ITEM
1. BUSINESS.
In
this report, unless the context requires otherwise, references to the “Company”, “Novus Robotics”, “we”,
“us” and “our” are to Novus Robotics Inc.
CORPORATE
HISTORY
We
were formed in the State of Nevada on June 24, 2005 under the name Guano Distributors, Inc. Prior to our incorporation, on April
15, 2005, David Wallace, the then President/Chief Executive Officer/Secretary/Chief Financial Officer and sole director (“Wallace”),
formed Guano Distributors (Pty) Ltd., a South African registered company, for the purpose of selling Dry-Bar Cave bat guano. On
May 15, 2005, Mr. Wallace, transferred all of his ownership interest in Guano Distributors (Pty) Ltd. to us. On June 28, 2006,
we amended our Articles of Incorporation to change our name to Ecoland International, Inc. On March 13, 2012, we filed a Certificate
of Amendment with the Nevada Secretary of State in order to change our name from “Ecoland International Inc.” to “Novus
Robotics Inc.” The name change was effective with the Nevada Secretary of State on March 13, 2012 when the Certificate of
Amendment was filed. The name change was approved by our Board of Directors pursuant to written consent resolutions dated February
21, 2012 and further approved by certain shareholders holding a majority of our total issued and outstanding shares of common
stock pursuant to written consent resolutions dated February 21, 2012. We filed the appropriate documentation with FINRA in order
to effectuate the name chang. The name change was effective with OTC Markets Group on April 10, 2012.
The
trading symbol of the Company is “NRBT”. Our CUSIP is 670011H207.
Share
Exchange Agreement
Ecoland
International, Inc., now known as Novus Robotics Inc., D&R Technology Inc., a private corporation (“D&R Technology”)
and, Berardino Paolucci and Drakso Karanovic, the shareholders of D&R Technology Inc. (the “D&R Shareholders”)
entered into that certain share exchange agreement dated January 27, 2012 (the “Share Exchange Agreement”). Our Board
of Directors approved the execution and consummation of the transaction under the Share Exchange Agreement on February 1, 2012.
In accordance with the terms and provisions of the Share Exchange Agreement, we issued an aggregate of 59,000,000 pre-Reverse
Stock Split shares of our restricted common stock to the D&R Shareholders (which consisted of Messrs. Paolucci and Karanovic
and D Mecatronics, which is holding the shares for the benefit of the remaining shareholders of D&R Technology) in exchange
for 100% of the total issued and outstanding shares of D&R Technology, thus making D&R Technology its wholly-owned subsidiary.
Our Board of Directors deemed it in the best interests of our shareholders to enter into the Share Exchange Agreement pursuant
to which it would acquire all the technology and assets and assume all liabilities of D&R Technology. This resulted in a change
in control and our overall business operations thus bringing potential value to our shareholders. D&R Technology was previously
the wholly-owned subsidiary of D Mecatronics Inc., a Delaware corporation. On approximately November 10, 2011, D Mecatronics spun-off
D&R Technology. D&R Technology subsequently issued shares of its restricted common stock to the shareholders of D Mecatronics
on a pro-rata basis in accordance with their respective equity holdings in D Mecatronics. The equity percentages regarding the
issuance of shares by D&R Technology were 48% to Berardino Paolucci, 24% to Drasko Karanovic and 28% to various shareholders
(which shares were previously held by D Mecatronics on behalf of these shareholders).
CURRENT
BUSINESS OPERATIONS
We
are involved in engineering, design and manufacture of robotics and automation technology solutions for tube bending machines,
which management believes will enable us to become a recognized technology pioneer and market leader in the area of engineering.
Through our wholly-owned subsidiary, D&R Technology, we provide state of the art automation technologies through our automated
tube bending machines which we design, engineer and build for the automotive industry to solve its customers’ complex automation
needs, increase efficiencies and improve manufacturing processes. Serving as a comprehensive engineering partner, we work with
other leading robotic manufacturers to provide the best automation technologies. We provide automation solutions to a wide spectrum
of customers and industries ranging from large Fortune 500 companies to small privately-held businesses. Our automated solutions
can be found in manufacturing, assembly and processing lines throughout the United States, Canada, Mexico and South America. D&R
Technology, has served the automotive industry for more than seven years and is currently applying its service solutions to other
markets, such as medical robotics, personal robotic devices and water treatment industry. Management believes that increasing
use of robotics in sectors such as food handling and processing, clean technology and energy, as well as pharmaceutical and general
consumer goods production, will lead to increased demand for our products as manufacturers look to improve the speed, quality
and reliability of production through automation. As of the date of this Annual Report, we
have not generated any revenue from the medical
robotics, personal robotic devices, water treatment industry, food handling and processing, clean technology and energy or pharmaceutical
and general consumer goods production.
We
are also involved in engineering, design and the manufacturing of automated solutions through its automated tube bending machines
for the automotive industry and we intend to become one of the leading providers of automated manufacturing solutions, which are
used primarily by three of the top ten Tier I automotive part suppliers in the world. We also make precision components and tooling
using our own custom-built manufacturing systems, process knowledge and automation technology. We purchase from third parties
components for the electrical cabinet, which creates the automation and controls section of the machinery. The electrical cabinet
consists of fuses, holders, relays, cables, wiring, controls and sensors, which we purchase from our suppliers, i.e. Gerrie Electric,
Beckhoff, Allen Bradley and others. We integrate these purchased parts from our suppliers into our electrical and controls design
to make the automated tube bending machines operational. We provide all the programming of the electrical cabinet as well. The
computer programming is based upon the specific needs.
To date, our primary activities
include designing and installation of retrofits to existing automated systems, automated spare parts for our tube bending machines,
automated maintenance and repairs. We are currently offering products such as Seat Frame Systems, IP Tube systems and Integrated
Bend-Weld Systems for the automotive industry. Our primary focus will be on product engineering and manufacturing processes to
ensure the highest quality, product features and efficient manufacturing processing.
We
are also a full service provider of turn-key production solutions, specializing in tubular components for our tube bending machines.
Our experience is firmly rooted in fabrication solutions for automated components, such as seat frames and instrument panel beams.
Our expertise is in the areas of automation and machinery for computer numerical control (CNC) bending, forming, piercing and
laser cutting, which is applicable to a wide range of production solutions. We produce spare parts for the manufacturing equipment
we design. We do not produce spare parts for automobiles.
Industry
The
automotive parts industry is divided into three tiers of original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), which supply automotive
manufacturers with parts for new vehicles, and the aftermarket parts suppliers, which manufacture parts for used vehicles.
