AGREEMENT
THE
SECURITIES BEING ACQUIRED BY THE UNDERSIGNED HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR ANY OTHER LAWS
AND ARE OFFERED UNDER EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION PROVISIONS OF SUCH LAWS. THESE SECURITIES CANNOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED,
ASSIGNED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER CONTAINED IN THIS STOCK SUBSCRIPTION
AGREEMENT AND APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS.
This
Subscription Agreement is entered for the purpose of the undersigned acquiring _____________ shares of the $0.01 par value common
stock (the “Securities”) of Gold Torrent, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Corporation”), from the Corporation
as a Bonus or pursuant to exercise of an Option granted pursuant to the Corporation’s 2016 Stock Option and Stock Bonus
Plan, as amended (the “Plan”). All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall be as defined in the Plan.
It
is understood that no grant of any Bonus or exercise of any Option at a time when no registration statement relating thereto is
effective under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”) can be completed until the undersigned
executes this Subscription Agreement and delivers it to the Corporation, and that such grant or exercise is effective only in
accordance with the terms of the Plan and this Subscription Agreement.
In
connection with the undersigned’s acquisition of the Securities, the undersigned represents and warrants to the Corporation
as follows:
1.
The undersigned has been provided with, and has reviewed the Plan, and such other information as the undersigned may have requested
of the Corporation regarding its business, operations, management, and financial condition (all of which is referred to herein
as the “Available Information”).
2.
The Corporation has given the undersigned the opportunity to ask questions of and to receive answers from persons acting on the
Corporation’s behalf concerning the terms and conditions of this transaction and the opportunity to obtain any additional
information regarding the Corporation, its business and financial condition or to verify the accuracy of the Available Information
which the Corporation possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense.
3.
The Securities are being acquired by the undersigned for the undersigned’s own account and not on behalf of any other person
or entity.
4.
The undersigned understands that the Securities being acquired hereby have not been registered under the 1933 Act or any state
or foreign securities laws, and are, and unless registered will continue to be, restricted securities within the meaning of Rule
144 of the General Rules and Regulations under the 1933 Act and other statutes, and the undersigned consents to the placement
of appropriate restrictive legends on any certificates evidencing the Securities and any certificates issued in replacement or
exchange therefor and acknowledges that the Corporation will cause its stock transfer records to note such restrictions.
5.
By the undersigned’s execution below, it is acknowledged and understood that the Corporation is relying upon the accuracy
and completeness hereof in complying with certain obligations under applicable securities laws.
6.
This Agreement binds and inures to the benefit of the representatives, successors and permitted assigns of the respective parties
hereto.
7.
The undersigned acknowledges that the grant of any Bonus or Option and the issuance and delivery of shares of Common Stock pursuant
thereto shall be subject to prior approval by the Corporation’s counsel of all legal matters in connection therewith, including
compliance with the requirements of the 1933 Act and other applicable securities laws, the rules and regulations thereunder, and
the requirements of any national securities exchange(s) upon which the Common Stock then may be listed.
8.
The undersigned acknowledges and agrees that the Corporation may withhold from any cash consideration payable to the undersigned
for the payment of taxes as a result of the grant of the Bonus or the exercise of an Option or may require other such arrangements,
as set out in section 10 of the Plan, in order to satisfy the payment of taxes.
9.
The Plan is incorporated herein by reference. In the event that any provision in this Agreement conflicts with ANY provision in
the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall govern.
Date:
__________, ________
Signature
of Recipient: _________________________
Name:
Tax
ID Number:
Address:
GOLD
TORRENT, INC.
960
Broadway Avenue, Suite 530
Boise,
Idaho 83706