0001782524false333-000000N-2ASRNYIn the event that the securities to which this prospectus relates are sold to or through underwriters or agents, a corresponding prospectus supplement will disclose the applicable sales load (underwriting discount or commission). The related prospectus supplement will disclose the estimated amount of total offering expenses (which may include offering expenses borne by third parties on our behalf), the offering price and the offering expenses borne by us as a percentage of the offering price. The expenses of the dividend reinvestment plan are included in “other expenses” in the table above. For additional information, see “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.” Our base management fee is calculated at an annual rate of 1.0% of our average gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters, including assets purchased with borrowed funds or other forms of leverage but excluding cash and cash equivalents. The base management fee reflected in the table above is annualized and based on actual amounts incurred under the Investment Advisory Agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 prior to the waiver by the Adviser of its right to receive the base management fee in excess of 0.75% of the average value of the Company’s gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters for the Waiver Period. For the avoidance of doubt, the fee waiver is not reflected in the table above. For purposes of this table, the SEC requires the base management fee to be calculated by determining the ratio that the base management fee bears to our net assets attributable to common stock rather than our gross assets as set forth in the Investment Advisory Agreement. See “Management Agreements.”Our incentive fee consists of two parts. The first part is determined and paid quarterly based on our pre-incentive fee net investment income and the second part is determined and payable in arrears based on net capital gains as of the end of each calendar year or upon termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement. The table reflects each incentive fee calculated at a rate of 17.5%. Similar to the waiver referenced in footnote (4) above, the Adviser has agreed to waive its right to receive each component of the incentive fee above 15% during the Waiver Period. This fee waiver is not reflected in the table above. See “Management Agreements.” Interest payments on borrowed funds represents an estimate of our annualized interest expense based on our actual interest and credit facility expenses incurred for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, which includes the impact of interest rate swaps. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, our average borrowings outstanding was $1,614.4 million and our weighted average effective interest rate for total debt outstanding was 7.00%. We may borrow additional funds from time to time to make investments to the extent we determine that the economic situation is conducive to doing so. We may also issue preferred stock, subject to our compliance with applicable requirements under the 1940 Act. See “Description of our Preferred Stock.”“Other expenses” includes estimated overhead expenses, including payments under the Administration Agreement with our Administrator, and is based on actual amounts incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, annualized for a full year. See “Management Agreements.” Assumes that we will not realize any capital gains computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation. Assumes no unrealized capital depreciation and a 5% annual return resulting entirely from net realized capital gains and not otherwise deferrable under the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and therefore subject to the incentive fee based on capital gains. Because our investment strategy involves investments that generate primarily current income, we believe that a 5% annual return resulting entirely from net realized capital gains is unlikely. Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period presented. Asset coverage per unit is the ratio of the carrying value of our total assets, less all liabilities excluding indebtedness represented by senior securities in this table, to the aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness. Asset coverage per unit is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per $1,000 of indebtedness and is calculated on a consolidated basis. The amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior to it. The “—” in this column indicates information that the SEC expressly does not require to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities. Net Asset Value, or NAV, per share is determined as of the last day in the relevant quarter and therefore may not reflect the NAV per share on the date of the high and low closing sales prices. The NAVs shown are based on outstanding shares at the end of each period. 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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 26, 2024
Securities Act File No. 
333-
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 
FORM
N-2
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
  
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
 
  
Pre-Effective
Amendment No.
 
  
Post-Effective Amendment No.
 
 
 
MORGAN STANLEY DIRECT LENDING FUND
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
 
 
1585 Broadway, 23rd Floor
New York, New York 10036
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(212)
761-4000
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Jeffrey S. Levin
c/o MS Capital Partners Adviser Inc.
1585 Broadway, 23rd Floor
New York,
NY
 10036
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
 
 
Copies to:
Thomas J. Friedmann
William J. Bielefeld
Matthew J. Carter
Dechert LLP
One International Place, 40th Floor
100 Oliver Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02110-2605
(617)
728-7100
 
 
Approximate Date of Commencement of Proposed Public Offering
From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
Check box if the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans.
Check box if any securities being registered in this Form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, or the Securities Act, other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan.
Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction A.2 or a post-effective amendment thereto.
Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction B or a post-effective amendment thereto that will become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act.
Check box if this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction B to register additional securities or additional classes of additional securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act.
Is it proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
when declared effective pursuant to Section 8(c) of the Securities Act
If appropriate, check the following box:
This [post-effective] amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed [post-effective amendment] [registration statement].
This form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: .
This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is:
This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is:
Check each box that appropriately characterizes the Registrant:
Registered
Closed-End
Fund
(closed-end
company that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, or the Investment Company Act).
Business Development Company
(closed-end
company that intends or has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act).
Interval Fund (Registered
Closed-End
Fund or a Business Development Company that makes periodic repurchase offers under Rule
23c-3
under the Investment Company Act).
A.2 Qualified (qualified to register securities pursuant to General Instruction A.2 of this Form).
Well-Known Seasoned Issuer (as defined by Rule 405 under the Securities Act).
Emerging Growth Company (as defined by Rule
12b-2
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act.
☐ If an Emerging Growth Company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act.
New Registrant (registered or regulated under the Investment Company Act for less than 12 calendar months preceding this filing).
 
 
 

PROSPECTUS
MORGAN STANLEY DIRECT LENDING FUND
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Warrants
Subscription Rights
Debt Securities
We are a
non-diversified,
externally managed specialty finance company focused on lending to middle-market companies. We have elected to be regulated as a business development company, or a BDC, under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the 1940 Act. We are externally managed by MS Capital Partners Adviser Inc., an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley, or the Adviser. The U.S. private credit strategies (or MS Private Credit as defined below) within Morgan Stanley managed approximately $22.0 billion in committed capital
1
as of October 1, 2024. We are not a subsidiary of or consolidated with Morgan Stanley.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, we have elected to be treated, and intend to comply with the requirements to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company, or a RIC, under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or together with the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the Code.
Our investment objective is to achieve attractive risk-adjusted returns via current income and, to a lesser extent, capital appreciation by investing primarily in directly originated senior secured term loans issued by U.S. middle-market companies in which private equity sponsors have a controlling equity stake in the portfolio company. For the purposes of this prospectus, “middle-market companies” refers to companies that, in general, generate annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, in the range of approximately $15 million to $200 million, although not all of our portfolio companies will meet this criterion.
We invest primarily in directly originated senior secured term loans including first lien senior secured term loans (including unitranche loans) and second lien senior secured term loans, with the balance of our investments expected to be in higher-yielding assets such as mezzanine debt, unsecured debt, equity investments and other opportunistic asset purchases. Typical middle-market senior loans may be issued by middle-market companies in the context of leveraged buyouts, or LBOs, acquisitions, debt refinancings, recapitalizations, and other similar transactions. We generally expect our debt investments to have a stated term of five to eight years and typically bear interest at a floating rate usually determined on the basis of a benchmark (such as the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR). We generate revenues primarily in the form of interest income from investments we hold. In addition, we generate income from dividends or distributions of income on any direct equity investments, capital gains on the sale of loans and debt and equity securities, and various other loan origination and other fees, including commitment, origination, amendment, structuring, syndication or due diligence fees, fees for providing managerial assistance and consulting fees. We intend to finance our investments with borrowed money, which will magnify the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing in us. We are advised by our investment adviser, MS Capital Partners Adviser Inc., an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley.
We may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings or series, together or separately, our common stock, preferred stock, warrants representing rights to purchase shares of our common stock, preferred stock or debt securities, subscription rights or debt securities, which we refer to, collectively, as the “securities.” We may sell our common stock through underwriters or dealers,
“at-the-market”
to or through a market maker into an existing trading market or otherwise directly to one or more purchasers or through agents or through a combination of methods of sale. The identities of such underwriters, dealers, market makers or agents, as the case may be, will be described in one or more supplements to this prospectus. The securities may be offered at prices and on terms to be described in one or more supplements to this prospectus, or any free writing prospectuses that we have authorized to use in connection with a specific offering. In the event we offer common stock, the offering price per share of our common stock exclusive of any underwriting commissions or discounts will not be less than the net asset value per share of our common stock at the time we make the offering except (1) in connection with a rights offering to our existing stockholders, (2) with the consent of the majority of our common stockholders and approval of our board of directors or (3) under such circumstances as the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, may permit.
Our common stock is traded on The New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “MSDL”. The last reported closing price for our common stock on November 21, 2024 was $20.63 per share. The net asset value of our common stock on September 30, 2024 (the last date prior to the date of this prospectus on which we determined net asset value) was $20.83 per share.
This prospectus describes some of the general terms that may apply to an offering of our securities. We will provide the specific terms of these offerings and securities in one or more supplements to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may also add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement, and any related free writing prospectus, and the documents incorporated by reference before you invest in our securities. We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information about us with the SEC. We maintain a website at
https://www.msdl.com
and make all of our annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other publicly filed information available on or through our website. Information on our website is not incorporated into or a part of this prospectus or any related prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus. You may also obtain such information, free of charge, and make stockholder inquiries by contacting us at Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, 1585 Broadway, 23rd Floor, New York, NY 10036, by calling us at (212)
761-4000
or by email at msdl@morganstanley.com. The SEC also maintains a website at http://www.sec.gov that contains this information. Shares of
closed-end
investment companies that are listed on an exchange, including BDCs, frequently trade at a discount to their net asset value, or NAV, per share. If our shares trade at a discount to our NAV, it may increase the risk of loss for purchasers in this offering.
Neither the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk, including credit risk and the risk of the use of leverage, and is highly speculative. The middle-market loans in which we invest are typically not rated by any rating agency, but we believe if they were rated, they would be below investment grade. These investments, which may be referred to as “junk,” have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Before buying any shares of our securities, you should read the discussion of the material risks of investing in our securities in “
” beginning on page 8 of this prospectus or otherwise incorporated by reference herein, and included or incorporated by reference into the applicable prospectus supplement and in any related free writing prospectuses that we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
This prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
The date of this prospectus is November 26, 2024.
 
1
 
Committed capital is calculated as aggregate capital commitments or equity raised and total committed leverage within each of the funds or accounts managed by the MS Private Credit platform with exception for funds past their investment period, where committed capital is calculated as invested capital.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
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i

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of an automatic registration statement that we have filed with the SEC using the “shelf” registration process as a “well-known seasoned issuer” as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. Under the shelf registration process, we may offer from time to time in one or more offerings, our common stock, preferred stock, warrants representing rights to purchase shares of our common stock, preferred stock or debt securities, subscription rights or debt securities on the terms to be determined at the time of the offering. We may sell our securities through underwriters or dealers,
“at-the-market”
to or through a market maker, into an existing trading market or otherwise directly to one or more purchasers or through agents or through a combination of methods of sale. The identities of such underwriters, dealers, market makers or agents, as the case may be, will be described in one or more supplements to this prospectus, or the free writing prospectuses that we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering.
This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities that we may offer. Each time we use this prospectus to offer securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to that offering. The prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus or in the documents we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus. This prospectus, together with the applicable prospectus supplement, any related free writing prospectus, and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement will include all material information relating to the applicable offering. Before buying any of the securities being offered, please carefully read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement, and any related free writing prospectus, together with any exhibits and the additional information described in the sections titled “
Risk Factors
” and “
Available Information
.”
This prospectus may contain estimates and information concerning our industry that are based on industry publications and reports. This information involves many assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to these estimates. We have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the data contained in these industry publications and reports. The industry in which we operate is subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in the section titled “
Risk Factors
,” that could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in these publications and reports.
This prospectus includes summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described in this prospectus, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed, or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described in the section titled “
Available Information
.”
You should rely only on the information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement or in any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We have not authorized any dealer, salesperson or other person to provide you with different information or to make representations as to matters not stated in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement or in any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. This prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you do not constitute an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, any securities by any person in any jurisdiction where it is unlawful for that person to make such an offer or solicitation or to any person in any jurisdiction to whom it is unlawful to make such an offer or solicitation. You should not assume that the information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus
 
ii

supplement or in any such free writing prospectus is accurate as of any date other than their respective dates. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects may have changed since that date.
The references in this prospectus to the SEC’s website are not intended to and do not include or incorporate by reference into this prospectus the information on that website. Similarly, references to our website are not intended to and do not include or incorporate by reference into this prospectus the information on that website.
 
iii

SUMMARY OF KEY TERMS
In this prospectus, except where the context suggests otherwise:
 
   
the terms “we,”
 “us,”
 “our,” and the “Company” refer to Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, a Delaware corporation, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, where applicable;
 
   
the terms “Morgan Stanley” or the “Firm” refer to Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) and its consolidated subsidiaries. For the avoidance of doubt, we are not a subsidiary of or consolidated with Morgan Stanley. Furthermore, Morgan Stanley has no obligation, contractual or otherwise, to financially support us. Morgan Stanley has no history of financially supporting any of the other MS BDCs (as defined below), even during periods of financial distress;
 
   
the term “IM” refers to the Morgan Stanley Investment Management platform, which is Morgan Stanley’s investment management unit and represents one of Morgan Stanley’s three business segments;
 
   
the term “MS Private Credit” refers to the U.S. private credit strategies within the private credit platform of IM;
 
   
the terms “Adviser” or “Investment Adviser” refer to MS Capital Partners Adviser
 Inc., our investment adviser, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley;
 
   
the term “Administrator” refers to MS Private Credit Administrative Services LLC, our administrator, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley; and
 
   
the term “MS BDCs” refers to the Company and the other business development companies, or BDCs, managed by our Adviser.
 
iv

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This summary highlights information included elsewhere in this prospectus or incorporated by reference. It is not complete and may not contain all of the information that you should consider before making your investment decision. You should carefully read the entire prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement, and any related free writing prospectus, including the risks of investing in our securities discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund
We are a
non-diversified,
externally managed specialty finance company focused on lending to middle-market companies. We were formed as a Delaware limited liability company on May 30, 2019 and, effective November 25, 2019, converted to a Delaware corporation. We commenced investment operations in January 2020. We have elected to be regulated as a BDC under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the 1940 Act. We are externally managed by the Adviser, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley. MS Private Credit managed approximately $22.0 billion in committed capital
3
as of October 1, 2024. We are not a subsidiary of or consolidated with Morgan Stanley.
As of September 30, 2024, we had an investment portfolio of $3.6 billion measured by fair value, and a net asset value of $1.9 billion. As of September 30, 2024, first lien debt represented 96.0%, second lien debt represented
2
.3%, other debt investments represented 0.2%, and equity securities, such as preferred and common equity, represented 1.5% of our investment portfolio as measured by fair value.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, we have elected to be treated, and intend to comply with the requirements to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company, or a RIC, under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or together with the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the Code.
Our investment objective is to achieve attractive risk-adjusted returns via current income and, to a lesser extent, capital appreciation by investing primarily in directly originated senior secured term loans issued by U.S. middle-market companies in which private equity sponsors have a controlling equity stake in the portfolio company. For the purposes of this prospectus, “middle-market companies” refers to companies that, in general, generate annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, in the range of approximately $15 million to $200 million, although not all of our portfolio companies will meet this criterion.
We invest primarily in directly originated senior secured term loans including first lien senior secured term loans (including unitranche loans) and second lien senior secured term loans, with the balance of our investments expected to be in higher-yielding assets such as mezzanine debt, unsecured debt, equity investments and other opportunistic asset purchases. Typical middle-market senior loans may be issued by middle-market companies in the context of leveraged buyouts, or LBOs, acquisitions, debt refinancings, recapitalizations, and other similar transactions. We generally expect our debt investments to have a stated term of five to eight years and typically bear interest at a floating rate usually determined on the basis of a benchmark (such as the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR).
 
3
 
Committed capital is calculated as aggregate capital commitments or equity raised and total committed leverage within each of the funds or accounts with exception for funds past their investment period, where committed capital is calculated as invested capital.
 
1

We generate revenues primarily in the form of interest income from investments we hold. In addition, we generate income from dividends or distributions of income on any direct equity investments, capital gains on the sale of loans and debt and equity securities, and various other loan origination and other fees, including commitment, origination, amendment, structuring, syndication or due diligence fees, fees for providing managerial assistance and consulting fees.
The middle-market loans in which we generally invest are typically not rated by any rating agency, but we believe that if they were rated, they would be below investment grade (rated lower than “Baa3” by Moody’s Investors Service, lower than “BBB–” by Fitch Ratings or lower than “BBB–” by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services), which under the guidelines established by these rating agencies is an indication of having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Debt instruments that are rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.”
The Adviser
On January 24, 2024, in connection with our initial public offering, or IPO, we entered into an amended and restated investment advisory agreement with our Adviser, or the Investment Advisory Agreement. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, we pay the Adviser a fee for investment advisory and management services consisting of two components—a base management fee and an incentive fee. The Investment Advisory Agreement incorporates (i) a cumulative three-year lookback provision and (ii) a cap on quarterly income incentive fee payments based on net realized capital loss, if any, during the applicable three-year lookback period. For the period from January 24, 2024 to January 24, 2025, or the Waiver Period, the Adviser has also agreed to waive any portion of the base management fee in excess of 0.75% and each component of the incentive fee above 15%. The Investment Advisory Agreement was initially approved by our Board of Directors, or the Board, in September 2023, subject to the completion of our IPO, and most recently
re-approved
in August 2024. The Investment Advisory Agreement will continue from year to year if approved annually by a majority of our stockholders or a majority of our Board, including a majority of the directors who are not “interested persons” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act, or the Independent Directors.
Morgan Stanley launched its private credit platform in 2010. The private credit platform includes dedicated strategies targeting different credit products, asset yields and issuer sizes, resulting in a platform that we believe is well positioned to provide scale and flexible financing solutions to borrowers, maximize deal origination and enhance the ability to generate attractive risk adjusted returns for our stockholders. These strategies include MS Private Credit, European private credit and tactical credit.
Our Adviser, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley, was established in 2007 and serves as the investment adviser for various funds, accounts and strategies, including the funds and accounts on the MS Private Credit platform, including the MS BDCs, and managed approximately $22.0 billion of committed capital
4
as of October 1, 2024.
MS Private Credit’s primary areas of focus include:
 
   
Direct Lending
. The Direct Lending strategy includes the Company, the other MS BDCs and other funds and separately managed accounts. Investments made primarily in directly originated first lien senior secured and second lien senior secured loans, mezzanine notes, unsecured debt, preferred stock,
 
4
 
Committed capital is calculated as aggregate capital commitments or equity raised and total committed leverage within each of the funds or accounts managed by the MS Private Credit platform with exception for funds past their investment period, where committed capital is calculated as invested capital.
 
2

 
and common stock issued by U.S. middle-market companies owned by private equity firms, typically, although not always, with annual EBITDA of up to $200 million. As of October 1, 2024, Direct Lending managed approximately $19.0 billion in committed capital.
 
   
Opportunistic Credit
. Investments made primarily in complex assets, unusual credit situations or companies experiencing difficulties in sourcing capital. Other potential investments included in this category may include purchasing public or private securities in the open market at deep discounts to their fundamental value. Investments are made primarily in first lien senior secured and second lien senior secured loans, mezzanine notes, unsecured debt, preferred stock and common stock issued by U.S. middle-market companies, typically, although not always, with annual EBITDA of $10 million to $100+ million. As of October 1, 2024, Opportunistic Credit managed approximately $3.0 billion in committed capital.
Our Adviser’s investment committee servicing the Company, or the Investment Committee, is comprised of ten senior investment professionals of IM and is chaired by Jeffrey S. Levin, our Chief Executive Officer and President and a member of our Board of Directors. The Investment Committee members have an average of 24 years of relevant industry experience and have experience investing across multiple credit cycles and different investing environments, including the global financial crisis of 2008. All investment decisions are reviewed and approved by the Investment Committee, which has principal responsibility for approving new investments and overseeing the management of existing investments.
Our Adviser is served by experienced investment professionals, or the Investment Team, within the MS Private Credit platform. The Investment Team is responsible for origination, due diligence, underwriting, structuring and monitoring each investment throughout its life cycle. In addition to our executive officers and their support teams, the MS Private Credit platform is supported by numerous professionals in legal, compliance, risk management, finance, accounting and tax who help support the platform by providing guidance on our operations.
Morgan Stanley, the parent of our Adviser, is a global financial services firm whose predecessor companies date back to 1924 and, through its subsidiaries and affiliates, advises, originates, trades, manages and distributes capital for governments, institutions and individuals. Morgan Stanley maintains a significant market position in each of its business divisions—Institutional Securities, or ISG, Wealth Management, or WM, and IM. We are not a subsidiary of or consolidated with Morgan Stanley and Morgan Stanley does not guarantee any of our financial obligations.
IM is a global investment manager, delivering innovative investment solutions across public and private markets. As of September 30, 2024, IM managed approximately $1.6 trillion in assets under management across its business lines, which include equity, fixed income, liquidity, real assets and private investment funds.
The Administrator
Our Administrator, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley, provides the administrative services necessary for us to operate pursuant to an administration agreement dated November 25, 2019, or the Administration Agreement. The Administration Agreement was most recently renewed by our Board of Directors in August 2024.
We do not currently have any employees. Our
day-to-day
investment operations are managed by our Adviser, and our Administrator provides services necessary to conduct our business. We pay no compensation directly to any interested director or executive officer of the Company. We pay our Administrator our allocable
 
3

portion of certain expenses incurred by our Administrator in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including our allocable portion of the cost of our Chief Financial Officer and Chief Compliance Officer. Our Administrator is reimbursed for certain expenses it incurs on our behalf. Our Administrator reserves the right to waive all or part of any reimbursements due from the Company at its sole discretion. See “
Item 1. Business—Administration Agreement
” in our most recent Annual Report on Form
10-K
for a discussion of the expenses (subject to the review and approval of our Independent Directors) that we reimburse to the Administrator.
Risks Associated with Our Business
Our business is subject to numerous risks, as described in the section titled “
Risk Factors
” in this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and in the related free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, and under similar headings in the documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, including the section titled “
Risk Factors
” included in our most recent Annual Report on Form
10-K,
as well as any amendments reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC.
Company Information
Our principal executive offices are located at 1585 Broadway, 23rd Floor, New York, New York 10036, and our telephone number is (212)
761-4000.
We maintain a website at
www.msdl.com
. Information on our website is not incorporated into or a part of this prospectus.
 
4

FEES AND EXPENSES
The following table is intended to assist you in understanding the fees and expenses that an investor in shares of our common stock will bear directly or indirectly. We caution you that some of the percentages indicated in the table below are estimates and may vary. The following table should not be considered a representation of our future expenses. Actual expenses may be greater or less than shown. Except where the context suggests otherwise, whenever this prospectus contains a reference to fees or expenses paid by “us” or that “we” will pay fees or expenses, our stockholders will indirectly bear such fees or expenses as our investors.
 
Stockholder transaction expenses (as a percentage of offering price):
  
Sales load
     %
(1)
 
Offering expenses
     %
(2)
 
Dividend reinvestment plan expenses
     None %
(3)
 
Total stockholder transaction expenses
    
 
Annual expenses (as a percentage of net assets attributable to common stock):
  
Base management fee
     1.86 %
(4)
 
Incentive fees
     2.37 %
(5)
 
Interest payments on borrowed funds
     6.43 %
(6)
 
Other expenses
     0.50 %
(7)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total annual expenses
  
 
11.16
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)
In the event that the securities to which this prospectus relates are sold to or through underwriters or agents, a corresponding prospectus supplement will disclose the applicable sales load (underwriting discount or commission).
(2)
The related prospectus supplement will disclose the estimated amount of total offering expenses (which may include offering expenses borne by third parties on our behalf), the offering price and the offering expenses borne by us as a percentage of the offering price.
(3)
The expenses of the dividend reinvestment plan are included in “other expenses” in the table above. For additional information, see “
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
.”
(4)
Our base management fee is calculated at an annual rate of 1.0% of our average gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters, including assets purchased with borrowed funds or other forms of leverage but excluding cash and cash equivalents. The base management fee reflected in the table above is annualized and based on actual amounts incurred under the Investment Advisory Agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 at a rate of 1.0%. The Investment Adviser has agreed to its right to receive the base management fee in excess of 0.75% the average value of the Company’s gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters for the Waiver Period. For the avoidance of doubt, the fee waiver is not reflected in the table above. For purposes of this table, the SEC requires the base management fee to be calculated by determining the ratio that the base management fee bears to our net assets attributable to common stock rather than our gross assets as set forth in the Investment Advisory Agreement. See “
Management Agreements
.
(5)
Our incentive fee consists of two parts. The first part is determined and paid quarterly based on our
pre-incentive
fee net investment income and the second part is determined and payable in arrears based on net capital gains as of the end of each calendar year or upon termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement. The table reflects each incent
ive
fee calculated at a rate of 17.5% based on actual amounts incurred under the Investment Advisory Agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Similar to the waiver referenced in footnote (4) above, the Adviser has agreed to waive its right to receive each component of the incentive fee above 15% during the Waiver Period. This fee waiver is not reflected in the table above. See “
Management Agreements
.”
(6)
Interest payments on borrowed funds represents an estimate of our annualized interest expense based on our actual interest and credit facility expenses incurred for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, which includes the impact of interest rate swaps. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, our average borrowings outstanding was $1,614.4 million and our weighted average effective interest rate for total debt
 
5

 
outstanding was 7.00%. We may borrow additional funds from time to time to make investments to the extent we determine that the economic situation is conducive to doing so. We may also issue preferred stock, subject to our compliance with applicable requirements under the 1940 Act.
See
Description of our Preferred Stock.
(7)
“Other expenses” includes estimated overhead expenses, including payments under the Administration Agreement with our Administrator, and is based on actual amounts incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, annualized for a full year. See “
Management Agreements
.”
Example
The
following
example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total cumulative expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect to a hypothetical investment in our common stock. In calculating the following expense amounts, we have assumed that our annual operating expenses remain at the levels set forth in the table above, except for the incentive fee based on income.
This example and the expenses in the table above should not be considered a representation of our future expenses, and actual expenses (including the cost of debt, if any, and other expenses) may be greater or less than those shown.
 
    
1
year
    
3
years
    
5
years
    
10
years
 
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 common stock investment, assuming a 5% annual return (none of which is subject to the incentive fee based on capital gains)
(1)
   $ 86      $ 249      $ 400      $ 729  
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 common stock investment, assuming a 5% annual return resulting entirely from net realized capital gains (all of which is subject to the incentive fee based on capital gains)
(2)
   $ 94      $ 270      $ 430      $ 769  
 
(1)
Assumes that we will not realize any capital gains computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation.
(2)
Assumes no unrealized capital depreciation and a 5% annual return resulting entirely from net realized capital gains and not otherwise deferrable under the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and therefore subject to the incentive fee based on capital gains. Because our investment strategy involves investments that generate primarily current income, we believe that a 5% annual return resulting entirely from net realized capital gains is unlikely.
The foregoing table is to assist you in understanding the various costs and expenses that an investor in our common stock will bear directly or indirectly. While the example assumes, as required by the SEC, a 5% annual return, our performance will vary and may result in a return greater or less than 5%. The incentive fee under the Investment Advisory Agreement, which, assuming a 5% annual return, would either not be payable or have an immaterial impact on the expense amounts shown above, is not included in the example. Under our Investment Advisory Agreement, no incentive fee would be payable if we have a 5% annual return. If we achieve sufficient returns on our investments, including through the realization of capital gains, to trigger an incentive fee of a material amount, our expenses, and returns to our investors, would be higher. The example assumes that all dividends and other distributions are reinvested at net asset value. Under certain circumstances, reinvestment of dividends and other distributions under our dividend reinvestment plan may occur at a price per share that differs from net asset value. See “
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
” for more information.
This example should not be considered a representation of our future expenses, and actual expenses (including the cost of debt, if any, and other expenses) may be greater or less than those shown. The amounts included in the table above for “Other expenses” represent our estimates based on actual amounts incurred for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, annualized for a full year.
 
6

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The information contained in Note 11 to our audited consolidated financial statements in our most recent Annual Report on Form
10-K
and in Note 10 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements in our most recent Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q
is incorporated by reference herein.
 
7

RISK FACTORS
Investing in our securities involves a number of significant risks. Before you invest in our securities, you should carefully consider various risks described in the section titled “
Risk Factors
” in our most recent Annual Report on Form
10-K,
as well as in subsequent filings with the SEC that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus in their entirety, together with other information in this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference, and any prospectus supplement and free writing prospectus that we may authorize for use in connection with this offering. The risks set out in these documents are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or not presently deemed material by us may also impair our operations and performance. If any of these risks occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected. In such case, our net asset value and the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. The risk factors described in these documents are the principal risk factors associated with an investment in us as well as those factors generally associated with an investment company with investment objectives, investment policies, capital structure or trading markets similar to ours.
 
8

POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Introduction
As a diversified global financial services firm, Morgan Stanley engages in a broad spectrum of activities, including financial advisory services, investment management activities, lending, commercial banking, sponsoring and managing private investment funds, engaging in broker-dealer transactions and principal securities, commodities and foreign exchange transactions, research publication and other activities. In the ordinary course of its business, Morgan Stanley is a full-service investment banking and financial services firm and therefore engages in activities where Morgan Stanley’s interests or the interests of its clients may conflict with the interests of our stockholders, notwithstanding Morgan Stanley’s participation as one of our investors. Investors should be aware that potential and actual conflicts of interest between Morgan Stanley or any Affiliated Investment Account (as defined below), on the one hand, and us, on the other hand, may exist and others may arise in connection with our operation. Morgan Stanley’s employees may also have interests separate from those of Morgan Stanley and us. The discussion below enumerates certain actual, apparent and potential conflicts of interest. There is no assurance that conflicts of interest will be resolved in favor of the Company’s stockholders, and, in fact, they may not be.
Our vendors and service providers may charge higher fee rates or otherwise contract on terms that are different to those offered to Morgan Stanley or other Morgan Stanley products.
Material Nonpublic Information
It is expected that confidential or material nonpublic information regarding a portfolio company or potential investment opportunity may become available to Morgan Stanley. If such information becomes available to Morgan Stanley, we may be precluded by trading restrictions in order to comply with applicable law, regulatory restrictions or internal policies or procedures, including without limitation joint transaction restrictions pursuant to the 1940 Act, from pursuing an investment or exit opportunity with respect to such portfolio company or investment opportunity. The Adviser and/or Morgan Stanley may also from time to time be subject to contractual “stand-still” obligations and/or confidentiality obligations that may restrict the Adviser’s ability to trade in or make certain investments on our behalf. In addition, Morgan Stanley may be precluded from disclosing such information to the Investment Team, even in circumstances in which the information would benefit us if disclosed. Therefore, the Adviser may not be provided access to material nonpublic information in the possession of Morgan Stanley that might be relevant to an investment decision to be made by us, and we may initiate a transaction or sell an investment that, if such information had been known to it, may not have been undertaken. In addition, certain members of the Investment Team and of the Investment Committee may be recused from certain investment-related discussions, including Investment Committee meetings, so that such members do not receive information that would limit their ability to perform functions of their employment with Morgan Stanley unrelated to us. Furthermore, access to certain parts of Morgan Stanley may be subject to third party confidentiality obligations and to information barriers established by Morgan Stanley in order to manage potential conflicts of interest and regulatory restrictions, including without limitation joint transaction restrictions pursuant to the 1940 Act and internal policies and procedures. Accordingly, the Company’s ability to source investments from other business units within Morgan Stanley may be limited and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to source any investments from any one or more parts of the Morgan Stanley network.
Investments by Morgan Stanley and Its Affiliated Investment Accounts
Morgan Stanley has advised, and may advise, clients and has sponsored, managed or advised the Affiliated Investment Accounts with a wide variety of investment objectives that in some instances may overlap or conflict with the investment objectives of the Company and present conflicts of interest, including without limitation, the MS BDCs, whose investment objectives overlap with those of the Company. The term “Affiliated Investment Accounts” includes certain alternative investment funds, regulated funds and investment programs, accounts and
 
9

businesses that are advised by or affiliated with the Adviser or its affiliates or through which IM otherwise conducts its business, together with any new or successor to such funds, programs, accounts or businesses. In addition, Morgan Stanley routinely makes equity and private debt investments in connection with its global business and operations. MS Private Credit may also from time to time create new or successor Affiliated Investment Accounts that may compete with the Company for investment opportunities or overlap in terms of investment strategy and may present similar conflicts of interest. Morgan Stanley and/or some of its Affiliated Investment Accounts have routinely made, and will continue to make, investments that fall within the investment objectives of the Company. Certain members of the Investment Team and the Investment Committee may make investment decisions on behalf of Affiliated Investment Accounts, including Affiliated Investment Accounts with investment objectives that overlap with those of the Company.
Morgan Stanley currently invests and plans to continue to invest on its own behalf and on behalf of its Affiliated Investment Accounts in a wide variety of investment opportunities in North America, Europe and elsewhere. Morgan Stanley and, to the extent consistent with applicable law, exemptive relief and/or the Adviser’s allocation policies and procedures, its Affiliated Investment Accounts will be permitted to invest in investment opportunities without making such opportunities available to us beforehand. Subject to the requirements of any applicable exemptive relief, Morgan Stanley may offer investments that fall into the investment objectives of an Affiliated Investment Account to such account or make such investment on its own behalf, even though such investment also falls within our investment objectives. We may invest in opportunities that Morgan Stanley and/or one or more Affiliated Investment Accounts has declined, and vice versa. Certain of these Affiliated Investment Accounts may provide for higher management fees or incentive fees or have greater expense reimbursements or overhead allocations, or permit the Adviser and its affiliates to receive higher origination and other transaction fees, which may create an incentive for the Adviser to favor such Affiliated Investment Accounts. All of the foregoing may reduce the number of investment opportunities available to the Company and may create conflicts of interest in allocating investment opportunities among the Company, itself and the Affiliated Investment Accounts, including the MS BDCs.
To seek to reduce potential conflicts of interest and to attempt to allocate such investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, the Adviser has implemented allocation policies and procedures. These policies and procedures are intended to give all applicable clients of the Adviser, including the Company, fair access to new private credit investment opportunities consistent with the requirements of organizational documents, investment strategies, applicable laws and regulations, the fiduciary duties of the Adviser, and to meet the conditions set in the exemptive order granted by the SEC. The exemptive order allows certain of the Adviser’s clients to participate in negotiated
co-investment
transactions, subject to the conditions set forth therein as described under
“Co-Investment
Transactions” below. Each applicable client of the Adviser that is subject to the allocation policies and procedures, including the Company, is assigned a portfolio manager by the Adviser. The portfolio managers review potential investment opportunities and will make an initial determination with respect to the allocation of each applicable opportunity taking into account various factors, including, but not limited to those described under
“Co-Investment
Transactions” below. The Adviser is empowered to take into account other considerations it deems appropriate to ensure a fair and equitable allocation of opportunities. The allocation policies and procedures are subject to change. Investors should note that the conflicts inherent in making such allocation decisions may not always be resolved to our advantage. There can be no assurance that we will have an opportunity to participate in certain opportunities that fall within our investment objectives.
It is possible that Morgan Stanley or an Affiliated Investment Account will invest in a company that is or becomes a competitor of a portfolio company of the Company. Such investment could create a conflict between us, on the one hand, and Morgan Stanley or the Affiliated Investment Account, on the other hand. In such a situation, Morgan Stanley may also have a conflict in the allocation of its own resources to the portfolio company. In addition, certain Affiliated Investment Accounts will be focused primarily on investing in other funds which may have strategies that overlap and/or directly conflict and compete with us. In certain cases, we may be unable to invest in attractive opportunities because of the investment by these Affiliated Investment Accounts in such private equity or private credit funds.
 
10

It should be noted that Morgan Stanley has, directly or indirectly, made large investments in certain of its Affiliated Investment Accounts, including the MS BDCs, and accordingly Morgan Stanley’s investment in the Company may not be a determining factor in the outcome of any of the foregoing conflicts. Nothing herein restricts or in any way limits the activities of Morgan Stanley, including its ability to buy or sell interests in, or provide financing to, equity and/or debt instruments, funds or portfolio companies, for its own accounts or for the accounts of Affiliated Investment Accounts or other investment funds or clients in accordance with applicable law.
We rely on the exemptive order, or the Order, which has been granted by the SEC to us, our Adviser and certain of its affiliates, to
co-invest
with other funds advised by our Adviser or its affiliates, including the MS BDCs and other private funds advised by the Adviser, in a manner consistent with our investment objective positions, policies, strategies and restrictions as well as regulatory requirements and other pertinent factors. We have applied for a new exemptive relief order which, if granted, would supersede the Order and would permit us and the Adviser greater flexibility with respect to negotiated
co-investment
transactions alongside certain Regulated Funds and Affiliated Funds (each as defined in the application). There can be no assurance that the Adviser will obtain such new exemptive relief from the SEC. See “
Co-Investment
Transactions
” below.
Our Adviser or its affiliates may engage in certain origination activities and receive arrangement, structuring or similar fees in connection with such activities. See “
Risk Factors—Risks Relation to our Business and Structure—Conflicts related to obligations the Investment Committee, the Adviser or its affiliates have to other clients and conflicts related to fees and expenses of such other clients
” in Part I, Item 1A of our most recent Annual Report on Form
10-K.
Our Adviser’s liability is limited under the Investment Advisory Agreement, and we are required to indemnify our Adviser against certain liabilities. These protections may lead our Adviser to act in a riskier manner when acting on our behalf than it would when acting for its own account. See “
Risk Factors
Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure
The liability of each of the Adviser and the Administrator is limited, and we have agreed to indemnify each against certain liabilities, which may lead them to act in a riskier manner on our behalf than each would when acting for its own account
” in Part I, Item 1A of our most recent Annual Report on Form
10-K.
Co-Investment
Transactions
Our Adviser has received the Order from the SEC that permits us, among other things, to
co-invest
with certain other persons, including certain Affiliated Investment Accounts advised and controlled by the Adviser, including the MS BDCs. Subject to the 1940 Act and the conditions of any such
co-investment
order issued by the SEC, we may, under certain circumstances,
co-invest
with certain Affiliated Investment Account advised by the Adviser in investments that are suitable for the Company and one or more of such Affiliated Investment Account. Even though the Company and any such Affiliated Investment Account
co-invest
in the same securities, conflicts of interest may still arise. If the Adviser is presented with
co-investment
opportunities that generally fall within our investment objective and other board-established criteria and those of one or more Affiliated Investment Accounts advised by the Adviser, whether focused on a debt strategy or otherwise, the Adviser will allocate such opportunities among us and such Affiliated Investment Accounts in a manner consistent with the Order and our Adviser’s allocation policies and procedures, as discussed herein.
Investment opportunities for all other Affiliated Investment Accounts not advised by our Adviser or its affiliates as well as other Morgan Stanley business lines are allocated in accordance with their respective investment advisers’ and Morgan Stanley’s other allocation policies and procedures. Such policies and procedures may result in certain investment opportunities that are attractive to us being allocated to other funds, accounts or Morgan Stanley business lines that are not advised by our Adviser.
With respect to
co-investment
transactions conducted under the Order, initial internal allocations among us and certain other Affiliated Investment Accounts advised by our Adviser that are party to the Order, or the Internal Order, will generally be made taking into account a variety of factors which may include factors not
 
11

limited to: investment guidelines, goals or restrictions of the applicable Affiliated Investment Accounts, capacity and execution capability of the vehicle (i.e. availability of capital), existing allocations to issuers, industry and geographical concentrations, diversification requirements and objectives, leverage covenants or restrictions, tax considerations, desired position sizes, legal or regulatory considerations, investment horizon/life cycle, liquidity requirements, risk concentration limits (if any), prohibitions or restrictions on “joint transactions” for entities regulated under the 1940 Act, compliance with
co-investment
order conditions pursuant to the Order and other applicable guidance and relief, as applicable. If we invest in a transaction under the Order and, immediately before the submission of the order for us and the other participating Affiliated Investment Accounts, the opportunity is oversubscribed, it will generally be allocated on a pro rata basis based on Internal Order’s size. Final allocations are approved by an allocation committee comprised of senior management. Our Board of Directors regularly reviews the allocation policies and procedures and code of ethics of the Adviser.
To the extent consistent with applicable law and/or any exemptive relief applicable to us and/or the Adviser, in addition to such
co-investments,
the Company and Morgan Stanley or an Affiliated Investment Account may, as part of unrelated transactions, invest in either the same or different tiers of a portfolio company’s capital structure or in an affiliate of such portfolio company. To the extent we hold investments in the same portfolio company or in an affiliate thereof that are different (including with respect to their relative seniority) than those held by Morgan Stanley or an Affiliated Investment Account, the Adviser and Morgan Stanley may be presented with decisions when the interests of the two
co-investors
are in conflict. In circumstances where there is a portfolio company in which we have an equity or debt investment and in which Morgan Stanley or an Affiliated Investment Account has an equity or senior debt investment elsewhere in the portfolio company’s capital structure, Morgan Stanley may have conflicting loyalties between its duties to its stockholders, the Affiliated Investment Account, the Company, certain of its other affiliates and the portfolio company. In that regard, actions may be taken for Morgan Stanley or such Affiliated Investment Account that are adverse to us, or actions may or may not be taken by us due to Morgan Stanley’s or such Affiliated Investment Account’s investment, which action or failure to act may be adverse to us. In addition, it is possible that in a bankruptcy proceeding, our interest may be subordinated or otherwise adversely affected by virtue of Morgan Stanley’s or such Affiliated Investment Account’s involvement and actions relating to its investment. Decisions about what action should be taken in a troubled situation, including whether to enforce claims, whether to advocate or initiate restructuring or liquidation inside or outside of bankruptcy, and the terms of any
work-out
or restructuring, raise conflicts of interest. If a portfolio company becomes troubled, we might arguably be best served by a liquidation that would result in its debt being paid, but leave nothing for Morgan Stanley or such Affiliated Investment Accounts. In those circumstances where the Company and Morgan Stanley or such Affiliated Investment Accounts hold investments in different classes of a company’s debt or equity, Morgan Stanley may also, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, take steps to reduce the potential for adversity between the Company and Morgan Stanley or such Affiliated Investment Accounts, including causing the Company to take certain actions that, in the absence of such conflict, it would not take, such as (A) remaining passive in a restructuring or similar situations (including electing not to vote or voting pro rata with other security-holders), (B) divesting investments or (C) otherwise taking an action designed to reduce adversity. A similar standard generally will apply if Morgan Stanley or such Affiliated Investment Accounts make an investment in a company or asset in which we hold an investment in a different class of such company’s debt or equity securities or such asset.
Morgan Stanley Trading and Principal Investing Activities
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Morgan Stanley will generally conduct its sales and trading businesses, publish research and analysis, and render investment advice without regard for our holdings, although these activities could have an adverse impact on the value of one or more of our investments, or could cause Morgan Stanley to have an interest in one or more portfolio investments that is different from, and potentially adverse to ours.
Morgan Stanley’s sales and trading, financing and principal investing businesses (whether or not specifically identified as such, and including Morgan Stanley’s trading and principal investing businesses) will
 
12

not be required to offer any investment opportunities to us. These businesses may encompass, among other things, principal trading activities as well as principal investing.
Morgan Stanley’s sales and trading, financing, and principal investing businesses have acquired or invested in, and in the future may acquire or invest in, minority and/or majority control positions in equity or debt instruments of diverse public and/or private companies. Such activities may put Morgan Stanley in a position to exercise contractual, voting, or creditor rights, or management or other control with respect to securities or loans of portfolio companies or other issuers, and in these instances Morgan Stanley may, in its discretion and subject to applicable law, act to protect its own interests or interests of clients, and not our interests.
Subject to the limitations of applicable law and the conditions of the Order, we may purchase from or sell assets to, or make investments in, companies in which Morgan Stanley has or may acquire an interest, including as an owner, creditor or counterparty.
Morgan Stanley’s Investment Banking Activities
Morgan Stanley advises clients on a variety of mergers, acquisitions, go private, hedging and financing transactions. Morgan Stanley may act as an advisor to clients, including other investment funds that may compete with us, with respect to investments in portfolio companies in which we may invest. Morgan Stanley may give advice and take action with respect to any of its clients or proprietary accounts that may differ from the advice given, or may involve an action of a different timing or nature than the action taken, by us. Morgan Stanley may give advice and provide recommendations to persons competing with us and/or any of our portfolio companies that are contrary to our best interests and/or the best interests of our portfolio companies.
Morgan Stanley could be engaged in financial advising, whether on the
buy-side
or sell-side, or in financing, lending or hedging assignments that could result in Morgan Stanley’s determining in its discretion or being required to act exclusively on behalf of one or more third parties, which could limit our ability to transact with respect to one or more existing or potential investments. Morgan Stanley may have relationships with third-party funds, companies or investors who may have invested in or may look to invest in portfolio companies, and there could be conflicts between our best interests, on the one hand, and the interests of a Morgan Stanley client or counterparty, on the other hand. From time to time, Morgan Stanley’s investment banking professionals may introduce a client to us that requires financing to complete an acquisition transaction and may receive a finder’s fee to the extent permitted by applicable law.
To the extent that Morgan Stanley advises creditor or debtor companies in the financial restructuring of companies either prior to or after filing for protection under chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code or similar laws in other jurisdictions, the Adviser’s flexibility in making investments in such restructurings on our behalf may be limited.
Morgan Stanley could provide investment banking services to competitors of portfolio companies, as well as to private equity and/or private credit funds; such activities may present Morgan Stanley with a conflict of interest
vis-à-vis
our investment and may also result in a conflict in respect of the allocation of investment banking resources to portfolio companies.
Our portfolio companies may engage Morgan Stanley to perform investment banking services, including advice on valuing, structuring, negotiating and arranging financing for certain transactions, and Morgan Stanley may also earn fees in connection with unconsummated transactions. In such situations, Morgan Stanley will generally receive fees based on the prevailing market rates for such services upon the consummation of the investment banking transaction for which it was retained.
Morgan Stanley will not share these fees with us. Morgan Stanley may also make interest-bearing loans to us and our portfolio companies and may act as agent in connection with the placement or syndication of our respective indebtedness.
 