The
automobile industry is one of the largest sectors of the global economy. The global automotive manufacturing industry operates
in an increasingly aggressive marketplace whose performance is tied directly to performance of the large and growing retail automobile
industry. Management believes that the top six companies in the global manufacturing industry are General Motors (GM), Toyota,
Ford, Daimler/Chrysler, Volkswagen and Honda and, of those, our subsidiary, D&R Technology, has produced machines supplying
parts and components for five of the top six manufacturers. The systems that we build for our customers are for Tier 1 OEM suppliers.
An OEM supplier is an “original equipment manufacturer or, in other words, a company that manufactures products or components
that are purchased by a company and retailed under that purchasing company’s brand name. OEM refers to the company that
originally manufactured the product. When referring to automotive parts, OEM designates a replacement part made by the manufacturer
of the original part. In this usage, OEM means “original equipment from manufacturer” The Tier I OEM suppliers deal
directly with the automakers - General Motors, Ford, Nissan, Honda, Toyota, Hyundai etc. We supply the systems to the Tier 1 OEM
suppliers that produce the seats, front dashboards and other products for the big automakers.
The
automotive industry marketplace is the nation’s largest manufacturing industry. It is a marketplace with an estimated value
in the hundreds of billions of dollars. The U.S. automotive manufacturing industry is directly tied to the U.S. automotive industry,
which is considered one of the largest automotive retail marketplaces in the world.
There
have been several significant industry trends shaping the future. Theses trends include the industry wide focus on solutions aimed
at reducing vehicle fuel consumption, accelerating demand for hybrid and fully-electrical vehicles and demand for safety features
and products. This will be a world wide focus for all companies.
Technology
Purchase Agreement
On
February 25, 2016, our Board of Directors authorized the execution of that certain technology purchase agreement dated February
25, 2016 (the “Technology Purchase Agreement”) among the Company and Berardino Paolucci, our President/CEO and a member
of the Board of Directors, and Drasko Karanovic, a member of the Board of Directors (collectively, the “Sellers”).
The Sellers had previously researched, created and developed medical robotics technology, which deals with the design, construction
and operation of robots in automation for medical and surgical purposes (“Medical Robotic Technology”).
In
accordance with the terms and provisions of the Technology Purchase Agreement, we acquired all of the Sellers’ right, title
and interest in and to certain assets as follows (the “Assets”):
(a)
All plans, specifications, drawings, concepts, designs, prototypes, techniques, tools, diagrams, outlines, descriptions, information,
data, engineering studies and reports, test results, models, manufacturing processes and flowcharts;
(b)
All raw materials, supplies, work in progress, finished product and lists of suppliers;
(c)
All software programs and software code relating thereto, if any and all copies and tangible embodiments of the software programs
and software code (in source and object code form), together with all documentation related to such programs and code;
(d)
All intellectual property rights including, but not limited to, future patent applications, patents, trademarks, trade names,
copyrights, exercisable or available in any jurisdiction of the world, and the exclusive right for Purchaser to hold itself out
to be the successor to the Medical Robotic Technology business of Sellers;
(e)
All licenses to the Assets and properties of third parties (including licenses with respect to intellectual property rights owned
by third parties);
(f)
Claims, causes of actions, royalty rights, deposits, and rights and claims to refunds (including tax refunds) and adjustments
of any kind (including rights to set-off and recoupment), and insurance proceeds;
(g)
All Internet domain names and registrations that are held or owned by Sellers which relate or refer to the business or Assets;
(h)
All franchises, permits, licenses, agreements, waivers, and authorizations from, issued, or granted by any governmental authority;
and
(i)
Copies of marketing and sales information, including potential pricing and customer lists.
In
further accordance with the terms and provisions of the Technology Purchase Agreement, we issued to each of Messrs. Paolucci and
Karanovic 500,000 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock and 24,500,000 shares of restricted common stock. See “Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters”.
The
Sellers each represented and confirmed that Berardino Paolucci is the Chief Executive Officer/President and a member of the Board
of Directors and Drasko Karanovic is a member of the Board of Directors of the Company, that both Berardino Paolucci and Drasko
Karanovic acknowledged and confirmed their fiduciary duties as such, and that Berardino Paolucci and Drasko Karanovic and we have
negotiated in good faith with the best interests of our shareholders in consideration of the transaction.
Products
We
provide special purpose machinery products and services to Automotive Tier I businesses and their suppliers. Our services include
design and installation of retrofits to existing systems, spare parts, maintenance, repairs and production support. We build seat
frame systems and tube processing lines. Each system consists of self contained tooling modules linked by a series of automated
transfer or robots. Several modules will be integrated into a processing system by adding single or multi-axis transfer units.
This approach allows uniformity of design, which provides ease of expansion, simplicity of operation, and excellent throughput
rates.
At
conception of each project, we review component designs and provide suggestions to our customers to reduce manufacturing costs.
We work with customers to ensure that proposed systems strike the right balance of throughput, flexibility, automation and tooling/capital
budgets. Throughout the project, our team managers work to keep the customer’s team informed with progress updates, highlighting
decision points and tracking component design changes. Our designs and technologist work to ensure that our production solutions
are robust, reliable and maintainable. We collaborate with our technology partners to ensure that every aspect is leading edge
and proven reliable. Ultimately, we work with our customers to ensure that our production solutions provide value to every level
of their organization.
The
value propositions regarding our machinery products and services are: (i) delivery – providing on-time delivery thereby
reducing customer inventory and providing them with overall cost reduction; (ii) quality – products and services that we
deliver are of high quality and have attributes that enable customers to carry out their business functions; and (iii) price –
products are competitively priced thus helping customers control their own overhead and expenses. We work with our customers on
a one-to-one basis to the best of its ability to keep our prices competitive and within the customers’ budgets. When our
customers desire to bid on jobs, they contact us and provide us with certain prerequisites. We then discuss their respective needs
and start to compile all relevant information into a request for quote file. We then review all compiled information and submit
to the customer its quotation regarding pricing. We have a very broad and diverse field that we have developed from which to obtain
certain pricing. We would not receive purchase orders to provide our services to our respective customers if our prices were not
competitive in the marketplace. Therefore, we believe we offer very competitive pricing based upon prior successful demand and
awards for our products and services.
