By Lisa Fleisher 

LONDON--British microchip designer ARM Holdings PLC beat profit expectations for the fourth quarter, after spending heavily in the year-ago period acquiring patents and benefiting from the voracious appetite for ever-faster smartphones.

ARM reported net profit of GBP72.8 million ($111 million), or 5.1 pence a share, up from a loss of GBP6.2 million, or 0.4 pence a share, in the fourth quarter of 2014. Revenue was GBP225.9 million for the three months ended Dec. 31, up 19% from GBP189.1 million.

ARM, which designs the basic chip technology found in more than 95% of all smartphones, reported strong demand for both the sophisticated processors that power phones such as Apple Inc.'s iPhone 6, as well as for the lower-energy chips used in simpler objects like fitness bands and other sensors.

Investors cheered the better-than-expected results, boosting shares as much as 4.6% early Wednesday. ARM also said it would increase its dividend to 4.5 pence, pushing its full 2014 dividend up 23% to 7 pence.

The industry is "spending money on getting access to new technology to develop new products for the future," said Chief Executive Simon Segars.

ARM makes money by licensing its designs to chip makers, then collecting royalty revenue when the chips ship. After striking licensing deals for its most sophisticated new processor design, called the v8, ARM said it received royalty payments in the fourth quarter from seven of its customers for the chips, up from five customers in the previous quarter and one in the fourth quarter a year ago.

That includes some royalty revenue from the use of the v8 in Apple's new iPhone 6 and 6 Plus. Still, ARM said most of the revenue from record iPhone sales would show up in its fiscal first quarter. Smartphones with the latest version are a "very, very small portion" of the fourth-quarter results, Chief Financial Officer Tim Score said.

Although Apple has been ahead of the pack rolling out the most powerful and sophisticated phones, other companies aren't far behind. Mr. Segars said he expected to see several phone makers adopt v8 chips.

Overall, the industry is churning out an increasing number of chips, leading to a record 12 billion ARM-based chips shipped in 2014, including 3.5 billion in the fourth quarter, the company said. But more of those chips are less expensive, meaning that the average royalty revenue from each chip sold decreased to 4.3 cents from 4.5 cents a year earlier.

Processor royalty revenue was up 16% year over year, following a weaker performance a year earlier due to an inventory backlog in the industry. Licensing revenue was up 27% on the year to $162.3 million, mainly based on 53 licenses signed for processor designs.

Write to Lisa Fleisher at lisa.fleisher@wsj.com

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