13

To the extent permitted by applicable law, Morgan Stanley may provide a broad range of financial services to companies in which we invest, including strategic and financial advisory services, interim acquisition financing and other lending and underwriting or placement of securities, and Morgan Stanley generally will be paid fees (that may include warrants or other securities) for such services.
Morgan Stanley will not share any of the foregoing interest, fees and other compensation received by it (including, for the avoidance of doubt, amounts received by the Adviser) with us or the investors, and the management fees payable by or on our behalf and the behalf of the investors will not be reduced thereby.
Morgan Stanley may be engaged to act as a financial advisor to a company in connection with the sale of such company, or subsidiaries or divisions thereof, may represent potential buyers of businesses through its mergers and acquisition activities and may provide lending and other related financing services in connection with such transactions. Morgan Stanley’s compensation for such activities is usually based upon realized consideration and is usually contingent, in substantial part, upon the closing of the transaction. We may be precluded from participating in a loan to the company being sold under these circumstances.
Morgan Stanley’s Investment Management Activities
Morgan Stanley conducts a variety of investment management activities, including sponsoring investment funds that are registered under the 1940 Act and subject to its rules and regulations. Such activities also include managing assets of pension funds that are subject to federal pension law and its regulations. Such activities are generally restricted to investments in publicly traded securities and may present conflicts if we pursue an investment in, or if one of our portfolio companies seeks to acquire or merge with, a public company in which Morgan Stanley’s investment management clients and investment companies have previously invested.
Morgan Stanley’s Marketing Activities
Morgan Stanley is engaged in the business of underwriting, syndicating, brokering, administering, servicing, arranging and advising on the distribution of a wide variety of alternative structured products and other securities in which we may invest, including, without limitation, royalty-backed bonds and royalty sales, tax receivable agreements, index dividend swaps, synthetic performing loan securitizations, collateralized loan obligations and commercial mortgage-backed securities. Subject to the restrictions of the 1940 Act, including Sections 10(f) and 57(a) thereof, we may invest in transactions in which Morgan Stanley acts as underwriter, placement agent, syndicator, broker, administrative agent, servicer, advisor, arranger or structuring agent and receives fees or other compensation from the sponsors of such products or securities. Any fees earned by Morgan Stanley in such capacity will not be shared with us. Certain conflicts of interest, in addition to the receipt of fees or other compensation, would be inherent in these transactions. Moreover, the interests of one of Morgan Stanley’s clients with respect to an issuer of securities in which we have an investment may be adverse to our best interests. In conducting the foregoing activities, Morgan Stanley will be acting for its other clients and will have no obligation to act in our best interests.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in light of our investment strategy, it is anticipated that a portion of our investments will be sourced from various Morgan Stanley business units, including in particular, but without limitation, the ISG division, which includes Investment Banking, Sales & Trading, and Global Capital Markets. To the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, ISG may serve as a broker to both the counterparty and us. There can be no assurance that we will be able to source investments from other businesses within Morgan Stanley.
Commodities and Global-Structured Products
Morgan Stanley’s commodities business will not be required to offer any investment opportunity to us. This business includes or may include in the future (but is not limited to) the ownership (whether directly or indirectly, in whole or in part), financing, hedging, trading, production, storage and delivery of various types of
 
14

commodities and commodity-related products and commodity-related assets, including, without limitation, energy (power and capacity), coal, emissions, oil and its byproducts, natural gas, metals and minerals, agricultural products, wind-powered energy, renewables, biodiesels, shipping, transmission, port and storage facilities, conversion facilities or any associated land or other facilities and generation.
Morgan Stanley’s global-structured products business will not be required to offer any investment opportunity to us. This business is a joint venture among Morgan Stanley’s investment banking, fixed income and consolidated equities divisions that pursues structured
tax-advantaged
transactions primarily on behalf of Morgan Stanley.
Client Relationships
Morgan Stanley has existing and potential relationships with a significant number of corporations, institutions and individuals. In providing services to its clients, Morgan Stanley may face conflicts of interest with respect to activities recommended to or performed for such clients, on the one hand, and us, the investors or the entities in which we invest, on the other hand. In addition, these client relationships may present conflicts of interest in determining whether to offer certain investment opportunities to us.
In acting as principal or in providing advisory and other services to its other clients, Morgan Stanley may engage in or recommend activities with respect to a particular matter that conflict with or are different from activities engaged in or recommended by the Adviser on our behalf.
Principal Investments
To the extent permitted by applicable law, there may be situations in which our interests in a portfolio company may conflict with the interests of one or more general accounts of Morgan Stanley and its affiliates or accounts advised by Morgan Stanley or their affiliates. This may occur because these accounts hold public and private debt and equity securities of a large number of issuers which may be or become portfolio companies, or from whom portfolio companies may be acquired.
Conflicts with Portfolio Companies
Officers and employees of the Adviser or Morgan Stanley may serve as directors of certain portfolio companies and, in that capacity, will be required to make decisions that they consider to be in the best interest of the portfolio company. In certain circumstances, for example in situations involving bankruptcy or near insolvency of the portfolio company, actions that may be in the best interests of the portfolio company may not be in our best interests, and vice versa. In addition, the possibility exists that the companies with which one or more members of the Investment Team or other employees of Morgan Stanley are involved could engage in transactions that would be suitable for us, but in which we might be unable to invest. Accordingly, in these situations, there may be conflicts of interests between such person’s duties as an officer or employee of the Adviser or Morgan Stanley and such person’s duties as a director of the portfolio company.
Morgan Stanley may invest on behalf of itself and/or its Affiliated Investment Accounts in a portfolio company that is a competitor of one of our portfolio companies or that is a service provider, supplier, customer or other counterparty with respect to one of our portfolio companies. In providing advice and recommendations to, or with respect to, such portfolio companies, and in dealing in their securities on behalf of itself or such Affiliated Investment Accounts, to the extent permitted by law, Morgan Stanley will not take into consideration our best interests or the best interests of our portfolio companies. Accordingly, such advice, recommendations and dealings may result in adverse consequences to us or our portfolio companies. In addition, in providing services to such portfolio companies, the Adviser may come into possession of information that it is prohibited from acting on (including on our behalf) even though such action would be in our best interests. See also “
Material Nonpublic Information
” above.
 
15

Transactions with Portfolio Companies of Affiliated Investment Accounts
Our portfolio entities may be counterparties to or participants in agreements, transactions or other arrangements with portfolio companies or other entities of portfolio investments of Affiliated Investment Accounts (for example, one of our portfolio entities may retain a company in which an Affiliated Investment Account invests to provide services or may acquire an asset from such company or vice versa). Certain of these agreements, transactions and arrangements involve fees, servicing payments, rebates and/or other benefits to Morgan Stanley or its affiliates. For example, portfolio entities may, including at the encouragement of Morgan Stanley, enter into agreements regarding group procurement and/or vendor discounts. Morgan Stanley and its affiliates may also participate in these agreements and may realize better pricing or discounts as a result of the participation of portfolio entities. To the extent permitted by applicable law, certain of these agreements may provide for commissions or similar payments and/or discounts or rebates to be paid to a portfolio entity of an Affiliated Investment Account, and such payments or discounts or rebates may also be made directly to Morgan Stanley or its affiliates. Under these arrangements, a particular portfolio company or other entity may benefit to a greater degree than the other participants, and the Morgan Stanley funds, investment vehicles and accounts (which may or may not include us) that own an interest in such entity will receive a greater relative benefit from the arrangements than the Morgan Stanley funds, investment vehicles or accounts that do not own an interest therein. Such fees and compensation received by portfolio companies of Affiliated Investment Accounts described above would not be shared with us.
Broken Deal and Other Expenses
The appropriate allocation of fees and expenses generated in connection with potential portfolio investments that are not consummated with an investment of our assets, including without limitation
out-of-pocket
fees associated with attorney fees and the fees of other professionals, will be determined based on the policies adopted by the Adviser and we are expected to bear our ratable share of such expenses.
Investments in Portfolio Investments of Other Funds
To the extent permitted by applicable law and/or the terms of the Order, when we invest in certain companies or other entities, other funds affiliated with the Adviser may have made or may be making an investment in such companies or other entities.
Other funds that have been or may be advised by the Adviser or its affiliated advisers may invest in the companies or other entities in which we have made an investment. Under such circumstances, we and such other funds may have conflicts of interest (e.g., over the terms, exit strategies and related matters, including the exercise of remedies of our respective investments). If the interests held by us are different from (or take priority over) those held by such other funds, the Adviser may be required to make a selection at the time of conflicts between the interests held by such other funds and the interests held by us.
Allocation of Expenses
Expenses may be incurred that are attributable to us and one or more other Affiliated Investment Accounts (including in connection with portfolio companies in which we, and such other Affiliated Investment Accounts have overlapping investments). The allocation of such expenses among such entities raises potential conflicts of interest. The Adviser and its affiliates intend to allocate such common expenses among us and any such other Affiliated Investment Accounts on a pro rata basis or in such other manner as may be required by applicable law.
Temporary Investments
To more efficiently invest short-term cash balances held by us, the Adviser may invest such balances on an overnight “sweep” basis in shares of one or more money market funds or other short-term vehicles. It is anticipated that the investment adviser to these money market funds or other short-term vehicles may be
 
16

affiliated with the Adviser to the extent permitted by applicable law, including Rule
12d1-1
under the 1940 Act. In such a case, the affiliated investment adviser will receive asset-based fees in respect of our investment (which will reduce the net return realized by us).
Brokerage Activities
The Adviser may, in its discretion, subject to its determination in its discretion that such transactions are on
arm’s-length
terms, and subject to applicable law, choose to execute trades with Morgan Stanley acting as agent and charging a commission to us.
Restructuring Activities
Morgan Stanley may also represent creditor or debtor companies in proceedings under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (and equivalent
non-U.S.
bankruptcy laws) or prior to these proceedings. From time to time, Morgan Stanley may serve on creditor or equity committees. These actions, for which Morgan Stanley may be compensated, may limit or preclude the flexibility that the Company may otherwise have to buy or sell securities issued by those companies, as well as certain other assets.
Other Affiliate Transactions
We may borrow money from multiple lenders, including Morgan Stanley, from time to time as permitted by applicable law. In addition, our portfolio companies also may participate as a counterparty with, or as a counterparty to, Morgan Stanley or an investment vehicle formed by it in connection with currency and interest rate hedging, derivatives (including swaps and forwards of all types), obtaining leverage and other transactions. The Adviser, which is responsible for pursuing our investment objectives, is under control of Morgan Stanley and may encounter conflicts where, for example, a decision regarding the acquisition, holding or disposition of an investment is considered attractive or advantageous for us yet poses a risk of economic loss to Morgan Stanley. If such conflicts arise, potential investors should be aware that, while the Adviser has a fiduciary duty to us, Morgan Stanley may act to protect its own interests to the extent permitted by applicable law ahead of our investment interests. Note that Morgan Stanley’s ability to serve as a lender to us or our portfolio companies or counterparty to our portfolio companies has been and is likely to be restricted by the Volcker Rule.
As of September 30, 2024, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, or MUFG, owns an approximate 23.4% interest in Morgan Stanley on a fully diluted basis. Morgan Stanley and MUFG have agreed to pursue a global strategic alliance and have identified numerous areas of collaboration, including asset management, capital markets and corporate and retail banking. While we may transact business with MUFG and its affiliates to the extent permitted by applicable law, such transactions will be on an
arm’s-length
basis.
Management of the Company
The members of the Investment Team will generally devote such time as Morgan Stanley, in its sole discretion, deems necessary to carry out our operations effectively. The members of the Investment Team may also work on projects for Morgan Stanley (including the MS BDCs and other Affiliated Investment Accounts), and conflicts of interest may arise in allocating management time, services or functions among such affiliates. Certain members of the Investment Team, including senior members thereof, are not expected to be involved in each aspect of the Company, including in evaluating and reviewing certain types of investments made by us. Morgan Stanley (including the Adviser, members of the Investment Team and members of the Investment Committee) will not be precluded from conducting activities unrelated to us.
Relationship among the Company, the Adviser and the Investment Team
To the extent permitted by applicable law, we may engage in agency transactions involving Morgan Stanley, and principal cross transactions involving certain funds advised by Morgan Stanley as counterparty, in all cases
 
17

subject to applicable law, including the 1940 Act, the Advisers Act and Dodd-Frank. These transactions may create a conflict of interest between the interests of the Adviser in assuring that we receive the best execution on all transactions and in limiting or reducing the fees paid by us, and its interest in generating profits and fees for Morgan Stanley.
The Investment Committee
The Investment Committee has principal responsibility for approving new investments and oversight over portfolio construction and management of existing investments. The Investment Committee is composed of senior members of the Investment Team and other Morgan Stanley investment professionals and executives. There is no assurance that all members of the Investment Committee will be present at every meeting of the Investment Committee, or otherwise involved in all decisions of the Investment Committee. Most of the members of the Investment Committee will be involved in business activities of Morgan Stanley other than activities with respect to the Company.
For example, the Investment Committee also serves the Adviser in its capacity as the investment adviser to the MS BDCs. Conflicts of interest may arise between Morgan Stanley or its clients, on the one hand, and us, on the other hand. Members of the Investment Committee may be affected by such conflicts of interest as a result of their other activities for Morgan Stanley. One or more members of the Investment Committee may recuse themselves from attendance at one or more meetings of the Investment Committee or from participation in certain of its activities, with a view to mitigating actual or potential conflicts of interest, even where such individual has relevant knowledge or experience with respect to the matters under consideration that would have assisted the Investment Committee in making its decisions. Also, a member of the Investment Committee may be precluded from attending, or may decide not to attend, meetings of the Investment Committee as a result of regulatory or other requirements affecting such individual. To the extent that one or more members of the Investment Committee does not participate in the meetings or activities of the Investment Committee for any reason, this may result in the Investment Committee making different decisions than those that it would have made had such member(s) participated (including, without limitation, investment decisions), which may have adverse consequences for us. Conversely, a member of the Investment Committee may, to the extent permitted by Morgan Stanley’s internal policies and applicable law, attend and participate in meetings of the Investment Committee notwithstanding that such individual is affected by conflicts of interest as contemplated in this paragraph. In such a case, the Investment Committee may reach different conclusions with respect to matters affecting us (including without limitation investment decisions) than it would have reached had such member either not been affected by such conflict of interest, or had recused himself or herself from participating in such decision, which may have adverse consequences for us. Furthermore, the Adviser may change the composition of the Investment Committee from time to time. There can be no assurance that any replacement members of the Investment Committee will be of comparable experience and seniority to current members of the Investment Committee.
Company Creditworthiness
We will be required to establish business relationships with counterparties based on our own credit standing. Morgan Stanley will not have any obligation to allow its credit to be used in connection with our establishment of our business relationships, nor is it expected that our counterparties will rely on the credit of Morgan Stanley in evaluating our creditworthiness.
Disparate Fee Arrangements with Service Providers
Certain of our advisors and other service providers, or their affiliates (including accountants, administrators, lenders, bankers, brokers, agents, attorneys, consultants and investment or commercial banking firms) and our portfolio entities also provide goods or services to or have business, personal, political, financial or other relationships with Morgan Stanley, the Adviser or their affiliates. Such advisors and other service providers may
 
18

be investors in us, former employees of Morgan Stanley, affiliates of the Adviser, sources of investment opportunities or
co-investors
or counterparties therewith. Morgan Stanley may receive discounts from such advisors and other service providers due to certain economies of scale. Notwithstanding the foregoing, investment transactions for us that require the use of a service provider will generally be allocated to service providers on the basis of best execution, the evaluation of which includes, among other considerations, such service provider’s provision of certain investment-related services and research that the Adviser believes to be of benefit to us. In certain circumstances, advisors and other service providers, or their affiliates, charge different rates or have different arrangements for services provided to Morgan Stanley, the Adviser or their affiliates as compared to services provided to us and our portfolio entities, which may result in more favorable rates or arrangements than those payable by us or such portfolio entities. In connection with the engagement of any such service provider (including accountants), it is likely that we, the Adviser and our respective affiliates will need to acknowledge that to the fullest extent permitted by law, such service provider does not represent or owe any duty to any investor or to the investors as a group in connection with such retention.
Morgan Stanley Policies and Procedures
Specified policies and procedures implemented by Morgan Stanley reasonably designed to mitigate potential conflicts of interest and address certain legal and regulatory requirements including money laundering and corruption-related requirements and reflecting the increasing relevance of environmental, social and corporate governance issues (including adoption of an environmental policy statement and a statement on human rights), contractual restrictions and/or reputation-driven concerns may limit the Adviser’s ability to pursue certain investment opportunities and reduce the synergies across Morgan Stanley’s various businesses that we expect to draw on for purposes of pursuing attractive investment opportunities. Because Morgan Stanley has many different principal, asset management and advisory businesses, it is subject to a number of actual, potential and perceived conflicts of interest, greater regulatory oversight and more legal, regulatory and contractual restrictions than those to which it would otherwise be subject if it had just one line of business. In addressing these conflicts and regulatory, legal and contractual requirements across its various businesses, Morgan Stanley has implemented certain policies and procedures (e.g., information walls) and established a global conflicts management office to review conflicts and potential conflicts between various Morgan Stanley businesses, and these may reduce the positive synergies that we expect to utilize for purposes of finding, managing and disposing of attractive investments. For example, Morgan Stanley may come into possession of material
non-public
information with respect to entities in which we may be considering making an investment. As a consequence, that information, which could be of benefit to us, might become unavailable to us; in some instances, the investment opportunities may no longer be made available to us.
Morgan Stanley has implemented a number of policies impacting us and the Adviser aimed at mitigating franchise risk, preventing money laundering and corruption, and reflecting the increasing relevance of environmental, social and corporate governance issues (including adoption of an environmental policy statement and a statement on human rights
 
19

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus, including the documents we incorporate by reference herein, contains, and any applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, including the documents we incorporate by reference therein, may contain forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. Such statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors and you should not place undue reliance on such statements. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts, but rather are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about us, our current and prospective portfolio investments, our industry, our beliefs and opinions and our assumptions. For the avoidance of doubt, we are not a subsidiary of, or consolidated with Morgan Stanley. Furthermore, Morgan Stanley has no obligation, contractual or otherwise, to financially support us. Morgan Stanley has no history of financially supporting any of MS BDCs, even during periods of financial distress. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “will,” “may,” “continue,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “targets,” “projects,” “potential,” “predicts,” and variations of these words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control and difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in the forward-looking statements, including:
 
   
our future operating results;
 
   
our business prospects and the prospects of our portfolio companies;
 
   
risk associated with possible disruptions in our operations or the economy generally, including disruptions from the impact of global health events;
 
   
uncertainty and changes in the general interest rate environment;
 
   
general economic, political and industry trends and other external factors, including uncertainty surrounding the financial and political stability of the United States and other countries;
 
   
the effect of an inflationary economic environment on our portfolio companies, our financial condition and our results of operations;
 
   
the impact of interruptions in the supply chain on our portfolio companies;
 
   
our contractual arrangements and relationships with third parties;
 
   
actual and potential conflicts of interest with the Adviser and its affiliates;
 
   
the dependence of our future success on the general economy and its effect on the industries in which we invest;
 
   
the ability of our portfolio companies to achieve their objectives;
 
   
the timing and amount of cash flows, distributions and dividends, if any, from our portfolio companies;
 
   
the use of borrowed money to finance a portion of our investments;
 
   
the adequacy of our financing sources and working capital;
 
   
the ability of our Adviser to locate suitable investments for us and to monitor and administer our investments;
 
   
the ability of our Adviser and its affiliates to attract and retain highly talented professionals;
 
   
our ability to maintain our qualification as a BDC, and as a RIC under the Code;
 
   
the impact on our business of U.S. and international financial reform legislation, rules and regulations;
 
   
currency fluctuations, particularly to the extent that we receive payments denominated in foreign currency rather than U.S. dollars, could adversely affect the results of our investments in foreign companies;
 
20

   
the effect of changes in tax laws and regulations and interpretations thereof; and
 
   
the risks, uncertainties and other factors we identify under “
Risk Factors
” and elsewhere in this prospectus.
Although we believe that the assumptions on which these forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, any of the assumptions could prove to be inaccurate, and as a result, the forward-looking statements based on those assumptions also could be inaccurate. In light of these and other uncertainties, the inclusion of a projection or forward-looking statement in this prospectus should not be regarded as a representation by us that our plans and objectives will be achieved. This discussion contains forward-looking statements, which relate to future events or our future performance or financial condition and involves numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those described or identified in the section entitled “
Risk Factors
” in this prospectus. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this prospectus. Moreover, we assume no duty and do not undertake to update the forward-looking statements. You are advised to consult any additional disclosures that we make directly to you or through reports that we have filed or in the future file with the SEC, including Annual Reports on Form
10-K,
Quarterly Reports on Form
10-Q
and Current Reports on Form
8-K.
You should understand that under Section 27A(b)(2)(B) of the Securities Act, and Section 21E(b)(2)(B) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 do not apply to forward-looking statements made in periodic reports we file under the Exchange Act.
 
21

USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement or a free writing prospectus we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, we intend to use all or substantially all of the net proceeds from the sale of our securities to invest in portfolio companies in accordance with our investment objective and strategies and for general corporate purposes. We will also pay operating expenses, including management and administrative fees, and may pay other expenses such as due diligence expenses relating to potential new investments, from the net proceeds of any offering of our securities. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds from the sale of our securities to repay indebtedness (which will be subject to reborrowing).
We anticipate that we will use substantially all of the net proceeds of an offering for the above purposes within approximately six months after the completion of any offering of our securities, depending on the availability of appropriate investment opportunities consistent with our investment objective and market conditions. We cannot assure you that we will achieve our targeted investment pace.
Until appropriate investment opportunities can be found, we may also invest the net proceeds of any offering of our securities primarily in cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, money market funds and high-quality debt investments that mature in one year or less from the date of investment. These temporary investments may have lower yields than our targeted investment types and, accordingly, may result in lower distributions, if any, during such period. Our ability to achieve our investment objective may be limited to the extent that the net proceeds from an offering, pending full investment, are held in lower yielding interest-bearing deposits or other short-term instruments. See “
Item 1. Business
Regulation as a Business Development Company
Temporary Investments
” included in our most recent Annual Report on Form
10-K,
as well as any amendments reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC, for additional information about temporary investments we may make while waiting to make longer-term investments in pursuit of our investment objective.
The supplement to this prospectus relating to an offering will more fully identify the use of the proceeds from such offering.
 
22

PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK
Our common stock began trading on January 24, 2024 and is currently traded on The New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “MSDL”. The following table sets forth: (i) the net asset value per share of our common stock as of the applicable period end, (ii) the range of high and low closing sale prices of our common stock as reported on The New York Stock Exchange during the applicable period, (iii) the closing high and low sale prices as a percentage of net asset value and (iv) the dividends and distributions per share of our common stock declared during the applicable period. Our shares of common stock have historically traded at prices both above and below our net asset value per share. It is not possible to predict whether shares of our common stock will trade at, above or below our net asset value in the future. See “Risk Factors.”
 

Period
  
NAV
(1)
 
  
Closing Sales Price
 
  
Premium

of High

Sales

Price
(2)
 
 
Premium

(Discount) of

Low Sales

Price to

NAV
(2)
 
 
Dividends

and

Distributions

Declared
(3)
 
  
High
 
  
Low
 
Fiscal year ending December 31, 2024
             
Fourth quarter (through November 21, 2024)
     *        20.63       19.56       *       *     $ 0.50  
Third quarter
   $ 20.83      $ 23.47     $ 19.33       12.7     (7.2 )%    $ 0.50  
Second quarter
   $ 20.83      $ 24.13     $ 20.87       15.8     0.2   $ 0.50  
First quarter
   $ 20.67      $ 22.53     $ 19.63       9.0     (5.0 )%    $ 0.70
(4)(5)
 
Fiscal year ending December 31, 2023
             
Fourth quarter
   $ 20.67        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.60  
Third quarter
   $ 20.57        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.60  
Second quarter
   $ 20.15        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.57  
First quarter
   $ 19.93        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.50  
Fiscal year ending December 31, 2022
             
Fourth quarter
   $ 19.81        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.50  
Third quarter
   $ 20.00        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.47  
Second quarter
   $ 20.32        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.47  
First quarter
   $ 20.82        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.48  
 
(1)
Net Asset Value, or NAV, per share is determined as of the last day in the relevant quarter and therefore may not reflect the NAV per share on the date of the high and low closing sales prices. The NAVs shown are based on outstanding shares at the end of each period.
(2)
Calculated as of the respective high or low closing sales price divided by the
quarter-end
NAV.
(3)
Represents the dividend or distribution declared in the relevant quarter.
(4)
Includes a special distribution of $0.10 per share payable on October 25, 2024 to holders of record of common stock as of August 5, 2024.
(5)
Includes a special distribution of $0.10 per share payable on January 24, 2025 to holders of record of common stock as of November 4, 2024.
*
NAV has not yet been calculated for this period.
The last reported price for our common stock on November 21, 2024 was $20.63 per share. As of November 21, 2024, we had 6,522 stockholders of record, which did not include stockholders for whom shares are held in “nominee” or “street name”.
Shares of BDCs may trade at a market price that is less than the value of the net assets attributable to those shares. The possibility that our shares of common stock will trade at a discount or premium to NAV is separate and distinct from the risk that our NAV will decrease.
 
23

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The information in “
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of
Operations
” in Part II of our most recently filed Annual Report on Form
10-K
and the information in “
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
” in Part I of our most recently filed Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q
is incorporated by reference herein.
 
24

BUSINESS
The information in “
Item 1. Business
” in Part I of our most recently filed Annual Report on Form
10-K
is incorporated by reference herein.
 
25

REGULATION
We are subject to regulation as described in “
Item 1. Business—Regulation as a Business Development Company
” in Part I of our most recently filed Annual Report on Form
10-K,
which is incorporated by reference herein.
 
26

MANAGEMENT
The information in the sections entitled (1) “
Proposal No. 1—Election of Directors
” and “
Corporate Governance
,” in our most recent Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, and (2) “
Item 1. Business
” in Part I of our most recently filed Annual Report on Form
10-K,
is incorporated by reference herein.
 
27

SENIOR SECURITIES
Information about our senior securities is shown as of the dates indicated in the below table which is derived from our consolidated financial statements and related notes. Information about our senior securities should be read in conjunction with our audited and unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and the section titled “
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
” included in our most recent Annual Report on Form
10-K
and Quarterly Reports on Form
10-Q,
as well as any amendments reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC.
 
Class and Period
 
Total Amount
Outstanding Exclusive of
Treasury Securities
(1)
   
Asset Coverage
per Unit
(2)
   
Liquidating
Preference
per Unit
(3)
   
Average
Market Value
per Unit
 
   
($in thousands)
   
($in thousands)
             
2025 Notes
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $ 275,000       2,000          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2023
  $ 275,000       2,146          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2022
  $ 275,000       1,912          
 
N/A
(4)
 
2027 Notes
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $ 425,000       2,000          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2023
  $ 425,000       2,146          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2022
  $ 425,000       1,912          
 
N/A
(4)
 
2029 Notes
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $ 350,000       2,000          
 
N/A
(4)
 
Truist Credit Facility
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $ 545,987       2,000          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2023
  $ 520,263       2,146          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2022
  $ 432,254       1,912          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2021
  $ 476,000       1,951          
 
N/A
(4)
 
BNP Funding Facility
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $ 246,000       2,000          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2023
  $ 282,000       2,146          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2022
  $ 400,000       1,912          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2021
  $ 463,500       1,951          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2020
  $ 0                
 
N/A
(4)
 
CIBC Subscription Facility
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $                
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2023
  $                
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2022
  $                
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2021
  $ 310,350       1,951          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2020
  $ 333,850       1,903          
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2019
  $ 0                
 
N/A
(4)
 
 
(1)
Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period presented.
(2)
Asset coverage per unit is the ratio of the carrying value of our total assets, less all liabilities excluding indebtedness represented by senior securities in this table, to the aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness. Asset coverage per unit is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per $1,000 of indebtedness and is calculated on a consolidated basis.
(3)
The amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior to it. The “—” in this column indicates information that the SEC expressly does not require to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities.
(4)
Not applicable because the senior securities are not registered for public trading on a stock exchange.
 
28

MANAGEMENT AGREEMENTS
The Investment Advisory Agreement was most recently approved on August 6, 2024 by the Board, including a majority of the Independent Directors, for an additional
one-year
term. Please refer to “
Investment Advisory Agreement,
” “
Administration Agreement,
” “
The Adviser
” and “
The Administrator
” under “
Item 1. Business
” in Part I of our most recently filed Annual Report on Form
10-K
and “
Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions
” in our most recent Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, which are incorporated by reference herein, for additional information regarding the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Administration Agreement.
Board Approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement
Our Investment Advisory Agreement was entered into on January 24, 2024, and was most recently
re-approved
in August 2024.
In reaching a decision to approve the Investment Advisory Agreement, our Board considered (1) various materials and information regarding the nature, extent and quality of the services to be provided by the Adviser, (2) our updated performance and such performance compared to a group of our peers, (3) the proposed fees to be charged to us under the Investment Advisory Agreement and such fees as compared to other comparable funds advised by the Adviser and as compared to a group of our peers, (4) estimated profitability of the Adviser under the Investment Advisory Agreement, (5) the extent to which economies of scale could be realized by us in the future and (6) other benefits (in addition to advisory fee revenues) derived or potentially derived by the Adviser from its relationship with us. The specific information reviewed and considered by our Board included, without limitation, information about:
 
 
 
the Adviser’s general qualifications to serve as our investment adviser, including its history, organization, ownership structure, operations and financial position;
 
 
 
key personnel of the Adviser and their qualifications, abilities, education, experience and professional accomplishments, the compensation structure of the portfolio managers and the ability of the Adviser to attract and retain high-caliber professionals;
 
 
 
the Adviser’s advisory experience and the performance of affiliated fund products;
 
 
 
the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement as well as information on all fees to be paid by us in connection with our advisory arrangements, including
“fall-out”
and indirect benefits expected potentially to be derived by the Adviser and/or affiliates in connection with the advisory arrangements, profitability to the Adviser of the advisory relationship, the potential for economies of scale, management and other fees associated with the advisory arrangements in comparison to comparable funds’ management and other fees;
 
 
 
compliance and related matters, including the Adviser’s compliance policies and procedures, responses to regulatory developments and risk monitoring and management, including management of cybersecurity risk; and
 
 
 
legal matters, including any relevant litigation, investigation or examinations, potential conflicts of interest and insurance arrangements.
In addition to evaluating, among other things, the written information provided by the Adviser, our Board considered the answers to questions posed by the Board to representatives of the Adviser. All of our Independent Directors met separately in executive session with their independent legal counsel to review and consider the information provided regarding the Investment Advisory Agreement.
Based on their review, our Independent Directors and the Board concluded that it was in the best interests of the Company to approve the Investment Advisory Agreement. In its deliberations, our Board did not identify any single factor or group of factors
as all-important or
controlling, but considered all factors together.
 
29

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The information contained under the caption “
Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions
” in our most recent Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A and under the caption “
Note 3—Related Party Transactions
” in the Notes to our Audited Consolidated Financial Statements in our most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K and “
Note 3
Significant Agreements and Related Party Transactions
” in the Notes to our Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements in our most recently filed Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q
is incorporated by reference herein.
 
30

CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. These rules generally provide that a person is the beneficial owner of securities if such person has or shares the power to vote or direct the voting thereof, or to dispose or direct the disposition thereof or has the right to acquire such powers within 60 days.
The following table sets forth, as of November 21, 2024, information with respect to the beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock by:
 
 
 
each person known to us to beneficially own more than 5.0% of the outstanding shares of our common stock;
 
 
 
each of our directors and executive officers; and
 
 
 
all of our directors and executive officers as a group.
Ownership information for those persons who beneficially own more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock is based on Schedule 13G or other filings by such persons with the SEC and other information obtained from such persons.
The percentage ownership is based on 88,578,468 shares of common stock outstanding as of November 21, 2024. To our knowledge, except as indicated in the footnotes to the table, each of the stockholders listed below has sole voting and/or investment power with respect to shares beneficially owned by such stockholder. Unless otherwise indicated by footnote, the address for each listed individual is c/o Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, 1585 Broadway New York, NY 10036.
Our directors are divided into two groups—interested directors and Independent Directors. Interested directors are “interested persons” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act, and Independent Directors are all other directors.
 
Name of Individual or Identity of Group
  
Number of
Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
(1)
 
  
Percent of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
(1)
 
 
Dollar Range of
Equity Securities
Beneficially
Owned
(2)(3)
 
  
Aggregate Dollar

Range of Equity

Securities
Beneficially

Owned in the

Fund Complex
(2)(4)(5)
 
Directors and Executive Officers:
  
  
 
Interested Directors
  
  
 
  
David N. Miller
(6)
  
 
12,168
 
  
 
*
 
 
 
Over $100,000
 
  
 
Over $100,000
 
Jeffrey S. Levin
  
 
48,599
 
  
 
*
 
 
 
Over $100,000
 
  
 
Over $100,000
 
Independent Directors
  
  
 
  
Joan Binstock
(7)
  
 
32,666
 
  
 
*
 
 
 
Over $100,000
 
  
 
Over $100,000
 
Bruce D. Frank
(8)
  
 
3,695
 
  
 
*
 
 
 
$50,001 - $100,000
 
  
 
Over $100,000
 
Kevin Shannon
  
 
24,079
 
  
 
*
 
 
 
Over $100,000
 
  
 
Over $100,000
 
Adam Metz
(9)
  
 
48,505
 
  
 
*
 
 
 
Over $100,000
 
  
 
Over $100,000
 
Executive Officers Who Are Not Directors
  
  
 
  
Orit Mizrachi
  
 
4,867
 
  
 
*
 
 
 
Over $100,000
 
  
 
Over $100,000
 
Michael Occi
  
 
7,500
 
  
 
*
 
 
 
Over $100,000
 
  
 
Over $100,000
 
David Pessah
  
 
2,000
 
  
 
*
 
 
 
$10,001 - $50,000
 
  
 
$10,001 - $50,000
 
Gauranga Pal
  
 
— 
 
  
 
— 
 
 
 
None
 
  
 
None
 
Jonathan Frohlinger
  
 
— 
 
  
 
— 
 
 
 
None
 
  
 
None
 
All Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (eleven persons)
  
 
184,079
 
  
 
*
 
 
 
Over $100,000
 
  
 
Over $100,000
 
Beneficial Ownership of 5% or More:
  
  
 
  
MS Credit Partners Holdings Inc.
(10)
  
 
9,727,311
 
  
 
11.0
 
 
Over $100,000
 
  
 
Over $100,000
 
 
31

*
Represents less than 1.0% of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock.
(1)
Beneficial ownership has been determined in accordance with Rule
13d-3
under the Exchange Act. Assumes no other purchases or sales of our common stock since the most recently available SEC filings. This assumption has been made under the rules and regulations of the SEC and does not reflect any knowledge that we have with regard to the present intent of the beneficial owners of our common stock listed in this table.
(2)
The dollar ranges used in the above table are: None, $1—$10,000, $10,001—$50,000, $50,001—$100,000, or over $100,000.
(3)
The dollar ranges for the Company were determined using the number of shares beneficially owned as of November 21, 2024 multiplied by the closing sales price of the Company’s common stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE, on November 21, 2024.
(4)
The “Fund Complex” consists of the Company, T Series Middle Market Loan Fund LLC, or T Series, North Haven Private Income Fund LLC, or PIF, North Haven Private Income Fund A LLC, or PIF A, LGAM Private Credit LLC, or LGAM, and SL Investment Fund II LLC, or SLIF II, each a MS BDC that has the same investment adviser as the Company.
(5)
The dollar ranges for PIF were determined using the number of units that were beneficially owned as of September 30, 2024, multiplied by $19.00 per unit, which was the net asset value per unit as of September 30, 2024. The dollar ranges for SLIF II were determined using the number of units that were beneficially owned as of September 30, 2024, multiplied by $19.97 per unit, which was the net asset value per unit as of September 30, 2024. No shares of common stock of T Series, PIF A or LGAM were beneficially owned by any Director or Director nominee as of September 30, 2024.
(6)
Mr. Miller is the owner of the MSSB C/F David Nathan Miller IRA, which owns the reported securities.
(7)
Ms. Binstock is the grantor and trustee of the Joan A Binstock Revocable Trust, which owns the reported securities. Ms. Binstock disclaims beneficial ownership of shares of common stock held by the Joan A Binstock Revocable Trust, except to the extent of her pecuniary interest therein.
(8)
Mr. Frank is the owner of the MSSB C/F Bruce Frank IRA, which owns the reported securities.
(9)
Mr. Metz is the settlor and trustee of the Adam Metz 2006 Trust, which owns the reported securities. Mr. Metz disclaims beneficial ownership of shares of common stock held by the Adam Metz 2006 Trust, except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein.
(10)
MS Credit Partners Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation, is a wholly owned subsidiary of MS Holdings Incorporated, a Delaware corporation, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley, a Delaware corporation. The address of each of MS Credit Partners Holdings Inc., MS Holdings Incorporated, and Morgan Stanley is 1585 Broadway, New York, NY 10036. Morgan Stanley has no obligation, contractual or otherwise, to financially support the Company. Morgan Stanley has no history of financially supporting any of the MS BDCs, even during periods of financial distress.
 
32

PORTFOLIO COMPANIES
The following table sets forth certain information as of September 30, 2024 for each portfolio company in which the Company had an investment. Percentages shown for class of securities held by the Company represent percentage of the class owned and do not necessarily represent voting ownership or economic ownership. Other than these investments, the Company’s only formal relationships with its portfolio companies are the significant managerial assistance that the Company may provide upon request.
The Board of Directors approved the valuation of the Company’s investment portfolio, as of September 30, 2024, at fair value as determined in good faith using a consistently applied valuation process in accordance with the Company’s documented valuation policy that has been reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors, who also approve in good faith the valuation of such securities as of the end of each quarter. For more information relating to the Company’s investments, see the Company’s financial statements included in this prospectus.
 
Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Jonathan Acquisition Company
  Irvine Technology Center, 250 Commerce Suite 100, Irvine, CA 92602   Aerospace & Defense   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.70     12/22/2026         3,398       3,349       3,380  
Mantech International CP
  2251 Corporate Park Drive Herndon, VA 20171   Aerospace & Defense   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.25     9/14/2029         4,204       4,200       4,204  
Mantech International CP
  2251 Corporate Park Drive Herndon, VA 20171   Aerospace & Defense   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.25     9/14/2029         —        (1     —   
Mantech International CP
  2251 Corporate Park Drive Herndon, VA 20171   Aerospace & Defense   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.25     9/14/2028         —        (1     —   
PCX Holding Corp.
  300 Fenn Rd, Newington, CT 06111   Aerospace & Defense   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.00     4/22/2027         17,908       17,820       16,629  
PCX Holding Corp.
  300 Fenn Rd, Newington, CT 06111   Aerospace & Defense   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.00     4/22/2027         18,032       17,846       16,745  
PCX Holding Corp.
  300 Fenn Rd, Newington, CT 06111   Aerospace & Defense   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.00     4/22/2027         1,851       1,843       1,719  
Two Six Labs, LLC
  901 N Stuart St, Arlington, VA 22203   Aerospace & Defense   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.86     8/20/2027         34,454       33,988       34,226  
Two Six Labs, LLC
  901 N Stuart St, Arlington, VA 22203   Aerospace & Defense   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.86     8/20/2027         4,215       4,150       4,140  
Two Six Labs, LLC
  901 N Stuart St, Arlington, VA 22203   Aerospace & Defense   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.86     8/20/2027         —        (21     (25
AGI-CFI
Holdings, Inc.
  9130 S Dadeland Blvd Datran 2 Suite 1801, Miami FL 33156   Air Freight & Logistics   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.52     6/11/2027         14,154       13,981       14,154  
RoadOne IntermodaLogistics
  1 Kellaway Drive Randolph, MA 02368   Air Freight & Logistics   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.10     12/29/2028         1,643       1,605       1,607  
RoadOne IntermodaLogistics
  1 Kellaway Drive Randolph, MA 02368   Air Freight & Logistics   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.10     12/29/2028         151       147       147  
RoadOne IntermodaLogistics
  1 Kellaway Drive Randolph, MA 02368   Air Freight & Logistics   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.10     12/29/2028         20       13       13  
Continental Battery Company
  Corporate Headquarters, 8585 N Stemmons Frwy., Floor 6, Dallas, TX 75247   Automobile Components   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00% (incl. 4.08% PIK)     11.75     1/20/2027         6,406       6,342       4,783  
Randy’s Holdings, Inc.
  10411 Airport Road, Suite 200 Everett, WA 98204   Automobile Components   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.56     11/1/2028         6,625       6,476       6,620  
Randy’s Holdings, Inc.
  10411 Airport Road, Suite 200 Everett, WA 98204   Automobile Components   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.56     11/1/2028         666       634       664  
Randy’s Holdings, Inc.
  10411 Airport Road, Suite 200 Everett, WA 98204   Automobile Components   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.56     11/1/2028         208       190       207  
Sonny’s Enterprises, LLC
  5605 Hiatus Road Tamarac, FL 33321   Automobile Components   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.53     8/5/2028         45,665       45,189       45,382  
Sonny’s Enterprises, LLC
  5605 Hiatus Road Tamarac, FL 33321   Automobile Components   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.53     8/5/2028         113       103       104  
Spectrum Automotive Holdings Corp.
  302 Bridges Rd Suite 240, Fairfield, NJ 07004   Automobile Components   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     6/29/2028         23,230       23,017       22,951  
Spectrum Automotive Holdings Corp.
  302 Bridges Rd Suite 240, Fairfield, NJ 07004   Automobile Components   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     6/29/2028         6,427       6,299       6,236  
Spectrum Automotive Holdings Corp.
  302 Bridges Rd Suite 240, Fairfield, NJ 07004   Automobile Components   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     6/29/2027         —        (6     (11
ARI Network Services, Inc.
  26600 SW Parkway Avenue, Suite 400, Wilsonville, OR 97070   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     8/28/2026         20,666       20,492       20,575  
ARI Network Services, Inc.
  26600 SW Parkway Avenue, Suite 400, Wilsonville, OR 97070   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     8/28/2026         3,566       3,536       3,550  
ARI Network Services, Inc.
  26600 SW Parkway Avenue, Suite 400, Wilsonville, OR 97070   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     8/28/2026         1,380       1,372       1,366  
 
33

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
COP Collisionright Parent, LLC
  6767 Longshore St 4th Floor, Dublin, OH 43017   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.75     1/29/2030         6,380       6,263       6,286  
COP Collisionright Parent, LLC
  6767 Longshore St 4th Floor, Dublin, OH 43017   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.75     1/29/2030         1,165       1,121       1,111  
COP Collisionright Parent, LLC
  6767 Longshore St 4th Floor, Dublin, OH 43017   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.75     1/29/2030         154       136       139  
Drivecentric Holdings, LLC
  12900 Maurer Industrial Drive, Saint Louis, MO 63127, United States   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.87     8/15/2031         26,470       26,209       26,209  
Drivecentric Holdings, LLC
  12900 Maurer Industrial Drive, Saint Louis, MO 63127, United States   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.87     8/15/2031         —        (35     (35
LeadVenture, Inc.
  26600 SW Parkway Avenue, Suite 400, Wilsonville, OR 97070   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     8/28/2026         368       360       360  
Turbo Buyer, Inc.
  25541 Commercentre Drive, Suite 100, Lake Forest CA 92630   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.75     12/2/2025         37,267       37,045       35,641  
Turbo Buyer, Inc.
  25541 Commercentre Drive, Suite 100, Lake Forest CA 92630   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.75     12/2/2025         37,450       37,180       35,816  
Vehlo Purchaser, LLC
  2035 Lakeside Centre Way Suite 200 Knoxville, TN 37922   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.49     5/24/2028         2,936       2,909       2,911  
Vehlo Purchaser, LLC
  2035 Lakeside Centre Way Suite 200 Knoxville, TN 37922   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.49     5/24/2028         713       626       587  
Vehlo Purchaser, LLC
  2035 Lakeside Centre Way Suite 200 Knoxville, TN 37922   Automobiles   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.49     5/24/2028         14       13       13  
GraphPad Software, LLC
  2365 Northside Dr., Suite 560, San Diego, CA 92108   Biotechnology   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     6/30/2031         26,891       26,761       26,892  
GraphPad Software, LLC
  2365 Northside Dr., Suite 560, San Diego, CA 92108   Biotechnology   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     6/30/2031         798       760       798  
GraphPad Software, LLC
  2365 Northside Dr., Suite 560, San Diego, CA 92108   Biotechnology   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     6/30/2031         —        (14     —   
Project Potter Buyer, LLC
  6750 Crosby Court Dublin, OH 43016   Building Products   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.60     4/23/2027         13,653       13,653       13,653  
Project Potter Buyer, LLC
  6750 Crosby Court Dublin, OH 43016   Building Products   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.60     4/23/2026         —        —        —   
Tank Holding Corp.
  4365 Steiner Street, St. Bonifacius, MN, 55375   Chemicals   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.52     3/31/2028         15,594       15,373       15,297  
Tank Holding Corp.
  4365 Steiner Street, St. Bonifacius, MN, 55375   Chemicals   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.52     3/31/2028         332       322       324  
Tank Holding Corp.
  4365 Steiner Street, St. Bonifacius, MN, 55375   Chemicals   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.52     3/31/2028         567       557       551  
V Global Holdings, LLC
  201 North Illinois Street, Suite 1800, Indianapolis, IN 46204   Chemicals   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.96     12/22/2027         4,817       4,755       4,505  
V Global Holdings, LLC
  201 North Illinois Street, Suite 1800, Indianapolis, IN 46204   Chemicals   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.96     12/22/2025         513       508       469  
365 Retail Markets, LLC
  1743 Maplelawn Drive, Troy, MI, Oakland County   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     10.23     12/23/2026         16,973       16,834       16,972  
365 Retail Markets, LLC
  1743 Maplelawn Drive, Troy, MI, Oakland County   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     10.23     12/23/2026         5,446       5,412       5,445  
Apryse Software Corp.
 