Our
primary focus will be placed on product engineering and manufacturing processes to ensure the highest quality, high level of product
features, and the most efficient manufacturing process possible. We will focus our market offerings on two major customer groups:
(i) automobile seating manufacturers; and (ii) manufacturers of tubing products. Our products are listed below:
Seat
Frame System is comprised of the following of which all components thereof are designed and manufactured by the Corporation:
●
|
Unbundler,
Weld seam station with Roland Seamfinder, CNC bending stations with barcode readers,
|
|
|
●
|
Transfers,
Reject Station, Vertical 4- post press module with tooling change options
|
|
|
●
|
Material
Handling Robots, Exit racks and Safety Fences.
|
|
|
●
|
IP
Tube System: Instrument Panel Tube machine makes the bent tube form that holds your steering wheel, gauges etc. All of these
components are held on a tube form.
|
●
|
IP
Beam System: Instrument Panel Beam process line: the machine that produces the beams – which are made from larger diameter
tubes for the front and car doors
|
|
|
●
|
Integrated
Bend-Weld System is a system that will transfer the formed tube to a welding station to be welded to the bottom of the seat
frame.
|
The
automated tube bending machines that we build require spare parts that will replace the used and worn out components on various
parts of the machines. We design and manufacture the machinery and replace them as required. We will provide all maintenance and
repair to the machines as the wear and tear of running them over long periods of time becomes evident.
Services
and Support
Our
customer centric focus enables its customers to preserve and increase the value of existing processing equipment. We provide the
following programs and services:
Maintenance
and Repairs Programs: warranty support, after sales and emergency services, preventative maintenance programs, and spare parts
and consumables solutions.
Value
Added Services: system upgrades and rebuilds, control system upgrades, tooling retrofits, pre-production and prototyping requirements,
training, equipment relocation and redeployment, systems audit, manufacturing consulting and project management services.
Marketing
Our
target customers are: (i) automotive seating manufacturers, who are customers requiring customized machine tools to better serve
their clients; and (ii) manufacturers of tubing products, who are customers requiring a value adding process layout. We will continue
to focus our market offerings to automobile seating manufacturers and manufacturers of tubing products. Presently, we do not have
contractual agreements with customers of automotive seating manufacturers or manufacturers of tubing products. Rather, we utilizes
purchase orders with those customers
.
Our market research reflects that these customer segments are the most demanding in terms of the engineering, technical service
support, and automated machinery design. We are particularly strong in these areas and will utilize our capacities to serve these
clients. We will seek customers who require production of components used in upper-end product lines. This will provide a further
possibility for us to offer our value-added engineering robotics services.
In
previous years, including fiscal year 2017
,
we have had significant economic and commercial reliance and dependence on Adient/Johnson Controls Inc. (“JCI”). Adient/JCI
was one our major customers after the recession of 2009 through 2010 during which some of our previous customers filed for bankruptcy
or acquired by larger companies. Previously, management determined that we were not economically dependent upon Adient/ JCI. During
fiscal years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, D&R Technology received purchase orders from Adient/JCI in the amount of $390,848
and $2,469,471, respectively. During fiscal year 2018, approximately 22% of our sales and .02% of
our
receivables were attributable to Adient/JCI. And, during fiscal year 2017, approximately 41.78% sales and 85% of our receivables
were attributable to Adient/JCI. Therefore, as of the date of this Annual Report, management has determined that while we may
not be economically dependent upon Adient/ JCI, during fiscal year 2018, sales to and receivables owing from JCI constituted a
smaller portion of our revenue. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Business”.
We
do not have an exclusive agreement with Adient/JCI and rely upon bids and subsequent purchase orders. Our business relationship
with Adient/JCI is well established having commenced in 2004 with Bernardino Paolucci, our President/Chief Executive Officer,
and Drasko Karanovic, a member of the Board of Directors. Both individuals established a strong relationship with JCI during their
tenure at Dieco Technology based upon their respective extensive knowledge of JCI’s machines and the manufacturing and servicing
section of JCI.
We
also produced a 420A system to produce new seat frames. The system is built for Toyota Boshoku Emire, Ontario, to produce the
seat frame to be used in their plants for the Rav 4 production. During fiscal year 2018, D&R Technology received from Toyota
Boshoku purchase orders for $1,223,136. And during fiscal year 2017, D&R Technology received from Toyota Boshoku purchase
orders for $1,098,018. During fiscal year 2016, we received orders for $20,672. for spare parts. During fiscal year 2018, purchase
orders from Toyota Boshoku increased because Toyota Boshoku required two new systems from us.
The
material terms regarding the purchase orders are as follows: (i) progress payment terms consisting of 30% at award of purchase
order, 30% at approximate eighty percent completion, 30% at acceptance, and 10% net thirty days’ (ii) completion time for
designing and building system is generally 23 to 26 weeks; (iii) if spare parts required to construct system, delivery is 3 to
10 weeks from receipt of purchase order and terms for spare parts are net 45 days; and (iv) orders cancellable but in the event
engineering and purchase orders for items with a long delivery time are placed with our suppliers, the customer is liable for
any time, material and costs incurred. Although this is our general policy regarding purchase orders, exceptions may be made under
certain circumstances that fall outside the terms of these payment thresholds.
Our
market strategy is to capitalize on our expertise by manufacturing high quality, durable machinery with a significant number of
product features and options, which are extremely precise in control of motions. We will focus on a segment of the market and
attempt to achieve the best reputation within that segment. Our goal in 2019 is to secure more engineering and manufacturing positions.
Our goal in the next five years is to continue with our “value added” scheme that will assist us in achieving a strong
position within the marketplace.
Suppliers
The
majority of raw materials required by us are readily available from a variety of suppliers. For certain specialty items related
to controls, we have two principal suppliers: (i) Allen Bradly Controls; and (ii) Baldor Controls.
The
products we require for the assembly of our systems come from electrical companies, hydraulic and pneumatic suppliers and control
system from automation companies. We do not have exclusive contracts with these companies as we send Requests for Quotations on
pricing and delivery time in order to maximize savings in the production process. Examples include: motors from Rockwell Ind.,
electrical components from Gerrie Electric/Province Electrical hydraulics power unit from Hydrafab. We machine remaining parts
as required.
Employees
We
employ sixteen (16) full time employees. This may fluctuate depending on our workload. We may also use temporary employees that
have previously worked for us, as required depending on the workload. Drasko Karanovic, is a full-time
employee
.
He is primarily responsible for all of our day-to-day operations. Other services may be provided by outsourcing and consultant
Berardino Paolucci and special purpose contracts. We have also engaged the service of the wife of Mr. Drasko as
part-time employee, on a limited basis.
RESEARCH
AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
We
have incurred approximately $0 during the past two fiscal years
on
research and development for products. None of these research or development costs are borne by the customer. The costs are in
our Cost of Sales and Engineering Labour accounts.
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
We
currently use the Rockwell Automation system in our machines. We purchase on a yearly basis the automation portion of the system
directly from Rockwell Automation, which is known as a “tool kit”. The tool kit enables us to receive updates, upgrades,
technical assistance with the portion of the automation system that we use. We must use the supplier that the customer designates
in their specifications when the customer orders the tube bending system from us. Each customer has their own preference regarding
the supplier for this part of the machine. We do not have an exclusive requirements contract with Rockwell Automation. There are
a substantial number of other companies in the marketplace that offer the automated portion of the control system.
As
of the date of this Annual Report, we have not filed patents on any of our systems. We do not release any drawings of our machines.
The drawings are the property of D&R Technology. We may consider filing patent applications with respect to our system technologies
and any novel aspects of our technology to protect our intellectual property. Future patents, if issued, may be challenged, invalidated
or circumvented. Thus, any patent that we may own may not provide adequate protection against competitors. Any patent applications
that we may file in the future may not result in issued patents. Also, patents may not provide us with adequate proprietary protection
or advantages against competitors with similar or competing technologies. As a result of potential conflicts with the proprietary
rights of others, we may in the future have to prove that we are not infringing the patent rights of others or we may be required
to obtain a license to the patent.
We
may consider filing a copyright application for the drawings of our machines. We will rely on trade secrets and unpatentable know-how
that we seek to protect, in part, by confidentiality agreements. However, it is possible that parties may breach those agreements,
and we may not have adequate remedies for any breach. It is also possible that its trade secrets or unpatentable know-how will
otherwise become known or be independently developed by competitors. There can be no assurance that third parties will not assert
infringement or other claims against us with respect to any existing or future systems or products. Litigation to protect our
proprietary information or to determine the validity of any third-party claims could result in significant expense to us and divert
the efforts of our technical and management personnel, whether or not we are successful in such litigation.
COMPETITION
The
market for special purpose automotive machinery products and services is highly competitive. Competition is based on the quality
and range of such products, market availability, pricing, promotion and customer service as well as the nature of the distribution
channels. We believe we have several highly significant competitive advantages such as: (i) engineering and technical support
service; (ii) automated seat frame systems and IP beam process lines design and build expertise; (iii) vendors service and support;
and (iv) current relationships with several major automotive companies. In the special purpose automotive machinery produces and
services business, our additional competitive factors include the demonstrated effectiveness of the products being offered, as
well as available funding sources. We face competition from other technology-based companies providing the same products and services.
Competition may increase to the extent that other entities enter the market and to the extent that current competitors or new
competitors develop and introduce new products that compete directly with the products distributed by us or develop or expand
competitive sales channels. We believe that our marketing position is unique to certain of the markets in which we compete.
ITEM
1A. RISK FACTORS.
You
should carefully consider the risks, uncertainties and other factors described below because they could materially and adversely
affect our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects and could negatively affect the market price of our
common stock. Also, you should be aware that the risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing us. Additional
risks and uncertainties that we do not yet know of, or that we currently believe are immaterial, may also impair our business
operations and financial results. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be harmed by any of these risks.
The trading price of our common stock could decline due to any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
In
assessing these risks you should also refer to the other information contained in or incorporated by reference to this Annual
Report including our financial statements and the related notes.
RISKS
RELATED TO BUSINESS
Our
operating results are difficult to predict and fluctuations in them may cause volatility in the price of our shares.
Given
the nature of the markets in which we compete, our revenues and profitability are difficult to predict for many reasons, including
the following:
●
|
Operating
results are highly dependent on the volume and timing of orders received during the quarter, which are difficult to forecast.
Customers generally order on an as-needed basis and we typically do not obtain firm, long-term purchase commitments from our
customers. As a result, our revenues in any quarter depend primarily on orders shipped in that quarter.
|
|
|
●
|
We
must incur a large portion of our costs in advance of sales orders because we must plan research and production, order components
and enter into development, sales and marketing, and other operating commitments prior to obtaining firm commitments from
its customers. This makes it difficult for us to adjust our costs in response to a revenue shortfall, which could adversely
affect our operating results.
|
Engineering
and production capacities that do not match demand for our products could result in lost sales or in a reduction in its gross
margins.
Our industry is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product introductions, short-term customer
commitments and rapid changes in demand. We determine capacities based on our forecasts of demand for our products. Actual demand
for our products depends on many factors, which make it difficult to forecast. We have experienced differences between our actual
and our forecasted demand in the past and expect differences to arise in the future. The following problems could occur as a result
of these differences:
|
●
|
If
demand for our products is below our forecasts, we could produce excess personnel or have excess manufacturing capacity. Excess
personnel could negatively impact our cash flows and could result in higher design costs. Excess manufacturing capacity could
result in higher production costs per unit and lower margins.
|
|
|
|
|
●
|
If
demand for our products exceeds our forecasts, we could have to rapidly ramp up production. We depend on suppliers and manufacturers
to provide components and sub-assemblies. As a result, we may not be able to increase our production levels to meet unexpected
demand and could lose sales in the short term while we try to increase production. If customers turn to competitive sources
of supply to meet their needs, our revenues could be adversely affected.
|
|
|
|
|
●
|
Rapidly
increasing our production levels to meet unanticipated customer demand could result in higher costs for components and sub-assemblies,
increased expenditures for freight to expedite delivery of materials or finished goods, and higher overtime costs and other
expenses. These higher expenditures could result in lower gross margins.
|
If
we do not timely introduce successful products, our business and operating results could suffer.
The
market for our products is characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards, short product life cycles
and frequent new product introductions. As a result, we must continually introduce new products and technologies and enhance existing
products in order to remain competitive. The success of our new products depends on several factors, including our ability to:
(i) anticipate technology and market trends; (ii) timely develop innovative new products and enhancements; (iii) distinguish our
products from those of our competitors; (iv) manufacture and deliver high-quality products; and (v) price our products competitively.
Our
failure to manage growth could harm us.