500-838
West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
  Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.25     7/15/2027         39,455       39,077       39,313  
Atlas Us Finco, Inc.
  Level 4 Tower One 100 Barangaroo Ave, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     11.03     12/9/2029         8,993       8,818       8,993  
Atlas Us Finco, Inc.
  Level 4 Tower One 100 Barangaroo Ave, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     11.03     12/9/2028         —        (4     —   
BPG Holdings IV Corp.
  975 Spaulding Ave, Suite C, Ada, MI 49301   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.60     7/29/2029         11,559       10,956       10,574  
Consor Intermediate II, LLC
  6505 Blue Lagoon Drive, Suite 470, Miami, FL 33126   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     5/12/2031         5,034       4,986       4,991  
Consor Intermediate II, LLC
  6505 Blue Lagoon Drive, Suite 470, Miami, FL 33126   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     5/12/2031         —        (22     (39
Consor Intermediate II, LLC
  6505 Blue Lagoon Drive, Suite 470, Miami, FL 33126   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     5/12/2031         —        (12     (10
CRCI Longhorn Holdings, Inc.
  6504 Bridge Point Parkway, Suite 425, Austin, TX 78730   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     8/27/2031         9,882       9,784       9,784  
CRCI Longhorn Holdings, Inc.
  6504 Bridge Point Parkway, Suite 425, Austin, TX 78730   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     8/27/2031         —        (12     (12
CRCI Longhorn Holdings, Inc.
  6504 Bridge Point Parkway, Suite 425, Austin, TX 78730   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     8/27/2031         824       807       807  
Encore Holdings, LLC
  70 Bacon Street, Pawtucket, RI 02860   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.20     11/23/2028         1,817       1,796       1,803  
Encore Holdings, LLC
  70 Bacon Street, Pawtucket, RI 02860   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.20     11/23/2028         10,383       10,214       10,216  
 
34

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Encore Holdings, LLC
  70 Bacon Street, Pawtucket, RI 02860   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.00%     12.00     11/23/2027         —        (5     (4
Energy Labs Holdings Corp.
  8850 Interchange Drive Houston, TX 77054   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.95     4/7/2028         468       463       461  
Energy Labs Holdings Corp.
  8850 Interchange Drive Houston, TX 77054   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.95     4/7/2028         36       32       29  
Energy Labs Holdings Corp.
  8850 Interchange Drive Houston, TX 77054   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.95     4/7/2028         —        (3     (3
FLS Holding, Inc.
  171 17th St. NW, Suite 1050, Atlanta, GA 30363   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.31     12/15/2028         18,881       18,626       17,378  
FLS Holding, Inc.
  171 17th St. NW, Suite 1050, Atlanta, GA 30363   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.31     12/15/2028         4,427       4,365       4,075  
FLS Holding, Inc.
  171 17th St. NW, Suite 1050, Atlanta, GA 30363   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.31     12/17/2027         901       882       758  
Ground Penetrating Radar Systems, LLC
  5217 Monroe St. Suite A Toledo, OH 43623   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.83     4/2/2031         20,512       20,219       20,337  
Ground Penetrating Radar Systems, LLC
  5217 Monroe St. Suite A Toledo, OH 43623   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.83     4/2/2031         —        (54     (66
Ground Penetrating Radar Systems, LLC
  5217 Monroe St. Suite A Toledo, OH 43623   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     12.75     4/2/2031         391       354       369  
Helios Service Partners, LLC
  920 Broadway, Floor 8, New York, NY   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     10.87     3/19/2027         6,807       6,683       6,799  
Helios Service Partners, LLC
  920 Broadway, Floor 8, New York, NY   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     10.87     3/19/2027         10,449       10,199       10,401  
Helios Service Partners, LLC
  920 Broadway, Floor 8, New York, NY   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     10.87     3/19/2027         258       236       256  
Hercules Borrower, LLC
  412 Georgia Avenue #300, Chattanooga, TN 37403   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.95     12/15/2026         479       456       451  
HSI Halo Acquisition, Inc.
  6136 Frisco Square Boulevard, Suite 285, Frisco, TX 75034   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     6/30/2031         13,587       13,455       13,587  
HSI Halo Acquisition, Inc.
  6136 Frisco Square Boulevard, Suite 285, Frisco, TX 75034   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     6/30/2031         563       547       563  
HSI Halo Acquisition, Inc.
  6136 Frisco Square Boulevard, Suite 285, Frisco, TX 75034   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     6/28/2030         —        (21     —   
Iris Buyer, LLC
  1501 Yamato Road, Boca Raton, Florida 33431   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.50     10/2/2030         6,955       6,783       6,902  
Iris Buyer, LLC
  1501 Yamato Road, Boca Raton, Florida 33431   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.50     10/2/2030         656       636       648  
Iris Buyer, LLC
  1501 Yamato Road, Boca Raton, Florida 33431   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.50     10/2/2029         —        (23     (8
PDFTron Systems, Inc.
 
500-838
West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
  Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.25     7/15/2026         5,133       5,078       5,106  
Procure Acquireco, Inc. (Procure Analytics)
  3101 Towercreek, Parkway, Suite 500 Atlanta, GA, Cobb County   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.99     12/20/2028         3,859       3,807       3,859  
Procure Acquireco, Inc. (Procure Analytics)
  3101 Towercreek, Parkway, Suite 500 Atlanta, GA, Cobb County   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.99     12/20/2028         191       188       191  
Procure Acquireco, Inc. (Procure Analytics)
  3101 Towercreek, Parkway, Suite 500 Atlanta, GA, Cobb County   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.99     12/20/2028         —        (3     —   
Pye-Barker
Fire & Safety, LLC
  2500 Northwinds Parkway, Suite 200, Alpharetta, GA 30009   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.10     5/26/2031         26,325       26,325       26,325  
Pye-Barker
Fire & Safety, LLC
  2500 Northwinds Parkway, Suite 200, Alpharetta, GA 30009   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.10     5/26/2031         635       581       635  
Pye-Barker
Fire & Safety, LLC
  2500 Northwinds Parkway, Suite 200, Alpharetta, GA 30009   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.10     5/24/2030         456       421       456  
Routeware, Inc.
  16525 SW 72nd Ave, Portland, OR 97224   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.11     9/18/2031         3,182       3,150       3,150  
Routeware, Inc.
  16525 SW 72nd Ave, Portland, OR 97224   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.11     9/18/2031         —        (7     (7
Routeware, Inc.
  16525 SW 72nd Ave, Portland, OR 97224   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.11     9/18/2031         —        (3     (3
Sherlock Buyer Corp.
  5000 Corporate Court, Suite 203, Holtsville, New York 11742   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.45     12/8/2028         10,866       10,719       10,866  
Sherlock Buyer Corp.
  5000 Corporate Court, Suite 203, Holtsville, New York 11742   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.45     12/8/2027         —        (14     —   
Surewerx Purchaser III, Inc.
  49 Schooner Street, Coquitlam, BC V3K 0B3   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     12/28/2029         5,406       5,273       5,385  
Surewerx Purchaser III, Inc.
  49 Schooner Street, Coquitlam, BC V3K 0B3   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%    
9.85
    12/28/2029         CAD256       186       189  
Surewerx Purchaser III, Inc.
  49 Schooner Street, Coquitlam, BC V3K 0B3   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     12/28/2029         —        (17     (4
Surewerx Purchaser III, Inc.
  49 Schooner Street, Coquitlam, BC V3K 0B3   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     12/28/2028         648       625       644  
Sweep Purchaser, LLC
  4141 Rockside Road, Suite 100, Cleveland, OH 44131   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75% PIK     10.80     6/30/2027         5,985       5,985       5,985  
 
35

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Sweep Purchaser, LLC
  4141 Rockside Road, Suite 100, Cleveland, OH 44131   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.80     6/30/2027         3,171       3,171       3,171  
Sweep Purchaser, LLC
  4141 Rockside Road, Suite 100, Cleveland, OH 44131   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.80     6/30/2027         —        —        —   
Tamarack Intermediate, LLC
  3207 Grey Hawk Court, Carlsbad, CA 92010   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.83     3/13/2028         7,037       6,951       7,036  
Tamarack Intermediate, LLC
  3207 Grey Hawk Court, Carlsbad, CA 92010   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.83     3/13/2028         597       584       597  
Tamarack Intermediate, LLC
  3207 Grey Hawk Court, Carlsbad, CA 92010   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.83     3/13/2028         —        (10     —   
Transit Technologies, LLC
  2035 Lakeside Centre Way, Suite 190, Knoxville TN 37922   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.71     8/20/2031         7,955       7,876       7,876  
Transit Technologies, LLC
  2035 Lakeside Centre Way, Suite 190, Knoxville TN 37922   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.71     8/20/2031         —        (14     (14
Transit Technologies, LLC
  2035 Lakeside Centre Way, Suite 190, Knoxville TN 37922   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.71     8/20/2030         —        (17     (17
United Flow Technologies Intermediate Holdco II, LLC
  1271 Avenue of the Americas, 22nd Floor, New York, New York 10020   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     6/23/2031         8,910       8,780       8,910  
United Flow Technologies Intermediate Holdco II, LLC
  1271 Avenue of the Americas, 22nd Floor, New York, New York 10020   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     6/23/2031         50       13       50  
United Flow Technologies Intermediate Holdco II, LLC
  1271 Avenue of the Americas, 22nd Floor, New York, New York 10020   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     6/21/2030         —        (14     —   
US Infra Svcs Buyer, LLC
  9304 East Verde Grove View Scottsdale, AZ 85255   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 7.25% (incl. 0.50% PIK)     12.79     4/13/2027         13,673       13,559       12,373  
US Infra Svcs Buyer, LLC
  9304 East Verde Grove View Scottsdale, AZ 85255   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 7.25% (incl. 0.50% PIK)     12.79     4/13/2027         1,930       1,919       1,746  
US Infra Svcs Buyer, LLC
  9304 East Verde Grove View Scottsdale, AZ 85255   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 7.25% (incl. 0.50% PIK)     12.79     4/13/2027         1,350       1,339       1,136  
Vensure Employer Services, Inc.
  1475 South Price Road, Chandler, AZ, 85286-6175   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.64     9/29/2031         7,789       7,711       7,711  
Vensure Employer Services, Inc.
  1475 South Price Road, Chandler, AZ, 85286-6175   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.64     9/29/2031         —        (11     (11
VRC Companies, LLC
  5400 Meltech Boulevard, Suite 114,, Memphis, TN, Shelby County   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.88     6/29/2027         72,443       71,857       72,443  
VRC Companies, LLC
  5400 Meltech Boulevard, Suite 114,, Memphis, TN, Shelby County   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.88     6/29/2027         403       397       403  
VRC Companies, LLC
  5400 Meltech Boulevard, Suite 114,, Memphis, TN, Shelby County   Commercial Services & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.88     6/29/2027         —        (11     —   
Arcoro Holdings Corp.
  9362 East Raintree Drive, Scottsdale, AZ 85260   Construction & Engineering   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.10     3/28/2030         13,011       12,767       12,879  
Arcoro Holdings Corp.
  9362 East Raintree Drive, Scottsdale, AZ 85260   Construction & Engineering   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.10     3/28/2030         —        (36     (20
KPSKY Acquisition, Inc.
  9767 East Nicholas Avenue, Suite 180, Centennial, CO 80112   Construction & Engineering   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.85     10/19/2028         33,604       33,166       29,700  
KPSKY Acquisition, Inc.
  9767 East Nicholas Avenue, Suite 180, Centennial, CO 80112   Construction & Engineering   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.85     10/19/2028         7,695       7,587       6,801  
LJ Avalon Holdings, LLC
  324 Nicholas Parkway West Unit A, Cape Coral, FL   Construction & Engineering   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.48     2/1/2030         4,100       3,998       4,100  
LJ Avalon Holdings, LLC
  324 Nicholas Parkway West Unit A, Cape Coral, FL   Construction & Engineering   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.48     2/1/2030         1,678       1,629       1,678  
LJ Avalon Holdings, LLC
  324 Nicholas Parkway West Unit A, Cape Coral, FL   Construction & Engineering   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.48     2/1/2029         —        (15     —   
Superman Holdings, LLC
  17800 Royalton Road, Strongsville, OH 44136   Construction & Engineering   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.56     8/29/2031         20,048       19,948       19,948  
Superman Holdings, LLC
  17800 Royalton Road, Strongsville, OH 44136   Construction & Engineering   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.56     8/29/2031         —        (16     (16
Superman Holdings, LLC
  17800 Royalton Road, Strongsville, OH 44136   Construction & Engineering   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.56     8/29/2031         —        (14     (14
PDI TA Holdings, Inc.
  11675 Rainwater Dr., Suite 350, Alpharetta, GA 30009   Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.46     2/3/2031         22,452       22,254       22,452  
PDI TA Holdings, Inc.
  11675 Rainwater Dr., Suite 350, Alpharetta, GA 30009   Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.46     2/3/2031         —        (35     —   
PDI TA Holdings, Inc.
  11675 Rainwater Dr., Suite 350, Alpharetta, GA 30009   Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.46     2/3/2031         —        (21     —   
BP Purchaser, LLC
  B O X Partners, LLC, 2650 Galvin Drive, Elgin, IL 60124   Containers & Packaging   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.69     12/11/2028         17,030       16,800       15,792  
FORTIS Solutions Group, LLC
  2505 Hawkeye Court, Virginia Beach, VA 23452   Containers & Packaging   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.20     10/13/2028         26,745       26,397       26,745  
 
36

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
FORTIS Solutions Group, LLC
  2505 Hawkeye Court, Virginia Beach, VA 23452   Containers & Packaging   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.20     10/13/2028         98       93       98  
FORTIS Solutions Group, LLC
  2505 Hawkeye Court, Virginia Beach, VA 23452   Containers & Packaging   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.20     10/15/2027         720       692       720  
48Forty Solutions, LLC
  3650 Mansell Road, Suite 100, Alpharetta, GA 30022   Distributors   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.30     11/30/2026         17,587       17,382       15,476  
48Forty Solutions, LLC
  3650 Mansell Road, Suite 100, Alpharetta, GA 30022   Distributors   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.30     11/30/2026         2,253       2,228       1,927  
ABB Concise Optical Group, LLC
  12301 NW 39th Street, Coral Springs, FL 33065   Distributors   First Lien Debt   S + 7.50%     12.31     2/23/2028         17,008       16,732       15,254  
Avalara, Inc.
  255 S. King Street, Suite 1800, Seattle, WA 98104   Distributors   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     10.85     10/19/2028         10,402       10,215       10,402  
Avalara, Inc.
  255 S. King Street, Suite 1800, Seattle, WA 98104   Distributors   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     10.85     10/19/2028         —        (17     —   
Bradyifs Holdings, LLC
  5496 Lindbergh Lane, Bell, CA 90201   Distributors   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.25     10/31/2029         7,388       7,257       7,388  
Bradyifs Holdings, LLC
  5496 Lindbergh Lane, Bell, CA 90201   Distributors   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.25     10/31/2029         583       570       583  
PT Intermediate Holdings III, LLC
  1200 N Greenbriar Dr Ste A, Addison, IL   Distributors   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00% (incl. 1.75% PIK)     9.60     4/9/2030         41,409       41,040       41,339  
PT Intermediate Holdings III, LLC
  1200 N Greenbriar Dr Ste A, Addison, IL   Distributors   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00% (incl. 1.75% PIK)     9.60     4/9/2030         —        (4     (5
Any Hour, LLC
  1374 130 S, Orem, Utah 84058   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     5/23/2030         23,664       23,325       23,293  
Any Hour, LLC
  1374 130 S, Orem, Utah 84058   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     5/23/2030         670       616       561  
Any Hour, LLC
  1374 130 S, Orem, Utah 84058   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     5/23/2030         1,108       1,059       1,054  
Apex Service Partners, LLC
  201 E Kennedy Blvd Ste 1600, Tampa, Florida, 33602, United States   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00% (incl. 2.00% PIK)     11.69     10/24/2030         37,008       36,413       36,838  
Apex Service Partners, LLC
  201 E Kennedy Blvd Ste 1600, Tampa, Florida, 33602, United States   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00% (incl. 2.00% PIK)     11.69     10/24/2030         8,811       8,650       8,770  
Apex Service Partners, LLC
  201 E Kennedy Blvd Ste 1600, Tampa, Florida, 33602, United States   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00% (incl. 2.00% PIK)     11.69     10/24/2029         1,592       1,547       1,578  
Assembly Intermediate, LLC
  9696 Culver Boulevard, Culver City, CA 90232   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     10/19/2027         20,741       20,501       20,741  
Assembly Intermediate, LLC
  9696 Culver Boulevard, Culver City, CA 90232   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     10/19/2027         3,630       3,579       3,630  
Assembly Intermediate, LLC
  9696 Culver Boulevard, Culver City, CA 90232   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     10/19/2027         —        (21     —   
Eclipse Buyer, Inc.
  3700 North Capital of Texas, Highway, Suite 420, Austin, Texas   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.74     9/8/2031         4,244       4,202       4,202  
Eclipse Buyer, Inc.
  3700 North Capital of Texas, Highway, Suite 420, Austin, Texas   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.74     9/8/2031         —        (4     (4
Eclipse Buyer, Inc.
  3700 North Capital of Texas, Highway, Suite 420, Austin, Texas   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.74     9/6/2031         —        (4     (4
Essential Services Holding Corporation
  3416 Robards Court, Louisville, KY 40218   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.29     6/17/2031         17,245       17,077       17,151  
Essential Services Holding Corporation
  3416 Robards Court, Louisville, KY 40218   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.29     6/17/2031         —        (23     (26
Essential Services Holding Corporation
  3416 Robards Court, Louisville, KY 40218   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.29     6/17/2030         —        (28     (16
EVDR Purchaser, Inc.
  5680 Greenwood Plaza Blvd. Ste 550, Greenwood Village, CO 80111   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.10     2/14/2031         20,480       20,096       20,480  
EVDR Purchaser, Inc.
  5680 Greenwood Plaza Blvd. Ste 550, Greenwood Village, CO 80111   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.10     2/14/2031         —        (54     —   
EVDR Purchaser, Inc.
  5680 Greenwood Plaza Blvd. Ste 550, Greenwood Village, CO 80111   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.10     2/14/2031         —        (64     —   
FPG Intermediate Holdco, LLC
  4901 Vineland Road Suite 300, Orlando, FL 32811   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.75% (incl. 4.00% PIK)     11.25     3/5/2027         429       424       366  
Heartland Home Services
  4101 Sparks Drive, Suite B, Grand Rapids, MI 49546   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.45     12/15/2026         1,931       1,923       1,809  
Lightspeed Solution, LLC
  2500 Bee Cave Road Building One Suite 350, Austin, TX, 78746   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50% (incl. 2.17% PIK)     11.10     3/1/2028         8,123       8,026       8,123  
Lightspeed Solution, LLC
  2500 Bee Cave Road Building One Suite 350, Austin, TX, 78746   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50% (incl. 2.17% PIK)     11.10     3/1/2028         535       528       535  
LUV Car Wash Group, LLC
  2218 E Williams Field Road, Suite 225, Gilbert, AZ   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00%     12.31     12/9/2026         889       885       889  
 
37

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Magnolia Wash Holdings
  5821 Fairview Road Charlotte, North Carolina 28209   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.83     7/14/2028         3,263       3,217       3,004  
Magnolia Wash Holdings
  5821 Fairview Road Charlotte, North Carolina 28209   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.83     7/14/2028         693       683       638  
Magnolia Wash Holdings
  5821 Fairview Road Charlotte, North Carolina 28209   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.83     7/14/2028         87       85       75  
Project Accelerate Parent, LLC
  8320 Highway 107, Sherwood, AR 72120   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.54     2/24/2031         8,728       8,646       8,694  
Project Accelerate Parent, LLC
  8320 Highway 107, Sherwood, AR 72120   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.54     2/24/2031         —        (11     (5
Vertex Service Partners, LLC
  One California St., Suite 2900, San Francisco, CA 94111   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.49     11/8/2030         1,765       1,725       1,745  
Vertex Service Partners, LLC
  One California St., Suite 2900, San Francisco, CA 94111   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.49     11/8/2030         3,375       3,298       3,336  
Vertex Service Partners, LLC
  One California St., Suite 2900, San Francisco, CA 94111   Diversified Consumer Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.49     11/8/2030         66       56       60  
Abracon Group Holdings, LLC
  5101 Hidden Creek Lane, Spicewood, TX 78669   Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.44     7/6/2028         5,991       5,911       4,564  
Abracon Group Holdings, LLC
  5101 Hidden Creek Lane, Spicewood, TX 78669   Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.44     7/6/2028         401       396       306  
Dwyer Instruments, Inc.
  102
IN-212,
Michigan City, IN 46360
  Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.45     7/21/2027         10,445       10,308       10,395  
Dwyer Instruments, Inc.
  102
IN-212,
Michigan City, IN 46360
  Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.45     7/21/2027         2,007       1,957       1,980  
Dwyer Instruments, Inc.
  102
IN-212,
Michigan City, IN 46360
  Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.45     7/21/2027         —        (11     (4
Infinite Bidco, LLC
  17792 Fitch, Irvine, California 92614   Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.64     3/2/2028         12,267       12,000       12,267  
Magneto Components Buyco, LLC
  311 Sinclair Rd, Bristol, PA, 19007   Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50% (incl. 2.65% PIK)     10.60     12/5/2030         15,299       15,043       15,215  
Magneto Components Buyco, LLC
  311 Sinclair Rd, Bristol, PA, 19007   Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50% (incl. 2.65% PIK)     10.60     12/5/2030         —        (25     (17
Magneto Components Buyco, LLC
  311 Sinclair Rd, Bristol, PA, 19007   Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50% (incl. 2.65% PIK)     10.60     12/5/2029         —        (40     (14
Applitools, Inc.
  155 Bovet Road, Suite 600, San Mateo, CA 94402   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25% PIK     10.85     5/25/2029         3,915       3,875       3,873  
Applitools, Inc.
  155 Bovet Road, Suite 600, San Mateo, CA 94402   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.58     5/25/2028         —        (5     (4
Cerity Partners, LLC
  335 Madison Avenue, 23rd Floor, New York, NY 10017   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.31     7/30/2029         4,719       4,605       4,719  
Cerity Partners, LLC
  335 Madison Avenue, 23rd Floor, New York, NY 10017   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.31     7/30/2029         6,664       6,498       6,664  
Cerity Partners, LLC
  335 Madison Avenue, 23rd Floor, New York, NY 10017   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.31     7/30/2029         —        (2     —   
GC Waves Holdings, Inc.
  1200 17th Street, Suite 500, Denver, CO 80202   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.20     8/10/2029         2,284       2,246       2,270  
GC Waves Holdings, Inc.
  1200 17th Street, Suite 500, Denver, CO 80202   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.20     8/10/2029         2,166       2,046       2,128  
GC Waves Holdings, Inc.
  1200 17th Street, Suite 500, Denver, CO 80202   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.20     8/10/2029         —        (5     (2
MAI Capital Management Intermediate, LLC
  6050 Oak Tree Blvd. Suite 500, Cleveland, OH 44131   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     8/29/2031         4,632       4,586       4,586  
MAI Capital Management Intermediate, LLC
  6050 Oak Tree Blvd. Suite 500, Cleveland, OH 44131   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     8/29/2031         —        (14     (14
MAI Capital Management Intermediate, LLC
  6050 Oak Tree Blvd. Suite 500, Cleveland, OH 44131   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     8/29/2031         —        (10     (10
RFS Opco, LLC
  45 Rockefeller Plaza, Floor 5, New York, NY 10111   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     4/4/2031         14,500       14,362       14,367  
RFS Opco, LLC
  45 Rockefeller Plaza, Floor 5, New York, NY 10111   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.00%     8.60     4/4/2029         —        (5     (5
SitusAMC Holdings Corp.
  150 E 52nd St #4002, New York, NY 10022   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.20     12/22/2027         3,871       3,853       3,853  
SitusAMC Holdings Corp.
  150 E 52nd St #4002, New York, NY 10022   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.20     12/22/2027         3,346       3,325       3,343  
Smarsh, Inc.
  851 SW 6th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97204   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.35     2/16/2029         4,286       4,225       4,286  
Smarsh, Inc.
  851 SW 6th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97204   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.35     2/16/2029         536       525       536  
Smarsh, Inc.
  851 SW 6th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97204   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.35     2/16/2029         —        (3     —   
Trintech, Inc.
  5600 Granite Parkway, Suite 10000, Plano, TX 75024   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.35     7/25/2029         33,830       33,255       33,174  
Trintech, Inc.
  5600 Granite Parkway, Suite 10000, Plano, TX 75024   Financial Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.35     7/25/2029         837       790       780  
 
38

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
AMCP Pet Holdings, Inc. (Brightpet)
  38281 Industrial Park Road, Lisbon, OH 44432   Food Products   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00% (incl. 0.75% PIK)     11.95     10/5/2026         41,683       41,116       41,074  
AMCP Pet Holdings, Inc. (Brightpet)
  38281 Industrial Park Road, Lisbon, OH 44432   Food Products   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00% (incl. 0.75% PIK)     11.95     10/5/2026         5,862       5,802       5,777  
Nellson Nutraceutical, Inc.
  5115 East La Palma Avenue, Anaheim, CA 92807   Food Products   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     11.23     12/23/2025         18,320       18,222       18,320  
Teasdale Foods, Inc. (Teasdale Latin Foods)
  3041 Churchill Dr. Ste 100,, Flower Mound, TX, 75022-2733   Food Products   First Lien Debt   S + 7.25% (incl. 1.00% PIK)     11.65     12/18/2025         10,817       10,757       10,436  
SV Newco 2, Inc.
 
1-24
Akerley Boulevard, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada
  Ground Transportation   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.81     6/2/2031         22,910       22,578       22,600  
SV Newco 2, Inc.
 
1-24
Akerley Boulevard, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada
  Ground Transportation   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.81     6/2/2031         —        (102     (193
SV Newco 2, Inc.
 
1-24
Akerley Boulevard, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada
  Ground Transportation   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.81     6/2/2031         —        (123     (116
Performance Health & Wellness
  28100 Torch Parkway, Suite 700, Warrenville, IL 60555   Health Care Equipment & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     11.11     7/12/2027         9,398       9,296       9,397  
PerkinElmer U.S., LLC
  710 Bridgeport Ave, Shelton, CT 06484   Health Care Equipment & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.92     3/13/2029         4,352       4,250       4,303  
Tidi Legacy Products, Inc.
  570 Enterprise Drive, Neenah, WI 54956   Health Care Equipment & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.36     12/19/2029         1,862       1,829       1,851  
Tidi Legacy Products, Inc.
  570 Enterprise Drive, Neenah, WI 54956   Health Care Equipment & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.36     12/19/2029         —        (4     (3
Tidi Legacy Products, Inc.
  570 Enterprise Drive, Neenah, WI 54956   Health Care Equipment & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.36     12/19/2029         —        (6     (2
YI, LLC
  2260 Wendt St, Algonquin, IL 60102   Health Care Equipment & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.87     12/3/2029         5,611       5,511       5,593  
YI, LLC
  2260 Wendt St, Algonquin, IL 60102   Health Care Equipment & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.87     12/3/2029         —        (10     (4
YI, LLC
  2260 Wendt St, Algonquin, IL 60102   Health Care Equipment & Supplies   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.87     12/3/2029         —        (15     (3
Advarra Holdings, Inc.
  6940 Columbia Gateway Drive, Suite 110 Columbia, MD 21046   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.35     9/15/2031         451       441       446  
Advarra Holdings, Inc.
  6940 Columbia Gateway Drive, Suite 110 Columbia, MD 21046   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.35     9/15/2031         —        —        —   
DCA Investment Holdings, LLC
  6240 Lake Osprey Dr, Sarasota, Florida, 34240   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.01     4/3/2028         20,337       20,063       20,109  
DCA Investment Holdings, LLC
  6240 Lake Osprey Dr, Sarasota, Florida, 34240   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.01     4/3/2028         1,787       1,751       1,767  
Gateway US Holdings, Inc.
  109—230 Hanlon Creek Boulevard, Guelph, Ontario N1C 0A1, Canada   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.25     9/22/2026         744       741       744  
Gateway US Holdings, Inc.
  109—230 Hanlon Creek Boulevard, Guelph, Ontario N1C 0A1, Canada   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.25     9/22/2026         210       209       210  
Gateway US Holdings, Inc.
  109—230 Hanlon Creek Boulevard, Guelph, Ontario N1C 0A1, Canada   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.25     9/22/2026         —        —        —   
Heartland Veterinary Partners, LLC
  10 South LaSalle Street, Suite 2120, Chicago, IL 60603   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.70     12/10/2026         1,833       1,824       1,833  
Heartland Veterinary Partners, LLC
  10 South LaSalle Street, Suite 2120, Chicago, IL 60603   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.70     12/10/2026         4,150       4,132       4,150  
Heartland Veterinary Partners, LLC
  10 South LaSalle Street, Suite 2120, Chicago, IL 60603   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.70     12/10/2026         —        (2     —   
iCIMS, Inc.
  101 Crawfords Corner Road, Suite
3-100,
Holmdel, NJ 07733
  Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 7.25% (incl. 3.38% PIK)     12.17     8/18/2028         7,081       6,993       7,081  
iCIMS, Inc.
  101 Crawfords Corner Road, Suite
3-100,
Holmdel, NJ 07733
  Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 7.25% (incl. 3.38% PIK)     12.17     8/18/2028         —        —        —   
iCIMS, Inc.
  101 Crawfords Corner Road, Suite
3-100,
Holmdel, NJ 07733
  Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 7.25% (incl. 3.38% PIK)     12.17     8/18/2028         14       13       14  
Imagine 360, LLC
  1550 Liberty Ridge Drive, Wayne, PA 19087   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.81     10/2/2028         12,188       12,067       12,067  
Imagine 360, LLC
  1550 Liberty Ridge Drive, Wayne, PA 19087   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.81     10/2/2028         —        (8     (8
Imagine 360, LLC
  1550 Liberty Ridge Drive, Wayne, PA 19087   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.81     10/2/2028         —        (11     (11
Intelerad Medical Systems Incorporated
  305 Church at N Hills St, 6th Floor Raleigh, North Carolina 27609   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.90     8/21/2026         491       483       471  
Intelerad Medical Systems Incorporated
  305 Church at N Hills St, 6th Floor Raleigh, North Carolina 27609   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.90     8/21/2026         34       33       33  
Invictus Buyer, LLC
  10411 Clayton Rd Suite 211, St. Louis, MO 63131   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     6/3/2031         4,050       4,011       4,026  
Invictus Buyer, LLC
  10411 Clayton Rd Suite 211, St. Louis, MO 63131   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     6/3/2031         —        (8     (10
 
39

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Invictus Buyer, LLC
  10411 Clayton Rd Suite 211, St. Louis, MO 63131   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     6/3/2031         —        (6     (4
mPulse Mobile, Inc.
  16530 Ventura Blvd, Suite 500, Encino, CA 91436   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.20     12/17/2027         12,019       11,875       11,981  
mPulse Mobile, Inc.
  16530 Ventura Blvd, Suite 500, Encino, CA 91436   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.20     12/17/2027         19,978       19,575       19,698  
mPulse Mobile, Inc.
  16530 Ventura Blvd, Suite 500, Encino, CA 91436   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.20     12/17/2027         934       886       894  
Pareto Health Intermediate Holdings, Inc.
  FMC Tower, 2929 Walnut Street, Suite 1500, Philadelphia, PA 19104   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     10.85     6/1/2030         6,695       6,579       6,695  
Pareto Health Intermediate Holdings, Inc.
  FMC Tower, 2929 Walnut Street, Suite 1500, Philadelphia, PA 19104   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     10.85     6/1/2029         —        (12     —   
PPV Intermediate Holdings, LLC
  141 Longwater Drive, Suite 108, Norwell, MA 02061   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.81     8/31/2029         4,346       4,204       4,325  
PPV Intermediate Holdings, LLC
  141 Longwater Drive, Suite 108, Norwell, MA 02061   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.81     8/31/2029         9,412       9,305       9,412  
Promptcare Infusion Buyer, Inc.
  41 Spring Street New Providence, NJ 07974   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.02     9/1/2027         8,912       8,813       8,763  
Promptcare Infusion Buyer, Inc.
  41 Spring Street New Providence, NJ 07974   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.02     9/1/2027         2,773       2,726       2,704  
Stepping Stones Healthcare Services, LLC
  9 Phillips Rd, Hainesport, NJ 08036   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     1/2/2029         4,266       4,222       4,266  
Stepping Stones Healthcare Services, LLC
  9 Phillips Rd, Hainesport, NJ 08036   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     1/2/2029         1,082       1,062       1,069  
Stepping Stones Healthcare Services, LLC
  9 Phillips Rd, Hainesport, NJ 08036   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     12/30/2026         —        (4     —   
Suveto
  1000 Texan Trail #270,Grapevine, TX 76051   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.25%     9.20     9/9/2027         11,746       11,677       11,596  
Suveto
  1000 Texan Trail #270,Grapevine, TX 76051   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.25%     9.20     9/9/2027         697       686       680  
Tivity Health, Inc.
  701 Cool Springs Blvd, Franklin, TN, 37067   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     6/28/2029         8,633       8,592       8,592  
Vardiman Black Holdings, LLC
  401 Church St., Ste. 1900, Nashville, TN 37219   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00% (incl. 2.00% PIK)     11.94     3/18/2027         5,667       5,667       5,667  
Vardiman Black Holdings, LLC
  401 Church St., Ste. 1900, Nashville, TN 37219   Health Care Providers & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00% (incl. 2.00% PIK)     11.94     3/18/2027         562       546       562  
Hyland Software, Inc.
  28105 Clemens Road, Westlake, Ohio 44145   Health Care Technology   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.85     9/19/2030         39,358       38,829       39,359  
Hyland Software, Inc.
  28105 Clemens Road, Westlake, Ohio 44145   Health Care Technology   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.85     9/19/2029         —        (23     —   
Lightspeed Buyer, Inc.
  16260 N 71st St #350, Scottsdale, AZ 85254   Health Care Technology   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.15     2/3/2026         11,813       11,714       11,813  
Lightspeed Buyer, Inc.
  16260 N 71st St #350, Scottsdale, AZ 85254   Health Care Technology   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.15     2/3/2026         9,834       9,745       9,834  
Aptean, Inc.
  4325 Alexander Dr #100, Alpharetta, GA 30022   Industrial Conglomerates   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.10     1/30/2031         11,133       11,032       11,062  
Aptean, Inc.
  4325 Alexander Dr #100, Alpharetta, GA 30022   Industrial Conglomerates   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.10     1/30/2031         27       19       19  
Aptean, Inc.
  4325 Alexander Dr #100, Alpharetta, GA 30022   Industrial Conglomerates   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.10     1/30/2031         —        (9     (6
Excelitas Technologies Corp.
  200 West Street, 4th Floor East Waltham, MA 02451   Industrial Conglomerates   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     8/13/2029         1,298       1,278       1,278  
Excelitas Technologies Corp.
  200 West Street, 4th Floor East Waltham, MA 02451   Industrial Conglomerates   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     8.60     8/13/2029       238       242       261  
Excelitas Technologies Corp.
  200 West Street, 4th Floor East Waltham, MA 02451   Industrial Conglomerates   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     8/13/2029         —        (14     (29
Excelitas Technologies Corp.
  200 West Street, 4th Floor East Waltham, MA 02451   Industrial Conglomerates   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     8/14/2028         —        (2     (2
Raptor Merger Sub Debt, LLC
  1 Millennium Drive, Willingboro, NJ 08046   Industrial Conglomerates   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.10     4/1/2029         31,988       31,252       31,988  
Raptor Merger Sub Debt, LLC
  1 Millennium Drive, Willingboro, NJ 08046   Industrial Conglomerates   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.10     4/1/2029         488       432       488  
Amerilife Holdings, LLC
  2650 McCormick Drive Suite 300L, Clearwater, FL 33759   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.70     8/31/2029         2,870       2,827       2,870  
Amerilife Holdings, LLC
  2650 McCormick Drive Suite 300L, Clearwater, FL 33759   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.70     8/31/2029         818       811       817  
Amerilife Holdings, LLC
  2650 McCormick Drive Suite 300L, Clearwater, FL 33759   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.70     8/31/2028         —        (6     —   
Foundation Risk Partners Corp.
  1540 Cornerstone Boulevard Suite 230 | Daytona Beach, FL | 32117   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.92     10/29/2030         42,208       41,727       42,031  
 
40

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Foundation Risk Partners Corp.
  1540 Cornerstone Boulevard Suite 230 | Daytona Beach, FL | 32117   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.92     10/29/2030         9,180       9,076       9,141  
Foundation Risk Partners Corp.
  1540 Cornerstone Boulevard Suite 230 | Daytona Beach, FL | 32117   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.92     10/29/2029         —        (63     (28
Galway Borrower, LLC
  1350 Broadway, New York, NY 10018   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.10     9/29/2028         30,515       30,124       30,124  
Galway Borrower, LLC
  1350 Broadway, New York, NY 10018   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.10     9/29/2028         1,554       1,531       1,501  
Galway Borrower, LLC
  1350 Broadway, New York, NY 10018   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.10     9/29/2028         581       554       541  
Higginbotham Insurance Agency, Inc.
  500 W 13th St, Fort Worth, TX 76102   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.35     11/24/2028         23,721       23,535       23,534  
Higginbotham Insurance Agency, Inc.
  500 W 13th St, Fort Worth, TX 76102   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.35     11/24/2028         1,387       1,345       1,342  
High Street Buyer, Inc.
  333 West Grandview Parkway, Suite 201, Traverse City, MI 49684   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     4/14/2028         9,814       9,700       9,814  
High Street Buyer, Inc.
  333 West Grandview Parkway, Suite 201, Traverse City, MI 49684   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     4/14/2028         39,415       38,866       39,366  
High Street Buyer, Inc.
  333 West Grandview Parkway, Suite 201, Traverse City, MI 49684   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     4/16/2027         —        (18     —   
Inszone Mid, LLC
  2721 Citrus Road, Suite A, Rancho Cordova, CA 95742   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.00     11/30/2029         4,426       4,348       4,385  
Inszone Mid, LLC
  2721 Citrus Road, Suite A, Rancho Cordova, CA 95742   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.00     11/30/2029         3,961       3,868       3,901  
Inszone Mid, LLC
  2721 Citrus Road, Suite A, Rancho Cordova, CA 95742   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.00     11/30/2029         —        (48     (48
Inszone Mid, LLC
  2721 Citrus Road, Suite A, Rancho Cordova, CA 95742   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.00     11/30/2029         —        (21     (15
Integrity Marketing Acquisition, LLC
  9111 Cypress Waters Boulevard, Suite 450, Dallas, TX 75019   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.08     8/25/2028         44,566       44,566       44,566  
Integrity Marketing Acquisition, LLC
  9111 Cypress Waters Boulevard, Suite 450, Dallas, TX 75019   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.08     8/25/2028         —        —        —   
Long Term Care Group, Inc.
  2000 Wade Hampton Boulevard, Greenville, SC 29615   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00% (incl. 2.50% PIK)     11.54     9/8/2027         5,342       5,283       4,537  
Majesco
  412 Mr. Kemble Ave, Ste 110c, Morristown, NJ 07960   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     9/21/2028         33,643       33,135       33,643  
Majesco
  412 Mr. Kemble Ave, Ste 110c, Morristown, NJ 07960   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     9/21/2027         —        (16     —   
Patriot Growth Insurance Services, LLC
  501 Office Center Drive, Suite 215, Ft. Washington, PA 19034   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.75     10/16/2028         61,882       61,068       61,882  
Patriot Growth Insurance Services, LLC
  501 Office Center Drive, Suite 215, Ft. Washington, PA 19034   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.75     10/16/2028         748       696       748  
Peter C. Foy & Associates Insurance Services, LLC
  2500 West Executive Parkway Suite 200 Lehi, UT 84043   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.35     11/1/2028         20,050       19,897       20,050  
Peter C. Foy & Associates Insurance Services, LLC
  2500 West Executive Parkway Suite 200 Lehi, UT 84043   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.35     11/1/2028         8,243       8,173       8,229  
Peter C. Foy & Associates Insurance Services, LLC
  2500 West Executive Parkway Suite 200 Lehi, UT 84043   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.35     11/1/2027         —        (4     —   
RSC Acquisition, Inc.
  160 Federal St., 4th Floor, Boston, MA 02110   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.71     11/1/2029         32,212       31,848       32,184  
RSC Acquisition, Inc.
  160 Federal St., 4th Floor, Boston, MA 02110   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.71     11/1/2029         3,732       3,708       3,730  
Summit Acquisition, Inc.
  5675 Ruffin Road, Suite 150, San Diego, CA 92123   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.10     5/1/2030         7,297       7,109       7,297  
Summit Acquisition, Inc.
  5675 Ruffin Road, Suite 150, San Diego, CA 92123   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.10     5/1/2030         —        (20     —   
Summit Acquisition, Inc.
  5675 Ruffin Road, Suite 150, San Diego, CA 92123   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.10     5/1/2029         —        (19     —   
World Insurance Associates, LLC
  6565 Shrewsbury Ave, Suite 200, Tinton Falls, NJ 07701   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.60     4/3/2028         66,840       65,592       66,524  
World Insurance Associates, LLC
  6565 Shrewsbury Ave, Suite 200, Tinton Falls, NJ 07701   Insurance Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.60     4/3/2028         —        (8     (24
FMG Suite Holdings, LLC
  12395 World Trade Dr., Ste 200, San Diego, CA 92128   Interactive Media & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.66     10/30/2026         23,554       23,312       23,351  
FMG Suite Holdings, LLC
  12395 World Trade Dr., Ste 200, San Diego, CA 92128   Interactive Media & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.66     10/30/2026         4,533       4,499       4,490  
FMG Suite Holdings, LLC
  12395 World Trade Dr., Ste 200, San Diego, CA 92128   Interactive Media & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.00%     9.10     10/30/2026         151       133       129  
Spectrio, LLC
  4033 Tampa Road, Suite 103, Oldsmar, FL 34677   Interactive Media & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.06     12/9/2026         31,805       31,574       30,361  
 
41

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Spectrio, LLC
  4033 Tampa Road, Suite 103, Oldsmar, FL 34677   Interactive Media & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.06     12/9/2026         12,830       12,799       12,247  
Spectrio, LLC
  4033 Tampa Road, Suite 103, Oldsmar, FL 34677   Interactive Media & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.06     12/9/2026         4,036       4,007       3,853  
Triple Lift, Inc.
  1400 Lafayette St. 5th Floor, New York, NY 10003   Interactive Media & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.71     5/5/2028         27,090       26,771       25,608  
Triple Lift, Inc.
  1400 Lafayette St. 5th Floor, New York, NY 10003   Interactive Media & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.71     5/5/2028         1,533       1,492       1,315  
Atlas Purchaser, Inc.
  5 Technology Park Drive, Westford, MA 01886   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 7.50% (incl. 6.50% PIK)     12.47     5/5/2028         2,426       2,467       1,974  
Atlas Purchaser, Inc.
  5 Technology Park Drive, Westford, MA 01886   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 7.50% (incl. 6.50% PIK)     12.47     5/5/2028         5,646       5,728       3,436  
Catalis Intermediate, Inc.
  3025 Windward Plaza, Suite 200, Alpharetta, GA, Fulton County   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.25     8/4/2027         39,055       38,528       37,782  
Catalis Intermediate, Inc.
  3025 Windward Plaza, Suite 200, Alpharetta, GA, Fulton County   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.25     8/4/2027         8,787       8,679       8,501  
Catalis Intermediate, Inc.
  3025 Windward Plaza, Suite 200, Alpharetta, GA, Fulton County   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.25     8/4/2027         1,460       1,409       1,321  
Donuts, Inc.
  10500 NE 8th Street, Suite 750, Bellevue, WA 98004   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.35     12/29/2027         24,663       24,465       24,542  
GI DI Cornfield Acquisition, LLC
  909 Locust St #301, Des Moines, IA 50309   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.36     3/9/2028         30,393       29,972       29,989  
GI DI Cornfield Acquisition, LLC
  909 Locust St #301, Des Moines, IA 50309   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.36     3/9/2028         —        (107     (208
Recovery Point Systems, Inc.
  75 West Watkins Mill Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.46     8/12/2026         40,320       40,022       40,320  
Recovery Point Systems, Inc.
  75 West Watkins Mill Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.46     8/12/2026         —        (25     —   
Redwood Services Group, LLC
  155 Montgomery Street Suite 501,San Francisco, CA, 94104   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     10.95     6/15/2029         10,747       10,662       10,747  
Redwood Services Group, LLC
  155 Montgomery Street Suite 501,San Francisco, CA, 94104   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     10.95     6/15/2029         6,374       6,273       6,344  
Ridge Trail US Bidco, Inc.
  28 Liberty Street, Suite 902, New York, NY 10005   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     9/30/2031         23,976       23,617       23,617  
Ridge Trail US Bidco, Inc.
  28 Liberty Street, Suite 902, New York, NY 10005   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     9/30/2031         —        (62     (62
Ridge Trail US Bidco, Inc.
  28 Liberty Street, Suite 902, New York, NY 10005   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     3/31/2031         413       372       372  
Syntax Systems, Ltd.
  8000 Decarie Boulevard, Suite 300, Montreal, Quebec, Canada   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.96     10/29/2028         37,484       37,244       37,271  
Thrive Buyer, Inc. (Thrive Networks)
  25 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 3, Foxborough, MA 02035   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.75     1/22/2027         22,760       22,525       22,574  
Thrive Buyer, Inc. (Thrive Networks)
  25 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 3, Foxborough, MA 02035   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.75     1/22/2027         16,783       16,622       16,629  
Thrive Buyer, Inc. (Thrive Networks)
  25 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 3, Foxborough, MA 02035   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     14.00     1/22/2027         1,321       1,305       1,303  
UpStack, Inc.
  745 Fifth Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10151   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.10     8/25/2031         9,750       9,654       9,654  
UpStack, Inc.
  745 Fifth Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10151   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.10     8/20/2027         —        —        —   
UpStack, Inc.
  745 Fifth Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10151   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.10     8/25/2031         —        (18     (18
UpStack, Inc.
  745 Fifth Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10151   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.10     8/25/2031         —        (15     (15
Victors Purchaser, LLC
  3854 Broadmoor Avenue SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49512   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     8/15/2031         5,094       5,044       5,044  
Victors Purchaser, LLC
  3854 Broadmoor Avenue SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49512   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     8/15/2031         —        (6     (6
Victors Purchaser, LLC
  3854 Broadmoor Avenue SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49512   IT Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     8/15/2031         —        (7     (7
Model N, Inc.
  777 Mariners Island Boulevard, Suite 300, San Mateo, CA 94404   Life Sciences Tools & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.64     6/27/2031         11,964       11,848       11,964  
Model N, Inc.
  777 Mariners Island Boulevard, Suite 300, San Mateo, CA 94404   Life Sciences Tools & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.64     6/27/2031         —        (16     —   
Model N, Inc.
  777 Mariners Island Boulevard, Suite 300, San Mateo, CA 94404   Life Sciences Tools & Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.64     6/27/2031         —        (17     —   
Answer Acquisition, LLC
  4855 Broadmoor Avenue, Kentwood, MI 49512   Machinery   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.50     12/30/2026         13,428       13,274       13,306  
Answer Acquisition, LLC
  4855 Broadmoor Avenue, Kentwood, MI 49512   Machinery   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.50     12/30/2026         —        (12     (11
Chase Intermediate, LLC
  4221 W Boy Scout Blvd #390, Tampa, FL 33607   Machinery   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.90     10/30/2028         4,314       4,210       4,262  
Chase Intermediate, LLC
  4221 W Boy Scout Blvd #390, Tampa, FL 33607   Machinery   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.90     10/30/2028         —        (8     —   
 
42

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
MHE Intermediate Holdings, LLC
  3235 Levis Commons Blvd,, Perrysburg, OH 43551   Machinery   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.45     7/21/2027         11,731       11,600       11,725  
MHE Intermediate Holdings, LLC
  3235 Levis Commons Blvd,, Perrysburg, OH 43551   Machinery   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.45     7/21/2027         3,645       3,605       3,643  
MHE Intermediate Holdings, LLC
  3235 Levis Commons Blvd,, Perrysburg, OH 43551   Machinery   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.45     7/21/2027         —        (23     (2
AWP Group Holdings, Inc.
  4244 Mount Pleasant Street Northwest, North Canton, OH 44720   Multi-Utilities   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.60     12/23/2030         7,442       7,217       7,436  
AWP Group Holdings, Inc.
  4244 Mount Pleasant Street Northwest, North Canton, OH 44720   Multi-Utilities   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.60     12/23/2030         —        (17     (3
AWP Group Holdings, Inc.
  4244 Mount Pleasant Street Northwest, North Canton, OH 44720   Multi-Utilities   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.60     12/23/2030         —        (14     (1
Vessco Midco Holdings, LLC
  8217 Upland Circle Chanhassen, MN 55217   Multi-Utilities   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.22     7/24/2031         11,199       11,090       11,090  
Vessco Midco Holdings, LLC
  8217 Upland Circle Chanhassen, MN 55217   Multi-Utilities   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.22     7/24/2031         548       529       529  
Vessco Midco Holdings, LLC
  8217 Upland Circle Chanhassen, MN 55217   Multi-Utilities   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.22     7/24/2031         —        (12     (12
Caerus US 1, Inc.
  52 Vanderbilt Avenue New York, NY 10017 United States   Pharmaceuticals   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     5/25/2029         10,954       10,785       10,342  
Caerus US 1, Inc.
  52 Vanderbilt Avenue New York, NY 10017 United States   Pharmaceuticals   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     5/25/2029         707       690       618  
Caerus US 1, Inc.
  52 Vanderbilt Avenue New York, NY 10017 United States   Pharmaceuticals   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     5/25/2029         549       532       483  
Abacus Data Holdings, Inc. (AbacusNext)
  4850 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, CA, 92121   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.17     3/10/2027         9,130       9,033       8,760  
Abacus Data Holdings, Inc. (AbacusNext)
  4850 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, CA, 92121   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.25%     11.17     3/10/2027         —        (13     (57
Ascend Partner Services, LLC
  201 North Union Street, Suite 110, Alexandria, VA 22314   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.35     8/11/2031         4,899       4,851       4,851  
Ascend Partner Services, LLC
  201 North Union Street, Suite 110, Alexandria, VA 22314   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.35     8/11/2031         —        (41     (41
Ascend Partner Services, LLC
  201 North Union Street, Suite 110, Alexandria, VA 22314   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.35     8/11/2031         —        (16     (16
Bridgepointe Technologies, LLC
  999 Baker Way, Suite 310, San Mateo, CA 94404   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     12/31/2027         17,099       16,679       16,872  
Bridgepointe Technologies, LLC
  999 Baker Way, Suite 310, San Mateo, CA 94404   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.60     12/31/2027         14,735       14,297       14,524  
Bullhorn, Inc.
  100 Summer Street, 17th Floor, Boston, MA, 02110   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     10/1/2029         15,407       15,309       15,407  
Bullhorn, Inc.
  100 Summer Street, 17th Floor, Boston, MA, 02110   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     10/1/2029         1,919       1,908       1,919  
Bullhorn, Inc.
  100 Summer Street, 17th Floor, Boston, MA, 02110   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     10/1/2029         —        (5     —   
Citrin Cooperman Advisors, LLC
  529 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10017   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.32     10/1/2027         24,321       24,006       24,321  
Citrin Cooperman Advisors, LLC
  529 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10017   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.32     10/1/2027         12,126       11,926       12,126  
ComPsych Investment Corp.
  455 N. Cityfront Plaza Drive, 13th Floor, Chicago, Illinois 60611   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     10.03     7/22/2031         13,973       13,905       13,905  
ComPsych Investment Corp.
  455 N. Cityfront Plaza Drive, 13th Floor, Chicago, Illinois 60611   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     10.03     7/22/2031         —        (10     (10
GPS Merger Sub, LLC
  2201 Cooperative Way, Suite 225, Herndon, VA 20171   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.85     10/2/2029         4,890       4,804       4,853  
GPS Merger Sub, LLC
  2201 Cooperative Way, Suite 225, Herndon, VA 20171   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.85     10/2/2029         —        (11     (10
GPS Merger Sub, LLC
  2201 Cooperative Way, Suite 225, Herndon, VA 20171   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     10.85     10/2/2029         —        (17     (8
KENG Acquisition, Inc.
  4000 Hollywood Boulevard, Suite
400-North,
Hollywood, FL 33021
  Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     8/1/2029         3,197       3,128       3,184  
KENG Acquisition, Inc.
  4000 Hollywood Boulevard, Suite
400-North,
Hollywood, FL 33021
  Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     8/1/2029         1,088       1,040       1,068  
KENG Acquisition, Inc.
  4000 Hollywood Boulevard, Suite
400-North,
Hollywood, FL 33021
  Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     8/1/2029         —        (18     (4
KWOR Acquisition, Inc.
  9725 Windermere Blvd, Fishers, IN 46037   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.25%     12.25     12/22/2028         5,299       5,224       4,553  
KWOR Acquisition, Inc.
  9725 Windermere Blvd, Fishers, IN 46037   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.25%     12.25     12/22/2028         1,292       1,272       1,110  
KWOR Acquisition, Inc.
  9725 Windermere Blvd, Fishers, IN 46037   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 4.25%     12.25     12/22/2027         122       121       105  
 
43

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Project Boost Purchaser, LLC
  12735 Gran Bay Parkway West, Suite 130, Jacksonville, FL 32258-4467   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.31     5/2/2029         5,625       5,585       5,625  
Project Boost Purchaser, LLC
  12735 Gran Bay Parkway West, Suite 130, Jacksonville, FL 32258-4467   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.31     5/2/2028         105       102       105  
Verdantas, LLC
  6397 Emerald Parkway, Suite 200, Dublin, OH 43016   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.37     5/6/2031         16,450       16,213       16,230  
Verdantas, LLC
  6397 Emerald Parkway, Suite 200, Dublin, OH 43016   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.37     5/6/2031         695       682       685  
Verdantas, LLC
  6397 Emerald Parkway, Suite 200, Dublin, OH 43016   Professional Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.37     5/6/2030         —        (25     (24
Associations, Inc.
  5401 N. Central Expressway, Suite 300, Dallas, TX   Real Estate Management & Development   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     12.00     7/3/2028         10,921       10,911       10,903  
Associations, Inc.
  5401 N. Central Expressway, Suite 300, Dallas, TX   Real Estate Management & Development   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     12.00     7/3/2028         —        (1     (1
Associations, Inc.
  5401 N. Central Expressway, Suite 300, Dallas, TX   Real Estate Management & Development   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     12.00     7/3/2028         —        (1     (1
MRI Software, LLC
  28925 Fountain Parkway, Solon, OH 44139   Real Estate Management & Development   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     2/10/2027         58,802       58,473       58,637  
MRI Software, LLC
  28925 Fountain Parkway, Solon, OH 44139   Real Estate Management & Development   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     2/10/2027         86       86       86  
MRI Software, LLC
  28925 Fountain Parkway, Solon, OH 44139   Real Estate Management & Development   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     2/10/2027         —        (9     (6
Pritchard Industries, LLC
  150 E 42nd St, New York, NY 10017   Real Estate Management & Development   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     11.01     10/13/2027         25,080       24,793       24,692  
Pritchard Industries, LLC
  150 E 42nd St, New York, NY 10017   Real Estate Management & Development   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     11.01     10/13/2027         5,997       5,925       5,904  
Zarya Intermediate, LLC
  5300 Memorial Drive, Suite 300 , Houston, TX 77007   Real Estate Management & Development   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.56     7/1/2027         35,231       35,231       35,108  
Zarya Intermediate, LLC
  5300 Memorial Drive, Suite 300 , Houston, TX 77007   Real Estate Management & Development   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.56     7/1/2027         —        —        (13
Alert Media, Inc.
  901 South MoPac Expressway, Building 3, Suite 500, Austin, TX 78746   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.75% (incl. 5.75% PIK)     11.05     4/12/2027         19,751       19,561       19,460  
Alert Media, Inc.
  901 South MoPac Expressway, Building 3, Suite 500, Austin, TX 78746   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.75% (incl. 5.75% PIK)     11.05     4/12/2027         —        (33     (60
Anaplan, Inc.
  50 Hawthorne St, San Francisco, CA, 94105   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     6/21/2029         33,040       32,600       32,782  
Appfire Technologies, LLC
  1500 District Ave,, Burlington, MA, 01803   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     3/9/2028         20,059       19,987       20,060  
Appfire Technologies, LLC
  1500 District Ave,, Burlington, MA, 01803   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     3/9/2028         361       333       361  
Appfire Technologies, LLC
  1500 District Ave,, Burlington, MA, 01803   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 3.75%     11.75     3/9/2028         —        (1     —   
Artifact Bidco, Inc.
  3300 Triumph Blvd. Ste. 800. Lehi, UT 84043   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.10     7/1/2031         31,700       31,388       31,700  
Artifact Bidco, Inc.
  3300 Triumph Blvd. Ste. 800. Lehi, UT 84043   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.10     7/1/2031         —        (38     —   
Artifact Bidco, Inc.
  3300 Triumph Blvd. Ste. 800. Lehi, UT 84043   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 4.50%     9.10     7/1/2030         —        (54     —   
AuditBoard
  12900 Park Plaza Drive, Suite 200, Cerritos, CA 90703   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     7/12/2031         22,200       21,983       21,983  
AuditBoard
  12900 Park Plaza Drive, Suite 200, Cerritos, CA 90703   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     7/12/2031         —        (51     (51
AuditBoard
  12900 Park Plaza Drive, Suite 200, Cerritos, CA 90703   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 4.75%     9.35     7/12/2031         —        (41     (41
Bottomline Technologies, Inc.
  325 Corporate Drive , Portsmouth, New Hampshire 03801-6808   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.17     5/14/2029         3,665       3,610       3,662  
Bottomline Technologies, Inc.
  325 Corporate Drive , Portsmouth, New Hampshire 03801-6808   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.17     5/15/2028         —        (3     —   
CLEO Communications Holding, LLC
  4949 Harrison Ave. Suite #200 Rockford, IL 61108   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.46     6/9/2027         39,798       39,593       39,798  
CLEO Communications Holding, LLC
  4949 Harrison Ave. Suite #200 Rockford, IL 61108   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.46     6/9/2027         —        (56     —   
Coupa Holdings, LLC
  1855 South Grant Street, San Mateo, CA 94402 United States   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.75     2/27/2030         2,258       2,211       2,238  
Coupa Holdings, LLC
  1855 South Grant Street, San Mateo, CA 94402 United States   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.75     2/27/2030         —        (10     (10
Coupa Holdings, LLC
  1855 South Grant Street, San Mateo, CA 94402 United States   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.75     2/27/2029         —        (15     (8
 
44

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Cyara AcquisitionCo, LLC
  805 Veterans Blvd, Suite 105, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75% (incl. 2.25% PIK)     10.35     6/28/2029         5,798       5,682       5,766  
Cyara AcquisitionCo, LLC
  805 Veterans Blvd, Suite 105, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75% (incl. 2.25% PIK)     10.35     6/28/2029         —        (7     (2
Diligent Corporation
  111 West 33rd St., 16th Floor, New York, NY 10120   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.09     8/2/2030         28,138       27,937       28,039  
Diligent Corporation
  111 West 33rd St., 16th Floor, New York, NY 10120   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.09     8/2/2030         —        (29     (14
Diligent Corporation
  111 West 33rd St., 16th Floor, New York, NY 10120   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.09     8/2/2030         —        (19     (10
E-Discovery
AcquireCo, LLC
  145 S. Wells St., Suite 500, Chicago, IL 60606   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.49     8/29/2029         19,505       19,104       19,380  
E-Discovery
AcquireCo, LLC
  145 S. Wells St., Suite 500, Chicago, IL 60606   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.49     8/29/2029         —        (33     (10
Everbridge Holdings, LLC
  25 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.33     7/2/2031         39,380       39,188       39,188  
Everbridge Holdings, LLC
  25 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.33     7/2/2031         4,373       4,336       4,336  
Everbridge Holdings, LLC
  25 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     10.33     7/2/2031         —        (22     (22
Formstack Acquisition Co
  11671 Lantern Road, Suite 300, Fishers, IN 46038   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.10     3/28/2030         10,917       10,764       10,819  
Formstack Acquisition Co
  11671 Lantern Road, Suite 300, Fishers, IN 46038   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.10     3/28/2030         1,096       1,058       1,056  
Formstack Acquisition Co
  11671 Lantern Road, Suite 300, Fishers, IN 46038   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.10     3/28/2030         —        (30     (20
Fullsteam Operations, LLC
  540 Devall Drive, Suite 301,, Auburn, AL   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 8.25%     13.46     11/27/2029         10,860       10,566       10,860  
Fullsteam Operations, LLC
  540 Devall Drive, Suite 301,, Auburn, AL   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 8.25%     13.46     11/27/2029         4,650       4,482       4,650  
Fullsteam Operations, LLC
  540 Devall Drive, Suite 301,, Auburn, AL   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 8.25%     13.46     11/27/2029         —        (16     —   
Granicus, Inc.
  1999 Broadway,Suite 3600, Denver, CO 80202   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25% (incl. 2.25% PIK)     10.10     1/17/2031         12,832       12,716       12,832  
Granicus, Inc.
  1999 Broadway,Suite 3600, Denver, CO 80202   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25% (incl. 2.25% PIK)     10.10     1/17/2031         6,945       6,876       6,870  
Granicus, Inc.
  1999 Broadway,Suite 3600, Denver, CO 80202   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 4.25%     12.25     1/17/2031         —        (16     —   
GS AcquisitionCo, Inc.
  8529 Six Forks Rd., Raleigh, NC 27615   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     5/25/2028         74,743       74,349       74,743  
GS AcquisitionCo, Inc.
  8529 Six Forks Rd., Raleigh, NC 27615   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     5/25/2028         —        —        —   
GS AcquisitionCo, Inc.
  8529 Six Forks Rd., Raleigh, NC 27615   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     9.85     5/25/2028         320       306       320  
Hootsuite Inc.
  111 East 5th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5T 4L1, Canada   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.19     5/22/2030         22,444       22,122       22,134  
Hootsuite Inc.
  111 East 5th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5T 4L1, Canada   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.19     5/22/2030         —        (35     (35
Icefall Parent, Inc.
  30 Braintree Hill Office Park, Suite 101, Braintree, MA 02184   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.35     1/25/2030         5,323       5,225       5,212  
Icefall Parent, Inc.
  30 Braintree Hill Office Park, Suite 101, Braintree, MA 02184   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.50%     11.35     1/25/2030         —        (9     (11
Kaseya, Inc.
  701 Brickell Avenue Suite 400, Miami, FL, 33131   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00% (incl. 2.50% PIK)     10.75     6/25/2029         14,364       14,208       14,364  
Kaseya, Inc.
  701 Brickell Avenue Suite 400, Miami, FL, 33131   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00% (incl. 2.50% PIK)     10.75     6/25/2029         220       215       220  
Kaseya, Inc.
  701 Brickell Avenue Suite 400, Miami, FL, 33131   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00% (incl. 2.50% PIK)     10.75     6/25/2029         216       208       216  
LegitScript, LLC
  818 SW 3rd Ave #353, Portland, OR 97204   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.60     6/24/2029         26,367       25,976       26,367  
LegitScript, LLC
  818 SW 3rd Ave #353, Portland, OR 97204   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.60     6/24/2029         697       687       697  
LegitScript, LLC
  818 SW 3rd Ave #353, Portland, OR 97204   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.60     6/24/2028         1,333       1,282       1,333  
LogRhythm, Inc.
  385 Interlocken Crescent #1050, Broomfield, CO 80021   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 7.50%     12.10     7/2/2029         9,091       8,828       8,828  
LogRhythm, Inc.
  385 Interlocken Crescent #1050, Broomfield, CO 80021   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 7.50%     12.10     7/2/2029         —        (26     (26
Montana Buyer, Inc.
  1501 Highwoods Blvd., Suite
200-A,
Greensboro, NC, 27410
  Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     9.85     7/22/2029         8,533       8,471       8,533  
Montana Buyer, Inc.
  1501 Highwoods Blvd., Suite
200-A,
Greensboro, NC, 27410
  Software   First Lien Debt   S + 4.00%     12.00     7/22/2028         139       133       139  
 
45

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Nasuni Corporation
  One Marina Park Drive, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02210   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.69     9/10/2030         14,483       14,267       14,267  
Nasuni Corporation
  One Marina Park Drive, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02210   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.69     9/10/2030         —        (45     (45
Netwrix Corporation And Concept Searching, Inc.
  300 Spectrum Center Drive, Suite 200 Irvine, CA 92618   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.56     6/11/2029         6,919       6,868       6,912  
Netwrix Corporation And Concept Searching, Inc.
  300 Spectrum Center Drive, Suite 200 Irvine, CA 92618   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.56     6/11/2029         —        (3     —   
Oak Purchaser, Inc.
  3520 Green Court, Suite 250, Ann Arbor, MI 48105   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     9.75     4/28/2028         3,336       3,307       3,300  
Oak Purchaser, Inc.
  3520 Green Court, Suite 250, Ann Arbor, MI 48105   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     9.75     4/28/2028         1,861       1,841       1,830  
Oak Purchaser, Inc.
  3520 Green Court, Suite 250, Ann Arbor, MI 48105   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     9.75     4/28/2028         —        (2     (4
Pound Bidco, Inc.
  350 Burnhamthorpe Road West Suite 1000, Mississauga, ON, L5B 3J1, Canada   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.35     2/1/2027         21,398       21,216       21,341  
Pound Bidco, Inc.
  350 Burnhamthorpe Road West Suite 1000, Mississauga, ON, L5B 3J1, Canada   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.35     2/1/2027         333       333       327  
Pound Bidco, Inc.
  350 Burnhamthorpe Road West Suite 1000, Mississauga, ON, L5B 3J1, Canada   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 6.00%     11.35     2/1/2027         150       141       147  
Project Leopard Holdings, Inc.
  15211 Laguna Canyon Road, Irvine, CA 92618   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.25%     10.60     7/20/2029         6,170       5,842       5,516  
Reorganized Mobileum Acquisition Co, LLC
  20813 Stevens Creek Boulevard Suite 200, Cupertino, CA 95014   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.00%     13.00     11/9/2029         184       184       184  
Revalize, Inc.
  8800 W Baymeadows Way #500, Jacksonville, FL 32256   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.50     4/15/2027         19,307       19,249       18,130  
Revalize, Inc.
  8800 W Baymeadows Way #500, Jacksonville, FL 32256   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.50     4/15/2027         39       39       35  
Riskonnect Parent, LLC
  1701 Barrett Lakes Blvd., Suite 500 Kennesaw, GA 30144   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.12     12/7/2028         5,694       5,595       5,628  
Riskonnect Parent, LLC
  1701 Barrett Lakes Blvd., Suite 500 Kennesaw, GA 30144   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.12     12/7/2028         4,197       4,109       4,134  
Riskonnect Parent, LLC
  1701 Barrett Lakes Blvd., Suite 500 Kennesaw, GA 30144   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.12     12/7/2028         —        (16     (11
Securonix, Inc.
  5080 Spectrum Drive Suite 950 West, Addison, TX 75001   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00%     12.32     4/5/2028         21,010       20,768       19,027  
Securonix, Inc.
  5080 Spectrum Drive Suite 950 West, Addison, TX 75001   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00%     12.32     4/5/2028         85       47       (272
Trunk Acquisition, Inc.
  3200 Rice Mine Road NE, Tuscaloosa, AL 35406   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.50     2/19/2027         8,891       8,845       8,822  
Trunk Acquisition, Inc.
  3200 Rice Mine Road NE, Tuscaloosa, AL 35406   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 5.75%     10.50     2/19/2026         —        (3     (7
User Zoom Technologies, Inc.
  1801 Broadway, Suite 720, Denver, CO, 80202   Software   First Lien Debt   S + 7.00%     12.25     4/5/2029         38,689       38,121       38,689  
Mobile Communications America, Inc.
  135 North Church Street, Suite 310, Spartanburg, SC 29306   Wireless Telecommunication Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.26     10/16/2029         5,910       5,832       5,910  
Mobile Communications America, Inc.
  135 North Church Street, Suite 310, Spartanburg, SC 29306   Wireless Telecommunication Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.26     10/16/2029         258       244       258  
Mobile Communications America, Inc.
  135 North Church Street, Suite 310, Spartanburg, SC 29306   Wireless Telecommunication Services   First Lien Debt   S + 5.50%     10.26     10/16/2029         —        (12     —   
PAI Holdco, Inc.
  3 Dakota Drive, Suite 110, New Hyde Park, NY 11042   Automobile Components   Second Lien Debt   S + 7.50% (incl. 2.00% PIK)     12.90     10/28/2028         26,972       26,522       24,041  
Sweep Midco, LLC
  4141 Rockside Road, Suite 100, Cleveland, OH 44131   Commercial Services & Supplies   Second Lien Debt         3/12/2036         4,872       —        —   
Sweep Midco, LLC
  4141 Rockside Road, Suite 100, Cleveland, OH 44131   Commercial Services & Supplies   Second Lien Debt         3/12/2034         1,674       836       837  
Infinite Bidco, LLC
  17792 Fitch, Irvine, California 92614   Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components   Second Lien Debt   S + 7.00%     11.84     3/2/2029         25,500       25,452       21,208  
 
46

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
QBS Parent, Inc.
  4550 Post Oak Place Dr #202 Houston, TX 77027   Energy Equipment & Services   Second Lien Debt   S + 8.50%     13.45     9/21/2026         15,000       14,888       15,000  
Heartland Veterinary Partners, LLC
  10 South LaSalle Street, Suite 2120, Chicago, IL 60603   Health Care Providers & Services   Second Lien Debt   14.50% PIK     14.50     12/10/2027         4,102       4,054       4,090  
Heartland Veterinary Partners, LLC
  10 South LaSalle Street, Suite 2120, Chicago, IL 60603   Health Care Providers & Services   Second Lien Debt   14.50% PIK     14.50     12/10/2027         1,595       1,576       1,591  
Help/Systems Holdings, Inc.
  6455 City West Parkway, Eden Prairie, MN 55344   IT Services   Second Lien Debt   S + 6.75%     11.70     11/19/2027         17,500       17,500       14,700  
Idera, Inc.
  Brookhollow Central III, 2950 North Loop Freeway West, Suite 700, Houston, TX 77092   IT Services   Second Lien Debt   S + 6.75%     12.15     3/2/2029         2,607       2,594       2,607  
Any Hour, LLC
  1374 130 S, Orem, Utah 84058   Diversified Consumer Services   Other Debt   13.00% PIK     13.00     5/23/2031         6,166       6,052       6,070  
Familia Intermediate Holdings I Corp. (Teasdale Latin Foods)
  3041 Churchill Dr. Ste 100,, Flower Mound, TX, 75022-2733   Food Products   Other Debt   16.25% PIK     16.25     6/18/2026         1,500       1,500       759  
Fetch Insurance Services, LLC
  101 Greenwich St., New York City, New York, USA   Insurance Services   Other Debt   12.75% (incl. 3.75% PIK)     12.75     10/31/2027         2,010       1,973       1,980  
FORTIS Solutions Group, LLC
  2505 Hawkeye Court, Virginia Beach, VA 23452   Containers & Packaging   Preferred Equity   12.25%     —        —          1,000,000       1,295       980  
Eclipse Topco, Inc.
  3700 North Capital of Texas, Highway, Suite 420, Austin, Texas   Diversified Consumer Services   Preferred Equity   12.5% PIK     —        —          120       1,175       1,175  
Vardiman Black Holdings, LLC
  401 Church St., Ste. 1900, Nashville, TN 37219   Health Care Providers & Services   Preferred Equity   6.00% PIK     —        —          2,649,446       1,768       1,166  
Integrity Marketing Acquisition, LLC
  9111 Cypress Waters Boulevard, Suite 450, Dallas, TX 75019   Insurance Services   Preferred Equity   10.50%     —        —          3,250,000       4,285       4,193  
Verdantas, LLC
  6397 Emerald Parkway, Suite 200, Dublin, OH 43016   Professional Services   Preferred Equity   10.00%     —        —          473,220       473       563  
Diligent Corporation
  111 West 33rd St., 16th Floor, New York, NY 10120   Software   Preferred Equity   10.50%     —        —          5,000       6,674       7,105  
Knockout Intermediate Holdings I, Inc.
  701 Brickell Avenue Suite 400, Miami, FL, 33131   Software   Preferred Equity   11.75%     —        —          2,790       3,465       3,624  
Revalize, Inc.
  8800 W Baymeadows Way #500, Jacksonville, FL 32256   Software   Preferred Equity   S + 10.00%     —        —          2,255       3,073       3,127  
RSK Holdings, Inc. (Riskonnect)
  1701 Barrett Lakes Blvd., Suite 500 Kennesaw, GA 30144   Software   Preferred Equity   S + 10.50%     —        —          1,012,200       1,323       1,396  
PCX Holding Corp.
  300 Fenn Rd, Newington, CT 06111   Aerospace & Defense   Common Equity       —        —        0.6     6,538       654       515  
Shelby
Co-invest,
LP (Spectrum Automotive)
  302 Bridges Rd Suite 240, Fairfield, NJ 07004   Automobile Components   Common Equity       —        —        0.2     8,500       850       1,394  
Encore Holdings, LLC
  70 Bacon Street, Pawtucket, RI 02860   Commercial Services & Supplies   Common Equity       —        —        0.2     3,013       396       1,077  
Procure Acquiom Financial, LLC (Procure Analytics)
  3101 Towercreek, Parkway, Suite 500 Atlanta, GA, Cobb County   Commercial Services & Supplies   Common Equity       —        —        0.4     1,000,000       1,000       1,350  
Surewerx Topco, LP
  49 Schooner Street, Coquitlam, BC V3K 0B3.   Commercial Services & Supplies   Common Equity       —        —        0.2     512       512       679  
BP Purchaser, LLC
  B O X Partners, LLC, 2650 Galvin Drive, Elgin, IL 60124   Containers & Packaging   Common Equity       —        —        1.0     1,383,156       1,379       738  
BP Purchaser, LLC Rights
  B O X Partners, LLC, 2650 Galvin Drive, Elgin, IL 60124   Containers & Packaging   Common Equity       —        —        1.0     1,666,989       75       83  
LUV Car Wash
  2218 E Williams Field Road, Suite 225, Gilbert, AZ   Diversified Consumer Services   Common Equity       —        —        1.0     123       123       81  
Pet Holdings, Inc. (Brightpet)
  38281 Industrial Park Road, Lisbon, OH 44432   Food Products   Common Equity       —        —        1.5     17,543       2,013       1,367  
mPulse Mobile, Inc.
  16530 Ventura Blvd, Suite 500, Encino, CA 91436   Health Care Providers & Services   Common Equity       —        —        0.4     165,761       1,220       1,338  
SDB Holdco, LLC
  401 Church St., Ste. 1900, Nashville, TN 37219   Health Care Providers & Services   Common Equity       —        —        2.6     5,460,555       —        —   
Suveto Buyer, LLC
  1000 Texan Trail #270, Grapevine, TX 76051   Health Care Providers & Services   Common Equity       —        —        0.4     19,257       1,926       1,859  
 
47

Investments-non-controlled/

non-affiliated
 
Address
 
Industry
 
Type of
Investment
 
Reference
Rate
and Spread
 
Interest
Rate
   
Maturity
Date
   
% of
Class
   
Par
Amount/

Shares
   
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Amerilife Holdings, LLC
  2650 McCormick Drive Suite 300L, Clearwater, FL 33759   Insurance Services   Common Equity       —        —        0.0     908       25       47  
Frisbee Holdings, LP (Fetch)
  101 Greenwich St., New York City, New York, USA   Insurance Services   Common Equity       —        —        0.5     21,744       277       307  
CSC Thrive Holdings, LP (Thrive Networks)
  25 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 3, Foxborough, MA 02035   IT Services   Common Equity       —        —        0.2     162,309       421       841  
Help HP SCF Investor, LP (Help/Systems)
  6455 City West Parkway, Eden Prairie, MN 55344   IT Services   Common Equity       —        —        0.2     9,619,564       12,460       15,584  
Recovery Point Systems, Inc.
  75 West Watkins Mill Road, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878   IT Services   Common Equity       —        —        1.3     1,000,000       1,000       570  
Abacus Data Holdings, Inc. (AbacusNext)
  4850 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, CA, 92121   Professional Services   Common Equity       —        —        0.5     67,388       2,981       1,368  
Verdantas, LLC
  6397 Emerald Parkway, Suite 200, Dublin, OH 43016   Professional Services   Common Equity       —        —        0.4     4,780       5       6  
Pritchard Industries, LLC
  150 E 42nd St, New York, NY 10017   Real Estate Management & Development   Common Equity       —        —        0.8     1,882,739       1,938       1,676  
Fullsteam Operations, LLC
  540 Devall Drive, Suite 301,, Auburn, AL   Software   Common Equity       —        —        0.1     2,966       100       161  
Reorganized Mobileum Grandparent, LLC
  20813 Stevens Creek Boulevard Suite 200, Cupertino, CA 95014   Software   Common Equity       —        —        0.3     25,375       —        —   
Reveal Data Solutions
  145 S. Wells St., Suite 500, Chicago, IL 60606   Software   Common Equity           0.3     477,846       621       769  
                 
 
 
   
 
 
 
                 
$
3,662,618
 
 
$
3,640,324
 
                 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
48

PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
Our Adviser, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley, was established in 2007 and serves as the investment adviser for various funds, accounts and strategies, including the funds and accounts on the MS Private Credit platform, including the MS BDCs. The Adviser has established the Investment Committee to be responsible for the Company’s investment decisions and it is comprised of senior investment professionals of IM and is chaired by our Chief Executive Officer and President and member of our Board of Directors, Jeffrey S. Levin, who we consider to be our portfolio manager. The Investment Committee also serves as the investment committee for the other MS BDCs. All investment decisions are reviewed and approved by the Investment Committee, which has principal responsibility for approving new investments and overseeing the management of existing investments.
With over an average of 24 years of experience, the members of the Investment Committee have significant investing, leveraged finance and risk management experience and provide valuable diligence insights to the Investment Team. The Investment Team leverages the broad
experience-set
of the Investment Committee to evaluate transactions and develop a framework for seeking appropriate risk-adjusted returns and risk mitigation strategies for target investments.
The members of the Investment Committee are: David N. Miller, Jeffrey S. Levin, Jeffrey Day, Kunal Soni, David Kulakofsky, Sean Sullivan, Ashwin Krishnan, Henry ‘Hank’ D’Alessandro, Toby Norris and Peter Ma.
Biographies of Investment Committee Members
David N. Miller
has served as the Chair of the Board of Directors since October 2019 and has served in the same capacity for each of the other MS BDCs since their formation. Mr. Miller is the Global Head of Private Credit & Equity at Morgan Stanley and a member of the MSIM operating committee. He also serves as the chair of the board of directors of each of the other MS BDCs. Mr. Miller joined Morgan Stanley in August 2016 and has over 25 years of investing experience. Prior to joining Morgan Stanley, from 2012 to January 2016, Mr. Miller was the President and Chief Executive Officer of Silver Bay Realty Trust Corp., or Silver Bay, a publicly traded real estate investment trust he
co-founded
in 2011 to capitalize on the significant dislocation in the residential housing market. Prior to Silver Bay, Mr. Miller was a Managing Director at Pine River Capital Management and Two Harbors Investment Corp. where he focused on investment strategy and new business development. During the global financial crisis (2008 - 2011), Mr. Miller served in various roles at the U.S. Department of Treasury, or Treasury, including as the Chief Investment Officer of the Troubled Asset Relief Program where he created complex crisis response investment programs and managed its $700 billion portfolio. Prior to Treasury, Mr. Miller held various investment roles, including as a portfolio manager at HBK Investments and in the Special Situations Group at Goldman Sachs & Co., where he focused on opportunistic investments in public and private debt and equity. Mr. Miller received an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School and a B.A. magna cum laude in Economics from Dartmouth College where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. Mr. Miller’s investing experience and experience as a senior officer of several finance companies led our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee to conclude that Mr. Miller is qualified to serve as a Director.
Jeffrey S. Levin
has served as our Chief Executive Officer, President and a member of the Board of Directors since October 2019 and has served in the same capacity for the each of other MS BDCs since their formation. Mr. Levin is
Co-Head
of Morgan Stanley’s North America Private Credit team, where he serves on the Chair of the Direct Lending Investment Committee and is the Portfolio Manager and the Head of Direct Lending. Mr. Levin also serves as
Co-Portfolio
Manager of the Senior Loan Fund investment strategy. Prior to rejoining Morgan Stanley in February 2019, Mr. Levin was a Partner and Managing Director at The Carlyle Group and a part of the management team for The Carlyle Group’s Direct Lending Platform. In addition, Mr. Levin served as President of The Carlyle Group’s BDCs from May 2016 to February 2019. From 2012 to May 2016, Mr. Levin served as the Head of Origination for The Carlyle Group’s Direct Lending platform. Prior to joining The Carlyle Group in 2012, Mr. Levin was a founding member of the MS Private Credit platform,
 
49

where he was responsible for originating, structuring and executing credit and private equity investments across various industries. Prior to that role, Mr. Levin was a member of the Leveraged & Acquisition Finance Group at Morgan Stanley, where he was responsible for originating and executing high yield bond and leveraged loan transactions. Mr. Levin received a B.B.A. from Emory University. Mr. Levin’s investing experience and experience as a senior officer of other BDCs led our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee to conclude that Mr. Levin is qualified to serve as a Director.
Jeffrey Day
has served on the Adviser’s Investment Committee since 2019. Mr. Day is a Managing Director of Morgan Stanley, Head of Direct Lending Capital Markets and Business Development and a member of the executive team for the Direct Lending strategy and a member of the MS Private Credit Investment Committees. Mr. Day joined Morgan Stanley in 2019 and is a Managing Director at IM. He brings more than 24 years of relevant middle-market private credit investing and leveraged finance experience. Prior to joining Morgan Stanley, Mr. Day was a Managing Director at Madison Capital Funding and was involved in sponsor coverage, capital markets, and fundraising. Prior to Madison Capital, he worked in various underwriting, portfolio management, capital markets and relationship management roles at JP Morgan Chase, CapitalSource Finance and GE Capital. Mr. Day earned a BBA in Finance from the Goizueta Business School at Emory University and his MBA in Finance and Management & Strategy from the J.L. Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University.
Kunal Soni
has served on the Adviser’s Investment Committee since 2019. Mr. Soni is a Managing Director of Morgan Stanley, Head of Direct Lending - Western Region, Head of Direct Lending Technology and a member of the executive team for the Direct Lending strategy and a member of the MS Private Credit Investment Committees. Prior to joining MS Private Credit in December 2019, Mr. Soni was Head of the Western Region and Head of the Technology vertical for The Carlyle Group’s Direct Lending strategy from 2015 to 2019. Before joining The Carlyle Group, Mr. Soni was Head of the Western Region for Medley Management, or Medley, from September 2013 to February 2015. Prior to Medley, Mr. Soni was a Founding Partner and Head of the Western Region for THL Credit (the credit affiliate of THL Partners) from 2007 to 2012. Mr. Soni and two other Partners spun off from Bison Capital Asset Management, a structured equity firm focused only on
non-sponsored
companies, to launch THL Credit in July 2007 (THL Credit went public in April 2010 on the Nasdaq under the ticker symbol “TCRD”). Prior to THL Credit / Bison Capital, Mr. Soni served in the Investment Banking division of J.P. Morgan and Audit and Transaction Services Group of KPMG LLP. Mr. Soni earned his BA from Emory University.
David Kulakofsky
has served on the Adviser’s Investment Committee since 2020. Mr. Kulakofsky is a Managing Director of Morgan Stanley, Head of Direct Lending Underwriting and a member of the executive team for the Direct Lending strategy and a member of the MS Private Credit Investment Committees. Prior to joining MS Private Credit in April 2020, Mr. Kulakofsky was Head of Madison Capital Funding’s Software & Technology Services team and a member of Madison’s Investment Committee. Mr. Kulakofsky joined Madison Capital at its inception in 2001 as an Associate and was a Vice President and Underwriting Team Leader before transitioning to an origination role in 2007. Prior to joining Madison Capital, Mr. Kulakofsky was an Analyst in the Investment Banking group at Robert W. Baird & Co., focusing primarily on industrial M&A transactions. Mr. Kulakofsky earned a B.A. in Economics with a minor in Sociology from Northwestern University and an MBA in Analytical Finance from the J.L. Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University.
Sean Sullivan
has served on the Adviser’s Investment Committee since 2020. Mr. Sullivan is a Managing Director of Morgan Stanley, Head of Direct Lending Origination and a member of the executive team for the Direct Lending strategy and a member of the MS Private Credit Investment Committees. Prior to joining MS Private Credit in June 2020, Mr. Sullivan was a Managing Director at Antares Capital, responsible for originating, structuring, and executing private credit investments. Before Antares, Mr. Sullivan was a Managing Director at Solar Capital. Prior to Solar Capital, Mr. Sullivan was a Senior Vice President of Originations at GE Capital focused on the TMT vertical. He also held capital markets structuring and finance positions at GE Capital. Mr. Sullivan graduated from the University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill.
 
50

Ashwin Krishnan
has served on the Adviser’s Investment Committee since 2019. Mr. Krishnan is
Co-Head
of North America Private Credit and a
Co-Portfolio
Manager of the Opportunistic Credit strategy at Morgan Stanley, a Managing Director of Morgan Stanley and a
Co-Portfolio
Manager of the North Haven Credit Partners strategy. He joined Morgan Stanley in 2003 and has more than 22 years of experience. Prior to joining Morgan Stanley, Mr. Krishnan was in the Communications Investment Banking group at UBS. Mr. Krishnan holds an M.S. in Engineering from Columbia University and a B.S. in Industrial Engineering from Bangalore University, India.
Henry ‘Hank’ D’Alessandro
has served on the Adviser’s Investment Committee since 2019. Mr. D’Alessandro is a Managing Director of Morgan Stanley and is the Vice Chairman of Morgan Stanley’s North America Private Credit team, where he serves on the Investment Committee and is a Senior Advisor of the Credit Partners opportunistic credit strategy. Mr D’Alessadro also serves as co-portfolio manager and head of credit of North Haven Net REIT. Mr. D’Alessandro joined Morgan Stanley in 1997 and has over 30 years of relevant industry experience. Prior to his current role, Mr. D’Alessandro was Vice Chairman of North American Leveraged and Acquisition Finance and Head of U.S. Financial Sponsor Leveraged Finance. Prior to joining Morgan Stanley, he was a Vice President at Chase Securities, Inc. and an Audit Manager at KPMG Peat Marwick. Mr. D’Alessandro earned a B.S., magna cum laude, from Seton Hall University and an MBA from Cornell University.
Toby Norris
has served on the Adviser’s Investment Committee since 2019. Mr. Norris is Chief Operating Officer and Head of Risk Management for Private Investing at IM. Mr. Norris joined Morgan Stanley in 2011 and risk management experience. Prior to this role Mr. Norris was the head of risk for Merchant Banking and Real Estate Investing. Prior to joining the Firm, Mr. Norris was a senior risk executive at Bank of America Merrill Lynch responsible for managing all credit risk exposure to large corporate borrowers in North America in the general industrials, gaming, sports and other sectors. From 2005 to 2008, Mr. Norris held a series of management positions in Global Risk Management at Merrill Lynch, and was a Managing Director with responsibility for global capital commitments prior to the merger with Bank of America. From 1997 to 2005, Mr. Norris was a leveraged finance and media banker at Merrill Lynch. Mr. Norris received a B.A. in economics from Trinity College and an M.B.A. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Peter Ma
has served on the Adviser’s Investment Committee since 2021. Mr. Ma is a Managing Director of Morgan Stanley, a member of the executive team for the Credit Partners strategy. Prior to joining MS Private Credit in 2021, Mr. Ma was a Partner and Managing Director at Colbeck Capital, responsible for sourcing opportunities and leading investment execution, including diligence, documentation, and portfolio management. Before Colbeck, Mr. Ma was an investment banker at MESA Securities where he advised media and entertainment companies on mergers, acquisitions, and capital raising, with a focus on structured solutions. Mr. Ma graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics.
The foregoing lists of personnel may not be complete lists and are subject to change, at any time, at the discretion of the Adviser, and no assurance can be given that such personnel will remain in their current positions or retain their current functions with regard to the platform or the Company. Also, the Adviser may change the scope of senior management, portfolio management or the Investment Committee’s responsibilities from time to time, or may conduct periodic portfolio reviews through other internal management committees within guidelines and constraints approved by the Investment Committee. The Adviser undertakes no obligation to update the foregoing description relating to senior management, portfolio management or the Investment Committee in the event of a change in personnel or in the scope of responsibilities.
The members of the Investment Committee do not receive any direct compensation from the Company. As of September 30, 2024, Mr. Levin, our portfolio manager, has principal responsibility for approving new investments and overseeing the management of the existing investments of the MS BDCs, which include the Company, T Series, PIF, PIF A, LGAM and SLIF II and which MS BDCs had $17.3 billion in committed capital and advisory fees based on performance, with the exception of SLIF II which does not have advisory fees based on performance, and 3 pooled investment vehicles which had $1.2 billion in committed capital and advisory fees
 
51

based on performance. He also has shared responsibility for approving new investments and overseeing the management of the existing investments for 2 pooled investment vehicles which had $0.5 billion in committed capital and advisory fees based on performance. Committed capital includes
fee-paying
capital committed since inception and committed capital is calculated as aggregate capital commitments or equity raised and total committed leverage within each of the funds or accounts with exception for funds past their investment period, where committed capital is calculated as invested capital.
 