We
will rapidly and significantly expand the number and types of products we sell and we will endeavor to further expand our product
portfolio. This expansion places a significant strain on our management, operations and engineering resources. Specifically, the
areas that are strained most by our growth include the following:
●
|
New
product launch. With the growth of our product portfolio, we will experience increased complexity in coordinating product
development, manufacturing and commissioning. As this complexity increases, it places a strain on our ability to accurately
coordinate the commercial launch of our products with adequate support to meeting anticipated customer demand. If we are unable
to scale and improve our product launch coordination, we could frustrate our customers and lose earned space and product sales.
|
|
|
●
|
Forecasting,
planning and supply chain logistics. With the growth of our product portfolio, we will also experience increased complexity
in forecasting customer demand and in planning for production and transportation and logistics management. If we are unable
to scale and improve our forecasting, planning and logistics management, we could frustrate our customers, lose product sales
or accumulate excess inventory.
|
To
manage the growth of our operations, we will need to continue to improve our transaction processing, operational and financial
systems, and procedures and controls to effectively manage the increased complexity. If we are unable to scale and improve them,
the consequences could include delays in shipment of product, degradation in levels of customer support, lost sales and increased
inventory. These difficulties could harm or limit our ability to expand.
If
we do not compete effectively, demand for our products could decline and our business and operating results could be adversely
affected.
Our
industry is intensely competitive. It is characterized by a trend of declining average selling prices in the market, and continual
performance enhancements and new features, as well as rapid adoption of technological and product advancements by competitors
in its market. Also, aggressive industry pricing practices and downward pressure on margins have resulted in increased price competition
from both our primary competitors as well as from less established ones. If we do not continue to distinguish our products through
distinctive, technologically advanced features, design and services, as well as continue to build and strengthen our brand recognition,
our business could be harmed. If we do not otherwise compete effectively, demand for our products will decline, our gross margins
could decrease, we would lose market share, and our revenues could decline.
We
previously had significant economic and commercial reliance and dependence on Adient/Johnson Controls Inc. (“JCI”)
as a major customer and while, as of the date of this Annual Report, management has determined that we may not be economically
dependent on Adient/JCI, during fiscal year 2018 sales to and receivables owing from Adient/ JCI constituted a substantial portion
of our revenue
In previous years, including
fiscal year 2018, we have had significant economic and commercial reliance and dependence on Adient/ Johnson Controls Inc. (“JCI”).
JCI was one our major customers after the recession of 2009 through 2010 during which some of our previous customers filed for
bankruptcy or acquired by larger companies. Previously, management determined that we were not economically dependent upon Adient/JCI.
During fiscal years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, D&R Technology received purchase orders from JCI in the amount of $390,848.
and $2,469,471, respectively. During fiscal year 2018, approximately 22% of our sales and .02% of our receivables were
attributable to Adient/JCI. And, during fiscal year 2017, approximately 41.78% sales and 85% of our receivables were attributable
to Adient/ JCI. Therefore, as of the date of this Annual Report, management has determined that while we may not be economically
dependent upon Adient/JCI, during fiscal year 2018, sales to and receivables owing from Adient/JCI constituted a smaller portion
of our revenue. Although we recognized substantial revenue realized from sales to JCI during 2017, management remains of the belief
that the decline in orders received from Adient/JCI in previous years did not adversely affect our revenues and operating results
and, therefore, did not believe we were subject to significant financial risk in the event of the financial distress of Adient/JCI.
This could change, however, during subsequent fiscal years.
We
depend on OEMs (original equipment manufacturers) and contract manufacturers who may not have adequate capacity to fulfill our
needs or may not meet our quality and delivery objectives.
Original
component manufacturers and contractors produce key portions of our product lines. Our reliance on them involves significant risks,
including reduced control over quality and logistics management, the potential lack of adequate capacity and discontinuance of
the contractors’ assembly processes. Financial instability of our manufacturers or contractors could result in us having
to find new suppliers, which could increase our costs and delay our product deliveries. These manufacturers and contractors may
also choose to discontinue building our products for a variety of reasons. Consequently, we may experience delays in the timeliness,
quality and adequacy in product deliveries, any of which could harm our business and operating results.
We
purchase key components and products from single or limited sources, and our business and operating results could be harmed if
supply were delayed or constrained or if there were shortages of required components.
Lead
times for materials and components ordered by us or our contract manufacturers can vary significantly and depend on factors, such
as the specific supplier, contract terms and demand for a component at a given time. We do not have any established contractual
relations with our suppliers for key components. From time to time, we have experienced supply shortages and fluctuations in component
prices. While we are trying to manage our component levels through the purchase of buffer stock, there is no guarantee that we
will be able to maintain the inventory levels sufficient to meet our product demand. Currently, the shortages have not significantly
impacted our product cost. In addition, we may be at risk for these components if our customers reject or cancel orders unexpectedly
or with inadequate notice.
Shortages
or interruptions in the supply of components or subcontracted products, or our inability to procure these components or products
from alternate sources at acceptable prices in a timely manner could delay shipment of our products or increase our production
costs, which could harm our business, financial condition and operating results.
We
purchase some products and some key components used in our products from single or limited sources. In particular, a significant
portion of our controls systems is single-sourced and the Controls Unit in our products is provided by a single supplier. If the
supply of these products or key components were to be delayed or constrained, we may be unable to find a new supplier on acceptable
terms or at all or its new and existing product shipment could be delayed. Any of this could harm our business, financial condition
and operating results.
If
we do not successfully coordinate the worldwide manufacturing and distribution of our product key components, we could lose sales.
Our
business requires us to coordinate the manufacture and distribution of our product components over much of the world. We increasingly
rely on third parties to manufacture our components and transport our products. On a worldwide basis, we will continue to evaluate
and consider changes in both our international and domestic suppliers. If we do not successfully coordinate these changes and
the timely manufacture and distribution of our components, we may have insufficient supply of products to meet customer demand
and could lose sales, or we may experience a build-up in inventory.
The recent
developments in the trade agreement between involving the United States, Mexico and Canada could have an adverse effect
on our ability to export products out of Mexico and Canada into other countries, including the United States.
The United States- Mexico and Canada entered
into a signed but unratified trade agreement called “The United States
-Mexico-
Canada Agreement (“USMCA”) that will govern trade in North America. USMACA will have a big impact on many parts of
the US economy. Compared to the previous NAFTA trade agreement, USMCA will increase environmental and labor regulations and will
create incentives for more US production of cars and trucks and imposes a quota for Canadian and Mexico automotive production.
Although management has determined that there have been no current immediate effects on our operations with respect to USMAC,
management cannot predict future potentially adverse developments in the political climate involving the United States, Mexico
and Canada and thus these may have an adverse and material impact on our operations and financial growth.
Our
introduction of new product lines may consume significant resources and not result in significant future revenues.
We
will continue to expand our product offerings with new product lines, such as Weld-Bend Systems and other products that are outside
of our traditional areas of expertise. To accomplish this, we have committed resources to develop, sell and market these new products.
With limited experience in these product lines and because these products may be based on technologies that are new to us, it
may be difficult for us to accurately anticipate and forecast revenues, manufacturing costs, customer support costs and product
returns. In addition, because the technologies may be new to us, we may have a greater risk of unknowingly infringing on proprietary
technology. Our ongoing investments in the development and marketing of new lines of products could produce higher costs without
a proportional increase in revenues.
We
may be unable to protect our proprietary rights. Unauthorized use of our technology may result in the development of products
that compete with our products.
Our
future success depends in part on our proprietary technology, technical know-how and other intellectual property. We rely on intellectual
property laws, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions, such as nondisclosure terms, to protect our intellectual
property. Others may independently develop similar technology, duplicate our products, or design around our intellectual property
rights. In addition, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our product or to obtain and use information that we
regard as proprietary. Any of these events could significantly harm our business, financial condition and operating results.
We
are also increasing our reliance on technologies that we acquire from others. We rely on third parties for the automated control
portion of the system. We purchase the computers’ logic component from Rockwell Automation and pay an annual fee to enable
us to get updates/upgrades and technical support to the logic portion of the system. We may find it necessary or desirable in
the future to obtain licenses or other rights relating to one or more of our products or to current or future technologies. These
licenses or other rights may not be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all. The inability to obtain certain licenses
or other rights or to obtain such licenses or rights on favorable terms, or the need to engage in litigation regarding these matters,
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. Moreover, the use of intellectual
property licensed from third parties may limit our ability to protect the proprietary rights in our products.
We
may encounter difficulties with future acquisitions, which could adversely affect our business and operating results.
We
have acquired and may continue to acquire companies that have products, personnel and technologies that complement our strategic
direction and roadmap. Our acquisitions involve risks and uncertainties including: (i) difficulties in integrating the acquired
company and its operations; (ii) diversion of management’s attention from the normal operations of business; (iii) potential
loss of key employees and customers of the acquired company; (iv) insufficient future revenues and profitability of the acquired
company that could negatively impact our consolidated results; and (v) exposure to potential product quality issues, which could
result in unanticipated contingent liabilities of the acquired company. Any of these and other factors could prevent us from realizing
the anticipated benefits of the acquisition and could adversely affect our business and operating results. Acquisitions are inherently
risky and no assurance can be given.
RISKS
ASSOCIATED WITH OUR SECURITIES
Because
we have yet to comply with rules requiring the adoption of certain corporate governance measures, our stockholders have limited
protections against interested director transactions, conflicts of interest and similar matters
.
The
Sarbanes-Oxley Act, as well as the rules enacted by the SEC and the national stock exchanges as a result of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act, require the implementation of various measures relating to corporate governance. These measures are designed to enhance the
integrity and efficiency of corporate management and the securities markets and apply to securities which are listed on those
exchanges. Because we have not presently complied with many of the corporate governance provisions, our stockholders have limited
protections. Certain of these corporate governance provisions are as follows: (i) establishment of an audit committee charter
and appointment of members to the audit committee; (ii) adoption of an ethics code; (iii) conduct analysis of our internal and
financial control procedures; and (iv) establishment of a compensation committee. Management intends to address these issues within
our organizational structure during fiscal year 2019 to ensure the best effective corporate governance and financial management.
However, management has adopted certain corporate governance practices as follows: (i) adherence to a clear ethical basis within
all business operations; (ii) alignment of business goals with such ethical basis; (iii) strategic management which incorporates
shareholder value; (iv) identifying corporate organizational structure to effect good corporate governance; and (v) creating reporting
systems to provide transparency and accountability.
Until
we comply with the corporate governance measures adopted by the national securities exchanges after the enactment of Sarbanes-Oxley
Act, regardless of whether such compliance is required, the absence of standards of corporate governance may leave our stockholders
without protections against interested director transactions which may not be favorable to the shareholders, conflicts of interest
and similar matters, and investors may be reluctant to provide us with funds in the future if we determine it is necessary to
raise additional capital. We intend to comply with all applicable corporate governance measures relating to director independence
as soon as practicable.
D&R
Technology failed to comply with Section 5 of the Securities Act of 1933 regarding registration of its shares of common stock
issued to the shareholders of D Mecatronics in connection with the spin-off of D&R Technology.
In
accordance with the five conditions listed in Section 4.A of Staff Legal Bulletin No. 4 (September 16, 1977), the shares of stock
issued by D&R Technology to the shareholders of D Mecatronics in connection with the spin-off of D&R Technology were required
to be registered. On approximately November 10, 2011, D Mecatronics spun-off D&R Technology. D&R Technology subsequently
issued shares of its restricted common stock to the shareholders of D Mecatronics on a pro-rata basis in accordance with their
respective equity holdings in D Mecatronics. The equity percentages regarding the issuance of shares by D&R Technology were
48% to Berardino Paolucci, 24% to Drasko Karanovic and 28% to various shareholders (which shares are currently being held by D
Mecatronics on behalf of these shareholders). The transfer agent for D Mecatronics at the time of the spin-off was Global Sentry
Equity Transfer Inc. (“Global Sentry”). At the time of the spin-off, management of D Mecatronics had attempted on
several occasions to contact Global Sentry with regards to its shareholder list and records. However, any and all attempts were
to no avail. To date, D Mecatronics has not been able to obtain any of its records, including a shareholders list, from Global
Sentry. Management has no knowledge or information as to the whereabouts of Global Sentry or its management nor of the location
of its records and shareholders list. This has impeded the issuance of the shares of D&R Technology to the appropriate 28%
minority shareholders of D Mecatronics and thus the reason why D Mecatronics is holding the shares in trust for the benefit of
its shareholders. The majority shareholders of D Mecatronics and of D&R Technology were Messrs. Berardino Paolucci and Drakso
Karanovic. The other minority shareholders represented only approximately 28% of the total shares issued and, thus, our management
made a decision to proceed with the Share Exchange Agreement since it would be in the best interests of both our shareholders,
then known as Ecoland International Inc., and the shareholders of D&R Technology. In accordance with the terms and provisions
of the Share Exchange Agreement, we issued an aggregate of pre-reverse split 59,000,000 shares of our restricted common
stock to the D&R Shareholders (which consisted of Messrs. Paolucci and Karanovic and D Mecatronics (which is holding the shares
for the benefit of the remaining shareholders of D&R Technology) in exchange for 100% of the total issued and outstanding
shares of D&R Technology, thus making D&R Technology our wholly-owned subsidiary.