52

DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
We conduct the valuation of assets at all times consistent with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and the 1940 Act. Our Board of Directors, with the assistance of our Audit Committee, determines the fair value of our assets, for assets with a daily public market, and for assets with no readily available public market, on at least a quarterly basis, in accordance with the terms of ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements, or ASC 820. The Board of Directors has delegated to the Adviser as valuation designee, the Valuation Designee, the responsibility of determining the fair value of the Company’s investment portfolio, subject to oversight of the Board of Directors, pursuant to Rule
2a-5
under the 1940 Act. As such, the Valuation Designee is charged with determining the fair value of the Company’s investment portfolio, subject to oversight of the Board of Directors. Our valuation procedures are set forth in more detail below.
ASC 820 defines fair value as “the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.” Fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. For some assets and liabilities, observable market transactions or market information might be available. For other assets and liabilities, observable market transactions and market information might not be available. However, the objective of a fair value measurement in both cases is the
same-to
estimate the price when an orderly transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions (that is, an exit price at the measurement date from the perspective of a market participant that holds the asset or owes the liability).
Securities that are illiquid or for which the pricing source does not provide a valuation or methodology or provides a valuation or methodology that, in the judgment of the Valuation Designee or our Board of Directors, does not represent fair value, each is valued as of the measurement date using all techniques appropriate under the circumstances and for which sufficient data is available. These valuation techniques may vary by investment but include comparable public market valuations, comparable precedent transaction valuations and discounted cash flow analyses. Debt investments are generally fair valued using discounted cash flow analyses technique. Expected cash flows are projected based on contractual terms and discounted back to the measurement date based on a discount rate. The discount rate is determined based upon an assessment of current and expected yields for similar investments and risk profiles. The process used to determine the applicable value is as follows:
 
  1.
each portfolio company or investment is initially valued using a standardized template designed to approximate fair market value based on observable market inputs and updated credit statistics and unobservable inputs;
 
  2.
preliminary valuation conclusions are documented and reviewed by a valuation committee comprised of members of our Adviser’s senior management;
 
  3.
our Board of Directors or Valuation Designee engages independent third-party valuation firms to provide positive assurance on a portion of our illiquid investments each quarter (such that each illiquid investment is reviewed by an independent valuation firm at least once on a rolling twelve-month basis) including review of management’s preliminary valuation and conclusion of fair value;
 
  4.
our Audit Committee reviews the assessments of the Valuation Designee and the independent third-party valuation firms and provides our Board of Directors with recommendations with respect to the fair value of each investment in our portfolio; and
 
  5.
our Board of Directors discusses the valuation recommendations of our Audit Committee and determine the fair value of each investment in our portfolio in good faith based on the input of the Valuation Designee and, where applicable, the third-party valuation firm.
The fair value is generally determined based on the assessment of the following factors, as relevant:
 
   
the nature and realizable value of any collateral;
 
53

   
call features, put features and other relevant terms of debt;
 
   
the portfolio company’s leverage and ability to make payments;
 
   
the portfolio company’s public or “private letter” credit ratings;
 
   
the portfolio company’s actual and expected earnings and cash flow;
 
   
prevailing interest rates for like securities and expected volatility in future interest rates;
 
   
the markets in which the issuer does business and recent economic and/or market events; and
 
   
comparisons to publicly traded securities.
Investment performance data utilized will be the most recently available as of the measurement date which in many cases may reflect up to a one quarter lag in information.
Our Board of Directors is ultimately responsible for the determination, in good faith, of the fair value of our portfolio investments.
Determination of fair value involves subjective judgments and estimates. Accordingly, the notes to our financial statements will express the uncertainty with respect to the possible effect of such valuations, and any change in such valuations, on our financial statements.
 
54

DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN
We have adopted an “opt out” DRIP that provides for reinvestment of our dividends and other distributions on behalf of our stockholders, unless a stockholder elects to receive cash as provided below. As a result, if our Board of Directors authorizes, and we declare, a cash dividend or other distribution, then our stockholders who have not “opted out” of our DRIP will have their cash dividends or distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of our common stock, rather than receiving cash.
No action is required on the part of a registered stockholder to have their cash dividend or other distribution reinvested in shares of our common stock. A registered stockholder may elect to receive an entire distribution in cash by notifying the plan administrator and our transfer agent and registrar in writing so that such notice is received by the plan administrator no later than 10 days prior to the record date for distributions to stockholders. The plan administrator will set up an account for each stockholder to acquire shares of common stock in
non-certificated
form through the plan if such stockholders have elected to receive their distributions in shares of common stock. Those stockholders who hold shares of common stock through a broker or other financial intermediary may receive dividends and other distributions in cash by notifying their broker or other financial intermediary of their election.
Our Board of Directors reserves the right, subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, to either issue new shares of common stock or to make open market purchases of shares of common stock for the accounts of participants or a combination of each. The number of shares of common stock to be issued to a participant is determined by dividing the total dollar amount of the distribution payable to such stockholder by the market price per share of our common stock at the close of regular trading on The New York Stock Exchange on the date of such distribution and/or the price to be paid by us to acquire shares of common stock on The New York Stock Exchange pursuant to the DRIP, provided that in the event the market price per share on the date of such distribution exceeds the most recently computed net asset value per share, we will issue shares at the greater of the most recently computed net asset value per share or 95% of the current market price per share (or such lesser discount to the current market price per share that still exceeds the most recently computed net asset value per share). The market price per share on that date will be the closing price for such shares on The New York Stock Exchange or, if no sale is reported for such day, at the average of their reported bid and asked prices. There will be no brokerage or other charges to stockholders who participate in the plan. The DRIP administrator’s fees under the plan will be paid by us.
Stockholders who receive dividends and other distributions in the form of shares of common stock are generally subject to the same U.S. federal, state and local tax consequences as are stockholders who elect to receive their distributions in cash. However, since a participating stockholder’s cash dividends would be reinvested in shares of our common stock, such stockholder will not receive cash with which to pay any applicable taxes on reinvested dividends. A stockholder’s basis for determining gain or loss upon the sale of shares of common stock received in a dividend or other distribution from us will generally be equal to the cash that would have been received if the stockholder had received the distribution in cash. Any shares of common stock received in a dividend or other distribution will have a new holding period for tax purposes commencing on the day following the day on which such shares are credited to the U.S. holder’s account.
No fractional shares of common stock will be issued pursuant to the DRIP, and participants who would otherwise have been entitled to receive a fraction of a share of common stock pursuant to the DRIP will receive, in lieu thereof, cash in an amount equal to the difference between the distributions declared and payable to such participant and the value of the whole shares of common stock issued to such participant pursuant to the DRIP.
We may terminate the DRIP upon notice in writing to each participant at least 30 days prior to any record date for the payment of any distribution by us. Participants may terminate their accounts under the plan by notifying the plan administrator by submitting a letter of instruction terminating the participant’s account under the plan to the plan administrator. Such termination is effective immediately if the participant’s notice is received
 
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by the plan administrator no later than 10 days prior to the record date for an applicable distribution; otherwise, such termination shall be effective only with respect to any subsequent distributions. Upon termination, participants will receive the shares of common stock held under the plan.
 
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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following discussion is a general summary of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to us and to an investment in shares of our common stock. This summary does not purport to be a complete description of the income tax considerations applicable to such an investment. For example, we have not described certain considerations that may be relevant to certain types of holders subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws, including stockholders subject to the alternative minimum tax, or the AMT,
tax-exempt
organizations, insurance companies, dealers in securities, traders in securities that elect to
mark-to-market
their securities holdings, pension plans and trusts, persons that have a functional currency (as defined in Section 985 of the Code) other than the U.S. dollar and financial institutions. This summary assumes that stockholders hold shares of our common stock as capital assets (within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code). The discussion is based upon the Code, Treasury regulations, and administrative and judicial interpretations, each as of the date of the filing of this registration statement and all of which are subject to change, possibly retroactively, which could affect the continuing validity of this discussion. We have not sought and will not seek any ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, regarding any offering of our securities. This summary does not discuss any aspects of U.S. estate or gift tax or foreign, state or local tax. It does not discuss the special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws that could result if we invested in
tax-exempt
securities or certain other investment assets. For purposes of this discussion, references to “dividends” are to dividends within the meaning of the U.S. federal income tax laws and associated regulations and may include amounts subject to treatment as a return of capital under section 19(a) of the 1940 Act.
A “U.S. stockholder” is a beneficial owner of shares of our common stock that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
 
   
a citizen or individual resident of the United States;
 
   
a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
 
   
an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
 
   
a trust if either a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions or the trust was in existence on August 20, 1996, was treated as a U.S. person prior to that date, and has made a valid election to be treated as a U.S. person.
A
“non-U.S.
stockholder” is a beneficial owner of shares of our common stock that is not a U.S. stockholder.
If a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds shares of common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective investor that is a partner in a partnership that will hold shares of common stock should consult its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares of common stock.
Tax matters are very complicated and the tax consequences to an investor of an investment in shares of our common stock will depend on the facts of his, her or its particular situation. We encourage stockholders to consult their own tax advisors regarding the specific consequences of such an investment, including tax reporting requirements, the applicability of U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax laws, eligibility for the benefits of any applicable tax treaty, and the effect of any possible changes in the tax laws.
Election to Be Taxed as a RIC
We have elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, and we intend to operate in a manner so as to continue to qualify for the tax treatment applicable to RICs. As a RIC, we generally will not have
 
57

to pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that we timely distribute to our stockholders as dividends. To qualify as a RIC, we must, among other things, meet certain
source-of-income
and asset diversification requirements (as described below). In addition, we must distribute to our stockholders, for each taxable year, dividends of an amount at least equal to 90% of our ICTI, as defined by the Code, which is generally our net ordinary income plus the excess of realized net short-term capital gains over realized net long-term capital losses and determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, or the Annual Distribution Requirement. Although not required for us to maintain our RIC tax status, in order to preclude the imposition of a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax imposed on RICs, we must distribute to our stockholders in respect of each calendar year dividends of an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of our net ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of the excess (if any) of our realized capital gains over our realized capital losses, or capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses), generally for the
one-year
period ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) the sum of any net ordinary income plus capital gains net income for preceding years that were not distributed during such years and on which we paid no federal income tax, or the Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement.
Taxation as a RIC
If we:
 
   
qualify as a RIC; and
 
   
satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement;
 
   
then we will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of our ICTI and net capital gain, defined as net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses, we distribute to stockholders. As a RIC, we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on any net income or net capital gain not distributed as dividends to our stockholders.
In order to qualify as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we must, among other things:
 
   
qualify to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act at all times during each taxable year;
 
   
derive in each taxable year at least 90% of our gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale of stock or other securities, or other income derived with respect to our business of investing in such stock or securities, and net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (partnerships that are traded on an established securities market or tradable on a secondary market, other than partnerships that derive 90% of their income from interest, dividends and other permitted RIC income), or the 90% Income Test; and
 
   
diversify our holdings so that at the end of each quarter of the taxable year:
 
   
at least 50% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and other securities if such other securities of any one issuer do not represent more than 5% of the value of our assets or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of the issuer; and
 
   
no more than 25% of the value of our assets is invested in the securities, other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs, of one issuer or of two or more issuers that are controlled, as determined under applicable tax rules, by us and that are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses or in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships, or the Diversification Tests.
We may invest in partnerships, including qualified publicly traded partnerships, which may result in our being subject to state, local or foreign income, franchise or other tax liabilities.
In addition, as a RIC we are subject to ordinary income and capital gain distribution requirements under the Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement. If we do not meet the required distributions under the Excise Tax
 
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Avoidance Requirement, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax on the undistributed amount. The failure to meet the Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement will not cause us to lose our RIC status. Although we currently intend to make sufficient distributions each taxable year to satisfy the Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement, under certain circumstances, we may choose to retain taxable income or capital gains in excess of current year distributions into the next tax year in an amount less than what would trigger payments of federal income tax under Subchapter M of the Code. We may then be required to pay a 4% excise tax on such income or capital gains.
A RIC is limited in its ability to deduct expenses in excess of its ICTI. If our deductible expenses in a given taxable year exceed our ICTI, we may incur a net operating loss for that taxable year. However, a RIC is not permitted to carry forward net operating losses to subsequent taxable years and such net operating losses do not pass through to its stockholders. In addition, deductible expenses can be used only to offset ICTI, not net capital gain. A RIC may not use any net capital losses (that is, the excess of realized capital losses over realized capital gains) to offset its ICTI, but may carry forward such net capital losses, and use them to offset future capital gains, indefinitely. Due to these limits on deductibility of expenses and net capital losses, we may for tax purposes have aggregate taxable income for several taxable years that we are required to distribute and that is taxable to our stockholders even if such taxable income is greater than the net income we actually earn during those taxable years. Any underwriting fees paid by us are not deductible.
We may be required to recognize taxable income in circumstances in which we do not receive cash. For example, if we hold debt obligations that are treated under applicable tax rules as having OID (such as debt instruments with PIK interest or, in certain cases, with increasing interest rates or issued with warrants), we must include in income each year a portion of the OID that accrues over the life of the obligation, regardless of whether cash representing such income is received by us in the same taxable year. Because any OID accrued will be included in our ICTI for the taxable year of accrual, we may be required to make a distribution to our stockholders in order to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement, even though we will not have received any corresponding cash amount. Furthermore, a portfolio company in which we hold equity or debt instruments may face financial difficulty that requires us to work out, modify, or otherwise restructure such equity or debt instruments. Any such restructuring could, depending upon the terms of the restructuring, cause us to incur unusable or nondeductible losses or recognize future
non-cash
taxable income. Any such transaction could also result in our receiving assets that give rise to income that is not qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Income Test.
Certain of our investment practices may be subject to special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (1) treat dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income as
non-qualified
dividend income, (2) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate dividends-received deduction as ineligible for such treatment, (3) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (4) convert lower-taxed long-term capital gain into higher-taxed short-term capital gain or ordinary income, (5) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss (the deductibility of which is more limited), (6) cause us to recognize income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (7) adversely affect the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur, (8) adversely alter the characterization of certain complex financial transactions and (9) produce income that will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Income Test. We intend to monitor our transactions and may make certain tax elections to mitigate the effect of these provisions and prevent our ability to be subject to tax as a RIC.
Gain or loss realized by us from warrants acquired by us as well as any loss attributable to the lapse of such warrants generally will be treated as capital gain or loss. Such gain or loss generally will be long-term or short-term, depending on how long we held a particular warrant.
Although we do not presently expect to do so, we are authorized to borrow funds and to sell assets in order to satisfy distribution requirements. However, under the 1940 Act, we are not permitted to make distributions to
 
59

our stockholders while our debt obligations and other senior securities are outstanding unless certain “asset coverage” tests are met. Moreover, our ability to dispose of assets to meet our distribution requirements may be limited by (1) the illiquid nature of our portfolio and/or (2) other requirements relating to our qualification as a RIC, including the Diversification Tests. If we dispose of assets in order to meet the Annual Distribution Requirement or the Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement, we may make such dispositions at times that, from an investment standpoint, are not advantageous.
Some of the income and fees that we may recognize, such as fees for providing managerial assistance, certain fees earned with respect to our investments, income recognized in a
work-out
or restructuring of a portfolio investment, or income recognized from an equity investment in an operating partnership, will not satisfy the 90% Income Test. In order to manage the risk that such income and fees might disqualify us as a RIC for a failure to satisfy the 90% Income Test, we may be required to recognize such income and fees indirectly through one or more entities treated as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such corporations will be required to pay U.S. corporate income tax on their earnings, which ultimately will reduce our return on such income and fees.
There may be uncertainty as to the appropriate treatment of certain of our investments for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In particular, we may invest a portion of our net assets in below investment grade instruments. U.S. federal income tax rules with respect to such instruments are not entirely clear about issues such as if an instrument is treated as debt or equity, whether and to what extent we should recognize interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by us, to the extent necessary, in order to seek to ensure that we distribute sufficient income to qualify, and maintain our qualification as, a RIC and to ensure that we do not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Income received by us from sources outside the United States may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, thereby reducing income available to us. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. Stockholders generally will not be entitled to claim a U.S. foreign tax credit or deduction with respect to
non-U.S.
taxes paid by us. We generally intend to conduct our investment activities to minimize the impact of foreign taxation, but there is no guarantee that we will be successful in this regard.
We may invest in stocks of foreign companies that are classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies, or PFICs. In general, a foreign company is classified as a PFIC if at least 50% of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its gross income is investment-type income. In general, under the PFIC rules, an “excess distribution” received with respect to PFIC stock is treated as having been realized ratably over the period during which we held the PFIC stock. We will be subject to tax on the portion, if any, of the excess distribution that is allocated to our holding period in prior taxable years (and an interest factor will be added to the tax, as if the tax had actually been payable in such prior taxable years) even though we distribute the corresponding income to stockholders. Excess distributions include any gain from the sale of PFIC stock as well as certain distributions from a PFIC. All excess distributions are taxable as ordinary income.
We may be eligible to elect alternative tax treatment with respect to PFIC stock. Under such an election, we generally would be required to include in our gross income its share of the earnings of a PFIC on a current basis, regardless of whether any distributions are received from the PFIC. If this election is made, the special rules, discussed above, relating to the taxation of excess distributions, would not apply. Alternatively, we may be able to elect to mark to market our PFIC stock, resulting in any unrealized gains at year end being treated as though they were realized and reported as ordinary income. Any
mark-to-market
losses and any loss from an actual disposition of the PFIC’s shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net
mark-to-market
gains included in income in prior years with respect to stock in the same PFIC.
 
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Because the application of the PFIC rules may affect, among other things, the character of gains, the amount of gain or loss and the timing of the recognition of income with respect to PFIC stock, as well as subject us to tax on certain income from PFIC stock, the amount that must be distributed to stockholders, and which will be taxed to stockholders as ordinary income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased substantially as compared to a fund that did not invest in PFIC stock.
Under the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates that occur between the time we accrue interest income or other receivables or accrues expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time we actually collect such receivables or pays such liabilities generally are treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss. Similarly, on disposition of some investments, including debt securities and certain forward contracts denominated in a foreign currency, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are treated as ordinary gain or loss. These gains and losses, referred to under the Code as “section 988” gains and losses, may increase or decrease the amount of our ICTI to be distributed to stockholders as ordinary income. For example, fluctuations in exchange rates may increase the amount of income that we must distribute in order to qualify for treatment as a RIC and to prevent application of an excise tax on undistributed income. Alternatively, fluctuations in exchange rates may decrease or eliminate income available for distribution. If section 988 losses exceed other ICTI during a taxable year, we would not be able to make ordinary distributions, or distributions made before the losses were realized would be
re-characterized
as a return of capital to stockholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes, rather than as ordinary dividend income, and would reduce each stockholder’s basis in the common stock.
Failure to Qualify as a RIC
If we were unable to qualify for treatment as a RIC and are unable to cure the failure, for example, by disposing of certain investments quickly or raising additional capital to prevent the loss of RIC status, we would be subject to tax on all of our taxable income at regular corporate rates. The Code provides some relief from RIC disqualification due to failures to comply with the 90% Income Test and the Diversification Tests, although there may be additional taxes due in such cases. We cannot assure you that we would qualify for any such relief should we fail the 90% Income Test or the Diversification Tests.
Should failure occur, all our taxable income would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates and we would not be able to deduct our dividend distributions to stockholders. Additionally, we would no longer be required to distribute our income and gains. Distributions, including distributions of net long-term capital gain, would generally be taxable to our stockholders as ordinary dividend income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. Subject to certain limitations under the Code, certain corporate stockholders would be eligible to claim a dividends-received deduction with respect to such dividends and
non-corporate
stockholders would generally be able to treat such dividends as “qualified dividend income,” which is subject to reduced rates of U.S. federal income tax. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits would be treated first as a return of capital to the extent of the stockholder’s tax basis, and any remaining distributions would be treated as a capital gain. If we fail to qualify as a RIC, we may be subject to regular corporate tax on any net
built-in
gains with respect to certain of our assets (i.e., the excess of the aggregate gains, including items of income, over aggregate losses that would have been realized with respect to such assets if we had been liquidated) that we elect to recognize on requalification or when recognized over the next five taxable years.
The remainder of this discussion assumes that we qualify as a RIC and have satisfied the Annual Distribution Requirement.
Taxation of U.S. Stockholders
The following discussion only applies to U.S. stockholders. Prospective stockholders that are not U.S. stockholders should refer to “—
Taxation of
Non-U.S.
Stockholders
” below.
 
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Distributions; Dispositions
Distributions by us generally are taxable to U.S. stockholders as ordinary income or capital gains. Distributions of our “investment company taxable income” (which is, generally, our net ordinary income plus net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses) will be taxable as ordinary income to U.S. stockholders to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional Shares. To the extent such distributions paid by us to
non-corporate
stockholders (including individuals) are attributable to dividends from U.S. corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations and if certain holding period requirements are met, such distributions generally will be treated as qualified dividend income and generally eligible for a maximum U.S. federal tax rate of either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual stockholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts, and if other applicable requirements are met, such distributions generally will be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction to the extent such dividends have been paid by a U.S. corporation. In this regard, it is anticipated that distributions paid by us will generally not be attributable to dividends and, therefore, generally will not qualify for the preferential maximum U.S. federal tax rate applicable to
non-corporate
stockholders as well as will not be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction.
Certain distributions reported by us as section 163(j) interest dividends may be treated as interest income by stockholders for purposes of the tax rules applicable to interest expense limitations under Code section 163(j). Such treatment by the stockholder is generally subject to holding period requirements and other potential limitations, although the holding period requirements are generally not applicable to dividends declared by money market funds and certain other funds that declare dividends daily and pay such dividends on a monthly or more frequent basis. The amount that we are eligible to report as a Section 163(j) dividend for a tax year is generally limited to the excess of our business interest income over the sum of our (i) business interest expense and (ii) other deductions properly allocable to our business interest income.
Distributions of our net capital gains (which is generally our realized net long-term capital gains in excess of realized net short-term capital losses) properly reported by us as “capital gain dividends” will be taxable to a U.S. stockholder as long-term capital gains (currently generally at a maximum rate of either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual stockholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) in the case of individuals, trusts or estates, regardless of the U.S. stockholder’s holding period for his, her or its shares of common stock and regardless of whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares. Distributions in excess of our earnings and profits first will reduce a U.S. stockholder’s adjusted tax basis in such stockholder’s shares and, after the adjusted basis is reduced to zero, will constitute capital gains to such U.S. stockholder. A stockholder’s basis for determining gain or loss upon the sale of common stock received in a distribution from us will generally be equal to the cash that would have been received if the stockholder had received the distribution in cash, unless we issue new shares that are trading at or above net asset value, in which case the stockholder’s basis in the new shares of common stock will generally be equal to its fair market value.
Although we currently intend to distribute any net capital gains at least annually, we may in the future decide to retain some or all of our net capital gains but report the retained amount as a “deemed distribution.” In that case, among other consequences, we will pay tax on the retained amount, each U.S. stockholder will be required to include their share of the deemed distribution in income as if it had been distributed to the U.S. stockholder, and the U.S. stockholder will be entitled to claim a credit equal to their allocable share of the tax paid on the deemed distribution by us. The amount of the deemed distribution net of such tax will be added to the U.S. stockholder’s tax basis for their Shares. Since we expect to pay tax on any retained net capital gains at our regular corporate tax rate, and since that rate is in excess of the maximum rate currently payable by individuals on long-term capital gains, the amount of tax that individual stockholders will be treated as having paid and for which they will receive a credit will exceed the tax they owe on the retained net capital gain. Such excess generally may be claimed as a credit against the U.S. stockholder’s other U.S. federal income tax obligations or may be refunded to the extent it exceeds a stockholder’s liability for U.S. federal income tax. A stockholder that is not subject to U.S. federal income tax or otherwise required to file a U.S. federal income tax return would be
 
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required to file a U.S. federal income tax return on the appropriate form in order to claim a refund for the taxes we paid. In order to utilize the deemed distribution approach, we must provide written notice to our stockholders prior to the expiration of 60 days after the close of the relevant taxable year. We cannot treat any of our investment company taxable income as a “deemed distribution.”
For purposes of determining (1) whether the Annual Distribution Requirement is satisfied for any tax year and (2) the amount of capital gain dividends paid for that tax year, we may, under certain circumstances, elect to treat a dividend that is paid during the following tax year as if it had been paid during the tax year in question. If we make such an election, the U.S. stockholder will still be treated as receiving the dividend in the tax year in which the distribution is made. However, any dividend declared by us in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to stockholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January of the following calendar year, will be treated as if it had been received by our U.S. stockholders on December 31 of the calendar year in which the dividend was declared.
If an investor purchases shares of common stock shortly before the record date of a distribution, the price of the shares will include the value of the distribution and the investor will be subject to tax on the distribution even though it represents a return of their investment.
A stockholder generally will recognize taxable gain or loss if the stockholder sells or otherwise disposes of their Shares. Any gain arising from such sale or disposition generally will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the stockholder has held their shares of common stock for more than one year. Otherwise, it would be classified as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any capital loss arising from the sale or disposition of shares of common stock held for six months or less will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of capital gain dividends received, or undistributed capital gain deemed received, with respect to such shares. In addition, all or a portion of any loss recognized upon a disposition of shares may be disallowed if other shares are purchased (whether through reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of shares of common stock acquired will be increased to reflect the disallowed loss.
In general, individual U.S. stockholders are subject to a maximum U.S. federal income tax rate of either 15% or 20% (depending on whether the individual U.S. stockholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) on their net capital gain, i.e., the excess of realized net long-term capital gain over realized net short-term capital loss for a taxable year, including a long-term capital gain derived from an investment in shares of our common stock. Such rate is lower than the maximum federal income tax rate on ordinary taxable income currently payable by individuals. Corporate U.S. stockholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum 21% rate also applied to ordinary income.
Non-corporate
stockholders incurring net capital losses for a tax year (i.e., net capital losses in excess of net capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each tax year; any net capital losses of a
non-corporate
stockholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent tax years as provided in the Code. Corporate stockholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a tax year, but may carry back such losses for three tax years or carry forward such losses for five tax years.
We will send to each of our U.S. stockholders, as promptly as possible after the end of each calendar year, a notice detailing, the amounts includible in such U.S. stockholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the U.S. federal tax status of each calendar year’s distributions generally will be reported to the IRS. Distributions may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on a U.S. stockholder’s particular situation. Dividends distributed by us generally will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction or the lower tax rates applicable to certain qualified dividends.
Legislation requires reporting of adjusted cost basis information for covered securities, which generally include shares of a RIC, to the IRS and to taxpayers. Stockholders should contact their financial intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis and available elections for their accounts.
 
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Medicare Tax on Net Investment Income
A U.S. stockholder that is an individual or estate, or a trust that does not fall into a special class of trusts that is exempt from such tax, will generally be subject to a 3.8% tax on the lesser of (i) the U.S. stockholder’s “net investment income” for a taxable year and (ii) the excess of the U.S. stockholder’s modified adjusted gross income for such taxable year over $200,000 ($250,000 in the case of joint filers). For these purposes, “net investment income” will generally include taxable distributions and deemed distributions paid with respect to stock, including our common stock, and net gain attributable to the disposition of stock, including our common stock (in each case, unless such stock is held in connection with certain trades or businesses), but will be reduced by any deductions properly allocable to such distributions or net gain.
Tax Shelter Reporting Regulations
Under applicable Treasury regulations, if a U.S. stockholder recognizes a loss with respect to our common stock of $2 million or more for a
non-corporate
U.S. stockholder or $10 million or more for a corporate U.S. stockholder in any single taxable year (or a greater loss over a combination of years), the U.S. stockholder must file with the IRS, a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct U.S. stockholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but, under current guidance, U.S. stockholders of a RIC are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to U.S. stockholders of most or all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Significant monetary penalties apply to a failure to comply with this reporting requirement. States may also have a similar reporting requirement. U.S. stockholders should consult their own tax advisers to determine the applicability of these Treasury regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
Backup Withholding
Backup withholding, currently at a rate of 24%, may be applicable to all taxable distributions to any
non-corporate
U.S. stockholder (1) who fails to furnish us with a correct taxpayer identification number or a certificate that such stockholder is exempt from backup withholding or (2) with respect to whom the IRS notifies us that such stockholder has failed to properly report certain interest and dividend income to the IRS and to respond to notices to that effect. An individual’s taxpayer identification number is his or her social security number. Any amount withheld under backup withholding is allowed as a credit against the U.S. stockholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such stockholder to a refund, provided that proper information is timely provided to the IRS.
Taxation of
Non-U.S.
Stockholders
The following discussion applies only to
non-U.S.
stockholders. Whether an investment in shares of our common stock is appropriate for a
non-U.S.
stockholder will depend upon that stockholder’s particular circumstances. An investment in shares of our common stock by a
non-U.S.
stockholder may have adverse tax consequences to such
non-U.S.
stockholder.
Non-U.S.
stockholders should consult their own tax advisers before investing in our common stock.
Distributions; Dispositions
Whether an investment in shares of our common stock is appropriate for a
non-U.S.
stockholder will depend upon that person’s particular circumstances. An investment in shares of our common stock by a
non-U.S.
stockholder may have adverse tax consequences.
Non-U.S.
stockholders should consult their tax advisors before investing in shares of our common stock.
Subject to the discussion below, distributions of our “investment company taxable income” to
non-U.S.
stockholders (including interest income, net short-term capital gain or foreign-source dividend and interest income, which generally would be free of withholding if paid to
non-U.S.
stockholders directly) will be subject
 
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to withholding of U.S. federal tax at a 30% rate (or lower rate provided by an applicable treaty) to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits unless the distributions are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the
non-U.S.
stockholder, in which case the distributions will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the rates applicable to U.S. persons. In that case, we will not be required to withhold U.S. federal tax if the
non-U.S.
stockholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements. Special certification requirements apply to a
non-U.S.
stockholder that is a foreign partnership or a foreign trust, and such entities are urged to consult their own tax advisors.
Certain properly reported dividends received by a
non-U.S.
stockholder generally are exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax when they (1) are paid in respect of our “qualified net interest income” (generally, our U.S. source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which we are at least a 10% stockholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income), or (2) are paid in connection with our “qualified short-term capital gains” (generally, the excess of our net short-term capital gain over our long-term capital loss for a tax year) as well as if certain other requirements are satisfied. Nevertheless, it should be noted that in the case of shares of our common stock held through an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold U.S. federal income tax even if we reported a payment as an interest-related dividend or short-term capital gain dividend. Moreover, depending on the circumstances, we may report all, some or none of our potentially eligible dividends as derived from such qualified net interest income or as qualified short-term capital gains, or treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding.
Actual or deemed distributions of our net capital gains to a
non-U.S.
stockholder, and gains realized by a
non-U.S.
stockholder upon the sale of shares of our common stock, will not be subject to federal withholding tax and generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax unless the distributions or gains, as the case may be, are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the
non-U.S.
stockholder and, if an income tax treaty applies, are attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the
non-U.S.
stockholder in the United States or, in the case of an individual
non-U.S.
stockholder, the stockholder is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the year of the sale or capital gain dividend and certain other conditions are met.
If we distribute our net capital gains in the form of deemed rather than actual distributions (which we may do in the future), a
non-U.S.
stockholder will be entitled to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the stockholder’s allocable share of the tax we pay on the capital gains deemed to have been distributed. In order to obtain the refund, the
non-U.S.
stockholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number and file a U.S. federal income tax return even if the
non-U.S.
stockholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number or file a U.S. federal income tax return. For a corporate
non-U.S.
stockholder, distributions (both actual and deemed), and gains realized upon the sale of shares of our common stock that are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business may, under certain circumstances, be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a 30% rate (or at a lower rate if provided for by an applicable treaty).
A
non-U.S.
stockholder who is a
non-resident
alien individual, and who is otherwise subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax, may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding of U.S. federal income tax on dividends unless the
non-U.S.
stockholder provides us or the dividend paying agent with a U.S. nonresident withholding tax certification (e.g., an IRS Form
W-8BEN,
IRS Form
W-8BEN-E,
or an acceptable substitute form) or otherwise meets documentary evidence requirements for establishing that it is a
non-U.S.
stockholder or otherwise establishes an exemption from backup withholding.
Withholding and Information Reporting on Foreign Financial Accounts
Under the Code and Treasury regulations, the applicable withholding agent generally will be required to withhold 30% of the dividends on our common stock paid to (i) a
non-U.S.
financial institution (whether such financial institution is the beneficial owner or an intermediary) unless such
non-U.S.
financial institution agrees to verify, report and disclose its U.S. accountholders and meets certain other specified requirements or (ii) a
non-financial
non-U.S.
entity (whether such entity is the beneficial owner or an intermediary) unless such entity
 
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certifies that it does not have any substantial U.S. owners or provides the name, address and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner and such entity meets certain other specified requirements. If payment of this withholding tax is made,
non-U.S.
stockholders that are otherwise eligible for an exemption from, or a reduction in, withholding of U.S. federal income taxes with respect to such dividends or proceeds will be required to seek a credit or refund from the IRS to obtain the benefit of such exemption or reduction. We will not pay any additional amounts in respect of any amounts withheld.
Non-U.S.
stockholders should consult their own tax advisers with respect to the U.S. federal income and withholding tax consequences, and state, local and
non-U.S.
tax consequences, of an investment in shares of our common stock.
Other Taxes
Stockholders may be subject to state, local and
non-U.S.
taxes applicable to their investment in shares. Stockholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in shares of our common stock.
 
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
This prospectus contains a summary of the common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, subscription rights, and warrants. These summaries meant to be a complete description of each security. However, this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement will contain the material terms and conditions for each security.
 
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DESCRIPTION OF OUR CAPITAL STOCK
The following description of our capital stock is based on relevant portions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or DGCL, and on our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws. This summary is not necessarily complete, and we refer you to the DGCL and our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, forms of which are incorporated by reference to the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, for a more detailed description of the provisions summarized below.
Our authorized stock currently consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. Our common stock is traded on The New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “MSDL.” There are no outstanding options or warrants to purchase shares of our common stock. No stock has been authorized for issuance under any equity compensation plan. Under Delaware law, our stockholders generally are not personally liable for our debts or obligations.
The following are our outstanding classes of securities as of September 30, 2024:
 
Title of Class
  
(2)

Amount
authorized
    
(3)
Amount held by
us or for Our
Account
    
(4)

Amount
Outstanding
Exclusive of
Amounts shown
Under Column (3)
 
Common Stock
     100,000,000        —         89,008,972  
All shares of our common stock have equal rights as to earnings, assets, dividends and other distributions and voting and, when they are issued, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Distributions may be paid to the holders of our common stock if, as and when authorized by our Board of Directors and declared by us out of assets legally available therefrom. Shares of our common stock have no preemptive, exchange, conversion or redemption rights and are freely transferable, except when their transfer is restricted by federal and state securities laws or by contract. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each share of our common stock would be entitled to share ratably in all of our assets that are legally available for distribution after we pay all debts and other liabilities and subject to any preferential rights of holders of our preferred stock, if any preferred stock is outstanding at such time. Each share of our common stock is entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election of directors. Except as provided with respect to any other class or series of stock, the holders of our common stock possess exclusive voting power. There is no cumulative voting in the election of directors, which means that holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock can elect all of our directors, and holders of less than a majority of such shares are not able to elect any directors.
Provisions of the DGCL and Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
Limitation on Liability of Directors and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expenses
The indemnification of our officers and directors is governed by Section 145 of the
DGCL
, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws. Section 145(a) of the DGCL empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if (1) such person acted in good faith, (2) in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and (3) with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, such person had no reasonable cause to believe the person’s conduct was unlawful.
 
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Section 145(b) of the DGCL empowers a corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation, and except that no indemnification may be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person has been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Delaware Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought determines upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court deems proper.
Section 145 of the DGCL further provides that to the extent that a present or former director or officer is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in subsections (a) and (b) of Section 145, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person will be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding. In all cases in which indemnification is permitted under subsections (a) and (b) of Section 145 (unless ordered by a court), it will be made by the corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the present or former director, officer, employee or agent is proper in the circumstances because the applicable standard of conduct has been met by the party to be indemnified. Such determination must be made, with respect to a person who is a director or officer at the time of such determination, (1) by a majority vote of the directors who are not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, even though less than a quorum, (2) by a committee of such directors designated by majority vote of such directors, even though less than a quorum, (3) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion or (4) by the stockholders. The statute authorizes the corporation to pay expenses incurred by an officer or director in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the person to whom the advance will be made, to repay the advances if it is ultimately determined that he or she was not entitled to indemnification. Section 145 of the DGCL also provides that indemnification and advancement of expenses permitted under such Section are not to be exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise. Section 145 of the DGCL also authorizes the corporation to purchase and maintain liability insurance on behalf of its directors, officers, employees and agents regardless of whether the corporation would have the statutory power to indemnify such persons against the liabilities insured.
Our certificate of incorporation provides that our directors will not be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director to the fullest extent permitted by the current DGCL or as the DGCL may be amended. Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL provides that the personal liability of a director to a corporation or its stockholders for breach of fiduciary duty as a director may be eliminated except for liability (1) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the registrant or its stockholders, (2) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (3) under Section 174 of the DGCL, relating to unlawful payment of dividends or unlawful stock purchases or redemption of stock or (4) for any transaction from which the director derives an improper personal benefit.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide for the indemnification of any person to the full extent permitted, and in the manner provided, by the current DGCL or as the DGCL may be amended. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors in order to effect the foregoing except to the extent that such indemnification would exceed the limitations on indemnification under section 17(h) of the 1940 Act.
 
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As a BDC, we are not permitted to and will not indemnify our Adviser, any of our executive officers and directors, or any other person against liability arising from willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person’s office, or by reason of reckless disregard of obligations and duties of such person arising under contract or agreement.
Election of Directors
Our bylaws provide that the affirmative vote of a majority of the total votes cast “for” or “against” a nominee for director at a duly called meeting of stockholders at which a quorum is present is required to elect a director in an uncontested election. In a contested election, directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which is a quorum is present. Under our bylaws, our Board of Directors may amend the bylaws to alter the vote required to elect directors.
Classified Board of Directors
Our Board of Directors is divided into three classes of directors serving staggered three-year terms, with the term of office of only one of the three classes expiring each year. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors of the class of directors whose term expires at such meeting will be elected to hold office for a term expiring at the third succeeding annual meeting of stockholders following the meeting at which they were elected and until their successors are duly elected and qualified. A classified Board of Directors may render a change in control of us or removal of our incumbent management more difficult. We believe, however, that the longer time required to elect a majority of a classified Board of Directors helps to ensure the continuity and stability of our management and policies.
Number of Directors; Removal; Vacancies
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that the number of directors will be set only by the Board of Directors. Our bylaws provide that a majority of our entire Board of Directors may at any time increase or decrease the number of directors.
However, unless our bylaws are amended, the number of directors may never be less than four nor more than eight. Under the DGCL, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise (which our certificate of incorporation does not), directors on a classified board such as our Board of Directors may be removed only for cause. Under our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, any vacancy on the Board of Directors, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of the Board of Directors, may be filled only by vote of a majority of the directors then in office. The limitations on the ability of our stockholders to remove directors and fill vacancies could make it more difficult for a third-party to acquire, or discourage a third-party from seeking to acquire, control of us.
Action by Stockholders
Our certificate of incorporation provides that stockholder action can be taken only at an annual or special meeting of stockholders or by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting. This may have the effect of delaying consideration of a stockholder proposal until the next annual meeting.
Advance Notice Provisions for Stockholder Nominations and Stockholder Proposals
Our bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be made only (1) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (2) pursuant to our notice of meeting or (3) by a stockholder who was a stockholder of record at the time of provision of notice, at the record date and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice procedures
 
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of the bylaws. With respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors at a special meeting may be made only (1) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (2) provided that the special meeting has been called in accordance with our bylaws for the purposes of electing directors, by a stockholder who was a stockholder of record at the time of provision of notice, at the record date and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of the bylaws.
The purpose of requiring stockholders to give us advance notice of nominations and other business is to afford our Board of Directors a meaningful opportunity to consider the qualifications of the proposed nominees and the advisability of any other proposed business and, to the extent deemed necessary or desirable by our Board of Directors, to inform stockholders and make recommendations about such qualifications or business, as well as to provide a more orderly procedure for conducting meetings of stockholders. Although our bylaws do not give our Board of Directors any power to disapprove stockholder nominations for the election of directors or proposals recommending certain action, they may have the effect of precluding a contest for the election of directors or the consideration of stockholder proposals if proper procedures are not followed and of discouraging or deterring a third party from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect its own slate of directors or to approve its own proposal without regard to whether consideration of such nominees or proposals might be harmful or beneficial to us and our stockholders.
Calling of Special Meetings of Stockholders
Our bylaws provide that special meetings of stockholders may be called by our Board of Directors and certain of our officers. Additionally, our bylaws provide that, subject to the satisfaction of certain procedural and informational requirements by the stockholders requesting the meeting, a special meeting of stockholders will be called by the secretary of the corporation upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting.
Delaware Anti-Takeover Law
The DGCL contains provisions that could make it more difficult for a potential acquirer to acquire us by means of a tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. These provisions are expected to discourage certain coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our Board of Directors. These measures may delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control that might otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders. Our Board of Directors has considered the implications of these provisions, including Section 203 of the DGCL, which is described in further detail below, and believes, however, that the benefits of these provisions outweigh the potential disadvantages of discouraging any such acquisition proposals because the negotiation of such proposals may improve their terms.
We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL regulating corporate takeovers. In general, these provisions prohibit a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:
 
   
prior to such time, the board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;
 
   
upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced; or
 
   
at or subsequent to such time, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at a meeting of stockholders, by at least
two-thirds
of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.
 
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Section 203 of the DGCL defines “business combination” to include the following:
 
   
any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;
 
   
any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition (in one transaction or a series of transactions) of 10% or more of either the aggregate market value of all the assets of the corporation or the aggregate market value of all the outstanding stock of the corporation involving the interested stockholder;
 
   
subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;
 
   
any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the corporation owned by the interested stockholder; or
 
   
the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.
In general, Section 203 of the DGCL defines an interested stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by any of these entities or persons.
The statute could prohibit or delay mergers or other takeover or change in control attempts and, accordingly, may discourage attempts to acquire us.
Our Board of Directors may choose to adopt a resolution exempting from Section 203 of the DGCL any business combination between us and any other person, subject to prior approval of such business combination by our Board of Directors, including approval by a majority of our Independent Directors.
The Company is aware of certain recent federal and state court decisions regarding certain control share statutes in jurisdictions other than Delaware holding that such control share statutes are not consistent with the 1940 Act and acknowledges the possibility that a court may determine that Section 203 of the DGCL similarly conflicts with the 1940 Act. The Company’s bylaws provide that to the extent that any provision of the DGCL, including Section 203 of the DGCL, conflicts with any provision of the 1940 Act, the applicable provision of the 1940 Act shall control.
Conflict with 1940 Act
Our bylaws provide that, if and to the extent that any provision of the DGCL or any provision of our certificate of incorporation or bylaws conflicts with any provision of the 1940 Act, the applicable provision of the 1940 Act will control.
Exclusive Forum
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the sole and exclusive forum for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company, (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Company to the Company or the Company’s stockholders, (3) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, our certificate of incorporation or bylaws or the securities, antifraud, unfair trade practices or similar laws of any international, national, state, provincial, territorial, local or other governmental or regulatory authority, including, in each case, the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, or (4) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine will be a federal or state court located in the state of Delaware. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our common stock will be deemed, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to have notice of and consented to these exclusive forum provisions and to have
 
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irrevocably submitted to, and waived any objection to, the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in connection with any such action or proceeding and consented to process being served in any such action or proceeding, without limitation, by U.S. mail addressed to the stockholder at the stockholder’s address as it appears on the records of the Company, with postage thereon prepaid. Our certificate of incorporation includes this provision so that we can respond to litigation more efficiently, reduce the costs associated with our responses to such litigation, particularly litigation that might otherwise be brought in multiple forums, and make it less likely that plaintiffs’ attorneys will be able to employ such litigation to coerce us into otherwise unjustified settlements. However, this exclusive forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that such stockholder believes is favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, if any, and may discourage lawsuits against us and our directors, officers or other employees, if any. Alternatively, if a court were to find such provision inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. The exclusive forum provision does not apply to claims arising under the federal securities laws.
 
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DESCRIPTION OF OUR PREFERRED STOCK
In addition to shares of common stock, our certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of preferred stock. We could issue preferred stock from time to time in one or more classes or series without stockholder approval. Prior to issuance of shares of each class or series, our Board of Directors is required by Delaware law and by our certificate of incorporation to set the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption for each class or series. Thus, the board of directors could authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock with terms and conditions that could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change in control that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise be in their best interest. You should note, however, that any such an issuance must adhere to the requirements of the 1940 Act, Delaware law and any other limitations imposed by law.
The 1940 Act currently requires that (i) immediately after issuance and before any dividend or other distribution is made with respect to our common stock and before any purchase of common stock is made, such preferred stock together with all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal to 66 2/3% of our total assets after deducting the amount of such dividend, distribution or purchase price, as the case may be, (ii) the holders of shares of preferred stock, if any are issued, must be entitled as a class to elect two directors at all times and to elect a majority of the directors if dividends or other distribution on the preferred stock are in arrears by two years or more. Some matters under the 1940 Act require the separate vote of the holders of any issued and outstanding preferred stock. For example, holders of preferred stock would vote separately from the holders of common stock on a proposal to cease operations as a business development company. We believe that the availability for issuance of preferred stock will provide us with increased flexibility in structuring future financings and acquisitions.
For any series of preferred stock that we issue, our board of directors will determine and the articles supplementary and the prospectus supplement relating to such series will describe:
 
   
the designation and number of shares of such series;
 
   
the rate and time at which, and the preferences and conditions under which, any dividends or other distributions will be paid on shares of such series, as well as whether such dividends or other distributions are participating or
non-participating;
 
   
any provisions relating to convertibility or exchangeability of the shares of such series, including adjustments to the conversion price of such series;
 
   
the rights and preferences, if any, of holders of shares of such series upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs;
 
   
the voting powers, if any, of the holders of shares of such series;
 
   
any provisions relating to the redemption of the shares of such series;
 
   
any limitations on our ability to pay dividends or make distributions on, or acquire or redeem, other securities while shares of such series are outstanding;
 
   
any conditions or restrictions on our ability to issue additional shares of such series or other securities;
 
   
if applicable, a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations; and
 
   
any other relative powers, preferences and participating, optional or special rights of shares of such series, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof.
All shares of preferred stock that we issue will be identical and of equal rank except as to the particular terms thereof that may be fixed by our board of directors, and all shares of each series of preferred stock will be identical and of equal rank except as to the dates from which dividends or other distributions, if any, thereon will be cumulative.
 