Section
12(a)(1) of the Securities Act imposes liability on persons who offer or sell securities in violation of the Securities Act’s
registration requirements. Section 12(a)(1) allows purchasers to sue sellers for offering or selling a non-exempt security without
registering it. D&R Technology, our wholly-owned subsidiary, could face civil liability from a shareholder for offering its
shares of common stock to the shareholders of D Mecatronics without registering those shares in a registration statement under
the Securities Act of 1933. Moreover, Section 12(a)(1) further provides that as long as the shareholder can prove a direct link
between the shareholder and D&R Technology, and the suit is within the statute of limitations, the shareholder may obtain
rescission, interest or damages if the shareholder sells his securities for less than he purchased them.
Our
management is currently attempting to solve the issue regarding the transfer agency records relating to D Mecatronics so that
it can proceed with the issuances of our shares to the shareholders of D&R Technology in connection with the Share Exchange
Agreement. The shares are currently being held by D Mecatronics in trust for the benefit of those shareholders.
New
rules, including those contained in and issued under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, may make it difficult for us to retain or attract
qualified officers and directors, which could adversely affect the management of our business and our ability to obtain or maintain
listing of our common stock
.
We
may be unable to attract and retain those qualified officers, directors and members of board of directors committees required
to provide for our effective management because of the rules and regulations that govern publicly held companies, including, but
not limited to, certifications by principal executive officers. The perceived personal risk associated with the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act may deter qualified individuals from accepting roles as directors and executive officers.
Further,
some of these recent changes heighten the requirements for board or committee membership, particularly with respect to an individual’s
independence and level of experience in finance and accounting matters. We may have difficulty attracting and retaining directors
with the requisite qualifications. If we are unable to attract and retain qualified officers and directors, the management of
our business and our ability to obtain or maintain the listing of our common stock on any stock exchange (assuming we elect to
seek and are successful in obtaining such listing) could be adversely affected.
Our
common stock price is subject to significant volatility, which could result in substantial losses for investors.
Prices
for our shares are determined in the marketplace and may accordingly be influenced by many factors, including, but not limited
to:
●
|
limited
“public float” in the hands of a small number of persons whose sales or lack of sales could result in positive
or negative pricing pressure on the market price for our common stock
|
|
|
●
|
technological
innovations or new products and services by us or our competitors;
|
|
|
●
|
intellectual
property disputes;
|
|
|
●
|
additions
or departures of key personnel;
|
|
|
●
|
the
depth and liquidity of the market for the shares;
|
|
|
●
|
quarter-to-quarter
variations in our operating results;
|
|
|
●
|
announcements
about our performance as well as the announcements of our competitors about the performance of their businesses;
|
|
|
●
|
changes
in earnings estimates by, or failure to meet the expectations of, securities analysts;
|
|
|
●
|
our
dividend policy; and
|
|
|
●
|
general
economic and market conditions.
|
Additionally,
the stock market often experiences significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of
the specific companies whose stock is traded. These market fluctuations could adversely affect our share trading price. The price
at which investors purchase shares of our common stock may not be indicative of the price that will prevail in the trading market.
Investors may be unable to sell their shares of common stock at or above their purchase price, which may result in substantial
losses.
Future
sales of shares of our common stock by our shareholders could cause our stock price to decline.
We
cannot predict the effect, if any, that market sales of shares of our common stock or the availability of shares of common stock
for sale will have on the market price prevailing from time to time. If our shareholders sell substantial amounts of our common
stock in the public market upon the effectiveness of a registration statement, or upon the expiration of any holding period under
Rule 144, such sales could create a circumstance commonly referred to as an “overhang” and in anticipation of which
the market price of our common stock could fall. The existence of an overhang, whether or not sales have occurred or are occurring,
also could make it more difficult for the Corporation to raise additional financing through the sale of equity or equity-related
securities in the future at a time or price that we deem reasonable or appropriate. The shares of common stock issued in the Share
Exchange Agreement will be freely tradable upon the earlier of (i) effectiveness of a registration statement covering the resale
of such shares; or (ii) the date on which such shares may be sold without registration pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities
Act and the sale of such shares could have a negative impact on the price of its common stock.
We
may issue additional shares of our capital stock or debt securities to raise capital or complete acquisitions, which could dilute
the equity interest of our stockholders.
As of the date of this Annual Report, there are
approximately 445,703,359
authorized
and unissued shares of our common stock which have not been reserved and are available for future issuance. We did not issue any
shares of our common stock during fiscal year 2018.
Although
we have no present commitments to issue our equity securities, we may issue a substantial number of additional shares of our common
stock to complete a business combination or to raise capital. The issuance of additional shares of our common stock:
●
|
may
significantly dilute the equity interest of our existing stockholders; and
|
|
|
●
|
may
adversely affect prevailing market prices for our common stock.
|
We
have the authority and ability to issue preferred shares of stock and to designate the respective rights and preferences.
When
designated by the Board of Directors, the rights of the preferred stock could negatively affect holders of common stock and make
it more difficult to effect a change of control
.
As of the date of this Annual Report, the Board of Directors has designated
100 shares Series A preferred stock and 49,999,900 shares Series B preferred stock. The Board of Directors is authorized by our
articles of incorporation to create and issue preferred stock. Certain of the rights of holders of preferred stock will take precedence
over the rights of holders of common stock and may be entitled to a preference upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up. The
shares could be convertible voluntarily at the election of the holder. See “Item 5. Market for Common Equity, Related Stockholder
Matters and Small Business Issuer Purchasers of Equity Securities – Description of Securities.”
As
of the date of this Annual Report, we have issued 1,000,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock. Since all of our shares of preferred
stock are issued and outstanding, we will need to amend our Articles of Incorporation to create further blank check preferred
shares. We will need to obtain shareholder approval to amend the Articles of Incorporation to increase the authorized number of
shares of preferred stock. If and when our Articles of Incorporation are amended and as future tranches of capital are received
by us, additional preferred stock may be issued which such terms and preferences as are determined in the sole discretion of our
Board of Directors. The rights of future preferred stockholders could delay, defer or prevent a change of control, even if the
holders of common stock are in favor of that change of control, as well as enjoy preferential treatment on matters like distributions,
liquidation preferences and voting.