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DESCRIPTION OF OUR SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS
The following is a general description of the terms of the subscription rights we could issue from time to time. Particular terms of any subscription rights we offer will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to such subscription rights. We could issue subscription rights to purchase common stock. Subscription rights may be issued independently or together with any other offered security and may or may not be transferable by the person purchasing or receiving the subscription rights. In connection with any subscription rights offering to our stockholders, we may enter into a standby underwriting, backstop or other arrangement with one or more persons pursuant to which such persons would purchase any offered securities remaining unsubscribed for after such subscription rights offering. In connection with a subscription rights offering to our stockholders, we would distribute certificates evidencing the subscription rights and a prospectus supplement to our stockholders on the record date that we set for receiving subscription rights in such subscription rights offering. Our common stockholders will indirectly bear all of the expenses incurred by us in connection with any subscription rights offerings, regardless of whether any common stockholder exercises any subscription rights.
A prospectus supplement will describe the particular terms of any subscription rights we issue, including the following:
 
   
the period of time the offering would remain open (which shall be open a minimum number of days such that all record holders would be eligible to participate in the offering and shall not be open longer than 120 days);
 
   
the title and aggregate number of such subscription rights;
 
   
the exercise price for such subscription rights (or method of calculation thereof);
 
   
the currency or currencies, including composite currencies, in which the price of such subscription rights may be payable;
 
   
if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the subscription rights are issued and the number of subscription rights issued with each such security or each principal amount of such security;
 
   
the ratio of the offering (which, in the case of transferable rights, will require a minimum of three shares to be held of record before a person is entitled to purchase an additional share);
 
   
the number of such subscription rights issued to each stockholder;
 
   
the extent to which such subscription rights are transferable and the market on which they may be traded if they are transferable;
 
   
the date on which the right to exercise such subscription rights shall commence, and the date on which such right shall expire (subject to any extension);
 
   
if applicable, the minimum or maximum number of subscription rights that may be exercised at one time;
 
   
the extent to which such subscription rights include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed securities and the terms of such over-subscription privilege;
 
   
any termination right we may have in connection with such subscription rights offering;
 
   
the terms of any rights to redeem, or call such subscription rights;
 
   
information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;
 
   
the terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of the subscription rights;
 
   
the material terms of any standby underwriting, backstop or other purchase arrangement that we may enter into in connection with the subscription rights offering;
 
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if applicable, a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the issuance or exercise of such subscription rights; and
 
   
any other terms of such subscription rights, including exercise, settlement and other procedures and limitations relating to the transfer and exercise of such subscription rights.
Each subscription right will entitle the holder of the subscription right to purchase for cash or other consideration such amount of shares of common stock at such subscription price as shall in each case be set forth in, or be determinable as set forth in, the prospectus supplement relating to the subscription rights offered thereby. Subscription rights may be exercised as set forth in the prospectus supplement beginning on the date specified therein and continuing until the close of business on the expiration date for such subscription rights set forth in the prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, all unexercised subscription rights will become void.
Upon receipt of payment and the subscription rights certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the subscription rights agent or any other office indicated in the prospectus supplement we will forward, as soon as practicable, the shares of common stock purchasable upon such exercise. If less than all of the rights represented by such subscription rights certificate are exercised, a new subscription certificate will be issued for the remaining rights. Prior to exercising their subscription rights, holders of subscription rights will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise. To the extent permissible under applicable law, we may determine to offer any unsubscribed offered securities directly to persons other than stockholders, to or through agents, underwriters or dealers or through a combination of such methods, as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
 
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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
The following is a general description of the terms of the warrants we could issue from time to time. Particular terms of any warrants we offer will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to such warrants.
We could issue warrants to purchase shares of our common stock, preferred stock or debt securities. Such warrants may be issued independently or together with shares of common stock, preferred stock or debt securities and may be attached or separate from such securities. We will issue each series of warrants under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a warrant agent. The warrant agent will act solely as our agent and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency for or with holders or beneficial owners of warrants.
A prospectus supplement will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants we issue, including the following:
 
   
the title and aggregate number of such warrants;
 
   
the price or prices at which such warrants will be issued;
 
   
the currency or currencies, including composite currencies, in which the price of such warrants may be payable;
 
   
if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each such security or each principal amount of such security;
 
   
in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of one warrant and the price at which and the currency or currencies, including composite currencies, in which this principal amount of debt securities may be purchased upon such exercise;
 
   
in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock, as the case may be, purchasable upon exercise of one warrant and the price at which and the currency or currencies, including composite currencies, in which these shares may be purchased upon such exercise;
 
   
the date on which the right to exercise such warrants shall commence and the date on which such right will expire (subject to any extension);
 
   
whether such warrants will be issued in registered form or bearer form;
 
   
if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of such warrants that may be exercised at any one time;
 
   
if applicable, the date on and after which such warrants and the related securities will be separately transferable;
 
   
the terms of any rights to redeem, or call such warrants;
 
   
information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;
 
   
the terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants;
 
   
if applicable, a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations; and
 
   
any other terms of such warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of such warrants.
We and the warrant agent may amend or supplement the warrant agreement for a series of warrants without the consent of the holders of the warrants issued thereunder to effect changes that are not inconsistent with the provisions of the warrants and that do not materially and adversely affect the interests of the holders of the warrants.
 
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Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase for cash such common stock or preferred stock at the exercise price or such principal amount of debt securities as shall in each case be set forth in, or be determinable as set forth in, the prospectus supplement relating to the warrants offered thereby. Warrants may be exercised as set forth in the prospectus supplement beginning on the date specified therein and continuing until the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.
Upon receipt of payment and a warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will, as soon as practicable, forward the securities purchasable upon such exercise. If less than all of the warrants represented by such warrant certificate are exercised, a new warrant certificate will be issued for the remaining warrants. If we so indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may surrender securities as all or part of the exercise price for warrants.
Prior to exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise, including, in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the right to receive principal, premium, if any, or interest payments, on the debt securities purchasable upon exercise or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture or, in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the right to receive dividends or other distributions, if any, or payments upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise any voting rights.
Under the 1940 Act, we may generally only offer warrants provided that (a) the warrants expire by their terms within ten years, (b) the exercise or conversion price is not less than the current market value at the date of issuance, (c) our stockholders authorize the proposal to issue such warrants, and our board of directors approves such issuance on the basis that the issuance is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders and (d) if the warrants are accompanied by other securities, the warrants are not separately transferable unless no class of such warrants and the securities accompanying them has been publicly distributed. The 1940 Act also provides that the amount of our voting securities that would result from the exercise of all outstanding warrants, as well as options and rights, at the time of issuance may not exceed 25% of our outstanding voting securities.
 
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DESCRIPTION OF OUR DEBT SECURITIES
We may issue debt securities in one or more series. The specific terms of each series of debt securities will be described in the particular prospectus supplement relating to that series. The prospectus supplement may or may not modify the general terms found in this prospectus and will be filed with the SEC. For a complete description of the terms of a particular series of debt securities, you should read both this prospectus and the prospectus supplement relating to that particular series and any related free writing prospectus.
As required by federal law for all bonds and notes of companies that are publicly offered, the debt securities are governed by a document called an “indenture.” An indenture is a contract between us and the financial institution acting as trustee on your behalf, and is subject to and governed by the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. The trustee has two main roles. First, the trustee can enforce your rights against us if we default. There are some limitations on the extent to which the trustee acts on your behalf, described below under “
—Events of Default-Remedies if an Event of Default Occurs
.” Second, the trustee performs certain administrative duties for us with respect to our debt securities.
All the material terms of the indenture and the supplemental indenture, as well as an explanation of your rights as a holder of debt securities, will be described in this prospectus as supplemented by the applicable prospectus supplement accompanying this prospectus. Because this section is a summary it does not describe every aspect of the debt securities and the indenture. We urge you to read the indenture because it, and not this description, defines your rights as a holder of debt securities. We have filed the indenture with the SEC. See “
Available Information
” for information on how to obtain a copy of the indenture. We will file a supplemental indenture with the SEC in connection with any debt offering, at which time the supplemental indenture would be publicly available.
A prospectus supplement, which will accompany this prospectus, will describe the particular terms of any series of debt securities being offered, including any or all of the following, as applicable:
 
   
the designation or title of the series of debt securities;
 
   
the total principal amount of the series of debt securities;
 
   
the percentage of the principal amount at which the series of debt securities will be offered;
 
   
the date or dates on which principal will be payable or the method by which such date or dates will be determined or extended;
 
   
the date or dates from which any interest will accrue, or the method of determining such date or dates, and the date or dates on which any interest will be payable;
 
   
the rate or rates (which may be either fixed or variable) and/or the method of determining such rate or rates of interest, if any;
 
   
the place or places, if any, other than or in addition to the Borough of Manhattan in the City of New York, of payment, transfer, conversion and/or exchange of the debt securities;
 
   
whether any interest may be paid by issuing additional securities of the same series in lieu of cash (and the terms upon which any such interest may be paid by issuing additional securities);
 
   
the terms for redemption, extension or early repayment, if any;
 
   
the provision for any sinking fund;
 
   
the denominations in which the offered debt securities will be issued (if other than $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof);
 
   
if other than the trustee, the identity of each security registrar and/or paying agent;
 
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if other than the principal amount, the portion of the principal amount of the debt securities of the series that are payable upon “declaration of acceleration of maturity,” upon redemption of the debt securities of the series redeemable before stated maturity, upon surrender for repayment at the option of the debt security holder, or which the trustee is entitled to claim;
 
   
the currencies in which the series of debt securities are issued and payable;
 
   
whether the amount of payments of principal (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on a series of debt securities will be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method (which could be based on one or more currencies, commodities, equity indices or other indices) and how these amounts will be determined;
 
   
any provisions regarding whether the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on the debt securities of the series are to be payable, at the election of the Company or a debt security holder thereof, in one or more currencies other than that in which such debt securities are denominated or stated to be payable;
 
   
provisions, if any, granting special rights to the debt securities holders of a series upon the occurrence of such events as may be specified;
 
   
any restrictive covenants;
 
   
any Events of Default (as defined in “Events of Default” below);
 
   
any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the Events of Default (as defined in “Events of Default” below) or covenants;
 
   
whether the series of debt securities are issuable in certificated form;
 
   
the date as of which any temporary global security representing outstanding debt securities of the series will be dated if other than the date of original issuance of the first security of the series to be issued;
 
   
the person to whom any interest is payable, if other than the person in whose name such debt security (or one or more predecessor securities) is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such interest, and the extent to which, or the manner in which, interest will be paid;
 
   
any provisions for defeasance or covenant defeasance;
 
   
if the debt securities of a series are issuable in definitive form (whether upon original issue or upon exchange of a temporary security of such series) only upon receipt of certain certificates or other documents or satisfaction of other conditions, then the form and/or terms of such certificates, documents or conditions;
 
   
any special U.S. federal income tax implications, including, if applicable, federal income tax considerations relating to original issue discount;
 
   
whether and under what circumstances we will pay additional amounts in respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge and, if so, whether we will have the option to redeem the debt securities rather than pay the additional amounts (and the terms of this option);
 
   
the designation of the initial exchange rate agent, if any;
 
   
if the debt securities of the series are to be issued upon the exercise of warrants, the time, manner and place for such debt securities to be authenticated and delivered;
 
   
any provisions for convertibility or exchangeability of the debt securities into or for any other securities;
 
   
whether the debt securities are secured and the terms of any security interest;
 
   
whether the debt securities are subject to subordination and the terms of such subordination;
 
   
the appointment of any calculation agent, foreign currency exchange agent or other additional agents;
 
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the name of the securities exchange, if the debt securities are listed on a securities exchange;
 
   
the guarantees, if any of the debt securities, and the extent of the guarantees (including provisions relating to seniority, subordination and the release of the guarantors), if any, and any additions or changes to permit or facilitate guarantees of such securities;
 
   
any restrictions on the sale or transfer of the debt securities; and
 
   
any other terms.
The debt securities may be secured or unsecured obligations. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, will be paid by us in immediately available funds.
We are permitted, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of indebtedness if our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least equal to 150% immediately after each such issuance after giving effect to any exemptive relief granted to us by the SEC. In addition, while any indebtedness and or senior securities remain outstanding, we must make provisions to prohibit any distribution to our stockholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless we meet the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the distribution or repurchase. For a discussion of the risks associated with leverage, see “
Risk Factors
” in our most recently filed Annual Report on Form
10-K,
as well as in subsequent filings with the SEC.
General
The indenture provides that any debt securities proposed to be sold under this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement (“offered debt securities”) and any debt securities issuable upon the exercise of warrants or upon conversion or exchange of other offered securities (“underlying debt securities”) may be issued under the indenture in one or more series.
For purposes of this prospectus, any reference to the payment of principal of, or premium or interest, if any, on, debt securities will include additional amounts if required by the terms of the debt securities.
The indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities that may be issued by us or our subsidiaries thereunder from time to time. Debt securities issued under the indenture, when a single trustee is acting for all debt securities issued under the indenture, are called the “indenture securities.” The indenture also provides that there may be more than one trustee thereunder, each with respect to one or more different series of indenture securities. See “
—Resignation of Trustee
” below. At a time when two or more trustees are acting under the indenture, each with respect to only certain series, the term “indenture securities” means the one or more series of debt securities with respect to which each respective trustee is acting. In the event that there is more than one trustee under the indenture, the powers and trust obligations of each trustee described in this prospectus will extend only to the one or more series of indenture securities for which it is trustee. If two or more trustees are acting under the indenture, then the indenture securities for which each trustee is acting would be treated as if issued under separate indentures.
The indenture does not contain any provisions that give you protection in the event we issue a large amount of debt or we are acquired by another entity.
We refer you to the prospectus supplement for information with respect to any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the Events of Default or our covenants that are described below, including any addition of a covenant or other provision providing event risk protection or similar protection.
We have the ability to issue indenture securities with terms different from those of indenture securities previously issued and, without the consent of the holders thereof, to reopen a previous issue of a series of indenture securities and issue additional indenture securities of that series unless the reopening was restricted when that series was created.
 
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Conversion and Exchange
If any debt securities are convertible into or exchangeable for other securities, the prospectus supplement will explain the terms and conditions of the conversion or exchange, including the conversion price or exchange ratio (or the calculation method), the conversion or exchange period (or how the period will be determined), if conversion or exchange will be mandatory or at the option of the holder or us, provisions for adjusting the conversion price or the exchange ratio and provisions affecting conversion or exchange in the event of the redemption of the underlying debt securities. These terms may also include provisions under which the number or amount of other securities to be received by the holders of the debt securities upon conversion or exchange would be calculated according to the market price of the other securities as of a time stated in the prospectus supplement.
Issuance of Securities in Registered Form
We may issue the debt securities in registered form, in which case we may issue them either in book-entry form only or in “certificated” form. Debt securities issued in book-entry form will be represented by global securities. We expect that we will usually issue debt securities in book-entry only form represented by global securities.
Book-Entry Holders
We will issue registered debt securities in book-entry form only, unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement. This means debt securities will be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a depositary that will hold them on behalf of financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system. These participating institutions, in turn, hold beneficial interests in the debt securities held by the depositary or its nominee. These institutions may hold these interests on behalf of themselves or customers.
Under the indenture, only the person in whose name a debt security is registered is recognized as the holder of that debt security. Consequently, for debt securities issued in book-entry form, we will recognize only the depositary as the holder of the debt securities and we will make all payments on the debt securities to the depositary. The depositary will then pass along the payments it receives to its participants, which in turn will pass the payments along to their customers who are the beneficial owners. The depositary and its participants do so under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers; they are not obligated to do so under the terms of the debt securities.
As a result, investors will not own debt securities directly. Instead, they will own beneficial interests in a global security, through a bank, broker or other financial institution that participates in the depositary’s book-entry system or holds an interest through a participant. As long as the debt securities are represented by one or more global securities, investors will be indirect holders, and not holders, of the debt securities.
Street Name Holders
We may issue debt securities in certificated form or terminate a global security. In these cases, investors may choose to hold their debt securities in their own names or in “street name.” Debt securities held in street name are registered in the name of a bank, broker or other financial institution chosen by the investor, and the investor would hold a beneficial interest in those debt securities through the account he or she maintains at that institution.
For debt securities held in street name, we will recognize only the intermediary banks, brokers and other financial institutions in whose names the debt securities are registered as the holders of those debt securities, and we will make all payments on those debt securities to them. These institutions will pass along the payments they
 
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receive to their customers who are the beneficial owners, but only because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required to do so. Investors who hold debt securities in street name will be indirect holders, and not holders, of the debt securities.
Legal Holders
Our obligations, as well as the obligations of the applicable trustee and those of any third parties employed by us or the applicable trustee, run only to the legal holders of the debt securities. We do not have obligations to investors who hold beneficial interests in global securities, in street name or by any other indirect means. This will be the case whether an investor chooses to be an indirect holder of a debt security or has no choice because we are issuing the debt securities only in book-entry form.
For example, once we make a payment or give a notice to the holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment or notice even if that holder is required, under agreements with depositary participants or customers or by law, to pass it along to the indirect holders but does not do so. Similarly, if we want to obtain the approval of the holders for any purpose (for example, to amend an indenture or to relieve us of the consequences of a default or of our obligation to comply with a particular provision of an indenture), we would seek the approval only from the holders, and not the indirect holders, of the debt securities. Whether and how the holders contact the indirect holders is up to the holders.
When we refer to you in this Description of Our Debt Securities, we mean those who invest in the debt securities being offered by this prospectus, whether they are the holders or only indirect holders of those debt securities. When we refer to your debt securities, we mean the debt securities in which you hold a direct or indirect interest.
Special Considerations for Indirect Holders
If you hold debt securities through a bank, broker or other financial institution, either in book-entry form or in street name, we urge you to check with that institution to find out:
 
   
how it handles securities payments and notices;
 
   
whether it imposes fees or charges;
 
   
how it would handle a request for the holders’ consent, if ever required;
 
   
whether and how you can instruct it to send you debt securities registered in your own name so you can be a holder, if that is permitted in the future for a particular series of debt securities;
 
   
how it would exercise rights under the debt securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests; and
 
   
if the debt securities are in book-entry form, how the depositary’s rules and procedures will affect these matters.
Global Securities
As noted above, we usually will issue debt securities as registered securities in book-entry form only. A global security represents one or any other number of individual debt securities. Generally, all debt securities represented by the same global securities will have the same terms.
Each debt security issued in book-entry form will be represented by a global security that we deposit with and register in the name of a financial institution or its nominee that we select. The financial institution that we select for this purpose is called the depositary. Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, known as DTC, will be the depositary for all debt securities issued in book-entry form.
 
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A global security may not be transferred to or registered in the name of anyone other than the depositary or its nominee, unless special termination situations arise. We describe those situations below under “
—Termination of a Global Security
.” As a result of these arrangements, the depositary, or its nominee, will be the sole registered owner and holder of all debt securities represented by a global security, and investors will be permitted to own only beneficial interests in a global security. Beneficial interests must be held by means of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary or with another institution that has an account with the depositary. Thus, an investor whose security is represented by a global security will not be a holder of the debt security, but only an indirect holder of a beneficial interest in the global security.
Special Considerations for Global Securities
As an indirect holder, an investor’s rights relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. The depositary that holds the global security will be considered the holder of the debt securities represented by the global security.
If debt securities are issued only in the form of a global security, an investor should be aware of the following:
 
   
an investor cannot cause the debt securities to be registered in his or her name and cannot obtain certificates for his or her interest in the debt securities, except in the special situations we describe below;
 
   
an investor will be an indirect holder and must look to his or her own bank or broker for payments on the debt securities and protection of his or her legal rights relating to the debt securities, as we describe under “
—Issuance of Securities in Registered Form
” above;
 
   
an investor may not be able to sell interests in the debt securities to some insurance companies and other institutions that are required by law to own their securities in
non-book-entry
form;
 
   
an investor may not be able to pledge his or her interest in a global security in circumstances where certificates representing the debt securities must be delivered to the lender or other beneficiary of the pledge in order for the pledge to be effective;
 
   
the depositary’s policies, which may change from time to time, will govern payments, transfers, exchanges and other matters relating to an investor’s interest in a global security. We and the trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in a global security. We and the trustee also do not supervise the depositary in any way;
 
   
if we redeem less than all the debt securities of a particular series being redeemed, DTC’s practice is to determine by lot the amount to be redeemed from each of its participants holding that series;
 
   
an investor is required to give notice of exercise of any option to elect repayment of its debt securities, through its participant, to the applicable trustee and to deliver the related debt securities by causing its participant to transfer its interest in those debt securities, on DTC’s records, to the applicable trustee;
 
   
DTC requires that those who purchase and sell interests in a global security deposited in its book-entry system use immediately available funds; your broker or bank may also require you to use immediately available funds when purchasing or selling interests in a global security; and
 
   
financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system, and through which an investor holds its interest in a global security, may also have their own policies affecting payments, notices and other matters relating to the debt securities; there may be more than one financial intermediary in the chain of ownership for an investor; we do not monitor and are not responsible for the actions of any of those intermediaries.
 
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Termination of a Global Security
If a global security is terminated for any reason, interests in it will be exchanged for certificates in
non-book-entry
form (certificated securities). After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold the certificated debt securities directly or in street name will be up to the investor. Investors must consult their own banks or brokers to find out how to have their interests in a global security transferred on termination to their own names, so that they will be holders. We have described the rights of legal holders and street name investors under “—
Issuance of Securities in Registered Form
” above.
The prospectus supplement may list situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to the particular series of debt securities covered by the prospectus supplement. If a global security is terminated, only the depositary, and not we or the applicable trustee, is responsible for deciding the investors in whose names the debt securities represented by the global security will be registered and, therefore, who will be the holders of those debt securities.
Payment and Paying Agents
We will pay interest to the person listed in the applicable trustee’s records as the owner of the debt security at the close of business on a particular day in advance of each due date for interest, even if that person no longer owns the debt security on the interest due date. That day, usually about two weeks in advance of the interest due date, is called the “record date.” Because we will pay all the interest for an interest period to the holders on the record date, holders buying and selling debt securities must work out between themselves the appropriate purchase price. The most common manner is to adjust the sales price of the debt securities to prorate interest fairly between buyer and seller based on their respective ownership periods within the particular interest period. This prorated interest amount is called “accrued interest.”
Payments on Global Securities
We will make payments on a global security in accordance with the applicable policies of the depositary as in effect from time to time. Under those policies, we will make payments directly to the depositary, or its nominee, and not to any indirect holders who own beneficial interests in the global security. An indirect holder’s right to those payments will be governed by the rules and practices of the depositary and its participants, as described under “—
Special Considerations for Global Securities
.”
Payments on Certificated Securities
We will make payments on a certificated debt security as follows. We will pay interest that is due on an interest payment date to the holder of debt securities as shown on the trustee’s records as of the close of business on the regular record date at our office and/or at other offices that may be specified in the prospectus supplement. We will make all payments of principal and premium, if any, by check at our offices, the office of the applicable trustee and/or at other offices that may be specified in the prospectus supplement or in a notice to holders against surrender of the debt security.
Alternatively, at our option, we may pay any cash interest that becomes due on the debt security by mailing a check to the holder at his, her or its address shown on the trustee’s records as of the close of business on the regular record date or by transfer to an account at a bank in the United States, in either case, on the due date.
Payment When Offices Are Closed
If any payment is due on a debt security on a day that is not a business day, we will make the payment on the next day that is a business day. Payments made on the next business day in this situation will be treated under the indenture as if they were made on the original due date, except as otherwise indicated in the attached
 
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prospectus supplement. Such payment will not result in a default under any debt security or the indenture, and no interest will accrue on the payment amount from the original due date to the next day that is a business day.
Book-entry and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how they will receive payments on their debt securities.
Events of Default
You will have rights if an Event of Default occurs in respect of the debt securities of your series and is not cured, as described later in this subsection.
The term “Event of Default” in respect of the debt securities of your series means any of the following (unless the prospectus supplement relating to such debt securities states otherwise):
 
   
we do not pay the principal of (or premium, if any, on) a debt security of the series when due, and such default is not cured within five days;
 
   
we do not pay interest on a debt security of the series when due, and such default is not cured within 30 days;
 
   
we do not deposit any sinking fund payment in respect of debt securities of the series within five days of its due date;
 
   
we remain in default in the performance, or in breach, of a covenant or agreement in respect of debt securities of the series for 90 days after we receive a written notice of default stating we are in breach (the notice must be sent by either the trustee or holders of at least 25% of the principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the series);
 
   
we file for bankruptcy or certain other events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur and remain undischarged or unstayed for a period of 90 days;
 
   
the series of debt securities has an asset coverage, as such term is defined in the 1940 Act, of less than 100% on the last business day of each of twenty-four consecutive calendar months, after giving effect to any exemptive relief granted to the Company by the SEC; or
 
   
any other Event of Default in respect of debt securities of the series described in the prospectus supplement occurs.
An Event of Default for a particular series of debt securities does not necessarily constitute an Event of Default for any other series of debt securities issued under the same or any other indenture. The trustee may withhold notice to the holders of debt securities of any default, except in the payment of principal, premium, interest, or sinking or purchase fund installment, if it in good faith considers the withholding of notice to be in the interest of the holders.
Remedies if an Event of Default Occurs
If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the affected series may (and the trustee shall at the request of such holders) declare the entire principal amount of all the debt securities of that series to be due and immediately payable. This is called a declaration of acceleration of maturity. A declaration of acceleration of maturity may be canceled by the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the affected series by written notice to us and the trustee if (1) we have deposited with the trustee all amounts due and owing with respect to the securities (other than principal that has become due solely by reason of such acceleration) and certain other amounts, and (2) any other Events of Default (other than nonpayment of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest that has become due solely by reason of such acceleration) have been cured or waived.
 
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The trustee is not required to take any action under the indenture at the request of any holders unless the holders offer the trustee protection from expenses and liability reasonably satisfactory to it (called an “indemnity”). If indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it is provided, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the relevant series may direct the time, method and place of conducting any lawsuit or other formal legal action seeking any remedy available to the trustee. The trustee may refuse to follow those directions in certain circumstances. No delay or omission in exercising any right or remedy will be treated as a waiver of that right, remedy or Event of Default.
Before you are allowed to bypass your trustee and bring your own lawsuit or other formal legal action or take other steps to enforce your rights or protect your interests relating to the debt securities, the following must occur:
 
   
you must give the trustee written notice that an Event of Default with respect to the relevant series of debt securities has occurred and remains uncured;
 
   
the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities of the relevant series must make a written request that the trustee take action because of the Event of Default;
 
   
the holder or holders must offer the trustee indemnity, security or both, satisfactory to the trustee, against the costs, expenses and liabilities incurred of taking that action;
 
   
the trustee must not have taken action for 60 days after receipt of the above notice and offer of indemnity and/or security; and
 
   
the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series must not have given the trustee a direction inconsistent with the above notice during that
60-day
period.
However, you are entitled at any time to bring a lawsuit for the payment of money due on your debt securities on or after the due date.
Book-entry and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how to give notice or direction to or make a request of the trustee and how to declare or cancel an acceleration of maturity.
Each year, we will furnish to each trustee a written statement of certain of our officers certifying that to their knowledge we are in compliance with the indenture and the debt securities, or else specifying any default.
Waiver of Default
Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the affected series may waive any past defaults other than
 
   
the payment of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on any debt securities of the series; or
 
   
in respect of a covenant that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of each holder.
Merger or Consolidation
Under the terms of the indenture, we are generally permitted to consolidate or merge with another entity. We are also permitted to sell all or substantially all of our assets to another person. However, unless the prospectus supplement relating to certain debt securities states otherwise, we may not take any of these actions unless all the following conditions are met:
 
   
the Company shall be the continuing entity or the resulting entity or transferee shall be a corporation, statutory trust or limited liability company organized and existing under the laws of the United States or any state or territory thereof and must agree, in form reasonably satisfactory to the trustee, to be
 
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legally responsible for our obligations under the debt securities, including the punctual payment of the principal (or premium, if any) and interest, if any, on the debt securities and the performance of every covenant under the indenture and any supplement thereto related to the debt securities;
 
   
immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no default or Event of Default shall have happened and be continuing;
 
   
we must deliver certain certificates and documents to the trustee; and
 
   
we must satisfy any other requirements specified in the prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of debt securities.
Modification or Waiver
There are three types of changes we can make to the indenture and the debt securities issued thereunder.
Changes Requiring Your Approval
First, there are changes that we cannot make to your debt securities without your specific approval. The following is a list of those types of changes:
 
   
change the stated maturity of the principal of (or premium, if any) or any installment of principal of or interest on a debt security or the terms of any sinking fund with respect to any security;
 
   
reduce the principal amount or the rate of interest due on a debt security;
 
   
change the manner of calculating the rate of interest or any premium payable upon redemption or change any of our obligations to pay additional amounts under the indenture;
 
   
reduce the amount of principal payable upon acceleration of the maturity of an original issue discount or indexed security following a default or upon the redemption thereof or the amount thereof provable in a bankruptcy proceeding;
 
   
adversely affect any right of repayment at the holder’s option;
 
   
change the place or currency of payment on a debt security (except as otherwise described in the prospectus or prospectus supplement);
 
   
impair your right to sue for payment;
 
   
adversely affect any right to convert or exchange a debt security in accordance with its terms;
 
   
modify the subordination provisions in the indenture in a manner that is adverse to outstanding holders of the debt securities;
 
   
reduce the percentage in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series, the consent of whose holders is needed to modify or amend the indenture;
 
   
reduce the percentage in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series, the consent of whose holders is needed to waive compliance with certain provisions of the indenture or to waive certain defaults;
 
   
reduce the percentage in principal amount of the outstanding securities of any series, the consent of whose holders is needed to reduce the requirements for quorum or voting;
 
   
modify any other aspect of the provisions of the indenture dealing with supplemental indentures with the consent of holders, waiver of past defaults, changes to the quorum or voting requirements or the waiver of certain covenants; and
 
   
change any obligation we have to pay additional amounts.
 
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Changes Not Requiring Approval
The second type of change does not require the consent of the holders of the debt securities. This type is limited to clarifications, establishment of the form or terms of new securities of any series as permitted by the indenture and certain other changes that would not adversely affect holders of the outstanding debt securities in any material respect. We also do not need any approval to make any change that affects only debt securities to be issued under the indenture after the change takes effect.
Changes Requiring Majority Approval
Any other change to the indenture and the debt securities would require the following approval:
 
   
if the change affects only one series of debt securities, it must be approved by the holders of a majority in principal amount of that series; and
 
   
if the change affects more than one series of debt securities issued under the same indenture, it must be approved by the holders of a majority in principal amount of all of the series affected by the change, with all affected series voting together as one class for this purpose.
In each case, the required approval must be given by written consent.
The holders of a majority in principal amount of a series of debt securities issued under the indenture, voting together as one class for this purpose, may waive our compliance with some of our covenants applicable to that series of debt securities. However, we cannot obtain a waiver of a payment default or of any of the matters covered by the bullet points included above under “—
Changes Requiring Your Approval.
Further Details Concerning Voting
When taking a vote, we will use the following rules to decide how much principal to attribute to a debt security:
 
   
for original issue discount securities, we will use the principal amount that would be due and payable on the voting date if the maturity of these debt securities were accelerated to that date because of a default;
 
   
for debt securities whose principal amount is not known (for example, because it is based on an index), we will use the principal face amount at original issuance or a special rule for that debt security described in the prospectus supplement; and
 
   
for debt securities denominated in one or more foreign currencies, we will use the U.S. dollar equivalent.
Debt securities will not be considered outstanding, and therefore not eligible to vote, if we have deposited or set aside in trust money for their payment or redemption or if we, any other obligor, or any affiliate of us or any obligor own such debt securities. Debt securities will also not be eligible to vote if they have been fully defeased as described later under “—
Defeasance-Full Defeasance
.”
We will generally be entitled to set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the holders of outstanding indenture securities that are entitled to vote or take other action under the indenture. If we set a record date for a vote or other action to be taken by holders of one or more series, that vote or action may be taken only by persons who are holders of outstanding indenture securities of those series on the record date and must be taken within eleven months following the record date.
Book-entry and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how approval may be granted or denied if we seek to change the indenture or the debt securities or request a waiver.
 
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Defeasance
The following provisions will be applicable to each series of debt securities unless we state in the applicable prospectus supplement that the provisions of covenant defeasance and full defeasance will not be applicable to that series.
Covenant Defeasance
Under current U.S. federal tax law and the indenture, we can make the deposit described below and be released from some of the restrictive covenants in the indenture under which the particular series was issued. This is called “covenant defeasance.” In that event, you would lose the protection of those restrictive covenants but would gain the protection of having money and government securities set aside in trust to repay your debt securities. If we achieved covenant defeasance and your debt securities were subordinated as described under “—
Indenture Provisions-Subordination
” below, such subordination would not prevent the trustee under the indenture from applying the funds available to it from the deposit described in the first bullet below to the payment of amounts due in respect of such debt securities for the benefit of the subordinated debt holders. In order to achieve covenant defeasance, we must do the following:
 
   
we must irrevocably deposit in trust for the benefit of all holders of a series of debt securities (1) an amount (in such currency in which such securities are then specified as payable at stated maturity), (2) government obligations applicable to such securities (determined on the basis of the currency in which such securities are then specified as payable at stated maturity), or (3) a combination thereof in an amount, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the trustee, to generate enough cash to make interest, principal and any other payments on the debt securities on their various due dates and any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments;
 
   
covenant defeasance must not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, the indenture or any of our other material agreements or instruments;
 
   
we must deliver to the trustee a legal opinion of our counsel confirming that, under current U.S. federal income tax law, we may make the above deposit without causing holders of outstanding securities to be taxed on the debt securities any differently than if covenant defeasance had not occurred;
 
   
no default or event of default with respect to such debt securities shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of the deposit and no defaults or events of default related to bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization shall occur during the next 90 days;
 
   
we must deliver to the trustee an officers’ certificate and legal opinion stating that all conditions precedent to covenant defeasance have been complied with; and
 
   
satisfy the terms, conditions or limitations for covenant defeasance contained in any supplemental indentures.
If we accomplish covenant defeasance, you can still look to us for repayment of the debt securities if there were a shortfall in the trust deposit or the trustee is prevented from making payment. For example, if one of the remaining Events of Default occurred (such as our bankruptcy) and the debt securities became immediately due and payable, there might be such a shortfall. However, there is no assurance that we would have sufficient funds to make payment of the shortfall.
 
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Full Defeasance
If there is a change in U.S. federal tax law or we obtain an IRS ruling, as described in the second bullet below, we can legally release ourselves from all payment and other obligations on the debt securities of a particular series (called “full defeasance”) if we put in place the following other arrangements for you to be repaid:
 
   
we must irrevocably deposit in trust for the benefit of all holders of a series of debt securities (1) an amount (in such currency in which such securities are then specified as payable at stated maturity), (2) government obligations applicable to such securities (determined on the basis of the currency in which such securities are then specified as payable at stated maturity), or (3) a combination thereof in an amount, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the trustee, to generate enough cash to make interest, principal and any other payments on the debt securities on their various due dates and any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments;
 
   
defeasance must not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, the indenture or any of our other material agreements or instruments;
 
   
we must deliver to the trustee a legal opinion of our counsel confirming that there has been a change in current U.S. federal tax law or an IRS ruling that allows us to make the above deposit without causing you to recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such defeasance and to be taxed on the debt securities any differently than if we did not make the deposit. Under current U.S. federal tax law, the deposit and our legal release from the debt securities would be treated as though we paid you your share of the cash and notes or bonds at the time the cash and notes or bonds were deposited in trust in exchange for your debt securities and you would recognize gain or loss on the debt securities at the time of the deposit;
 
   
no default or event of default with respect to such debt securities shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of the deposit and no defaults or events of default related to bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization shall occur during the next 90 days; and
 
   
we must deliver to the trustee an officers’ certificate and legal opinion stating that all conditions precedent to defeasance have been complied with;
 
   
satisfy the terms, conditions or limitations for full defeasance contained in any supplemental indentures.
If we ever did accomplish full defeasance, as described above, you would have to rely solely on the trust deposit for repayment of the debt securities. You could not look to us for repayment in the unlikely event of any shortfall. Conversely, the trust deposit would most likely be protected from claims of our lenders and other creditors if we ever became bankrupt or insolvent. If your debt securities were subordinated as described later under “—
Indenture Provisions-Subordination
”, such subordination would not prevent the trustee under the indenture from applying the funds available to it from the deposit referred to in the first bullet of the preceding paragraph to the payment of amounts due in respect of such debt securities for the benefit of the subordinated debt holders.
Form, Exchange and Transfer of Certificated Registered Securities
If registered debt securities cease to be issued in book-entry form, they will be issued:
 
   
only in fully registered certificated form;
 
   
without interest coupons; and
 
   
unless we indicate otherwise in the prospectus supplement, in denominations of $1,000 and amounts that are multiples of $1,000.
 
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Holders may exchange their certificated securities for debt securities of smaller denominations or combined into fewer debt securities of larger denominations, as long as the total principal amount is not changed and as long as the denomination is greater than the minimum denomination for such securities.
Holders may exchange or transfer their certificated securities at the office of the trustee. We have appointed the trustee to act as our agent for registering debt securities in the names of holders transferring debt securities. We may appoint another entity to perform these functions or perform them ourselves.
Holders will not be required to pay a service charge to transfer or exchange their certificated securities, but they may be required to pay any tax or other governmental charge associated with the transfer or exchange. The transfer or exchange will be made only if our transfer agent is satisfied with the holder’s proof of legal ownership.
If we have designated additional transfer agents for your debt security, they will be named in the prospectus supplement. We may appoint additional transfer agents or cancel the appointment of any particular transfer agent. We may also approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts.
If any certificated securities of a particular series are redeemable and we redeem less than all the debt securities of that series, we may block the transfer or exchange of those debt securities during the period beginning 15 days before the day we mail the notice of redemption and ending on the day of that mailing, in order to freeze the list of holders to prepare the mailing. We may also refuse to register transfers or exchanges of any certificated securities selected for redemption, except that we will continue to permit transfers and exchanges of the unredeemed portion of any debt security that will be partially redeemed.
If a registered debt security is issued in book-entry form, only the depositary will be entitled to transfer and exchange the debt security as described in this subsection, since it will be the sole holder of the debt security.
Resignation of Trustee
Each trustee may resign or be removed with respect to one or more series of indenture securities provided that a successor trustee is appointed to act with respect to these series and has accepted such appointment. In the event that two or more persons are acting as trustee with respect to different series of indenture securities under the indenture, each of the trustees will be a trustee of a trust separate and apart from the trust administered by any other trustee.
Indenture Provisions-Subordination
Upon any distribution of our assets upon our dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization, the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on any indenture securities denominated as subordinated debt securities is to be subordinated to the extent provided in the indenture in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness (as defined below), but our obligation to you to make payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on such subordinated debt securities will not otherwise be affected. In addition, no payment on account of principal (or premium, if any), sinking fund or interest, if any, may be made on such subordinated debt securities at any time unless full payment of all amounts due in respect of the principal (and premium, if any), sinking fund and interest on Senior Indebtedness has been made or duly provided for in money or money’s worth.
In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment by us is received by the trustee in respect of subordinated debt securities or by the holders of any of such subordinated debt securities, upon our dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization before all Senior Indebtedness is paid in full, the payment or distribution received by the trustee in respect of such subordinated debt securities or by the holders of any of such subordinated debt securities must be paid over to the holders of the Senior Indebtedness or on their behalf
 
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for application to the payment of all the Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid until all the Senior Indebtedness has been paid in full, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution to the holders of the Senior Indebtedness. Subject to the payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness upon this distribution by us, the holders of such subordinated debt securities will be subrogated to the rights of the holders of the Senior Indebtedness to the extent of payments made to the holders of the Senior Indebtedness out of the distributive share of such subordinated debt securities.
By reason of this subordination, in the event of a distribution of our assets upon our insolvency, certain of our senior creditors may recover more, ratably, than holders of any subordinated debt securities or the holders of any indenture securities that are not Senior Indebtedness. The indenture provides that these subordination provisions will not apply to money and securities held in trust under the defeasance provisions of the indenture.
Senior Indebtedness is defined in the indenture as the principal of (and premium, if any) and unpaid interest on:
 
   
our indebtedness (including indebtedness of others guaranteed by us), whenever created, incurred, assumed or guaranteed, for money borrowed, that we have designated as “Senior Indebtedness” for purposes of the indenture and in accordance with the terms of the indenture (including any indenture securities designated as Senior Indebtedness), and
 
   
renewals, extensions, modifications and refinancings of any of this indebtedness.
If this prospectus is being delivered in connection with the offering of a series of indenture securities denominated as subordinated debt securities, the accompanying prospectus supplement will set forth the approximate amount of our Senior Indebtedness and of our other Indebtedness outstanding as of a recent date.
Secured Indebtedness and Ranking
Certain of our indebtedness, including certain series of indenture securities, may be secured. The prospectus supplement for each series of indenture securities will describe the terms of any security interest for such series and will indicate the approximate amount of our secured indebtedness as of a recent date. Any unsecured indenture securities will effectively rank junior to any secured indebtedness, including any secured indenture securities, that we incur in the future to the extent of the value of the assets securing such future secured indebtedness. The debt securities, whether secured or unsecured, of the Company will rank structurally junior to all existing and future indebtedness (including trade payables) incurred by our subsidiaries, financing vehicles or similar facilities (i.e., the holders of the debt securities will not have access to the assets of the Company’s subsidiaries, financing vehicles or similar facilities until after all of these entities’ creditors have been paid and the remaining assets have been distributed up to the Company as the equity holder of these entities).
In the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization or other winding up, any of our assets that secure secured debt will be available to pay obligations on unsecured debt securities only after all indebtedness under such secured debt has been repaid in full from such assets. We advise you that there may not be sufficient assets remaining to pay amounts due on any or all unsecured debt securities then outstanding after fulfillment of this obligation. As a result, the holders of unsecured indenture securities may recover less, ratably, than holders of any of our secured indebtedness.
The Trustee under the Indenture
U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association serves as the trustee under the indenture.
 
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Certain Considerations Relating to Foreign Currencies
Debt securities denominated or payable in foreign currencies may entail significant risks. These risks include the possibility of significant fluctuations in the foreign currency markets, the imposition or modification of foreign exchange controls and potential illiquidity in the secondary market. These risks will vary depending upon the currency or currencies involved and will be more fully described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
 
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CUSTODIAN, TRANSFER AND DISTRIBUTION PAYING AGENT AND REGISTRAR
Our securities are held by our custodian, State Street Bank and Trust Company, or State Street, pursuant to a custody agreement. We have also engaged State Street to serve as our transfer agent, distribution paying agent and registrar. State Street’s address is: 100 Summer Street, Floor 5, Boston, Massachusetts 02110.
 
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PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
Since we will generally acquire and dispose of investments in privately negotiated transactions, we will infrequently use brokers in the normal course of our business. Subject to policies established by our Board of Directors, our Adviser will be primarily responsible for the execution of the publicly traded securities portion of our portfolio transactions and the allocation of brokerage commissions. Our Adviser does not expect to execute transactions through any particular broker or dealer but will seek to obtain the best net results for us under the circumstances, taking into account such factors as price (including the applicable brokerage commission or dealer spread), size of order, difficulty of execution and operational facilities of the firm and the firm’s risk and skill in positioning blocks of securities. While our Adviser generally will seek reasonably competitive trade execution costs, we will not necessarily pay the lowest spread or commission available. Subject to applicable legal requirements and consistent with Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act, our Adviser may select a broker based partly upon brokerage or research services provided to us, our Adviser and any other accounts. Such brokerage or research services may include research reports on companies, industries and securities; economic and financial data; financial publications; computer data bases; quotation equipment and services; and research-oriented computer hardware, software and other services. In return for such services, we may pay a higher commission than other brokers would charge if our Adviser determines in good faith that such commission is reasonable in relation to the services provided.
We have not paid any brokerage commissions during the three most recent fiscal years.
 
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We may offer, from time to time, in one or more offerings or series, together or separately, our common stock, preferred stock, warrants representing rights to purchase shares of our common stock, preferred stock or debt securities, subscription rights or debt securities in one or more underwritten public offerings,
at-the-market
offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades, best efforts or a combination of these methods. We may sell the securities through underwriters or dealers, directly to one or more purchasers, including existing stockholders in a rights offering, through agents or through a combination of any such methods of sale. Any underwriter or agent involved in the offer and sale of the securities will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement. A prospectus supplement or supplements will also describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including: the purchase price of the securities and the proceeds, if any, we will receive from the sale; any over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us; any agency fees or underwriting discounts and other items constituting agents’ or underwriters’ compensation; the public offering price; any discounts or concessions allowed or
re-allowed
or paid to dealers; and any securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed. Only underwriters named in the prospectus supplement will be underwriters of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement.
The distribution of the securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market prices, or at negotiated prices, provided, however, that the offering price per share of our common stock, less any underwriting commissions or discounts, must equal or exceed the net asset value per share of our common stock at the time of the offering except (1) in connection with a rights offering to our existing stockholders, (2) offerings completed within one year of the receipt of consent of the majority of our common stockholders or (3) under such circumstances as the SEC may permit. The price at which securities may be distributed may represent a discount from prevailing market prices.
In connection with the sale of the securities, underwriters or agents may receive compensation from us or from purchasers of the securities, for whom they may act as agents, in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions. Our common stockholders will indirectly bear such fees and expenses as well as any other fees and expenses incurred by us in connection with any sale of securities. Underwriters may sell the securities to or through dealers and such dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters under the Securities Act, and any discounts and commissions they receive from us and any profit realized by them on the resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Any such underwriter or agent will be identified and any such compensation received from us will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. We may also reimburse the underwriter or agent for certain fees and legal expenses incurred by it.
Any underwriter may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, short-covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Over-allotment involves sales in excess of the offering size, which create a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum price. Syndicate-covering or other short-covering transactions involve purchases of the securities, either through exercise of the over-allotment option or in the open market after the distribution is completed, to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a stabilizing or covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would otherwise be. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time.
Any underwriters that are qualified market makers on The New York Stock Exchange may engage in passive market making transactions in our common stock on The New York Stock Exchange in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act, during the business day prior to the pricing of the offering, before
 
97

the commencement of offers or sales of our common stock. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, however, the passive market maker’s bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded. Passive market making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
We may sell securities directly or through agents we designate from time to time. We will name any agent involved in the offering and sale of securities and we will describe any commissions we will pay the agent in the prospectus supplement. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, our agent will act on a best-efforts basis for the period of its appointment.
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, each class or series of securities will be a new issue with no trading market, other than our common stock, which is traded on The New York Stock Exchange. We may elect to list any other class or series of securities on any exchanges, but we are not obligated to do so. We cannot guarantee the liquidity of the trading markets for any securities.
Under agreements that we may enter, underwriters, dealers and agents who participate in the distribution of shares of our securities may be entitled to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribution with respect to payments that the agents or underwriters may make with respect to these liabilities. Underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of business.
If so indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will authorize underwriters or other persons acting as our agents to solicit offers by certain institutions to purchase our securities from us pursuant to contracts providing for payment and delivery on a future date. Institutions with which such contracts may be made include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational and charitable institutions and others, but in all cases such institutions must be approved by us. The obligations of any purchaser under any such contract will be subject to the condition that the purchase of our securities shall not at the time of delivery be prohibited under the laws of the jurisdiction to which such purchaser is subject. The underwriters and such other agents will not have any responsibility in respect of the validity or performance of such contracts. Such contracts will be subject only to those conditions set forth in the prospectus supplement, and the prospectus supplement will set forth the commission payable for solicitation of such contracts.
We may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third parties in such sale transactions will be underwriters and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement.
In order to comply with the securities laws of certain states, if applicable, our securities offered hereby will be sold in such jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in certain states, the securities may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and is complied with.
 