Our
officers and directors and insiders own approximately 92.3% of the total issued and outstanding shares of our common stock and
100% of the shares of Series B preferred stock, and will be able to influence control of us or decisions made by our management.
As of the date of this Annual Report, our officers, directors and insiders own approximately 92.3% of the total issued and
outstanding shares of our common stock and 100% of the shares of our Series B preferred stock and will be able to influence control
of us or decision making by our management. Moreover, in the event future issuances of common stock are authorized by the Board
of Directors pursuant to any future contractual relations, the officers, directors and insiders’ control of us will increase.
This may result in majority control of the voting power for all business decisions. See “Item 12. Security Ownership of
Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters”.
Our
internal controls over financial reporting may not be effective and our independent registered public accounting firm may not
be able to certify as to their effectiveness, which could have a significant and adverse effect on our business and reputation.
As
a public reporting company, we are in a continuing process of developing, establishing, and maintaining internal controls and
procedures that will allow our management to report on, and our independent registered public accounting firm to attest to, the
internal controls over financial reporting if and when required to do so under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Our management will be required to report on internal controls over financial reporting under Section 404. If we fail to achieve
and maintain the adequacy of internal controls, we would not be able to conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal
controls over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404. At such time, our independent registered public accounting firm
may issue a report that is adverse in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our controls are documented, designed
or operating. Moreover, our testing, or the subsequent testing by our independent registered public accounting firm, that must
be performed may reveal other material weaknesses or that the material weaknesses described above have not been fully remediated.
If we do not remediate the material weaknesses described above, or if other material weaknesses are identified or we are not able
to comply with the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner, our reported financial results could be materially misstated
or could subsequently require restatement, we could receive an adverse opinion regarding our internal controls over financial
reporting from our independent registered public accounting firm and we could be subject to investigations or sanctions by regulatory
authorities, which would require additional financial and management resources, and the market price of our stock could decline.
The
application of the “penny stock” rules could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and increase your
transaction costs to sell those shares.
Our
common stock may be subject to the “penny stock” rules adopted under Section 15(g) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934. The penny stock rules apply to non-NASDAQ companies whose common stock trades at less than $5.00 per share or that have
tangible net worth of less than $5,000,000 ($2,000,000 if the company has been operating for three or more years). The penny stock
rules require a broker-dealer, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, to deliver a standardized
risk disclosure document prepared by the Securities and Exchange Commission, which contains the following:
●
|
a
description of the nature and level of risk in the market for penny stocks in both public offerings and secondary trading;
|
|
|
●
|
a
description of the broker’s or dealer’s duties to the customer and of the rights and remedies available to the
customer with respect to violation of such duties or other requirements of securities laws;
|
|
|
●
|
a
brief, clear, narrative description of a dealer market, including “bid” and “ask” prices for penny
stocks and the significance of the spread between the “bid” and “ask” price;
|
|
|
●
|
A
toll-free telephone number for inquiries on disciplinary actions;
|
|
|
●
|
definitions
of significant terms in the disclosure document or in the conduct of trading in penny stocks; and
|
|
|
●
|
such
other information and is in such form (including language, type, size and format), as the Securities and Exchange Commission
shall require by rule or regulation.
|
Prior
to effecting any transaction in penny stock, the broker-dealer also must provide the customer with the following:
●
|
the
bid and offer quotations for the penny stock;
|
|
|
●
|
the
compensation of the broker-dealer in the transaction;
|
|
|
●
|
the
number of shares to which such bid and ask prices apply, or other comparable information relating to the depth and liquidity
of the market for such stock; and
|
|
|
●
|
monthly
account statements showing the market value of each penny stock held in the customer’s account.
|
In
addition, the penny stock rules require that, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, the
broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive
the purchaser’s written acknowledgment of the receipt of a risk disclosure statement, a written agreement to transactions
involving penny stocks, and a signed and dated copy of a written suitability statement.
Due
to the requirements of penny stock rules, many brokers have decided not to trade penny stocks. As a result, the number of broker-dealers
willing to act as market makers in such securities is limited. If we remain subject to the penny stock rules for any significant
period, that could have an adverse effect on the market, if any, for our securities. Moreover, if our securities are subject to
the penny stock rules, investors will find it more difficult to dispose of our securities.
Nevada
law and our Articles of Incorporation may protect our directors from certain types of lawsuits.
Nevada
law provides that our officers and directors will not be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for all but certain
types of conduct as officers and directors. Our Bylaws permit us broad indemnification powers to all persons against all damages
incurred in connection with our business to the fullest extent provided or allowed by law. The exculpation provisions may have
the effect of preventing stockholders from recovering damages against our officers and directors caused by their negligence, poor
judgment or other circumstances. The indemnification provisions may require us to use our limited assets to defend our officers
and directors against claims, including claims arising out of their negligence, poor judgment, or other circumstances.
Broker-Dealer
requirements may affect trading and liquidity.
Section
15(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 15g-2 promulgated thereunder by the SEC require broker-dealers
dealing in penny stocks to provide potential investors with a document disclosing the risks of penny stocks and to obtain a manually
signed and dated written receipt of the document before effecting any transaction in a penny stock for the investor’s account.
Potential investors in our common stock are urged to obtain and read such disclosure carefully before purchasing any shares that
are deemed to be “penny stocks.” Moreover, Rule 15g-9 requires broker-dealers in penny stocks to approve the account
of any investor for transactions in such stocks before selling any penny stock to that investor. This procedure requires the broker-dealer
to (i) obtain from the investor information concerning his or her financial situation, investment experience and investment objectives;
(ii) reasonably determine, based on that information, that transactions in penny stocks are suitable for the investor and that
the investor has sufficient knowledge and experience as to be reasonably capable of evaluating the risks of penny stock transactions;
(iii) provide the investor with a written statement setting forth the basis on which the broker-dealer made the determination
in (ii) above; and (iv) receive a signed and dated copy of such statement from the investor, confirming that it accurately reflects
the investor’s financial situation, investment experience and investment objectives. Compliance with these requirements
may make it more difficult for holders of our common stock to resell their shares to third parties or to otherwise dispose of
them in the market or otherwise.
We
have not paid, and do not intend to pay, cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
We
have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock and do not intend to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We intend
to retain future earnings, if any, for reinvestment in the development and expansion of our business. Dividend payments in the
future may also be limited by other loan agreements or covenants contained in other securities which we may issue. Any future
determination to pay cash dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and depend on our financial condition,
results of operations, capital and legal requirements and such other factors as our board of directors deems relevant.