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LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters regarding the securities offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for the Company by Dechert LLP, Boston, MA. Certain legal matters in connection with the offering will be passed upon for the underwriters, if any, by the counsel named in the applicable prospectus supplement.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of the Company incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement have been
audited
by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance upon the report of such firm, given their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
The principal business address of Deloitte & Touche LLP is 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York, 10112.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and current periodic reports, proxy statements and other information meeting the informational requirements of the Exchange Act. This information is available free of charge on our website at www.msdl.com or by calling us at (212)
761-4000
or by email at msdl@morganstanley.com. The SEC maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information filed electronically by us with the SEC which are available free of charge on the SEC’s Internet website at http://www.sec.gov. Information on our website and the SEC’s website is not incorporated into or a part of this prospectus. Copies of these reports, proxy and information statements and other information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by sending a request by email to: publicinfo@sec.gov.
All requests for information, including copies of documents incorporated by reference into this registration statement, should be directed to:
Investor Relations
Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund
1585 Broadway, 23rd Floor
New York, NY 10036
(212)
761-4000
msdl@morganstanley.com
 
99

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we have filed with the SEC. We are allowed to “incorporate by reference” the
information
that we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to comprise a part of this prospectus from the date we file that document. Any reports filed by us with the SEC before the date that any offering of any securities by means of this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement is terminated will automatically be incorporated and, where applicable, supersede any applicable information contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.
We incorporate by reference into this prospectus our filings listed below and any future filings (including those made after the date of the filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part) we will make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act until the termination of the offering of securities covered by this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement have been sold or we otherwise terminate the offering of these securities; provided, however, that information “furnished” under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form
8-K
or other information “furnished” to the SEC, which is not deemed filed, is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement (unless specifically set forth in such filing). Information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and may supersede information in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and information previously filed with the SEC.
 
   
our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2024;
 
   
our Quarterly Reports on Form
10-Q
for the fiscal quarters ended March 31, 2024, June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2024, filed with the SEC on May 9, 2024, August 8, 2024 and November 7, 2024;
 
   
those portions of our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on April 23, 2024 that are incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2024;
 
   
our Current Report on Form
8-K
filed with the SEC on August 27, 2024; and
 
   
any description of shares of our common stock contained in a registration statement filed pursuant to the Exchange Act and any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.
To obtain copies of these filings, see “
Available Information
.”
You should rely only on the information incorporated by reference or provided in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different or additional information, and you should not rely on such information if you receive it. We are not making an offer of or soliciting an offer to buy, any securities in any state or other jurisdiction where such offer or sale is not permitted. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or in the documents incorporated by reference is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of this prospectus or those documents.
 
100

 
 
 
MORGAN STANLEY DIRECT LENDING FUND
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Warrants
Subscription Rights
Debt Securities
 
 
PROSPECTUS
 
 
November 26, 2024
 
 
 


PART C

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 25. Financial Statements and Exhibits

 

  (1)

Financial Statements

The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2024 have been incorporated by reference in this registration statement in “Part AInformation Required in a Prospectus.”

The consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 have been incorporated by reference in this registration statement in “Part AInformation Required in a Prospectus” in reliance on the report of Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

  (2)

Exhibits

 

(a)   Form of Certificate of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-12G/A filed by the Company on November 19, 2019 (File No. 000-56098)).
(b)(1)   Form of Bylaws (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-12G/A filed by the Company on November 19, 2019 (File No. 000-56098)).
(b)(2)   Amended and Restated Bylaws (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10- Q, filed by the Company on May 10, 2023 (File No. 814-01332))
(c)   Not applicable.
(d)(1)   Indenture, dated as of February 11, 2022, by and between the Company and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on February 11, 2022 (File No. 814-01332)).
(d)(2)   Statement of Eligibility of U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee, with respect to Form of Indenture on Form T-1.*
(d)(3)   First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 11, 2022, relating to the 4.500% Notes due 2027, by and between the Company and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on February 11, 2022 (File No. 814-01332)).
(d)(4)   Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 17, 2024, relating to the 6.150% Notes due 2029, by and between the Company and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on May 17, 2024 (File No. 814-01332)).
(d)(5)   Form of 4.500% Notes due 2027 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on February 11, 2022 (File No. 814-01332)).
(d)(6)   Form of 6.150% Notes due 2029 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on May 17, 2024 (File No. 814-01332)).
(e)   Amended and Restated Dividend Reinvestment Plan (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed by the Company on November 7, 2024 (File No. 814-01332)).
(f)   Not applicable.

 

C-1


(g)(1)   Form of Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Post Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form N-2, filed by the Company on January 30, 2024 (File No. 333-276056)).
(g)(2)   Form of Waiver Letter Agreement to the Investment Advisory Agreement (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-12G/A filed by the Company on November 19, 2019 (File No. 000-56098)).
(h)(1)   Form of Underwriting Agreement for equity securities.**
(h)(2)   Form of Underwriting Agreement for debt securities.**
(i)   Not applicable.
(j)   Form of Custody Agreement (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-12G/A filed by the Company on November 19, 2019 (File No. 000-56098)).
(k)(1)   Form of Administration Agreement (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-12G/A filed by the Company on November 19, 2019 (File No. 000-56098)).
(k)(2)   Form of Indemnification Agreement (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-12G/A filed by the Company on November 19, 2019 (File No. 000-56098)).
(k)(3)   Form of License Agreement (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-12G/A filed by the Company on November 19, 2019 (File No. 000-56098)).
(k)(4)   Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of October 14, 2020, between DLF Financing SPV LLC, as purchaser, and Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as seller (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on October 20, 2020 (File No. 814-01332)).
(k)(5)   Revolving Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of October 14, 2020, among DLF Financing SPV LLC, as borrower, the lenders from time to time parties thereto, BNP Paribas, as administrative agent and lender, Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as equity holder and servicer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on October 20, 2020 (File No. 814-01332)).
(k)(6)   Amendment No. 1 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of December 11, 2020, among DLF Financing SPV LLC, as borrower, the lenders from time to time parties thereto, BNP Paribas, as administrative agent and lender, Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as equity holder and servicer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed by the Company on March 19, 2021 (File No. 814-01332)).
(k)(7)   Amendment No. 2 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of March 2, 2021, among DLF Financing SPV LLC, as borrower, the lenders from time to time parties thereto, BNP Paribas, as administrative agent and lender, Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as equity holder and servicer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed by the Company on March 19, 2021 (File No. 814-01332)).
(k)(8)   Amendment No. 3 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of September 22, 2023, among DLF Financing SPV LLC, as borrower, the lenders from time to time parties thereto, BNP Paribas, as administrative agent and lender, Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as equity holder and servicer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on September 28, 2023 (File No. 814-01332)).

 

C-2


(k)(9)   Amendment No. 4 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of June 26, 2024, among DLF Financing SPV LLC, as borrower, the lenders from time to time parties thereto, BNP Paribas, as administrative agent and lender, Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as equity holder and servicer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed by the Company on August 8, 2024 (File No. 814-01332)).
(k)(10)   Amendment No. 5 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of August 21, 2024, among DLF Financing SPV LLC, as borrower, the lenders from time to time parties thereto, BNP Paribas, as administrative agent and lender, Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as equity holder and servicer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on August 27, 2024 (File No. 814-01332)).
(k)(11)   Senior Secured Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of July 16, 2021, among Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as Borrower, the Lenders and Issuing Banks party thereto, Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent, and Truist Securities, Inc., as Joint Lead Arranger and Sole Book Runner (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on July 22, 2021 (File No. 814-01332)).
(k)(12)   Amendment No. 1 to Senior Secured Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of December 3, 2021, among Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as Borrower, the Lenders and Issuing Banks party thereto, Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent, and Truist Securities, Inc., as Joint Lead Arranger and Sole Book Runner (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed by the Company on March 18, 2022 (File No. 814-01332 )).
(k)(13)   Amendment No. 2 to Senior Secured Revolving Credit Agreement, dated May 20, 2022, among Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as Borrower, the Lenders party thereto, and Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on May 20, 2022 (File No. 814-01332)).
(k)(14)   Amendment No. 3 to Senior Secured Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of January 31, 2023, among Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as Borrower, the Lenders and Issuing Banks party thereto, Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent, Truist Securities, Inc, as Joint Lead Arranger and Sole Book Runner, and ING Capital LLC, MUFG Bank, LTD and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, as Joint Lead Arrangers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on February 6, 2023 (File No. 814-01332)).
(k)(15)   Amendment No. 4 to Senior Secured Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of April 19, 2024, among Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, as Borrower, the Lenders and Issuing Banks party thereto, Truist Bank, as Administrative Agent, and Truist Securities, Inc., as Joint Lead Arranger and Sole Book Runner, and ING Capital LLC, MUFG Bank, Ltd., and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, as additional Joint Lead Arrangers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on April 23, 2024 (File No. 814-01332)).
(k)(16)   Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 11, 2022, relating to the 4.500% Notes due 2027, by and among the Company and SMBC Nikko Securities America, Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, MUFG Securities Americas Inc. and Truist Securities, Inc., as the representatives of the Initial Purchasers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on February 11, 2022 (File No. 814-01332)).
(k)(17)   Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of May 17, 2024, relating to the 6.150% Notes due 2029, by and among the Company and Truist Securities, Inc., BNP Paribas Securities Corp., ING Financial Markets LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and SMBC Nikko Securities America, Inc., as the representatives of the Initial Purchasers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on May 17, 2024 (File No. 814-01332)).

 

C-3


(k)(18)   Master Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 13, 2022, by and among Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund and the Purchasers party thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by the Company on September 14, 2022 (File No. 814-01332)).
(l)   Opinion and Consent of Dechert LLP.*
(m)   Not applicable.
(n)(1)   Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.*
(n)(2)   Report of Deloitte & Touche LLP, Independent Registered Accounting Firm, with respect to the “Senior Securities” table.*
(o)   Not applicable.
(p)   Not applicable.
(q)   Not applicable.
(r)(1)   Code of Ethics of Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-12G/A filed by the Company on November 19, 2019 (File No. 000-56098)).
(r)(2)   Code of Ethics of MS Capital Partners Adviser Inc. (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-12G/A filed by the Company on November 19, 2019 (File No. 000-56098)).
(s)(1)   Filing Fee Table*
(s)(2)   Power of Attorney(see signature page to this registration statement).*

 

*

Filed herewith.

**

To be filed by post-effective amendment or incorporated by reference, as applicable.

 

C-4


Item 26. Marketing Arrangements

The information contained under the heading “Plan of Distribution” in this Registration Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 27. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution

 

SEC registration fee

     (1)  

NYSE additional listing Fee

     (2)  

Financial Industry Regulatory Authority fees

     (2)  

Printing expenses

     (2)  

Accounting fees and expenses

     (2)  

Legal fees and expenses

     (2)  

Miscellaneous

     (2)  
  

 

 

 

Total

     (2)  
  

 

 

 

 

(1)

In accordance with Rules 456(b), 457(r) and 415(a)(6) promulgated under the Securities Act, we are deferring payment of all of the registration fees. Any registration fees will be paid subsequently on a pay-as-you-go basis.

(2)

These fees will be calculated based on the securities offered and the number of issuances and accordingly, cannot be estimated at this time. These fees, if any, will be reflected in the applicable prospectus supplement.

All of the expenses set forth above shall be borne by the Registrant.

Item 28. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant

The information contained under the headings “Business,” “Management,” “Certain Relationships and Related-Party Transactions” and “Control Persons and Principal Stockholders” in this Registration Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

The following table sets forth the Company’s direct subsidiaries, the state under whose laws the subsidiary is organized and the percentage of voting securities or membership interests owned by us in such subsidiary.

 

DLF CA SPV LLC (Delaware)

     100

DLF SPV LLC (Delaware)

     100

DLF Financing SPV LLC (Delaware)

     100

DLF Equity Holdings LLC (Delaware)

     100

Item 29. Number of Holders of Securities

The following table sets forth the approximate number of record holders of the Company’s common stock at November 21, 2024.

 

Title of Class

   Number of
Record
Holders
 

Common stock, par value $0.001 per share

     6,522  

Item 30. Indemnification

The information contained under the heading “Description of our Capital Stock—Limitation on Liability of Directors and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expense” is incorporated herein by reference.

 

C-5


We have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and officers. The indemnification agreements are intended to provide our directors the maximum indemnification permitted under Delaware law and the 1940 Act and are generally consistent with the indemnification provisions of the Company’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws. Each indemnification agreement provides that we will indemnify the Indemnitee, including the advancement of legal expenses, if, by reason of his or her corporate status, the Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be, made a party to or a witness in any threatened, pending, or completed proceeding, to the maximum extent permitted by Delaware law and the 1940 Act.

We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by us of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by us is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Our Investment Adviser

A description of any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which our Adviser, and each director or executive officer of our Adviser, is or has been during the past two fiscal years, engaged in for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee, is set forth in Part A of this Registration Statement in the section entitled “Management.” Additional information regarding our Adviser and its officers and directors is set forth in its Form ADV, as filed with the SEC (SEC File No. 801-69426), and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 32. Locations of Accounts and Records

All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the 1940 Act, and the rules thereunder are maintained at the offices of:

 

  (3)

the Registrant, Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, 1585 Broadway, 23rd Floor, New York, New York 10036

 

  (4)

the Transfer Agent and Custodian, State Street Bank and Trust Company, 100 Summer Street, Floor 5, Boston, Massachusetts 02110;

 

  (5)

the Adviser, Morgan Stanley, 1585 Broadway, 23rd Floor, New York, New York 10036

Item 33. Management Services

Not applicable.

Item 34. Undertakings

 

  1.

Not applicable.

 

  2.

Not applicable.

 

C-6


  3.

The Registrant undertakes:

 

  a.

To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:

 

  (1)

To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

 

  (2)

To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events after the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

 

  (3)

To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement or any material change to such information in the Registration Statement;

provided, however, that paragraphs 3(a)(1), 3(a)(2), and 3(a)(3) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is filed pursuant to General Instruction A.2 of Form N-2 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference into the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

 

  b.

that for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;

 

  c.

To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;

 

  d.

That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:

 

  (1)

If the Registrant is relying on Rule 430B:

 

  (A)

Each prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

 

  (B)

Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (x), or (xi) under the Securities Act for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10 (a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration

 

C-7


  statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or

 

  (2)

If the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C: each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

 

  e.

That for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities: The undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser:

 

  (1)

Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act;

 

  (2)

Free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrant;

 

  (3)

The portion of any other free writing prospectus or advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the Securities Act relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and

 

  (4)

Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.

 

  4.

The Registrant undertakes that:

 

  a.

For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant under Rule 424(b)(1) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective; and

 

  b.

For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

  5.

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the Registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that is incorporated by reference into the registration statement shall be deemed to

 

C-8


  be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

  6.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

  7.

The Registrant hereby undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery, within two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any prospectus or Statement of Additional Information.

 

C-9


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in New York City, and State of New York on the 26th day of November, 2024.

 

MORGAN STANLEY DIRECT LENDING FUND
By:  

/s/ Jeffrey S. Levin

  Name: Jeffrey S. Levin
  Title: Director and Chief Executive Officer

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENT, each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints each of Jeffrey S. Levin, Orit Mizrachi, Michael Occi and David Pessah as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Registration Statement on Form N-2 and any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, and to file the same, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully and to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them or his substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated. This document may be executed by the signatories hereto on any number of counterparts, all of which constitute one and the same instrument.

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/s/ Jeffrey S. Levin

   Director and Chief Executive Officer   November 26, 2024
Jeffrey S. Levin    (Principal Executive Officer)  

/s/ David Pessah

   Chief Financial Officer   November 26, 2024
David Pessah    (Principal Financial Officer)  

/s/ Jonathan Frohlinger

   Principal Accounting Officer   November 26, 2024
Jonathan Frohlinger     

/s/ David Miller

   Director & Chair   November 26, 2024
David Miller  

/s/ Joan Binstock

   Director   November 26, 2024
Joan Binstock  

/s/ Bruce Frank

   Director   November 26, 2024
Bruce Frank  

/s/ Adam Metz

   Director   November 26, 2024
Adam Metz  

/s/ Kevin Shannon

   Director   November 26, 2024
Kevin Shannon  

 

10

Exhibit (d)(2)

 

 

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM T-1

 

 

STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY

UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939

OF A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE

 

Check if an Application to Determine Eligibility of a Trustee Pursuant to Section 305(b)(2)

 

 

U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

(Exact name of Trustee as specified in its charter)

 

 

91-1821036

I.R.S. Employer Identification No.

 

800 Nicollet Mall

Minneapolis, Minnesota

  55402
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

Michelle Lee

U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association

100 Wall Street, 6th Floor

New York, NY 10005

(646) 971-4954

(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)

 

 

Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund

(Issuer with respect to the Securities)

 

 

 

Delaware   84-2009506

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

1585 Broadway, 23rd Floor

New York, NY

  10036
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)

 

 

Debt Securities

(Title of the Indenture Securities)

 

 

 


FORM T-1

 

Item 1.

GENERAL INFORMATION. Furnish the following information as to the Trustee.

 

  a)

Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject.

Comptroller of the Currency

Washington, D.C.

 

  b)

Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.

Yes

 

Item 2.

AFFILIATIONS WITH THE OBLIGOR. If the obligor is an affiliate of the Trustee, describe each such affiliation.

None

 

Items 3-15

Items 3-15 are not applicable because to the best of the Trustee’s knowledge, the obligor is not in default under any Indenture for which the Trustee acts as Trustee.

 

Item 16.

LIST OF EXHIBITS: List below all exhibits filed as a part of this statement of eligibility and qualification.

 

  1.

A copy of the Articles of Association of the Trustee, attached as Exhibit 1.

 

  2.

A copy of the certificate of authority of the Trustee to commence business, attached as Exhibit 2.

 

  3.

A copy of the authorization of the Trustee to exercise corporate trust powers, included as Exhibit 2.

 

  4.

A copy of the existing bylaws of the Trustee, attached as Exhibit 4.

 

  5.

A copy of each Indenture referred to in Item 4. Not applicable.

 

  6.

The consent of the Trustee required by Section 321(b) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, attached as Exhibit 6.

 

  7.

Report of Condition of the Trustee as of September 30, 2024, published pursuant to law or the requirements of its supervising or examining authority, attached as Exhibit 7.


SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, the Trustee, U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, has duly caused this statement of eligibility and qualification to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in the City of New York, State of New York on the 21st of November, 2024.

 

By:  

/s/ Michelle Lee

  Michelle Lee
  Vice President


Exhibit 1

ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

OF

U. S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

For the purpose of organizing an association (the “Association”) to perform any lawful activities of national banks, the undersigned enter into the following Articles of Association:

FIRST. The title of this Association shall be U. S. Bank Trust Company, National Association.

SECOND. The main office of the Association shall be in the city of Portland, county of Multnomah, state of Oregon. The business of the Association will be limited to fiduciary powers and the support of activities incidental to the exercise of those powers. The Association may not expand or alter its business beyond that stated in this article without the prior approval of the Comptroller of the Currency.

THIRD. The board of directors of the Association shall consist of not less than five nor more than twenty-five persons, the exact number to be fixed and determined from time to time by resolution of a majority of the full board of directors or by resolution of a majority of the shareholders at any annual or special meeting thereof. Each director shall own common or preferred stock of the Association or of a holding company owning the Association, with an aggregate par, fair market, or equity value of not less than $1,000, as of either (i) the date of purchase, (ii) the date the person became a director, or (iii) the date of that person’s most recent election to the board of directors, whichever is more recent. Any combination of common or preferred stock of the Association or holding company may be used.

Any vacancy in the board of directors may be filled by action of a majority of the remaining directors between meetings of shareholders. The board of directors may increase the number of directors up to the maximum permitted by law. Terms of directors, including directors selected to fill vacancies, shall expire at the next regular meeting of shareholders at which directors are elected, unless the directors resign or are removed from office. Despite the expiration of a director’s term, the director shall continue to serve until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until there is a decrease in the number of directors and his or her position is eliminated.

Honorary or advisory members of the board of directors, without voting power or power of final decision in matters concerning the business of the Association, may be appointed by resolution of a majority of the full board of directors, or by resolution of shareholders at any annual or special meeting. Honorary or advisory directors shall not be counted to determined the number of directors of the Association or the presence of a quorum in connection with any board action, and shall not be required to own qualifying shares.

FOURTH. There shall be an annual meeting of the shareholders to elect directors and transact whatever other business may be brought before the meeting. It shall be held at the main office or any other convenient place the board of directors may designate, on the day of each year specified therefor in the Bylaws, or if that day falls on a legal holiday in the state in which the

 

- 1 -


Association is located, on the next following banking day. If no election is held on the day fixed or in the event of a legal holiday on the following banking day, an election may be held on any subsequent day within 60 days of the day fixed, to be designated by the board of directors, or, if the directors fail to fix the day, by shareholders representing two-thirds of the shares issued and outstanding. In all cases, at least 10 days’ advance notice of the meeting shall be given to the shareholders by first-class mail.

In all elections of directors, the number of votes each common shareholder may cast will be determined by multiplying the number of shares he or she owns by the number of directors to be elected. Those votes may be cumulated and cast for a single candidate or may be distributed among two or more candidates in the manner selected by the shareholder. On all other questions, each common shareholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of stock held by him or her.

A director may resign at any time by delivering written notice to the board of directors, its chairperson, or to the Association, which resignation shall be effective when the notice is delivered unless the notice specifies a later effective date.

A director may be removed by the shareholders at a meeting called to remove him or her, when notice of the meeting stating that the purpose or one of the purposes is to remove him or her is provided, if there is a failure to fulfill one of the affirmative requirements for qualification, or for cause; provided, however, that a director may not be removed if the number of votes sufficient to elect him or her under cumulative voting is voted against his or her removal.

FIFTH. The authorized amount of capital stock of the Association shall be 1,000,000 shares of common stock of the par value of ten dollars ($10) each; but said capital stock may be increased or decreased from time to time, according to the provisions of the laws of the United States. The Association shall have only one class of capital stock.

No holder of shares of the capital stock of any class of the Association shall have any preemptive or preferential right of subscription to any shares of any class of stock of the Association, whether now or hereafter authorized, or to any obligations convertible into stock of the Association, issued, or sold, nor any right of subscription to any thereof other than such, if any, as the board of directors, in its discretion, may from time to time determine and at such price as the board of directors may from time to time fix.

Transfers of the Association’s stock are subject to the prior written approval of a federal depository institution regulatory agency. If no other agency approval is required, the approval of the Comptroller of the Currency must be obtained prior to any such transfers.

Unless otherwise specified in the Articles of Association or required by law, (1) all matters requiring shareholder action, including amendments to the Articles of Association must be approved by shareholders owning a majority voting interest in the outstanding voting stock, and (2) each shareholder shall be entitled to one vote per share.

 

- 2 -


Unless otherwise specified in the Articles of Association or required by law, all shares of voting stock shall be voted together as a class, on any matters requiring shareholder approval.

Unless otherwise provided in the Bylaws, the record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting is the close of business on the day before the first notice is mailed or otherwise sent to the shareholders, provided that in no event may a record date be more than 70 days before the meeting.

The Association, at any time and from time to time, may authorize and issue debt obligations, whether subordinated, without the approval of the shareholders. Obligations classified as debt, whether subordinated, which may be issued by the Association without the approval of shareholders, do not carry voting rights on any issue, including an increase or decrease in the aggregate number of the securities, or the exchange or reclassification of all or part of securities into securities of another class or series.

SIXTH. The board of directors shall appoint one of its members president of this Association and one of its members chairperson of the board and shall have the power to appoint one or more vice presidents, a secretary who shall keep minutes of the directors’ and shareholders’ meetings and be responsible for authenticating the records of the Association, and such other officers and employees as may be required to transact the business of this Association. A duly appointed officer may appoint one or more officers or assistant officers if authorized by the board of directors in accordance with the Bylaws.

The board of directors shall have the power to:

 

(1)

Define the duties of the officers, employees, and agents of the Association.

 

(2)

Delegate the performance of its duties, but not the responsibility for its duties, to the officers, employees, and agents of the Association.

 

(3)

Fix the compensation and enter employment contracts with its officers and employees upon reasonable terms and conditions consistent with applicable law.

 

(4)

Dismiss officers and employees.

 

(5)

Require bonds from officers and employees and to fix the penalty thereof.

 

(6)

Ratify written policies authorized by the Association’s management or committees of the board.

 

(7)

Regulate the manner any increase or decrease of the capital of the Association shall be made; provided that nothing herein shall restrict the power of shareholders to increase or decrease the capital of the Association in accordance with law, and nothing shall raise or lower from two-thirds the percentage required for shareholder approval to increase or reduce the capital.

 

- 3 -


(8)

Manage and administer the business and affairs of the Association.

 

(9)

Adopt initial Bylaws, not inconsistent with law or the Articles of Association, for managing the business and regulating the affairs of the Association.

 

(10)

Amend or repeal Bylaws, except to the extent that the Articles of Association reserve this power in whole or in part to the shareholders.

 

(11)

Make contracts.

 

(12)

Generally perform all acts that are legal for a board of directors to perform.

SEVENTH. The board of directors shall have the power to change the location of the main office to any authorized branch within the limits of the city of Portland, Oregon, without the approval of the shareholders, or with a vote of shareholders owning two-thirds of the stock of the Association for a location outside such limits and upon receipt of a certificate of approval from the Comptroller of the Currency, to any other location within or outside the limits of the city of Portland, Oregon, but not more than thirty miles beyond such limits. The board of directors shall have the power to establish or change the location of any office or offices of the Association to any other location permitted under applicable law, without approval of shareholders, subject to approval by the Comptroller of the Currency.

EIGHTH. The corporate existence of this Association shall continue until termination according to the laws of the United States.

NINTH. The board of directors of the Association, or any shareholder owning, in the aggregate, not less than 25 percent of the stock of the Association, may call a special meeting of shareholders at any time. Unless otherwise provided by the Bylaws or the laws of the United States, or waived by shareholders, a notice of the time, place, and purpose of every annual and special meeting of the shareholders shall be given by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed at least 10, and no more than 60, days prior to the date of the meeting to each shareholder of record at his/her address as shown upon the books of the Association. Unless otherwise provided by the Bylaws, any action requiring approval of shareholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting.

TENTH. These Articles of Association may be amended at any regular or special meeting of the shareholders by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock of the Association, unless the vote of the holders of a greater amount of stock is required by law, and in that case by the vote of the holders of such greater amount; provided, that the scope of the Association’s activities and services may not be expanded without the prior written approval of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Association’s board of directors may propose one or more amendments to the Articles of Association for submission to the shareholders.

 

- 4 -


In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands this 11th of June, 1997.

 

/s/ Jeffrey T. Grubb

Jeffrey T. Grubb

/s/ Robert D. Sznewajs

Robert D. Sznewajs

/s/ Dwight V. Board

Dwight V. Board

/s/ P. K. Chatterjee

P. K. Chatterjee

/s/ Robert Lane

Robert Lane


Exhibit 2

 

LOGO   

Office of the Comptroller of the Currency

   Washington, DC 20219

CERTIFICATE OF CORPORATE EXISTENCE AND FIDUCIARY POWERS

I, Michael J. Hsu, Acting Comptroller of the Currency, do hereby certify that:

1. The Comptroller of the Currency, pursuant to Revised Statutes 324, et seq, as amended, and 12 USC 1, et seq, as amended, has possession, custody, and control of all records pertaining to the chartering, regulation, and supervision of all national banking associations.

2 . “U.S. Bank Trust Company National Association,” Portland, Oregon (Charter No. 23412), is a national banking association formed under the laws of the United States and is authorized thereunder to transact the business of banking and exercise fiduciary powers on the date of this certificate.

IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, today, October 7, 2024, I have hereunto subscribed my name and caused my seal of office to be affixed to these presents at the U.S. Department of the Treasury, in the City of Washington, District of Columbia.

 

LOGO

2025-00037-C


Exhibit 4

U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

ARTICLE I

Meetings of Shareholders

Section 1.1. Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of the shareholders, for the election of directors and the transaction of any other proper business, shall be held at a time and place as the Chairman or President may designate. Notice of such meeting shall be given not less than ten (10) days or more than sixty (60) days prior to the date thereof, to each shareholder of the Association, unless the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “OCC”) determines that an emergency circumstance exists. In accordance with applicable law, the sole shareholder of the Association is permitted to waive notice of the meeting. If, for any reason, an election of directors is not made on the designated day, the election shall be held on some subsequent day, as soon thereafter as practicable, with prior notice thereof. Failure to hold an annual meeting as required by these Bylaws shall not affect the validity of any corporate action or work a forfeiture or dissolution of the Association.

Section 1.2. Special Meetings. Except as otherwise specially provided by law, special meetings of the shareholders may be called for any purpose, at any time by a majority of the board of directors (the “Board”), or by any shareholder or group of shareholders owning at least ten percent of the outstanding stock.

Every such special meeting, unless otherwise provided by law, shall be called upon not less than ten (10) days nor more than sixty (60) days prior notice stating the purpose of the meeting.

Section 1.3. Nominations for Directors. Nominations for election to the Board may be made by the Board or by any shareholder.

Section 1.4. Proxies. Shareholders may vote at any meeting of the shareholders by proxies duly authorized in writing. Proxies shall be valid only for one meeting and any adjournments of such meeting and shall be filed with the records of the meeting.

Section 1.5. Record Date. The record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice and to vote at any meeting will be thirty days before the date of such meeting, unless otherwise determined by the Board.


Section 1.6. Quorum and Voting. A majority of the outstanding capital stock, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of shareholders, unless otherwise provided by law, but less than a quorum may adjourn any meeting, from time to time, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice. A majority of the votes cast shall decide every question or matter submitted to the shareholders at any meeting, unless otherwise provided by law or by the Articles of Association.

Section 1.7. Inspectors. The Board may, and in the event of its failure so to do, the Chairman of the Board may appoint Inspectors of Election who shall determine the presence of quorum, the validity of proxies, and the results of all elections and all other matters voted upon by shareholders at all annual and special meetings of shareholders.

Section 1.8. Waiver and Consent. The shareholders may act without notice or a meeting by a unanimous written consent by all shareholders.

Section 1.9. Remote Meetings. The Board shall have the right to determine that a shareholder meeting not be held at a place, but instead be held solely by means of remote communication in the manner and to the extent permitted by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

ARTICLE II

Directors

Section 2.1. Board of Directors. The Board shall have the power to manage and administer the business and affairs of the Association. Except as expressly limited by law, all corporate powers of the Association shall be vested in and may be exercised by the Board.

Section 2.2. Term of Office. The directors of this Association shall hold office for one year and until their successors are duly elected and qualified, or until their earlier resignation or removal.

Section 2.3. Powers. In addition to the foregoing, the Board shall have and may exercise all of the powers granted to or conferred upon it by the Articles of Association, the Bylaws and by law.

Section 2.4. Number. As provided in the Articles of Association, the Board of this Association shall consist of no less than five nor more than twenty-five members, unless the OCC has exempted the Association from the twenty-five- member limit. The Board shall consist of a number of members to be fixed and determined from time to time by resolution of the Board or the shareholders at any meeting thereof, in accordance with the Articles of Association. Between meetings of the shareholders held for the purpose of electing directors, the Board


by a majority vote of the full Board may increase the size of the Board but not to more than a total of twenty-five directors, and fill any vacancy so created in the Board; provided that the Board may increase the number of directors only by up to two directors, when the number of directors last elected by shareholders was fifteen or fewer, and by up to four directors, when the number of directors last elected by shareholders was sixteen or more. Each director shall own a qualifying equity interest in the Association or a company that has control of the Association in each case as required by applicable law. Each director shall own such qualifying equity interest in his or her own right and meet any minimum threshold ownership required by applicable law.

Section 2.5. Organization Meeting. The newly elected Board shall meet for the purpose of organizing the new Board and electing and appointing such officers of the Association as may be appropriate. Such meeting shall be held on the day of the election or as soon thereafter as practicable, and, in any event, within thirty days thereafter, at such time and place as the Chairman or President may designate. If, at the time fixed for such meeting, there shall not be a quorum present, the directors present may adjourn the meeting until a quorum is obtained.

Section 2.6. Regular Meetings. The regular meetings of the Board shall be held, without notice, as the Chairman or President may designate and deem suitable.

Section 2.7. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board may be called at any time, at any place and for any purpose by the Chairman of the Board or the President of the Association, or upon the request of a majority of the entire Board. Notice of every special meeting of the Board shall be given to the directors at their usual places of business, or at such other addresses as shall have been furnished by them for the purpose. Such notice shall be given at least twelve hours (three hours if meeting is to be conducted by conference telephone) before the meeting by telephone or by being personally delivered, mailed, or electronically delivered. Such notice need not include a statement of the business to be transacted at, or the purpose of, any such meeting.

Section 2.8. Quorum and Necessary Vote. A majority of the directors shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of the Board, except when otherwise provided by law; but less than a quorum may adjourn any meeting, from time to time, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice. Unless otherwise provided by law or the Articles or Bylaws of this Association, once a quorum is established, any act by a majority of those directors present and voting shall be the act of the Board.


Section 2.9. Written Consent. Except as otherwise required by applicable laws and regulations, the Board may act without a meeting by a unanimous written consent by all directors, to be filed with the Secretary of the Association as part of the corporate records.

Section 2.10. Remote Meetings. Members of the Board, or of any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of such Board or committee by means of conference telephone, video or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other and such participation shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

Section 2.11. Vacancies. When any vacancy occurs among the directors, the remaining members of the Board may appoint a director to fill such vacancy at any regular meeting of the Board, or at a special meeting called for that purpose.

ARTICLE III

Committees

Section 3.1. Advisory Board of Directors. The Board may appoint persons, who need not be directors, to serve as advisory directors on an advisory board of directors established with respect to the business affairs of either this Association alone or the business affairs of a group of affiliated organizations of which this Association is one. Advisory directors shall have such powers and duties as may be determined by the Board, provided, that the Board’s responsibility for the business and affairs of this Association shall in no respect be delegated or diminished.

Section 3.2. Trust Audit Committee. At least once during each calendar year, the Association shall arrange for a suitable audit (by internal or external auditors) of all significant fiduciary activities under the direction of its trust audit committee, a function that will be fulfilled by the Audit Committee of the financial holding company that is the ultimate parent of this Association. The Association shall note the results of the audit (including significant actions taken as a result of the audit) in the minutes of the Board. In lieu of annual audits, the Association may adopt a continuous audit system in accordance with 12 C.F.R. § 9.9(b).

The Audit Committee of the financial holding company that is the ultimate parent of this Association, fulfilling the function of the trust audit committee:


(1) Must not include any officers of the Association or an affiliate who participate significantly in the administration of the Association’s fiduciary activities; and

(2) Must consist of a majority of members who are not also members of any committee to which the Board has delegated power to manage and control the fiduciary activities of the Association.

Section 3.3. Executive Committee. The Board may appoint an Executive Committee which shall consist of at least three directors and which shall have, and may exercise, to the extent permitted by applicable law, all the powers of the Board between meetings of the Board or otherwise when the Board is not meeting.

Section 3.4. Trust Management Committee. The Board of this Association shall appoint a Trust Management Committee to provide oversight of the fiduciary activities of the Association. The Trust Management Committee shall determine policies governing fiduciary activities. The Trust Management Committee or such sub-committees, officers or others as may be duly designated by the Trust Management Committee shall oversee the processes related to fiduciary activities to assure conformity with fiduciary policies it establishes, including ratifying the acceptance and the closing out or relinquishment of all trusts. The Trust Management Committee will provide regular reports of its activities to the Board.

Section 3.5. Other Committees. The Board may appoint, from time to time, committees of one or more persons who need not be directors, for such purposes and with such powers as the Board may determine; however, the Board will not delegate to any committee any powers or responsibilities that it is prohibited from delegating under any law or regulation. In addition, either the Chairman or the President may appoint, from time to time, committees of one or more officers, employees, agents or other persons, for such purposes and with such powers as either the Chairman or the President deems appropriate and proper. Whether appointed by the Board, the Chairman, or the President, any such committee shall at all times be subject to the direction and control of the Board.

Section 3.6. Meetings, Minutes and Rules. An advisory board of directors and/or committee shall meet as necessary in consideration of the purpose of the advisory board of directors or committee, and shall maintain minutes in sufficient detail to indicate actions taken or recommendations made; unless required by the members, discussions, votes or other specific details need not be reported. An advisory board of directors or a committee may, in consideration of its purpose, adopt its own rules for the exercise of any of its functions or authority.


ARTICLE IV

Officers

Section 4.1. Chairman of the Board. The Board may appoint one of its members to be Chairman of the Board to serve at the pleasure of the Board. The Chairman shall supervise the carrying out of the policies adopted or approved by the Board; shall have general executive powers, as well as the specific powers conferred by these Bylaws; and shall also have and may exercise such powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred upon or assigned by the Board.

Section 4.2. President. The Board may appoint one of its members to be President of the Association. In the absence of the Chairman, the President shall preside at any meeting of the Board. The President shall have general executive powers, and shall have and may exercise any and all other powers and duties pertaining by law, regulation or practice, to the office of President, or imposed by these Bylaws. The President shall also have and may exercise such powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred or assigned by the Board.

Section 4.3. Vice President. The Board may appoint one or more Vice Presidents who shall have such powers and duties as may be assigned by the Board and to perform the duties of the President on those occasions when the President is absent, including presiding at any meeting of the Board in the absence of both the Chairman and President.

Section 4.4. Secretary. The Board shall appoint a Secretary, or other designated officer who shall be Secretary of the Board and of the Association, and shall keep accurate minutes of all meetings. The Secretary shall attend to the giving of all notices required by these Bylaws to be given; shall be custodian of the corporate seal, records, documents and papers of the Association; shall provide for the keeping of proper records of all transactions of the Association; shall, upon request, authenticate any records of the Association; shall have and may exercise any and all other powers and duties pertaining by law, regulation or practice, to the Secretary, or imposed by these Bylaws; and shall also perform such other duties as may be assigned from time to time by the Board. The Board may appoint one or more Assistant Secretaries with such powers and duties as the Board, the President or the Secretary shall from time to time determine.


Section 4.5. Other Officers. The Board may appoint, and may authorize the Chairman, the President or any other officer to appoint, any officer as from time to time may appear to the Board, the Chairman, the President or such other officer to be required or desirable to transact the business of the Association. Such officers shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as pertain to their several offices, or as may be conferred upon or assigned to them by these Bylaws, the Board, the Chairman, the President or such other authorized officer. Any person may hold two offices.

Section 4.6. Tenure of Office. The Chairman or the President and all other officers shall hold office until their respective successors are elected and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal from office, subject to the right of the Board or authorized officer to discharge any officer at any time.

ARTICLE V

Stock

Section 5.1. The Board may authorize the issuance of stock either in certificated or in uncertificated form. Certificates for shares of stock shall be in such form as the Board may from time to time prescribe. If the Board issues certificated stock, the certificate shall be signed by the President, Secretary or any other such officer as the Board so determines. Shares of stock shall be transferable on the books of the Association, and a transfer book shall be kept in which all transfers of stock shall be recorded. Every person becoming a shareholder by such transfer shall, in proportion to such person’s shares, succeed to all rights of the prior holder of such shares. Each certificate of stock shall recite on its face that the stock represented thereby is transferable only upon the books of the Association properly endorsed. The Board may impose conditions upon the transfer of the stock reasonably calculated to simplify the work of the Association for stock transfers, voting at shareholder meetings, and related matters, and to protect it against fraudulent transfers.

ARTICLE VI

Corporate Seal

Section 6.1. The Association shall have no corporate seal; provided, however, that if the use of a seal is required by, or is otherwise convenient or advisable pursuant to, the laws or regulations of any jurisdiction, the following seal may be used, and the Chairman, the President, the Secretary and any Assistant Secretary shall have the authority to affix such seal:


ARTICLE VII

Miscellaneous Provisions

Section 7.1. Execution of Instruments. All agreements, checks, drafts, orders, indentures, notes, mortgages, deeds, conveyances, transfers, endorsements, assignments, certificates, declarations, receipts, discharges, releases, satisfactions, settlements, petitions, schedules, accounts, affidavits, bonds, undertakings, guarantees, proxies and other instruments or documents may be signed, countersigned, executed, acknowledged, endorsed, verified, delivered or accepted on behalf of the Association, whether in a fiduciary capacity or otherwise, by any officer of the Association, or such employee or agent as may be designated from time to time by the Board by resolution, or by the Chairman or the President by written instrument, which resolution or instrument shall be certified as in effect by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Association. The provisions of this section are supplementary to any other provision of the Articles of Association or Bylaws.

Section 7.2. Records. The Articles of Association, the Bylaws as revised or amended from time to time and the proceedings of all meetings of the shareholders, the Board, and standing committees of the Board, shall be recorded in appropriate minute books provided for the purpose. The minutes of each meeting shall be signed by the Secretary, or other officer appointed to act as Secretary of the meeting.

Section 7.3. Trust Files. There shall be maintained in the Association files all fiduciary records necessary to assure that its fiduciary responsibilities have been properly undertaken and discharged.

Section 7.4. Trust Investments. Funds held in a fiduciary capacity shall be invested according to the instrument establishing the fiduciary relationship and according to law. Where such instrument does not specify the character and class of investments to be made and does not vest in the Association a discretion in the matter, funds held pursuant to such instrument shall be invested in investments in which corporate fiduciaries may invest under law.

Section 7.5. Notice. Whenever notice is required by the Articles of Association, the Bylaws or law, such notice shall be by mail, postage prepaid, e- mail, in person, or by any other means by which such notice can reasonably be expected to be received, using the address of the person to receive such notice, or such other personal data, as may appear on the records of the Association.

Except where specified otherwise in these Bylaws, prior notice shall be proper if given not more than 30 days nor less than 10 days prior to the event for which notice is given.


ARTICLE VIII

Indemnification

Section 8.1. The Association shall indemnify such persons for such liabilities in such manner under such circumstances and to such extent as permitted by Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as now enacted or hereafter amended. The Board may authorize the purchase and maintenance of insurance and/or the execution of individual agreements for the purpose of such indemnification, and the Association shall advance all reasonable costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in defending any action, suit or proceeding to all persons entitled to indemnification under this Section 8.1. Such insurance shall be consistent with the requirements of 12 C.F.R. § 7.2014 and shall exclude coverage of liability for a formal order assessing civil money penalties against an institution-affiliated party, as defined at 12 U.S.C. § 1813(u).

Section 8.2. Notwithstanding Section 8.1, however, (a) any indemnification payments to an institution-affiliated party, as defined at 12 U.S.C. § 1813(u), for an administrative proceeding or civil action initiated by a federal banking agency, shall be reasonable and consistent with the requirements of 12 U.S.C. § 1828(k) and the implementing regulations thereunder; and (b) any indemnification payments and advancement of costs and expenses to an institution-affiliated party, as defined at 12 U.S.C. § 1813(u), in cases involving an administrative proceeding or civil action not initiated by a federal banking agency, shall be in accordance with Delaware General Corporation Law and consistent with safe and sound banking practices.

ARTICLE IX

Bylaws: Interpretation and Amendment

Section 9.1. These Bylaws shall be interpreted in accordance with and subject to appropriate provisions of law, and may be added to, altered, amended, or repealed, at any regular or special meeting of the Board.

Section 9.2. A copy of the Bylaws and all amendments shall at all times be kept in a convenient place at the principal office of the Association, and shall be open for inspection to all shareholders during Association hours.


Exhibit (d)(3)

ARTICLE X

Miscellaneous Provisions

Section 10.1. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Association shall begin on the first day of January in each year and shall end on the thirty-first day of December following.

Section 10.2. Governing Law. This Association designates the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended from time to time, as the governing law for its corporate governance procedures, to the extent not inconsistent with Federal banking statutes and regulations or bank safety and soundness.

***

(February 8, 2021)


Exhibit 6

CONSENT

In accordance with Section 321(b) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, the undersigned, U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION hereby consents that reports of examination of the undersigned by Federal, State, Territorial or District authorities may be furnished by such authorities to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon its request therefor.

Dated: November 21, 2024

 

By:  

/s/ Michelle Lee

  Michelle Lee
  Vice President


Exhibit 7

U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association

Statement of Financial Condition

as of 9/30/2024

($000’s)

 

     9/30/2024  

Assets

  

Cash and Balances Due From Depository Institutions

   $ 1,551,827  

Securities

     4,568  

Federal Funds

     0  

Loans & Lease Financing Receivables

     0  

Fixed Assets

     1,070  

Intangible Assets

     576,760  

Other Assets

     153,717  
  

 

 

 

Total Assets

   $ 2,287,942  

Liabilities

  

Deposits

   $ 0  

Fed Funds

     0  

Treasury Demand Notes

     0  

Trading Liabilities

     0  

Other Borrowed Money

     0  

Acceptances

     0  

Subordinated Notes and Debentures

     0  

Other Liabilities

     215,240  
  

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

   $ 215,240  

Equity

  

Common and Preferred Stock

     200  

Surplus

     1,171,635  

Undivided Profits

     900,867  

Minority Interest in Subsidiaries

     0  
  

 

 

 

Total Equity Capital

   $ 2,072,702  

Total Liabilities and Equity Capital

   $ 2,287,942  

Exhibit (l)

 

LOGO   

One International Place, 40th Floor

100 Oliver Street

Boston, MA 02110-2605

+1 617 728 7100 Main

+1 617 275 8374 Fax

www.dechert.com

November 26, 2024

Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund

1585 Broadway, 23rd Floor

New York, NY 10036

Re: Registration Statement on Form N-2

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel to Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the preparation and filing of a Registration Statement on Form N-2 (as amended, the “Registration Statement”), filed on the date hereof, with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), relating to possible offerings from time to time of the following securities of the Company having an indeterminate aggregate initial offering price: (1) shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (“Common Stock”), (2) shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (“Preferred Stock”), (3) warrants of the Company to purchase Debt Securities, Common Stock or Preferred Stock (“Warrants”), (4) rights to purchase Common Stock (“Subscription Rights”) and (5) debt securities (“Debt Securities”) to be issued pursuant to an indenture between the Company and a trustee (the “Trustee”). The Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Warrants, Subscription Rights and Debt Securities are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities.”

The Registration Statement provides that the Securities may be offered separately or together, in separate series, in amounts, at prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more supplements to the prospectus included in the Registration Statement (each, a “Prospectus Supplement”) or in one or more free writing prospectuses. This opinion letter is being furnished to the Company in accordance with the requirements of Item 25 of Form N-2 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and no opinion is expressed herein as to any matter other than as to the legality of the Securities.

In rendering the opinions expressed below, we have examined and relied on originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such documents, corporate records and other instruments and such agreements, certificates and receipts of public officials, certificates of officers or other representatives of the Company and others, and such other documents as we have deemed necessary or appropriate as a basis for the opinions set forth below, including the following documents:

 

  (i)

the Registration Statement;

 

  (ii)

the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (as amended, the “Certificate of Incorporation”);

 

  (iii)

the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (the “Bylaws”);

 

  (iv)

a certificate of good standing with respect to the Company issued by the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as of a recent date;

 

  (v)

resolutions of the board of directors of the Company (the “Board of Directors”), relating to, among other things, the authorization and approval of the preparation and filing of the Registration Statement; and


LOGO   

Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund

November 26, 2024

Page 2

 

  (vi)

such other documents and matters as we have deemed necessary or appropriate to express the opinions set forth below, subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein.

As to the facts upon which this opinion is based, we have relied, to the extent we deem proper, upon certificates of public officials (which we have assumed remain accurate as of the date of this opinion) and certificates and written statements of agents, officers, directors and representatives of the Company without having independently verified such factual matters.

In our examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as original documents, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies, the legal capacity of natural persons who are signatories to the documents examined by us and the legal power and authority of all persons signing on behalf of the parties to such documents (other than the Company). We have further assumed that there has been no oral modification of, or amendment or supplement (including any express or implied waiver, however arising) to, any of the agreements, documents or instruments used by us to form the basis of the opinion expressed below.

On the basis of the foregoing and subject to the assumptions, qualifications and limitations set forth in this letter, we are of the opinion that:

 

  1.

The Common Stock, when (a) duly issued and sold in accordance with the Registration Statement, applicable Prospectus Supplement and any related free writing prospectuses, upon conversion or exchange of Debt Securities or Preferred Stock or upon exercise of Subscription Rights or Warrants as contemplated by the Registration Statement, applicable Prospectus Supplement and any related free writing prospectuses and (b) delivered to the purchaser or purchasers thereof against receipt by the Company of such lawful consideration therefor as the Board of Directors (or a duly authorized committee thereof) may lawfully determine and at a price per share not less than the per share par value of the Common Stock, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

 

  2.

The Preferred Stock, when (a) duly issued and sold in accordance with the Registration Statement, applicable Prospectus Supplement and any related free writing prospectuses, upon conversion or exchange of Debt Securities or upon exercise of Warrants as contemplated by the Registration Statement, applicable Prospectus Supplement and any related free writing prospectuses, and (b) delivered to the purchaser or purchasers thereof against receipt by the Company of such lawful consideration therefor as the Board of Directors (or a duly authorized committee thereof) may lawfully determine and at a price per share not less than the per share par value of the Preferred Stock, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

 

  3.

The Warrants, when (a) duly executed, authenticated, issued and sold in accordance with the Registration Statement, applicable Prospectus Supplement and any related free writing prospectuses and the provisions of an applicable, valid and binding warrant agreement and (b) delivered to the purchaser or purchasers thereof against receipt by the Company of such lawful consideration therefor as the Board of Directors (or a duly authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized officer of the Company) may lawfully determine, will be valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms.

 

  4.

The Subscription Rights, when duly issued in accordance with the Registration Statement, applicable Prospectus Supplement and any related free writing prospectuses and the provisions of an applicable subscription certificate and any applicable and valid and binding subscription agreement, will be validly issued.


LOGO   

Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund

November 26, 2024

Page 3

 

  5.

The Debt Securities, when (a) duly executed by the Company and authenticated by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions of an applicable valid, binding and enforceable indenture and (x) issued and sold in accordance with the Registration Statement, applicable Prospectus Supplement and any related free writing prospectuses or (y) issued upon exchange or conversion of Preferred Stock or upon exercise of Warrants as contemplated by the Registration Statement, applicable Prospectus Supplement and any related free writing prospectuses and (b) delivered to the purchaser or purchasers thereof against receipt by the Company of such lawful consideration therefor as the Board of Directors (or a duly authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized officer of the Company) may lawfully determine, will be valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms.

The opinions set forth herein are subject to the following assumptions, qualifications, limitations and exceptions being true and correct at or before the time of the delivery of any Securities offered pursuant to the Registration Statement, applicable Prospectus Supplement and any related free writing prospectuses:

 

  (i)

the Board of Directors, including any appropriate committee appointed thereby, and/or appropriate officers of the Company shall have duly (x) established the terms of the Securities and (y) authorized and taken any other necessary corporate or other action to approve the creation, if applicable, issuance and sale of the Securities and related matters (including with respect to Preferred Stock, the execution, acknowledgment and filing of a Certificate of Designation in accordance with the applicable provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware) and any Securities consisting of Common Stock or Preferred Stock, and any Common Stock or Preferred Stock for or into which any other Securities are exercisable, exchangeable or convertible, shall have been duly reserved for issuance and such authorizations and actions have not been rescinded;

 

  (ii)

the resolutions establishing the definitive terms of and authorizing the Company to register, offer, sell and issue the Securities shall remain in effect and unchanged at all times during which the Securities are offered, sold or issued by the Company;

 

  (iii)

the definitive terms of each class and series of the Securities not presently provided for in the Registration Statement, or the Certificate of Incorporation, and the terms of the issuance and sale of the Securities (x) shall have been duly established in accordance with all applicable law and the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws (collectively, the “Charter”), any indenture, underwriting agreement, warrant agreement and subscription agreement and any other relevant agreement relating to the terms and the offer and sale of the Securities (collectively, the “Documents”) and the authorizing resolutions of the Board of Directors, reflected in appropriate documentation reviewed by us, and (y) shall not violate any applicable law, the Charter or the Documents (subject to the further assumption that such Charter and Documents have not been amended from the date hereof in a manner that would affect the validity of any of the opinions rendered herein), or result in a default under or breach of (nor constitute any event which with notice, lapse of time or both would constitute a default under or result in any breach of) any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and so as to comply with any restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company;

 

  (iv)

upon issuance of any shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock, including upon exercise, conversion or exchange of Securities, the total number of shares of Preferred Stock and Common Stock issued and outstanding shall not exceed the total number of shares of Preferred Stock and Common Stock that the Company is then authorized to issue under its Certificate of Incorporation;

 

  (v)

the interest rate on the Debt Securities shall not be higher than the maximum lawful rate permitted from time to time under applicable law;


LOGO   

Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund

November 26, 2024

Page 4

 

  (vi)

the Securities (including any Securities issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of other Securities), and any certificates representing the relevant Securities (including any Securities issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of other Securities), have been duly authenticated, executed, countersigned, registered and delivered upon payment of the agreed-upon legal consideration therefor and have been duly issued and sold in accordance with any relevant agreement and, if applicable, duly executed and delivered by the Company and any other appropriate party;

 

  (vii)

each indenture, warrant agreement and subscription agreement, as applicable, and any other relevant agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by, and will constitute a valid and binding obligation of, each party thereto (other than the Company);

 

  (viii)

the Registration Statement, as amended (including all necessary post-effective amendments after the date hereof), and any additional registration statement filed under Rule 462 under the Securities Act, shall be effective under the Securities Act, and such effectiveness shall not have been terminated or rescinded;

 

  (ix)

an appropriate Prospectus Supplement and any related free writing prospectuses shall have been prepared, delivered and filed in compliance with the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder describing the Securities offered thereby;

 

  (x)

the Securities shall be issued and sold in compliance with all U.S. federal and state securities laws and solely in the manner stated in the Registration Statement, the applicable Prospectus Supplement and any related free writing prospectuses and there shall not have occurred any change in law affecting the validity of the opinions rendered herein;

 

  (xi)

if the Securities will be sold pursuant to a firm commitment underwritten offering, the underwriting agreement with respect to the Securities in the form filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, or incorporated by reference therein, has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and the other parties thereto;

 

  (xii)

when entered into, any indenture governing the Debt Securities shall have been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended; and

 

  (xiii)

in the case of an agreement or instrument pursuant to which any Securities are to be issued, there shall be no terms or provisions contained therein which would affect the validity of any of the opinions rendered herein.

The opinions set forth herein as to enforceability of obligations of the Company are subject to: (i) bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance, moratorium or similar laws now or hereinafter in effect affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding in equity or at law) and the discretion of the court or other body before which any proceeding may be brought; (ii) the unenforceability under certain circumstances under law or court decisions of provisions providing for the indemnification of, or contribution to, a party with respect to a liability where such indemnification or contribution is contrary to public policy; (iii) provisions of law which may require that a judgment for money damages rendered by a court in the United States be expressed only in U.S. dollars; (iv) requirements that a claim with respect to any Debt Securities denominated other than in U.S. dollars (or a judgment denominated other than in U.S. dollars in respect of such claim) be converted into U.S. dollars at a rate of exchange prevailing on a date determined pursuant to applicable law; and (v) governmental authority to limit, delay or prohibit the making of payments outside the United States or in foreign currency or composite currency.

We express no opinion as to the validity, legally binding effect or enforceability of any provision in any agreement or instrument that (i) requires or relates to payment of any interest at a rate or in an amount which a court may determine in the circumstances under applicable law to be commercially unreasonable or a penalty or forfeiture or (ii) relates to governing law and submission by the parties to the jurisdiction of one or more particular courts.

We are members of the bar of the State of New York, and the foregoing opinions are limited to the laws of the State of New York and the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. We express no opinion concerning the laws of any other jurisdiction, and we express no opinion concerning any state securities or “blue sky” laws, rules or regulations, or any federal, state, local or foreign laws, rules or regulations relating to the offer and/or sale of the Securities.


LOGO   

Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund

November 26, 2024

Page 5

 

This opinion letter has been prepared for the Company’s use solely in connection with the Registration Statement. The opinions expressed in this opinion letter (i) are strictly limited to the matters stated in this opinion letter, and without limiting the foregoing, no other opinions are to be implied and (ii) are only as of the date of this opinion letter, and we are under no obligation, and do not undertake, to advise the addressee of this opinion letter or any other person or entity either of any change of law or fact that occurs, or of any fact that comes to our attention, after the date of this opinion letter, even though such change or such fact may affect the legal analysis or a legal conclusion in this opinion letter.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion letter as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to this firm under the caption “Legal Matters” in the prospectus which forms a part of the Registration Statement. We further consent to the incorporation by reference of this letter and consent into any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) with respect to the Securities. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

 

Sincerely,
/s/ Dechert LLP
Dechert LLP

Exhibit (n)(1)

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form N-2 of our report dated March 1, 2024, relating to the consolidated financial statements of Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund and subsidiaries (the “Company”), appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund for the year ended December 31, 2023, and of our report dated March 1, 2024, relating to information of Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund set forth under the heading “Senior Securities” appearing in the Form N-2.

We also consent to the reference to us under the headings “Financial Statements” and “Experts” in such Registration Statement.

 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

New York, NY

November 26, 2024

Exhibit (n)(2)

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund:

We have audited the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities of Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund and subsidiaries (the “Company”), including the consolidated schedule of investments, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in net assets, cash flows for each of the three years in the period then ended, the financial highlights for each of the four years in the period then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”) and our report dated March 1, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. Our audits of the Company also included the information as of December 31, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020 and 2019, appearing under the caption “Senior Securities”. This information is the responsibility of the Company’s management. Information about the Company’s senior securities as of December 31, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020 and 2019 appearing under the caption “Senior Securities” has been subjected to the auditing procedures applied in our audit of the basic financial statements and, in our opinion, is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the consolidated financial statements from which it has been derived.

 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

New York, NY

March 1, 2024

0001782524EX-FILING FEES 0001782524 2024-11-22 2024-11-22 0001782524 5 2024-11-22 2024-11-22 0001782524 1 2024-11-22 2024-11-22 0001782524 2 2024-11-22 2024-11-22 0001782524 3 2024-11-22 2024-11-22 0001782524 4 2024-11-22 2024-11-22 iso4217:USD
Exhibit (s)
EX. FILING FEES
Calculation of Filing Fee Tables
Form
N-2
(Form Type)
Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Table 1: Newly Registered Securities
 
                         
     Security
Type
 
Security
Class
Title
  Fee
Calculation
or Carry
Forward
Rule
  Amount
Registered
  Proposed
Maximum
Offering
Price Per
Unit
  Maximum
Aggregate
Offering
Price
  Fee
Rate
  Amount of
Registration
Fee
 
Carry
Forward
Form
Type
 
Carry
Forward
File
Number
  Carry
Forward
Initial
effective
date
  Filing Fee
Previously
Paid In
Connection
with
Unsold
Securities
to be
Carried
Forward
 
Newly Registered Securities
                         
Fees to Be
Paid
  Equity   Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)   (1)   (1)   (1)   (2)   (2)        
                         
Fees to Be
Paid
  Equity   Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)   (1)   (1)   (1)   (2)   (2)        
                         
Fees to Be
Paid
  Other   Warrants   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)   (1)   (1)   (1)   (2)   (2)        
                         
Fees to Be
Paid
  Other   Subscription Rights   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)   (1)   (1)   (1)   (2)   (2)        
                         
Fees to be
paid
  Debt   Debt Securities(3)   Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r)   (1)   (1)   (1)   (2)   (2)        
                         
Fees
Previously
Paid
                       
                   
    Total Offering Amounts                 
                   
    Total Fees Previously Paid                 
                   
    Total Fee Offsets                  $
                   
    Net Fee Due                               
 
(1)
An indeterminate aggregate initial offering price or number of the securities of each identified class is being registered as may from time to time be offered and sold hereunder by Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund (the “registrant”) at indeterminate prices. Warrants may represent rights to purchase common stock, preferred stock or debt securities as may from time to time be offered hereunder by the registrant at indeterminate prices. This registration statement also covers an indeterminate amount of common stock that may be issued in exchange for, or upon conversion or exercise of, as the case may be, the subscription rights to purchase shares of common stock registered hereunder.
(2)
In accordance with Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees and will pay any registration fees subsequently in advance or on a
pay-as-you-go
basis.
(3)
Debt securities may be issued at an original issue discount.
v3.24.3
N-2 - USD ($)
2 Months Ended 3 Months Ended
Nov. 22, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Nov. 21, 2024
Sep. 30, 2024
Jun. 30, 2024
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Sep. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2023
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Sep. 30, 2022
Jun. 30, 2022
Mar. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Cover [Abstract]                                  
Entity Central Index Key 0001782524                                
Amendment Flag false                                
Entity Inv Company Type N-2                                
Securities Act File Number 333-000000                                
Document Type N-2ASR                                
Document Registration Statement true                                
Pre-Effective Amendment false                                
Post-Effective Amendment false                                
Entity Registrant Name MORGAN STANLEY DIRECT LENDING FUND                                
Entity Address, Address Line One 1585 Broadway, 23rd Floor                                
Entity Address, City or Town New York                                
Entity Address, State or Province NY                                
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 10036                                
City Area Code 212                                
Local Phone Number 761-4000                                
Approximate Date of Commencement of Proposed Sale to Public From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.                                
Dividend or Interest Reinvestment Plan Only false                                
Delayed or Continuous Offering true                                
Primary Shelf [Flag] true                                
Effective Upon Filing, 462(e) true                                
Additional Securities Effective, 413(b) false                                
Effective when Declared, Section 8(c) false                                
New Effective Date for Previous Filing false                                
Additional Securities. 462(b) false                                
No Substantive Changes, 462(c) false                                
Exhibits Only, 462(d) false                                
Registered Closed-End Fund [Flag] false                                
Business Development Company [Flag] true                                
Interval Fund [Flag] false                                
Primary Shelf Qualified [Flag] true                                
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Yes                                
Entity Emerging Growth Company false                                
New CEF or BDC Registrant [Flag] false                                
Fee Table [Abstract]                                  
Shareholder Transaction Expenses [Table Text Block]
 
Stockholder transaction expenses (as a percentage of offering price):
  
Sales load
     %
(1)
 
Offering expenses
     %
(2)
 
Dividend reinvestment plan expenses
     None %
(3)
 
Total stockholder transaction expenses
    
(1)
In the event that the securities to which this prospectus relates are sold to or through underwriters or agents, a corresponding prospectus supplement will disclose the applicable sales load (underwriting discount or commission).
(2)
The related prospectus supplement will disclose the estimated amount of total offering expenses (which may include offering expenses borne by third parties on our behalf), the offering price and the offering expenses borne by us as a percentage of the offering price.
(3)
The expenses of the dividend reinvestment plan are included in “other expenses” in the table above. For additional information, see “
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
.”
                               
Sales Load [Percent] [1] 0.00%                                
Dividend Reinvestment and Cash Purchase Fees [2] $ 0                                
Other Transaction Expenses [Abstract]                                  
Other Transaction Expense 1 [Percent] [3] 0.00%                                
Other Transaction Expenses [Percent] 0.00%                                
Annual Expenses [Table Text Block]
 
Annual expenses (as a percentage of net assets attributable to common stock):
  
Base management fee
     1.86 %
(4)
 
Incentive fees
     2.37 %
(5)
 
Interest payments on borrowed funds
     6.43 %
(6)
 
Other expenses
     0.50 %
(7)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total annual expenses
  
 
11.16
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4)
Our base management fee is calculated at an annual rate of 1.0% of our average gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters, including assets purchased with borrowed funds or other forms of leverage but excluding cash and cash equivalents. The base management fee reflected in the table above is annualized and based on actual amounts incurred under the Investment Advisory Agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 at a rate of 1.0%. The Investment Adviser has agreed to its right to receive the base management fee in excess of 0.75% the average value of the Company’s gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters for the Waiver Period. For the avoidance of doubt, the fee waiver is not reflected in the table above. For purposes of this table, the SEC requires the base management fee to be calculated by determining the ratio that the base management fee bears to our net assets attributable to common stock rather than our gross assets as set forth in the Investment Advisory Agreement. See “
Management Agreements
.
(5)
Our incentive fee consists of two parts. The first part is determined and paid quarterly based on our
pre-incentive
fee net investment income and the second part is determined and payable in arrears based on net capital gains as of the end of each calendar year or upon termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement. The table reflects each incent
ive
fee calculated at a rate of 17.5% based on actual amounts incurred under the Investment Advisory Agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Similar to the waiver referenced in footnote (4) above, the Adviser has agreed to waive its right to receive each component of the incentive fee above 15% during the Waiver Period. This fee waiver is not reflected in the table above. See “
Management Agreements
.”
(6)
Interest payments on borrowed funds represents an estimate of our annualized interest expense based on our actual interest and credit facility expenses incurred for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, which includes the impact of interest rate swaps. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, our average borrowings outstanding was $1,614.4 million and our weighted average effective interest rate for total debt
 
outstanding was 7.00%. We may borrow additional funds from time to time to make investments to the extent we determine that the economic situation is conducive to doing so. We may also issue preferred stock, subject to our compliance with applicable requirements under the 1940 Act.
See
Description of our Preferred Stock.
(7)
“Other expenses” includes estimated overhead expenses, including payments under the Administration Agreement with our Administrator, and is based on actual amounts incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, annualized for a full year. See “
Management Agreements
.”
                               
Management Fees [Percent] [4] 1.86%                                
Interest Expenses on Borrowings [Percent] [5] 6.43%                                
Incentive Fees [Percent] [6] 2.37%                                
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract]                                  
Other Annual Expenses [Percent] [7] 0.50%                                
Total Annual Expenses [Percent] 11.16%                                
Expense Example [Table Text Block]
Example
The
following
example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total cumulative expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect to a hypothetical investment in our common stock. In calculating the following expense amounts, we have assumed that our annual operating expenses remain at the levels set forth in the table above, except for the incentive fee based on income.
This example and the expenses in the table above should not be considered a representation of our future expenses, and actual expenses (including the cost of debt, if any, and other expenses) may be greater or less than those shown.
 
    
1
year
    
3
years
    
5
years
    
10
years
 
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 common stock investment, assuming a 5% annual return (none of which is subject to the incentive fee based on capital gains)
(1)
   $ 86      $ 249      $ 400      $ 729  
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 common stock investment, assuming a 5% annual return resulting entirely from net realized capital gains (all of which is subject to the incentive fee based on capital gains)
(2)
   $ 94      $ 270      $ 430      $ 769  
 
(1)
Assumes that we will not realize any capital gains computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation.
(2)
Assumes no unrealized capital depreciation and a 5% annual return resulting entirely from net realized capital gains and not otherwise deferrable under the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and therefore subject to the incentive fee based on capital gains. Because our investment strategy involves investments that generate primarily current income, we believe that a 5% annual return resulting entirely from net realized capital gains is unlikely.
                               
Purpose of Fee Table , Note [Text Block] The following table is intended to assist you in understanding the fees and expenses that an investor in shares of our common stock will bear directly or indirectly. We caution you that some of the percentages indicated in the table below are estimates and may vary. The following table should not be considered a representation of our future expenses. Actual expenses may be greater or less than shown. Except where the context suggests otherwise, whenever this prospectus contains a reference to fees or expenses paid by “us” or that “we” will pay fees or expenses, our stockholders will indirectly bear such fees or expenses as our investors.                                
Basis of Transaction Fees, Note [Text Block] as a percentage of offering price                                
Other Expenses, Note [Text Block]
“Other expenses” includes estimated overhead expenses, including payments under the Administration Agreement with our Administrator, and is based on actual amounts incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, annualized for a full year. See “
Management Agreements
.”
                               
Management Fee not based on Net Assets, Note [Text Block]
Our base management fee is calculated at an annual rate of 1.0% of our average gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters, including assets purchased with borrowed funds or other forms of leverage but excluding cash and cash equivalents. The base management fee reflected in the table above is annualized and based on actual amounts incurred under the Investment Advisory Agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 at a rate of 1.0%. The Investment Adviser has agreed to its right to receive the base management fee in excess of 0.75% the average value of the Company’s gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters for the Waiver Period. For the avoidance of doubt, the fee waiver is not reflected in the table above. For purposes of this table, the SEC requires the base management fee to be calculated by determining the ratio that the base management fee bears to our net assets attributable to common stock rather than our gross assets as set forth in the Investment Advisory Agreement. See “
Management Agreements
.
                               
Financial Highlights [Abstract]                                  
Senior Securities [Table Text Block]
SENIOR SECURITIES
Information about our senior securities is shown as of the dates indicated in the below table which is derived from our consolidated financial statements and related notes. Information about our senior securities should be read in conjunction with our audited and unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and the section titled “
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
” included in our most recent Annual Report on Form
10-K
and Quarterly Reports on Form
10-Q,
as well as any amendments reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC.
 
Class and Period
 
Total Amount
Outstanding Exclusive of
Treasury Securities
(1)
   
Asset Coverage
per Unit
(2)
   
Liquidating
Preference
per Unit
(3)
   
Average
Market Value
per Unit
 
   
($in thousands)
   
($in thousands)
             
2025 Notes
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $ 275,000       2,000       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2023
  $ 275,000       2,146       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2022
  $ 275,000       1,912       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
2027 Notes
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $ 425,000       2,000       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2023
  $ 425,000       2,146       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2022
  $ 425,000       1,912       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
2029 Notes
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $ 350,000       2,000       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
Truist Credit Facility
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $ 545,987       2,000       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2023
  $ 520,263       2,146       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2022
  $ 432,254       1,912       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2021
  $ 476,000       1,951       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
BNP Funding Facility
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $ 246,000       2,000       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2023
  $ 282,000       2,146       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2022
  $ 400,000       1,912       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2021
  $ 463,500       1,951       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2020
  $ 0       —        —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
CIBC Subscription Facility
       
September 30, 2024 (unaudited)
  $ —        —        —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2023
  $ —        —        —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2022
  $ —        —        —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2021
  $ 310,350       1,951       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2020
  $ 333,850       1,903       —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
December 31, 2019
  $ 0       —        —     
 
N/A
(4)
 
 
(1)
Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period presented.
(2)
Asset coverage per unit is the ratio of the carrying value of our total assets, less all liabilities excluding indebtedness represented by senior securities in this table, to the aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness. Asset coverage per unit is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per $1,000 of indebtedness and is calculated on a consolidated basis.
(3)
The amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior to it. The “—” in this column indicates information that the SEC expressly does not require to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities.
(4)
Not applicable because the senior securities are not registered for public trading on a stock exchange.
                               
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                  
Investment Objectives and Practices [Text Block] Our investment objective is to achieve attractive risk-adjusted returns via current income and, to a lesser extent, capital appreciation by investing primarily in directly originated senior secured term loans issued by U.S. middle-market companies in which private equity sponsors have a controlling equity stake in the portfolio company. For the purposes of this prospectus, “middle-market companies” refers to companies that, in general, generate annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, in the range of approximately $15 million to $200 million, although not all of our portfolio companies will meet this criterion.                                
Risk Factors [Table Text Block]
RISK FACTORS
Investing in our securities involves a number of significant risks. Before you invest in our securities, you should carefully consider various risks described in the section titled “
Risk Factors
” in our most recent Annual Report on Form
10-K,
as well as in subsequent filings with the SEC that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus in their entirety, together with other information in this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference, and any prospectus supplement and free writing prospectus that we may authorize for use in connection with this offering. The risks set out in these documents are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or not presently deemed material by us may also impair our operations and performance. If any of these risks occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially and adversely affected. In such case, our net asset value and the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. The risk factors described in these documents are the principal risk factors associated with an investment in us as well as those factors generally associated with an investment company with investment objectives, investment policies, capital structure or trading markets similar to ours.
                               
Share Price [Table Text Block]
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK
Our common stock began trading on January 24, 2024 and is currently traded on The New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “MSDL”. The following table sets forth: (i) the net asset value per share of our common stock as of the applicable period end, (ii) the range of high and low closing sale prices of our common stock as reported on The New York Stock Exchange during the applicable period, (iii) the closing high and low sale prices as a percentage of net asset value and (iv) the dividends and distributions per share of our common stock declared during the applicable period. Our shares of common stock have historically traded at prices both above and below our net asset value per share. It is not possible to predict whether shares of our common stock will trade at, above or below our net asset value in the future. See “Risk Factors.”
 

Period
  
NAV
(1)
 
  
Closing Sales Price
 
  
Premium

of High

Sales

Price
(2)
 
 
Premium

(Discount) of

Low Sales

Price to

NAV
(2)
 
 
Dividends

and

Distributions

Declared
(3)
 
  
High
 
  
Low
 
Fiscal year ending December 31, 2024
             
Fourth quarter (through November 21, 2024)
     *        20.63       19.56       *       *     $ 0.50  
Third quarter
   $ 20.83      $ 23.47     $ 19.33       12.7     (7.2 )%    $ 0.50  
Second quarter
   $ 20.83      $ 24.13     $ 20.87       15.8     0.2   $ 0.50  
First quarter
   $ 20.67      $ 22.53     $ 19.63       9.0     (5.0 )%    $ 0.70
(4)(5)
 
Fiscal year ending December 31, 2023
             
Fourth quarter
   $ 20.67        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.60  
Third quarter
   $ 20.57        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.60  
Second quarter
   $ 20.15        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.57  
First quarter
   $ 19.93        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.50  
Fiscal year ending December 31, 2022
             
Fourth quarter
   $ 19.81        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.50  
Third quarter
   $ 20.00        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.47  
Second quarter
   $ 20.32        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.47  
First quarter
   $ 20.82        N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A     $ 0.48  
 
(1)
Net Asset Value, or NAV, per share is determined as of the last day in the relevant quarter and therefore may not reflect the NAV per share on the date of the high and low closing sales prices. The NAVs shown are based on outstanding shares at the end of each period.
(2)
Calculated as of the respective high or low closing sales price divided by the
quarter-end
NAV.
(3)
Represents the dividend or distribution declared in the relevant quarter.
(4)
Includes a special distribution of $0.10 per share payable on October 25, 2024 to holders of record of common stock as of August 5, 2024.
(5)
Includes a special distribution of $0.10 per share payable on January 24, 2025 to holders of record of common stock as of November 4, 2024.
*
NAV has not yet been calculated for this period.
The last reported price for our common stock on November 21, 2024 was $20.63 per share. As of November 21, 2024, we had 6,522 stockholders of record, which did not include stockholders for whom shares are held in “nominee” or “street name”.
Shares of BDCs may trade at a market price that is less than the value of the net assets attributable to those shares. The possibility that our shares of common stock will trade at a discount or premium to NAV is separate and distinct from the risk that our NAV will decrease.
                               
Lowest Price or Bid     $ 19.56 $ 19.33 $ 20.87 $ 19.63                      
Highest Price or Bid     $ 20.63 $ 23.47 $ 24.13 $ 22.53                      
Highest Price or Bid, Premium (Discount) to NAV [Percent] [8]     12.70% 15.80% 9.00%                      
Lowest Price or Bid, Premium (Discount) to NAV [Percent] [8]     (7.20%) 0.20% (5.00%)                      
NAV Per Share [9]   $ 20.83 $ 20.83 $ 20.83 $ 20.67 $ 20.67 $ 20.57 $ 20.15 $ 19.93 $ 19.81 $ 20 $ 20.32 $ 20.82      
Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and Other Securities [Abstract]                                  
Capital Stock [Table Text Block]
DESCRIPTION OF OUR CAPITAL STOCK
The following description of our capital stock is based on relevant portions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or DGCL, and on our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws. This summary is not necessarily complete, and we refer you to the DGCL and our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, forms of which are incorporated by reference to the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, for a more detailed description of the provisions summarized below.
Our authorized stock currently consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. Our common stock is traded on The New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “MSDL.” There are no outstanding options or warrants to purchase shares of our common stock. No stock has been authorized for issuance under any equity compensation plan. Under Delaware law, our stockholders generally are not personally liable for our debts or obligations.
The following are our outstanding classes of securities as of September 30, 2024:
 
Title of Class
  
(2)

Amount
authorized
    
(3)
Amount held by
us or for Our
Account
    
(4)

Amount
Outstanding
Exclusive of
Amounts shown
Under Column (3)
 
Common Stock
     100,000,000        —         89,008,972  
All shares of our common stock have equal rights as to earnings, assets, dividends and other distributions and voting and, when they are issued, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Distributions may be paid to the holders of our common stock if, as and when authorized by our Board of Directors and declared by us out of assets legally available therefrom. Shares of our common stock have no preemptive, exchange, conversion or redemption rights and are freely transferable, except when their transfer is restricted by federal and state securities laws or by contract. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each share of our common stock would be entitled to share ratably in all of our assets that are legally available for distribution after we pay all debts and other liabilities and subject to any preferential rights of holders of our preferred stock, if any preferred stock is outstanding at such time. Each share of our common stock is entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election of directors. Except as provided with respect to any other class or series of stock, the holders of our common stock possess exclusive voting power. There is no cumulative voting in the election of directors, which means that holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock can elect all of our directors, and holders of less than a majority of such shares are not able to elect any directors.
                               
Security Dividends [Text Block] Distributions may be paid to the holders of our common stock if, as and when authorized by our Board of Directors and declared by us out of assets legally available therefrom.                                
Security Voting Rights [Text Block] Each share of our common stock is entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election of directors. Except as provided with respect to any other class or series of stock, the holders of our common stock possess exclusive voting power. There is no cumulative voting in the election of directors, which means that holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock can elect all of our directors, and holders of less than a majority of such shares are not able to elect any directors.                                
Security Liquidation Rights [Text Block] In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each share of our common stock would be entitled to share ratably in all of our assets that are legally available for distribution after we pay all debts and other liabilities and subject to any preferential rights of holders of our preferred stock, if any preferred stock is outstanding at such time.                                
Security Preemptive and Other Rights [Text Block] Shares of our common stock have no preemptive, exchange, conversion or redemption rights and are freely transferable, except when their transfer is restricted by federal and state securities laws or by contract.                                
Long Term Debt [Table Text Block] DESCRIPTION OF OUR DEBT SECURITIES                                
Outstanding Securities [Table Text Block]
The following are our outstanding classes of securities as of September 30, 2024:
 
Title of Class
  
(2)

Amount
authorized
    
(3)
Amount held by
us or for Our
Account
    
(4)

Amount
Outstanding
Exclusive of
Amounts shown
Under Column (3)
 
Common Stock
     100,000,000        —         89,008,972  
                               
Outstanding Security, Title [Text Block]   Common Stock                              
Outstanding Security, Authorized [Shares]   100,000,000                              
Outstanding Security, Held [Shares]   89,008,972                              
Business Contact [Member]                                  
Cover [Abstract]                                  
Entity Address, Address Line One 1585 Broadway, 23rd Floor                                
Entity Address, City or Town New York                                
Entity Address, State or Province NY                                
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 10036                                
Contact Personnel Name Jeffrey S. Levin                                
Common Shares [Member]                                  
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract]                                  
Basis of Transaction Fees, Note [Text Block] as a percentage of net assets attributable to common stock                                
General Description of Registrant [Abstract]                                  
Share Price     $ 20.63                            
NAV Per Share   $ 20.83   $ 20.83                          
You would pay the following expenses on a 1,000 common stock investment, assuming a 5 annual return resulting entirely from net realized capital gains (all of which is subject to the incentive fee based on capital gains) [Member]                                  
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract]                                  
Expense Example, Year 01 [10] $ 94                                
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 [10] 270                                
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 [10] 430                                
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 [10] 769                                
You would pay the following expenses on a 1,000 common stock investment, assuming a 5 annual return (none of which is subject to the incentive fee based on capital gains) [Member]                                  
Other Annual Expenses [Abstract]                                  
Expense Example, Year 01 [11] 86                                
Expense Example, Years 1 to 3 [11] 249                                
Expense Example, Years 1 to 5 [11] 400                                
Expense Example, Years 1 to 10 [11] $ 729                                
2025 Notes [Member]                                  
Financial Highlights [Abstract]                                  
Senior Securities Amount [12]   $ 275,000,000   $ 275,000,000     $ 275,000,000       $ 275,000,000            
Senior Securities Coverage per Unit [13]   $ 2,000,000   $ 2,000,000     $ 2,146,000       $ 1,912,000            
Preferred Stock Liquidating Preference [14]   $ 0   $ 0     $ 0       $ 0            
2027 Notes [Member]                                  
Financial Highlights [Abstract]                                  
Senior Securities Amount [12]   $ 425,000,000   $ 425,000,000     $ 425,000,000       $ 425,000,000            
Senior Securities Coverage per Unit [13]   $ 2,000,000   $ 2,000,000     $ 2,146,000       $ 1,912,000            
Preferred Stock Liquidating Preference [14]   $ 0   $ 0     $ 0       $ 0            
2029 Notes [Member]                                  
Financial Highlights [Abstract]                                  
Senior Securities Amount [12]   $ 350,000,000   $ 350,000,000                          
Senior Securities Coverage per Unit [13]   $ 2,000,000   $ 2,000,000                          
Preferred Stock Liquidating Preference [14]   $ 0   $ 0                          
Truist Credit Facility [Member]                                  
Financial Highlights [Abstract]                                  
Senior Securities Amount [12]   $ 545,987,000   $ 545,987,000     $ 520,263,000       $ 432,254,000       $ 476,000,000    
Senior Securities Coverage per Unit [13]   $ 2,000,000   $ 2,000,000     $ 2,146,000       $ 1,912,000       $ 1,951,000    
Preferred Stock Liquidating Preference [14]   $ 0   $ 0     $ 0       $ 0       $ 0    
BNP Funding Facility [Member]                                  
Financial Highlights [Abstract]                                  
Senior Securities Amount [12]   $ 246,000,000   $ 246,000,000     $ 282,000,000       $ 400,000,000       $ 463,500,000 $ 0  
Senior Securities Coverage per Unit [13]   $ 2,000,000   $ 2,000,000     $ 2,146,000       $ 1,912,000       $ 1,951,000 $ 0  
Preferred Stock Liquidating Preference [14]   $ 0   $ 0     $ 0       $ 0       $ 0 $ 0  
CIBC Subscription Facility [Member]                                  
Financial Highlights [Abstract]                                  
Senior Securities Amount [12]   $ 0   $ 0     $ 0       $ 0       $ 310,350,000 $ 333,850,000 $ 0
Senior Securities Coverage per Unit [13]   $ 0   $ 0     $ 0       $ 0       $ 1,951,000 $ 1,903,000 $ 0
Preferred Stock Liquidating Preference [14]   $ 0   $ 0     $ 0       $ 0       $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
[1] In the event that the securities to which this prospectus relates are sold to or through underwriters or agents, a corresponding prospectus supplement will disclose the applicable sales load (underwriting discount or commission).
[2] The expenses of the dividend reinvestment plan are included in “other expenses” in the table above. For additional information, see “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
[3] The related prospectus supplement will disclose the estimated amount of total offering expenses (which may include offering expenses borne by third parties on our behalf), the offering price and the offering expenses borne by us as a percentage of the offering price.
[4] Our base management fee is calculated at an annual rate of 1.0% of our average gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters, including assets purchased with borrowed funds or other forms of leverage but excluding cash and cash equivalents. The base management fee reflected in the table above is annualized and based on actual amounts incurred under the Investment Advisory Agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 prior to the waiver by the Adviser of its right to receive the base management fee in excess of 0.75% of the average value of the Company’s gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters for the Waiver Period. For the avoidance of doubt, the fee waiver is not reflected in the table above. For purposes of this table, the SEC requires the base management fee to be calculated by determining the ratio that the base management fee bears to our net assets attributable to common stock rather than our gross assets as set forth in the Investment Advisory Agreement. See “Management Agreements.”
[5] Interest payments on borrowed funds represents an estimate of our annualized interest expense based on our actual interest and credit facility expenses incurred for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, which includes the impact of interest rate swaps. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, our average borrowings outstanding was $1,614.4 million and our weighted average effective interest rate for total debt outstanding was 7.00%. We may borrow additional funds from time to time to make investments to the extent we determine that the economic situation is conducive to doing so. We may also issue preferred stock, subject to our compliance with applicable requirements under the 1940 Act. See “Description of our Preferred Stock.”
[6] Our incentive fee consists of two parts. The first part is determined and paid quarterly based on our pre-incentive fee net investment income and the second part is determined and payable in arrears based on net capital gains as of the end of each calendar year or upon termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement. The table reflects each incentive fee calculated at a rate of 17.5%. Similar to the waiver referenced in footnote (4) above, the Adviser has agreed to waive its right to receive each component of the incentive fee above 15% during the Waiver Period. This fee waiver is not reflected in the table above. See “Management Agreements.”
[7] “Other expenses” includes estimated overhead expenses, including payments under the Administration Agreement with our Administrator, and is based on actual amounts incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, annualized for a full year. See “Management Agreements.”
[8] Calculated as of the respective high or low closing sales price divided by the quarter-end NAV.
[9] Net Asset Value, or NAV, per share is determined as of the last day in the relevant quarter and therefore may not reflect the NAV per share on the date of the high and low closing sales prices. The NAVs shown are based on outstanding shares at the end of each period.
[10] Assumes no unrealized capital depreciation and a 5% annual return resulting entirely from net realized capital gains and not otherwise deferrable under the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and therefore subject to the incentive fee based on capital gains. Because our investment strategy involves investments that generate primarily current income, we believe that a 5% annual return resulting entirely from net realized capital gains is unlikely.
[11] Assumes that we will not realize any capital gains computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation.
[12] Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period presented.
[13] Asset coverage per unit is the ratio of the carrying value of our total assets, less all liabilities excluding indebtedness represented by senior securities in this table, to the aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness. Asset coverage per unit is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per $1,000 of indebtedness and is calculated on a consolidated basis.
[14] The amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior to it. The “—” in this column indicates information that the SEC expressly does not require to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities.
v3.24.3
Submission
Nov. 22, 2024
Submission [Line Items]  
Central Index Key 0001782524
Registrant Name Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund
Form Type N-2
Fee Exhibit Type EX-FILING FEES
v3.24.3
Offerings
Nov. 22, 2024
Offering: 1  
Offering:  
Fee Previously Paid false
Rule 457(r) true
Security Type Equity
Security Class Title Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
Offering Note
(1)
An indeterminate aggregate initial offering price or number of the securities of each identified class is being registered as may from time to time be offered and sold hereunder by Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund (the “registrant”) at indeterminate prices. Warrants may represent rights to purchase common stock, preferred stock or debt securities as may from time to time be offered hereunder by the registrant at indeterminate prices. This registration statement also covers an indeterminate amount of common stock that may be issued in exchange for, or upon conversion or exercise of, as the case may be, the subscription rights to purchase shares of common stock registered hereunder.
(2)
In accordance with Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees and will pay any registration fees subsequently in advance or on a
pay-as-you-go
basis.
Offering: 2  
Offering:  
Fee Previously Paid false
Rule 457(r) true
Security Type Equity
Security Class Title Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share
Offering Note
(1)
An indeterminate aggregate initial offering price or number of the securities of each identified class is being registered as may from time to time be offered and sold hereunder by Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund (the “registrant”) at indeterminate prices. Warrants may represent rights to purchase common stock, preferred stock or debt securities as may from time to time be offered hereunder by the registrant at indeterminate prices. This registration statement also covers an indeterminate amount of common stock that may be issued in exchange for, or upon conversion or exercise of, as the case may be, the subscription rights to purchase shares of common stock registered hereunder.
(2)
In accordance with Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees and will pay any registration fees subsequently in advance or on a
pay-as-you-go
basis.
Offering: 3  
Offering:  
Fee Previously Paid false
Rule 457(r) true
Security Type Other
Security Class Title Warrants
Offering Note
(1)
An indeterminate aggregate initial offering price or number of the securities of each identified class is being registered as may from time to time be offered and sold hereunder by Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund (the “registrant”) at indeterminate prices. Warrants may represent rights to purchase common stock, preferred stock or debt securities as may from time to time be offered hereunder by the registrant at indeterminate prices. This registration statement also covers an indeterminate amount of common stock that may be issued in exchange for, or upon conversion or exercise of, as the case may be, the subscription rights to purchase shares of common stock registered hereunder.
(2)
In accordance with Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees and will pay any registration fees subsequently in advance or on a
pay-as-you-go
basis.
Offering: 4  
Offering:  
Fee Previously Paid false
Rule 457(r) true
Security Type Other
Security Class Title Subscription Rights
Offering Note
(1)
An indeterminate aggregate initial offering price or number of the securities of each identified class is being registered as may from time to time be offered and sold hereunder by Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund (the “registrant”) at indeterminate prices. Warrants may represent rights to purchase common stock, preferred stock or debt securities as may from time to time be offered hereunder by the registrant at indeterminate prices. This registration statement also covers an indeterminate amount of common stock that may be issued in exchange for, or upon conversion or exercise of, as the case may be, the subscription rights to purchase shares of common stock registered hereunder.
(2)
In accordance with Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees and will pay any registration fees subsequently in advance or on a
pay-as-you-go
basis.
Offering: 5  
Offering:  
Fee Previously Paid false
Rule 457(r) true
Security Type Debt
Security Class Title Debt Securities
Offering Note
(1)
An indeterminate aggregate initial offering price or number of the securities of each identified class is being registered as may from time to time be offered and sold hereunder by Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund (the “registrant”) at indeterminate prices. Warrants may represent rights to purchase common stock, preferred stock or debt securities as may from time to time be offered hereunder by the registrant at indeterminate prices. This registration statement also covers an indeterminate amount of common stock that may be issued in exchange for, or upon conversion or exercise of, as the case may be, the subscription rights to purchase shares of common stock registered hereunder.
(2)
In accordance with Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees and will pay any registration fees subsequently in advance or on a
pay-as-you-go
basis.
(3)
Debt securities may be issued at an original issue discount.
v3.24.3
Fees Summary
Nov. 22, 2024
USD ($)
Fees Summary [Line Items]  
Total Offering $ 0
Previously Paid Amount 0
Total Fee Amount 0
Total Offset Amount 0
Net Fee $ 0

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